高考英語 完形填空總動員 2 夾敘夾議文與說明文課件

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1、【文體攻略】這種文體的語言既有記敘文的特點:借助敘述、描寫、抒情等手段記敘社會生活中的人、事、景、物的情態(tài)及其發(fā)展過程,用以表現(xiàn)作者思想,抒發(fā)作者情感;同時又具有議論文的語言個性(語言自然、客觀、準(zhǔn)確,邏輯性強(qiáng),且具有概括性)。 夾敘夾議型完形填空一般有以下三個結(jié)構(gòu)模式:1.先敘述作者自己的某一生活經(jīng)歷或見聞,然后針對這一事件發(fā)表自己對生活的看法,或揭示生活的真理,耐人尋味。2.作者先提出一種觀點或看法,然后圍繞這一觀點或看法用具體的事例加以說明,有時也可能是用幾個事例從不同的側(cè)面來說明。3.作者先提出一種觀點和見解,然后用某一事例來闡述這一觀點,最后再進(jìn)一步地總結(jié)和升華。解答這類題目的技巧和

2、思路有:1.大家在做這類完形填空題時,抓住作者的觀點或作者闡述的生活哲理是關(guān)鍵。因為作者敘述所發(fā)生的事情或事例是為其要表達(dá)的思想服務(wù)的。2.文章的首句一般是一個完整的富有哲理的句子,這個句子不容忽視,因為它往往是全文的關(guān)鍵句,甚至是文章的主題。3.抓住文章的線索,弄明白文章的邏輯關(guān)系。夾敘夾議文是記敘和議論在文中交錯運用,解題時一定要隨著記敘與議論的轉(zhuǎn)換,及時調(diào)整思維方式。4.敘與議是一個有機(jī)的整體,“敘”是“議”的基礎(chǔ),即議論不能脫離記敘,必須在記敘的基礎(chǔ)上展開;“議”是“敘”的滲透,即議論在記敘的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)表,且要有一定的深度與廣度。二者水乳交融,互為一體。【典例示范】Where do yo

3、u go when you want to learn something?School?A friend?A tutor?These are all 41 places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead.I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44. My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did very well this sea

4、son and so 45 a tournament,which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained.Through the first two games,her 48 did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent,I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best,50 still def

5、eated. It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday.When they 52 for their Sunday game,they were 53 different.They had begun to integrate(融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their 55.They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal. It 57 me th

6、at playing against the other team was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.59 is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school,but are certainly more personal and meaningful,because they had to work them out

7、 on their own. 41.A.public B.traditional C.official D.special42.A.passesB.works C.lies D.ends43.A.dreamB.idea C.habit D.chance44.A.trip B.holidayC.weekend D.square45.A.won B.enteredC.organized D.watched46.A.painfulB.strangeC.common D.practical47.A.less B.poorlyC.newly D.better48.A.fans B.tutorsC.cla

8、ss D.team49.A.imaginedB.hatedC.avoided D.missed50.A.if B.or C.but D.as51.A.girls B.parents C.coaches D.viewers52.A.dressedB.showed up C.made upD.planned53.A.slightlyB.hardly C.basically D.completely54.A.seen B.known C.heard D.read55.A.styles B.training C.game D.rules56.A.even B.still C.seldom D.agai

9、n57.A.confusedB.struck C.reminded D.warned58.A.touchingB.thinking C.encouraging D.learning59.A.ExperienceB.Independence C.Curiosity D.Interest60.A.harmful to B.mixed with C.different from D.applied to【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文以敘事為主,但是最后的評論卻是文章的點題之筆。你從哪兒學(xué)到東西呢?學(xué)校?朋友?老師?這些都是傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)的地方。作者通過自己的女兒所在的娛樂球隊與一個專業(yè)俱樂部的比賽,明白了經(jīng)驗才是孩子

10、們最好的老師。41.B由上文的“School?A friend?A tutor?”可知,這些地方都是一些人們學(xué)習(xí)東西的傳統(tǒng)的地方,故B項traditional為正確答案。許多考生誤選C項,official的含義為“官方的,正式的”,與句意不符。42.Cpass“通過,經(jīng)過”;work“工作”;lie“位于,在于”;end“結(jié)束”。由空后的somewhere else以及本句句意“但是很有可能你真正想要學(xué)習(xí)的地方在其他地方”可知選C項。43.D根據(jù)下文作者講述自己親眼看見了女兒打比賽的過程以及感受可知,此處應(yīng)用chance?！拔矣袡C(jī)會親眼看見這一切”。44.C由第三段第一句中的Saturday

11、and Sunday可知,這場比賽是在周末舉行。45.B由本句的“They did very well this season.”可知,她們這個賽季做得很好,所以他們進(jìn)入通常只有那些更有技能的俱樂部球隊參加的聯(lián)賽。win“贏得”;enter“進(jìn)入”;organize“組織”;watch“觀看”。故選B項。46.A根據(jù)第二段最后一句“.seeing my daughter playing her best, still defeated.”可知,對于作者的女兒所在的球隊來說,這些是痛苦的經(jīng)歷。故選A項。 47.D根據(jù)上一句中的only for more skilled club teams及下文

12、語境可推知對方“受過更好的訓(xùn)練”。48.D由第二段前三句可知,作者女兒的球隊進(jìn)入了聯(lián)賽,她的球隊遇上了更出色的球隊,故此處用team表示“她的球隊沒有得分的射門”。49.Bimagine“想象”;hate“不喜歡”;avoid“避免”;miss“錯過,思念”。由句首的As a parent可知,作為家長,作者不愿意見到女兒失敗。故選B項。50.C由空前的playing her best以及空后的still defeated可知,前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故選but。51.A根據(jù)第二段可知作者女兒的球隊與另外一個球隊進(jìn)行比賽,及最后一段第一句“.for all the girls.”可推出作者女兒的球隊都

13、是女孩子。故選A項。52.Bdress“穿”;show up“出現(xiàn)”;make up“彌補(bǔ),化妝,組成”;plan“計劃”。句意:當(dāng)她們出場參加周日的比賽時。故選B項。53.Dslightly“輕微地”;hardly“幾乎不”;basically“基本地”;completely“完全地”。根據(jù)下一句可知這些女孩子的表現(xiàn)與周六大不相同,故選D項。54.A由空后的the day before可知,她們把前一天所看到的足球的踢法及團(tuán)隊合作融合到了她們自己的比賽中。55.Cstyle“風(fēng)格”;training“訓(xùn)練”;game“比賽”;rule“規(guī)則”。由上一句可知她們是來參加比賽的,故此處應(yīng)選擇ga

14、me。56.A句意:她們踢得很有沖勁,甚至得了一分。even“甚至”;still“仍舊”;seldom“很少”;again“又,再”。故選A項。57.Bconfuse“困惑”;strike“撞,打擊”;remind“提醒”;warn“警告”。句意:我突然想到,與另一個球隊的比賽。句型It struck sb that.意為“某人突然想到”。58.D由下文第59個空后的the best teacher以及第60個空后的in school可推知,此處應(yīng)用learning,表示“對于這個隊所有的女孩子們來說,都是一個學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會”。59.Aexperience“經(jīng)驗”;independence“獨立”

15、;curiosity“好奇心”;interest“興趣”。由第46個空后的experiences可推知答案為experience。句意:經(jīng)驗是最好的老師。60.Cbe harmful to“對有害”;be mixed with“與混合”;be different from“與不同”;be applied to“被應(yīng)用到”。句意:他們學(xué)到的課程可能不會與他們在學(xué)校里所學(xué)到的有所不同。故選C項?！疚恼陆Y(jié)構(gòu)】A From my second grade on,there was one event I feared every year:the piano recital(獨奏會).A recita

16、l 1 I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers.1.A.reflectedB.explained C.meantD.proved解析:前文提到鋼琴獨奏會,此處解釋獨奏會的含義。一場獨奏會對“我”來說就是“我”不得不練習(xí)一首無聊的樂曲,并在陌生人面前演奏。mean “意味著”;reflect “反映,反射”;explain “解釋”;prove “證明”。答案:CEach year I 2 ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this

17、once”.And each year hed shake his head,2.A.would B.couldC.mightD.should解析:每一年“我”都會常常問父親“這次”能不能不參加獨奏會。would “過去常常,總是”;could “能夠”;might “可以”;should “應(yīng)該”。答案:AAnd each year hed shake his head,muttering(嘀咕)3 about building self-confidence and working towards a 4. 3.A.nothingB.everythingC.anythingD.someth

18、ing解析:此處表示的是父親會嘀咕一些建立自信及朝著一個目標(biāo)努力的東西。此處something指“想來重要(或值得注意)的事物”;nothing “什么也沒有”;everything “一切”;anything “任何東西”。答案:D4.A.goalB.stage C.journeyD.chance解析:根據(jù)下文“我”從父親的首次獨奏會上學(xué)習(xí)的東西可知父親嘀咕的是朝著一個目標(biāo)努力,故選A項。goal “目標(biāo)”;stage “舞臺,階段”;journey “旅程”;chance “機(jī)會”。答案:ASo it was with really great 5 that I stood in chur

19、ch one recent Sunday,video camera in hand,and 6 my 68-year-old father sweating5.A.troubleB.satisfaction C.strengthD.disappointment解析:此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語with really great satisfaction。前文提到“我”不愿意參加獨奏會,后文提到“我”要觀看父親舉行的第一次獨奏會,故應(yīng)是感到 “滿足,滿意”,有暗自慶幸之意。trouble “麻煩”;strength “力氣,力量”;disappointment “失望”。答案:B6.A.keptB.

20、sent C.watchedD.felt解析:前文提到“我”坐在教堂里手里拿著錄像機(jī),故此處應(yīng)是要觀看父親的演出。keep “堅持”;send “送”;watch “觀看”;feel “感覺”。答案:Cin his shirt 7 rising to play the piano in his very first recital. My father had longed to play music since childhood,but his family was poor and couldnt 8 lessons.He could have gone on regretting it

21、,7.A.throughB.from C.againstD.before解析:前文提到父親汗流浹背,后文提到此次演奏是父親的首次表演,故此處用before,表示父親演奏之前很緊張,故選D項。答案:D8.A.missB.afford C.selectD.understand解析:根據(jù)前文父親的家里很窮可知此處表示的是付不起學(xué)鋼琴的錢,故選B項。afford “付得起的費用”;miss “錯過,想念”;select “選擇,選舉”;understand “理解”。答案:B9 too many of us do.But though he was rooted in his past,he wasn

22、t 10there.When he retired three years ago,9.A.asB.onceC.ifD.while解析:前文提到父親家庭條件不好,沒能夠?qū)W習(xí)彈鋼琴,故此處指的是他本可以像“我”們大多數(shù)人那樣一直遺憾下去。as“正如,好像”,引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句;once“曾經(jīng)”;if “如果”;while “然而”。答案:A10.A.educatedB.protected C.stuckD.spoilt解析:根據(jù)前文盡管他念念不忘過去但“他并沒有沉浸其中”,故選C項。stick“陷在,卡在”;educate“教育”;protect“保護(hù)”;spoil “寵愛,溺愛”。答案:Che

23、11 his church music director to take him as a student. For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard,he 12 stared down at his fingers.11.A.allowedB.invited C.inspiredD.persuaded解析:根據(jù)后文“我”父親舉行獨奏會可知他應(yīng)該是說服了教堂的音樂總監(jiān)收他為徒,故選D項。persuade“說服,勸服”;allow“允許”;invite“邀請”;inspire“鼓舞,激勵”。答案:D12.A.roughlyB.si

24、mply C.merrilyD.curiously解析:根據(jù)前文父親在鋼琴前坐下及后文“我”的擔(dān)心可知,父親沒有彈奏只是低頭盯著自己的手指,故選B項。simply “僅僅,只是”;roughly“粗糙地,大致地”;merrily“高興地”;curiously“好奇地”。答案:BHas he forgotten the 13?I worried,remembering those split seconds 14 ago when my mind would go blank13.A.wordsB.videos C.notesD.lessons解析:根據(jù)前文父親的表現(xiàn):只是低頭凝視著自己的手指,

25、及“我”擔(dān)心父親是否忘了“音符”可知選C項。note“音符”;word“話,語言”;video“視頻”;lesson“課”。答案:C14.A.decadesB.weeks C.hoursD.moments解析:此處表示的是“我”記起了數(shù)十年前“我”演奏時大腦一片空白、手指僵硬的時刻,故選A項。decades ago “數(shù)十年前”。答案:Aand my fingers would 15.But then came the beautiful melody(旋律),from the 16 fingers that once baited(裝餌于) my fishing lines.15.A.pla

26、y B.freezeC.clickD.adjust解析:根據(jù)大腦一片空白可知此處表示的是手指僵硬,故選B項。play “彈奏,玩?！?freeze “凍僵,僵硬”;click “點擊”;adjust “調(diào)整”。答案:B16.A.same B.warmC.differentD.dirty解析:根據(jù)后文曾經(jīng)為“我”的漁線上裝魚餌可知,這美妙的音樂與之出自同一雙手,故選A項。答案:AAnd I 17 he had been doing what music teachers always stress:18 the music and pretend the others arent there.

27、17.A.predictedB.realizedC.imaginedD.insisted解析:此處指的是“我”意識到他根據(jù)音樂老師一直強(qiáng)調(diào)的來做,故選B項。realize“意識到”;predict“預(yù)測,預(yù)見”;imagine “想象”;insist“堅持”。答案:B18.A.pass overB.turn upC.bring inD.concentrate on解析:根據(jù)下文假裝沒有人在那兒可知,音樂老師一直強(qiáng)調(diào)的是把注意力放在音樂上,故選D項。pass over“置之不理,忽視”;turn up “出現(xiàn),調(diào)大”;bring in“帶來,引進(jìn)”;concentrate on “集中注意力于”

28、。答案:D“Im 19 of him for starting something new at his age,”I said to my son Jeff. “Yeah,and doing it so 20,”Jeff added. With his first recital,my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】父親的首次鋼琴獨奏會使“我”明白了“開始新的東西永不為遲”的道理,同時也讓“我”明白了勇

29、氣和決心的含義,這是任何語言所不能比擬的。19.A.ashamedB.awareC.tiredD.proud解析:父親在這個年紀(jì)還能學(xué)習(xí)新的東西,“我”為他感到自豪,故選D項。be proud of “對自豪”;be ashamed of “對感到羞愧”;be aware of “意識到”;be tired of “對感到厭煩”。答案:D20.A.casuallyB.anxiouslyC.nicelyD.frequently解析:根據(jù)“Yeah”可知兒子很贊同“我”說的話,“而且演奏得真是太好了”。故選C項。nicely“好極了”;casually “隨意地”;anxiously“焦急地”;f

30、requently“經(jīng)常地,頻繁地”。答案:CBLara was dying to discover how college could benefit her.Day after day,she sat in the 1,waiting for something her professors said to have a(n)2.1.A.studyB.theater C.classroomD.hall解析:A項“學(xué)習(xí)”;B項“劇院”;C項“教室”;D項“大廳”。根據(jù)第一句Lara was dying to discover how college could benefit her勞拉急于

31、知道大學(xué)對她有何益處可知,她應(yīng)是坐在教室聽教授講課,故選C項。答案:C2.A.judgmentB.result C.joke D.influence 解析:A項“判斷”;B項“結(jié)果”;C項“玩笑”;D項“影響”。根據(jù)后文waiting for something her professors said to have a(n) 可知她是等著教授說一些對她有所影響的事,故選D項。 答案:DBy the end of the semester nothing 3 had happened and she was 4.3.A.strangeB.negativeC.impressiveD.moving

32、 解析:A項“奇怪的”;B項“負(fù)面的”;C項“印象深刻的”;D項“感人的”。根據(jù)后文and asked,“Is this all there is?”她去問這就是全部嗎,可知沒有對她印象深刻的內(nèi)容,故選C項。答案:C4.A.puzzledB.disappointedC.pleasedD.worried 解析:A項“迷惑的”;B項“失望的”;C項“高興的”;D項“擔(dān)憂的”。前文說沒有對她印象深刻的內(nèi)容,可知她應(yīng)該是感到失望,故選B項。答案:BShe approached one of her 5 and asked,“Is this all there is?” The teacher look

33、ed at her for a moment and answered,“For you,apparently so.” As simple as it is,this story contains an important 6 for all potential students to learn:5.A.professorsB.classmates C.teammatesD.partners解析:根據(jù)前文Day after day,she sat in the ,waiting for something her professors(她坐在教室等待教授告訴她對她來說有影響的東西),可知無

34、所得后她就去找教授詢問,故選A項。 答案:A6.A.truthB.symbol C.memoryD.reality 解析:A項“事實,真相”;B項“象征”;C項“錢”;D項“現(xiàn)實”。根據(jù)句子As simple as it is,this story contains an important for all potential students to learn可知,這個故事包含的是一個事實,故選A項。 答案:Ayou cannot depend entirely on others to 7 you.If you do,you will get 8 with the education sy

35、stem with its inefficiencies and imperfections.7.A.change B.educateC.followD.invite 解析:A項“改變”;B項“教”;C項“跟隨”;D項“邀請”。根據(jù)句子you cannot depend entirely on others to you(你不能只依靠別人來教你)可知選B項。 答案:B8.A.concerned B.frustratedC.satisfiedD.connected 解析:A項“關(guān)心”;B項“沮喪”;C項“滿意”;D項“聯(lián)系”。根據(jù)句子you will get with the education

36、 system with its inefficiencies and imperfections.可知,你若僅依靠別人來教你,你會對教育系統(tǒng)的不足和不完美感到沮喪,故選B項。 答案:BYoull enjoy your educational experience more and get more 9 if you realize that 10 education is self-education,9.A.pleasureB.informationC.benefitD.help 解析:A項“愉悅”;B項“信息”;C項“益處”;D項“幫助”。根據(jù)句子Youll enjoy your edu

37、cational experience more and get more 可知你會享受你的教育經(jīng)歷并得到更多益處,故選C項。 答案:C10.A.compulsoryB.formal C.real D.public 解析:A項“義務(wù)的”;B項“正式的”;C項“真正的”;D項“公共的”。根據(jù)句子if you realize that education is self-education可知,如果你意識到真正的教育是自我教育,你將會享受你的教育經(jīng)歷并得到更多益處,故選C項。 答案:Cas it is you who 11 how much and how well you will learn.

38、 Learning is a partnership of two or more willing minds.Your teachers can 12 you with information and guidance,11.A.decidesB.notices C.recognizesD.guesses 解析:A項“決定”;B項“通知”;C項“辨認(rèn)出”;D項“猜出”。根據(jù)句子as it is you who how much and how well you will learn可知正是你自己決定你會學(xué)多少以及學(xué)得多好,故選A項。 答案:A12.A.assist B.mix C.honor

39、 D.charge 解析:A項“幫助”;B項“混合”;C項“敬佩”;D項“收費”。根據(jù)句子Your teachers can you with information and guidance可知老師可以幫助你獲得知識并引導(dǎo)你,故選A項。 答案:Abut much of the responsibility to learn is on your 13.If you welcome this 14,13.A.family B.deskC.feetD.shoulders解析:A項“家”;B項“桌子”;C項“腳”;D項“肩膀”。根據(jù)句子but much of the responsibility

40、to learn is on your 以及常識可知,大部分要學(xué)的責(zé)任還是在你肩上,故選D項。 答案:D14.A.trickB.fun C.luckD.responsibility 解析:A項“詭計”;B項“趣味”;C項“幸運”;D項“責(zé)任”。根據(jù)句子If you welcome this ,you will exercise more可知如果你歡迎責(zé)任,你會得到更多鍛煉,故選D項。 答案:Dyou will exercise more control over your 15 experience,both in and out of the classroom.Then,even if s

41、ome of your instructors 16 to meet their responsibilities in the partnership,15.A.business B.travel C.collegeD.work解析:A項“商業(yè)”;B項“旅行”;C項“大學(xué)”;D項“工作”。根據(jù)句子you will exercise more control over your experience,both in and out of the classroom可知選C項。 答案:C16.A.failB.continue C.stopD.desire 解析:A項“失敗”;B項“繼續(xù)”;C項“

42、停止”;D項“渴望”。根據(jù)句子even if some of your instructors to meet their responsibilities in the partnership可知,此處表示盡管你為承擔(dān)團(tuán)隊責(zé)任做出的指導(dǎo)失敗了,故選A項。 答案:Ayou can still 17 the situation from your side. Having more control will make you feel more fully involved,and feeling more involved will make you more 18 about your ed

43、ucation;17.A.damage B.control C.avoidD.describe 解析:A項“傷害”;B項“控制”;C項“避免”;D項“描述”。前文說盡管你為承擔(dān)團(tuán)隊責(zé)任做出的指導(dǎo)失敗了,你仍能從內(nèi)部控制這種情形,故選B項。答案:B18.A.scared B.enthusiastic C.carefulD.guilty 解析:A項“害怕的”;B項“熱情的”;C項“認(rèn)真的”;D項“內(nèi)疚的”。根據(jù)句子Having more control will make you feel more fully involved,and feeling more involved will mak

44、e you more about your education可知,更多的控制會使你覺得對你的教育更有熱情,故選B項。 答案:B19,you will not only increase your capacity to learn but will probably 20 the process more.You will also experience a greater sense of freedom and direction. 19.A.in particularB.for exampleC.in other words D.as a result 解析:A項“特別地”;B項“例如

45、”;C項“換句話說”;D項“結(jié)果”,根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容可知,應(yīng)是“結(jié)果你不僅會增加學(xué)習(xí)能力,還會”。故選D項。答案:D20.A.believeB.doubtC.regretD.enjoy解析:A項“相信”;B項“懷疑”;C項“后悔”;D項“喜歡,享受”。根據(jù)句子you will not only increase your capacity to learn but will probably the process more可知你不僅會增加學(xué)習(xí)能力,還會享受這個過程,故選D項。 答案:D【文體攻略】說明文一般采用簡練的語言,按一定的方法介紹事物的類別、性質(zhì)、特點、構(gòu)造、成因、關(guān)系或事物的運動變化、

46、發(fā)展的過程及其規(guī)律。常見的說明文有自我介紹、人物介紹(傳記)、地方介紹、習(xí)俗介紹、節(jié)日介紹、方法(步驟)介紹,產(chǎn)品說明、實驗報告、科普小品、讀書報告、新聞報道等。說明文類完形填空通常有以下命題特點:1.開頭點題在說明文類完形填空題中,作者一般在文章的首句直接提出說明的對象,這是掌握說明細(xì)節(jié)的前提。2.結(jié)構(gòu)清晰說明文一般按一定的順序展開。理清文章的說明順序,對于正確把握文意和上下文的邏輯關(guān)系以及選擇正確答案具有重要意義。3.文體特點說明文往往采用比較正式的文體,表述準(zhǔn)確嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),生詞術(shù)語較多,句子較長,結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜。4.條理清楚說明文十分講究條理性,一般采取時間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序或認(rèn)知順序等來

47、說明事物或事理。解答這類題目要遵循下列原則:1.明白說明對象文章的首句一般就明確了說明對象。對文章要進(jìn)行粗讀或略讀,對文章的大意要先有一個大體的了解。2.弄清楚說明的順序,利用好標(biāo)志語把握了說明順序,就能準(zhǔn)確把握文章的脈絡(luò),加強(qiáng)對整篇文章的理解。語篇與語篇之間往往有表明其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞語,這些詞語被稱為“語篇標(biāo)志語”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的語篇標(biāo)志語firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等;表示因果關(guān)系的thus,therefore,so等;表示改變話題的by the way等;表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的besides,whats more等;表示時間關(guān)系的before,so far,y

48、et,meanwhile,later等;表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but,while,on the other hand等。做題時如果能充分利用這些語篇標(biāo)志語,就可以迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò),弄清上下文的關(guān)系。3.把握文章的組織結(jié)構(gòu),理清事實細(xì)節(jié)把握語篇特征對理解文意與答題極為有利。說明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達(dá)清楚的、邏輯比較嚴(yán)密的短文。在閱讀這類文章時,我們一定要仔細(xì)研讀文章的開頭和結(jié)尾,從主題句著手,找出支持句,然后尋找文章的結(jié)論。這時,我們還要特別注意,不要被表面的一些細(xì)節(jié)所迷惑,我們在理解細(xì)節(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上,還要斟酌文字的內(nèi)涵意義,從而對文章進(jìn)行深層次的理解。4.注重上下文語境應(yīng)逐句精讀短文,逐題

49、分析選項,對特定的語境做深入的理解,克服“思維定式”,根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則逐項填空?！镜淅痉丁縄magine the first days in a new time zone.Slow to respond to the 28,your body clock is confused.Youre sleepy all day,but when its time for bed,you can hardly fall asleep.Obviously youre 29 jet lag(時差反應(yīng)). Travelers have traditionally fought thi

50、s 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol.There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31. For example,the moment you get on the airplane,start 32 your biological clock to the destinations time.If its daytime in your destination,try to stay 33.Walking around the cabin(客艙) can be of help.When it

51、s nighttime,try to sleep.In that case,eat before the flight,34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping.These tips will help you start a new 35 of sleep and wakefulness. 28.A.flightB.changeC.demand D.climate29.A.suffering from B.working on C.looking into D.leading to30.A.dangerB.problemC.wast

52、e D.fear31.A.brieflyB.slowlyC.suddenly D.effectively32.A.checkingB.sendingC.adjusting D.stopping33.A.awakeB.aloneC.hungry D.calm34.A.thoughB.so C.while D.or35.A.understanding B.cycle C.research D.trend【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文為說明文。文章介紹了克服時差反應(yīng)的健康有效的方法。28.B來到新時區(qū)的頭幾天,對這種變化反應(yīng)很遲鈍,生物鐘混亂。flight“飛行”;change“變化”;demand“要求”;cl

53、imate“氣候”。29.A上文中提到,一整天都昏昏欲睡,該睡覺時卻又無法入睡,這正是在遭受時差反應(yīng)之苦。suffer from“遭受的痛苦”;work on“致力于”;look into“向里看,調(diào)查”;lead to“通向,導(dǎo)致”。30.B時差反應(yīng)是一個問題,故選B項。danger“危險”;waste“浪費”;fear“害怕,擔(dān)憂”均不符合語境。31.D句意:事實上有一些更加健康的方法,它們同樣奏效。briefly“簡潔地”;slowly“慢慢地”;suddenly“突然地”;effectively“有效地”。32.C一上飛機(jī)就開始按照目的地的時間調(diào)整生物鐘,adjust符合句意。chec

54、k“檢查”; send“發(fā)送”;stop“停止”。33.A由前面的daytime提示可知,白天應(yīng)該醒著。下文“When its nighttime,try to sleep.”也是提示。alone“獨自的”;hungry“饑餓的”;calm“平靜的”。34.D句意:那樣的話,在登機(jī)前就餐,否則胃空蕩蕩的,你會無法入睡。祈使句和后文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故用or。35.B前文中的這些提示會幫助你開啟新一輪的睡眠和清醒模式。故B項正確。【文章結(jié)構(gòu)】ABody language is the quiet,secret and most powerful language of all!It speaks 1

55、than words.According to specialists,our bodies send out more 2 than we realize.1.A.straighter B.louderC.harderD.further解析:speak指說話的方式,根據(jù)第一句判斷此處說明身勢語的作用之大,所以應(yīng)選B項,表示“身勢語比語言更響亮,身勢語勝于言辭”。答案:B2.A.soundsB.invitationsC.feelingsD.messages解析:send out “發(fā)出,放出”,身勢語發(fā)出的不是“聲音”、“邀請”或“感情”,而是“信息”,所以選用messages。答案:DIn

56、fact,non-verbal communication(非言語交際) takes up about 50% of what we really 3.And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures(文化).3.A.hopeB.receive C.discoverD.mean 解析:hope “希望”;receive “收到”;discover “發(fā)現(xiàn)”;mean意指,表示“的意思”。根據(jù)文意判斷應(yīng)選D項,此處句意為“非言語交際實際上占了我們表達(dá)的意思的50%”。答案:D4.A

57、.immediateB.misleading C.importantD.difficult解析:根據(jù)連詞And可知該句繼續(xù)說明身勢語的作用,所以應(yīng)選C項,此處句意為“當(dāng)我們試圖進(jìn)行跨文化交際的時候,身勢語尤為重要”。答案:CIndeed,what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that its actually often unnoticed.And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.6,5.A.wellB.farC.muchD.long解析:該句仍然說明身勢語的重要性,所以選用muc

58、h強(qiáng)調(diào)程度,此處句意為“身勢語是我們生活中很重要的一部分”。答案:C6.A.For example B.ThusC.HoweverD.In short解析:下文舉例說明身勢語造成的誤解,所以選A項。答案:Adifferent societies treat the 7 between people differently.Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8 contact(接觸) even with friends,7.A.tradeB.distanceC.connectionsD.greetings解析:下文講述了北歐人與拉美人交談

59、時身體保持的距離,所以選B項。答案:B8.A.eyeB.verbalC.bodilyD.telephone解析:根據(jù)下文可知北歐人通常不喜歡身體接觸,所以選C項。答案:Cand certainly not with 9.People from Latin American countries,10,touch each other quite a lot.Therefore,9.A.strangersB.relativesC.neighboursD.enemies解析:此處選用strangers與前面的friends對應(yīng)。答案:A10.A.in other wordsB.on the othe

60、r handC.in a similar wayD.by all means解析:拉美人則是另一種情況,所以選B項,表示“另一方面”。答案:Bits possible that in 11,it may look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room.The Latino,trying to express friendship,11.A.troubleB.conversationC.silenceD.experiment解析:下面描述的是北歐人和拉美人交談的情況,所以選B項。答案:B12.A.disturbingB.helping

61、C.guidingD.following解析:由于拉美人習(xí)慣身體接觸,而北歐人卻不習(xí)慣,所以交談中不斷躲閃著,看起來就像拉美人在追逐北歐人一樣,因此選用following。答案:Dwill keep moving 13.The Norwegian,very probably seeing this as pushiness,will keep 14which the Latino will in return regard as 15. 13.A.closerB.faster C.in D.away解析:拉美人想要通過身體接觸表示友誼,必然會不斷地向?qū)Ψ娇拷?所以選用closer。答案:A14

62、.A.stepping forwardB.going on C.backing awayD.coming out解析:拉美人想要靠近,北歐人則想要躲開,所以選C項表示“向后倒退”。答案:C15.A.weaknessB.carelessness C.friendlinessD.coldness解析:北歐人的躲閃必然使拉美人誤以為“冷漠”或“不禮貌”,所以選D項。答案:DClearly,a great deal is going on when people 16.And only a part of it is in the words themselves.And when parties a

63、re from 17 cultures,16.A.talk B.travelC.laughD.think解析:根據(jù)上文北歐人與拉美人交談的例子以及下文的words themselves判斷,此處應(yīng)選用talk。答案:A17.A.differentB.EuropeanC.LatinoD.rich解析:此處句意為“當(dāng)對方是來自不同的文化(背景)的時候”,所以選A項。答案:Atheres a strong possibility of 18.But whatever the situation,the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule:treat others a

64、s you would like to be 20. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】肢體語言在日常交際中非常重要,但是在不同文化背景下人們對它卻有著不同的理解,因此有時也會引起誤解。18.A.curiosityB.excitement C.misunderstanding D.nervousness解析:文化背景不同,更有可能產(chǎn)生“誤解”,所以選C項。答案:C19.A.chanceB.time C.resultD.advice解析:下文的黃金法則顯然是一種“建議”,所以選用advice。答案:D20.A.noticedB.treated C.respectedD.pleased解析:根據(jù)前面的treat判斷此處

65、應(yīng)用其被動語態(tài)形式,所以選B項,此處句意為“按照你想要被對待的方式對待別人;己所不欲,勿施于人”。答案:BBEverybody knows how to learn.Learning is a natural thing.It begins the 1we are born.Our first teachers are our families. At home we learn to talk and to 2and feed ourselves.1.A.month B.minuteC.time D.day解析:根據(jù)上文中的Learning is a natural thing可知,學(xué)習(xí)是一

66、件自然的事情,從我們出生那一刻就開始了。此處用the minute“一就”引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故B項正確。答案:B2.A.wearB.put on C.have onD.dress解析:根據(jù)此空后的and feed ourselves可知此處表示在家里,我們學(xué)會說話、穿衣和吃飯。dress oneself意為“穿衣,打扮”,為固定短語,符合語境。故D項正確。答案:DWe learn these and other skills by 3.Then we go to school.A teacher tells us 4to learn and how to learn.Many teachers teach us,3.A.askingB.listeningC.following D.drilling解析:ask“問”;listen“聽”;follow“跟隨;仿效”;drill“鉆孔;訓(xùn)練”。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示我們通過仿效來學(xué)習(xí)交談、穿衣、吃飯和其他的一些技巧,故C項正確,指跟著別人學(xué)習(xí)。答案:C4.A.whatB.when C.that D.who解析:根據(jù)此空后的to learn