高考英語 完形填空總動員 1 記敘文與議論文課件

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1、【文體攻略】記敘文是高考完形填空題中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的一類文體。近幾年主要以敘事、記人為主,有幽默故事、童話寓言、歷史故事、人物傳記等,大多數(shù)都富有積極的教育意義,給人以人生的啟迪或是充滿了生活情趣和人生感悟。有的記敘文在結(jié)尾處稍加一兩句議論,常常涉及文章內(nèi)涵,這是對記敘部分的升華。解答記敘文體的完形填空,常用以下幾點答題技巧:1.讀透首句,掌握主旨重視首句,明確短文話題,了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu),預(yù)測全文內(nèi)容。絕大多數(shù)記敘文的作者都會用一句話點明人物的姓名、身份或事件發(fā)生的時間、地點,然后再逐漸深入介紹事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展,最后得出結(jié)論。所以讀透句首對于學(xué)生了解全篇至關(guān)重要,這就是我們理解文章內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的“突破口

2、”。2.跳空速讀全文,掌握中心速讀全文要求一氣呵成,跳過空格,快速閱讀,領(lǐng)會大意,把握中心。重點了解記敘文的要素,如:時間、地點、人物和事件等,從整體上把握文章的敘述順序和結(jié)構(gòu)主線。3.身臨其境,故事重構(gòu)采取換位思考的方式,假設(shè)自己就是故事的主人公,在此情此景下,模擬故事的情景,體會人物的心情,推理故事的發(fā)展、體驗作者的心情以及觀點和態(tài)度等。這樣才能對故事或事件有一個貼切的把握,才能選出符合語境的選項。同時要注意文化背景知識和生活常識。4.關(guān)注末段,注意感想最后一段通常是作者的有感而發(fā)、心理體驗或經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)等。要注意結(jié)合語境選用合適的形容詞、副詞、動詞或名詞等。5.瀏覽全文,復(fù)查核定根據(jù)記敘文的

3、線索,考生一定要進行回查,仔細推敲,校正全文,使故事恢復(fù)原貌。檢查要點是:(1)語意是否前后一致;(2)上下文是否通順連貫,內(nèi)容是否完整;(3)所選詞匯是否符合語法、句法結(jié)構(gòu);(4)文化背景和生活常識是否合理?！镜淅痉丁縈y kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said,“41my job.Family to Feed.” At this store,a 42 like this is no

4、t normal.My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind. In the store,I asked each of my kids to 45something they thought our “friend”there would 46.They got apples,a sandwich and a bottle of juice.Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47.I t

5、hought about it.We were 48on cash ourselves,but.well,sometimes49from our need instead of our abundance is 50 what we need to do!All the kids 51something they could do away with for the week. When we handed him the bag of 52,he lit up and thanked us with 53 eyes.When I handed him the gift card,saying

6、 he could use it for 54his family might need,he burst into tears. This has been a wonderful 55 for our family.For days the kids have been looking for others we can 56!Things would have played out so 57if I had simply said,“No,we really dont have 58to give more.”Stepping out not only helped a brother

7、 in 59,it also gave my kids the 60taste of helping others.Itll go a long way with them. 41.A.LostB.Changed C.Quit D.Finished42.A.conditionB.placeC.sight D.show43.A.suggestionB.commentC.decision D.call44.A.outsideB.proudlyC.by D.angrily45.A.draw B.say C.arrange D.pick46.A.order B.supplyC.appreciate D

8、.discover47.A.dollarB.job C.hot meal D.gift card48.A.easy B.low C.soft D.loose49.A.givingB.savingC.spending D.begging50.A.yet B.even C.still D.just51.A.declaredB.sharedC.ignored D.expected52.A.toys B.medicineC.food D.clothes53.A.sleepyB.wateryC.curious D.sharp54.A.whoeverB.whateverC.whichever D.when

9、ever55.A.experienceB.exampleC.message D.adventure 56.A.rely on B.respect C.learn from D.help57.A.suddenlyB.vividlyC.differently D.perfectly58.A.time B.powerC.patience D.money59.A.fear B.love C.need D.memory60.A.strongB.sweet C.strange D.simple本文為記敘文。作者和孩子們周末去超市購物時,在超市外面看到一名男子在乞討。作者和孩子們?yōu)檫@位乞討者挑選了一些食物,

10、并送給他一張代金卡。幫助他人給孩子們帶來了很多的快樂。41.A根據(jù)后面的“Family to Feed.”可以推斷出,這位男子失業(yè)了,同時還需要撫養(yǎng)家人,所以他上街乞討。42.C作者在此處想要說明的是,上文描述的男子乞討的情景并不常見。sight在此處意為“景象,情景”,符合語境。condition“條件,環(huán)境”;place“地方”;show“展覽,表演”。43.Bmake a comment on sth.是固定搭配,意為“評論某事”。作者10歲的孩子注意到了那名乞討的男子并進行了評論。44.A根據(jù)前面的“how bad”以及后面的“in the cold wind”可知,這名男子是站在外面

11、進行乞討的。45.D進入商店后,作者要求每個孩子挑選他們覺得我們的這位“朋友”最可能重視的東西。pick在此處意為“選擇,挑選”。46.Cappreciate在此處意為“重視,歡迎”,符合語境。order“訂購”;supply“提供,供應(yīng)”;discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。47.D根據(jù)下文第54空所在的句子中的“When I handed him the gift card”可知,此處作者17歲的孩子建議送給乞討的男子一張代金卡。48.Blow在此處是形容詞,意為“少的,缺少(錢)的”,說明作者一家也不富裕,經(jīng)濟也很拮據(jù)。49.A根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,作者的兒子想把這張代金卡送給那位乞討的男子,雖然他們

12、也不富裕,但是作者還是同意了。50.Djust在此處意為“恰好”。作者認為在自己不富有的情況下為他人提供幫助恰好是我們需要做的事情。51.A作者的孩子們非常支持17歲的哥哥(或姐姐)的做法,他們紛紛宣布取消自己在這一周要買的東西,為的是把代金卡送給乞討的男子。52.C上文提到作者一家在商店主要購買了一些食物,所以此處指的是我們把那袋子食物遞到了乞討男子的手中。53.B當(dāng)作者一家把那袋子食物遞給乞討的男子時,他非常高興,眼含熱淚感謝我們。watery意為“濕潤的,水汪汪的”。54.B作者把代金卡也送給了那名男子,并告訴他可以用來購買家人可能需要的任何東西。55.A根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,幫助乞討男子的

13、事情對于作者一家來說一直是一次美好的經(jīng)歷。56.D因為上文講述的是幫助他人的經(jīng)歷,所以此處表示作者的孩子們一連好幾天到處尋找我們能夠幫助的人。57.C此處使用了虛擬語氣,表示作者的假想:如果自己當(dāng)初不同意幫助乞討的男子,情況會完全不同。58.D根據(jù)常理可知,幫助乞討的人主要需要付出金錢,而不是時間、能力或耐心,所以此處應(yīng)選money。59.Cin need是固定短語,意為“需要幫助的”。作者一家?guī)椭艘晃恍枰獛椭娜恕?0.B根據(jù)常理可知,幫助他人會給人帶來甜蜜的滋味和快樂的感受,所以此處應(yīng)選sweet。【文章結(jié)構(gòu)】A“Daily Star,sir,”called Jason,carrying

14、 some newspapers under his arm.The little boy had been running up and down the street,but there were still twenty 1 left.His voice was almost gone and his heart was 2.The shops would soon close,and all the people would go home.1.A.shopsB.coins C.peopleD.papers解析:根據(jù)前文的“.carrying some newspapers under

15、 his arm.”可知,此處表示還剩下20份報紙。故選D項。答案:D2.A.openB.heavyC.pure D.weak解析:根據(jù)上下文可知,小男孩的報紙還剩下20份,而街上行人越來越少,他沒有掙到所需要的錢,因此心情沉重。heavy“沉重的,低落的”,符合語境。故選B項。答案:BThe shops would soon close,and all the people would go home.He would have to go home too,carrying the papers 3 money.He had hoped to sell more papers tonigh

16、t to make more money to buy a 4 for his mother and some seeds for his bird.That was why he had bought the papers with all his money.3.A.instead ofB.in return for C.regardless ofD.in exchange for解析:小男孩沒將報紙賣出去,因此就會帶著這些報紙而不是掙到的錢回家。instead of“代替,而不是”,符合句意。答案:A4.A.cupB.cardC.combD.cake解析:根據(jù)下文的“and the ca

17、ke he wanted to buy for his mother,.”可知,他想給母親買個蛋糕。故選D項。答案:DHe 5 as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers. “You dont know the 6 of selling papers.You must shout,Hot news!Bomb bursting!”5.A.gave inB.broke downC.got awayD.showed up解析:此處句意為“一想到他沒有將全部報紙賣出去,他情緒低落”。give in“屈服,讓步”;break down“情緒低落

18、,出故障”;get away“脫身,離開”;show up“出現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)語境可知選B項。答案:B6.A.difficultyB.processC.goalD.secret解析:根據(jù)下文可知,這時一位報童開始向他傳授賣報的“秘訣”,故選D項。答案:Danother newsboy Chad told Jason.“7 its not in the paper at all,”replied Jason.“Just run away quickly 8 they have time to see,7.A.AndB.ButC.ForD.So解析:根據(jù)下文可知,此處表示這樣的消息根本不是報紙上的內(nèi)容,

19、因此選B項,but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。答案:B8.A.before B.since C.thoughD.unless解析:此處表示“趁著他們還沒來得及看就快速跑開,這樣你就能將報紙賣光也能掙到錢了”。故此處選A項before,表示“在之前,還沒來得及”。答案:Aand youll 9 out and get your money,”Chad said. It was a new 10 to Jason.He thought of his bird with no 11 and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother,9.A.callB.drop C.sellD.

20、reach解析:此處表示將報紙“賣光”,故選C項。答案:C10.A.editionB.idea C.policyD.task解析:這位報童所說的對賈森來說是一個新的“主意”,故選B項。答案:B11.A.breadB.insects C.seedsD.water解析:根據(jù)上文的“.some seeds for his bird.”可知,此處表示他想起了他無食可吃的鳥。故選C項。答案:Cbut was 12 that he would not tell a lie.Though he was 13 a poor newsboy,he had been 14 some good things. 12

21、.A.concernedB.amazed C.excitedD.determined解析:根據(jù)前面的but可知,小男孩不想通過撒謊來獲得這些東西,此處表示“決定,決心”。故選D項。答案:D13.A.still B.already C.justD.also解析:盡管他只是個貧窮的報童,但他一直以來也是接受正面教育的。just“僅僅,只不過”,符合語境。故選C項。答案:C14.A.taughtB.handed C.awardedD.allowed解析:此處表示他從小接受的都是些正面的教育。答案:A The next afternoon Jason went to the office for hi

22、s papers 15.Several boys were crowding around Chad,who declared with a 16 smile that he sold six dozen the day before.15.A.at onceB.by chanceC.as usualD.on purpose解析:第二天,這個小男孩像往常一樣來取報紙。as usual“像往常一樣”,符合語境。答案:C16.A.proudB.gentleC.warmD.polite解析:那個教賈森賣報“秘訣”的男孩前一天賣出去6打報紙,被好幾個孩子圍著,臉上掛著得意的微笑。故選A項proud“感

23、到得意的,驕傲的,自豪的”。答案:AHe added that Jason 17 money because he would not tell a lie.The boys 18 at Jason.“You wouldnt tell a lie yesterday,my boy?”17.A.borrowedB.lostC.madeD.saved解析:他接著說賈森因為不愿意撒謊,結(jié)果報紙沒賣出去,損失了很多錢。lose“丟失,損失”,符合語境。答案:B18.A.laughedB.shoutedC.noddedD.stared解析:根據(jù)下文可知,這些男孩嘲笑賈森的這種做法。故選A項。答案:AA

24、gentleman at the office came up and patted Jasons shoulder 19.“Youre just the boy I am looking for.”A week later Jason started his new 20.He lost the sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie,but got a well-paid job because he told the truth. 本文為記敘文。一個貧窮的小男孩賣報卻因不愿撒謊欺騙讀者而遭遇失敗和他人的嘲弄。但他的誠實卻

25、為他贏得了一份高薪的工作。19.A.bravelyB.gratefully C.fondlyD.modestly解析:根據(jù)下文“Youre just the boy I am looking for.”可知此人很欣賞賈森的誠實,因此慈愛地拍著他的肩膀。fondly“慈愛地,憐愛地”,符合語境。答案:C20.A.duty B.business C.jobD.method解析:根據(jù)下文“.but got a well-paid job.”可知,此處表示“一周后,賈森開始了他的新工作”。故選C項。答案:CBJoe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first peop

26、le to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.They reached the top 1,but on their way back conditions were very 2.1.A.hurriedlyB.carefullyC.successfullyD.early解析:根據(jù)空后的“but on their way back.”可推知他們成功登頂,故選successfully。答案:C2.A.difficultB.similarC.specialD.normal解析:由空后的“Joe fell a

27、nd broke his leg.”可推知當(dāng)時的氣候條件一定很糟糕,故選difficult。答案:AJoe fell and broke his leg.They both knew that if Simon 3 alone,he would probably get back 4.3.A.climbedB.workedC.restedD.continued解析:上句提到了喬失足摔下,故此處用continued表示“他們兩個都知道,如果西蒙獨自繼續(xù)下山”。答案:D4.A.unwillinglyB.safelyC.slowlyD.regretfully解析:此處用safely表示“他大概能夠安

28、全地返回”。答案:BBut Simon decided to risk his 5 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(繩). As they 6 down,the weather got worse.Then another 7 occurred.5.A.fortuneB.time C.healthD.life解析:fortune“運氣,財富”;time“時間”;health“健康”;life“生命”。此處用life表示“但是西蒙決定拿自己的生命去冒險”。答案:D6.A.layB.settled C.wentD.looked解析:

29、此處用went表示“當(dāng)他們下山的時候,天氣變得更加糟糕”。答案:C7.A.damageB.storm C.changeD.trouble解析:由上句中的“the weather got worse”可知,另外的麻煩出現(xiàn)了,故選trouble。答案:DThey couldnt see or hear each other and,8,Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice(峭壁).It was9 for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up.8.A.by mistakeB.b

30、y chanceC.by choiceD.by luck解析:由于上句提到了“They couldnt see or hear each other”,所以此處應(yīng)選擇by mistake,表示“他錯誤地把他的朋友降到了峭壁的邊緣”。答案:A9.A.unnecessaryB.practicalC.importantD.impossible解析:由上句的“l(fā)owered his friend over the edge of a precipice(峭壁)”可知,對喬來說,爬回來或者西蒙把他拽回來是不可能的,故選D項。答案:DJoes 10 was pulling Simon slowly tow

31、ards the precipice.11,after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold,10.A.heightB.weightC.strengthD.equipment解析:由于喬在峭壁的邊緣,所以他的體重把西蒙也慢慢地拉向了峭壁。故選B項。答案:B11.A.FinallyB.PatientlyC.SurelyD.Quickly解析:由“after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold”可知,此處用Finally表示“最終,”。答案:Aafter more than an ho

32、ur in the dark and the icy cold,Simon had to 12.In tears,he cut the rope.Joe 13 into a huge crevasse(裂縫) in the ice below.12.A.stand backB.take a restC.make a decision D.hold on解析:此處用make a decision表示“西蒙不得不下決心,割斷繩子”。答案:C13.A.jumpedB.fellC.escapedD.backed解析:既然西蒙把繩子割斷了,所以喬掉進了下面一個巨大的冰縫里。故選fell。答案:BHe h

33、ad no food or water and he was in terrible pain.He couldnt walk,but he 14 to get out of the crevasse and started to 15 towards their camp,nearly ten kilometers 16. 14.A.managedB.planned C.waitedD.hoped解析:由上句的“He couldnt walk”以及空前的but可知此處用managed表示“他設(shè)法從裂縫中出去”。答案:A15.A.runB.skate C.moveD.march解析:由短文第一

34、段內(nèi)容可知,此處應(yīng)選擇move表示“朝他們的營地移動”。答案:C16.A.aroundB.away C.aboveD.along解析:表示“他們的營地在接近10千米遠的地方”要用away。答案:BSimon had 17 the camp at the foot of the mountain.He thought that Joe must be 18,17.A.headed forB.traveled toC.left forD.returned to解析:head for“前往”;travel to“到去”;leave for“動身去”;return to“回到”。此處用returned

35、 to表示“西蒙已經(jīng)回到了山腳下的營地”。答案:D18.A.dead B.hurtC.weakD.late解析:由空后的“but he didnt want to leave”可知此處應(yīng)選擇dead與該段最后的alive呼應(yīng),表示“他認為喬一定死了”。答案:Abut he didnt want to leave 19.Three days later,in the middle of the night,he heard Joes voice.He couldnt 20 it.Joe was there,a few meters from their tent,still alive. 喬和西

36、蒙是首批登上安第斯山脈最高峰的人,但在下山時,由于氣候條件的變化,喬失足摔下,雖然摔斷了一條腿,但三天后西蒙在距他們帳篷幾米遠的地方聽到了喬的聲音。19.A.secretlyB.tiredly C.immediatelyD.anxiously解析:此處用immediately表示“他不想馬上離開”。答案:C20.A.find B.believe C.makeD.accept解析:此處用believe表示“他不敢相信這件事情是真的:喬就在距離他們的帳篷幾米遠的地方,仍然活著”。答案:B【文體攻略】議論文是一種剖析事理、論述事物、發(fā)表見解或提出主張的說理性文章。議論文的目的不僅是客觀地解釋事物,還

37、力圖說服讀者相信并接受某一觀點。議論文是高考完形填空題中較難的一種體裁,它一般由三個要素組成:論點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。做好這類題的關(guān)鍵在于要抓住作者的論點。議論文中對于論點的提出通常有三種形式:1.開門見山,直接提出論點在有些議論文中作者開頭就提出論點,通過論證,最后提出自己的看法,或提出另一個話題供大家討論。一般來說,這種形式的議論文,作者態(tài)度明確,我們也能很容易地把握作者對某一件事的看法。2.導(dǎo)入式提出論點在有些議論文中作者并不是直接提出自己的觀點,而是通過對某一現(xiàn)象的論述來贊揚或批評某一事物,進而提出自己的觀點,然后再用具體的論據(jù)去證明自己的觀點。3.水到渠成式得出結(jié)論在有些議論文中作者開頭只

38、是列舉一系列生活中的現(xiàn)象,而不是表明自己的觀點,通過對具體現(xiàn)象的分析,最后自然得出結(jié)論,而此結(jié)論就是文章的論點。議論文形式的完形填空不像記敘文形式的完形填空那么有情景。因此,我們對整個文章的把握相對來說也難得多。解答這類題要遵循下列原則:1.從首尾句入手,抓住中心議論文的寫作思路一般為:提出問題分析問題解決問題。因此,文章的第一、二句話通常為文章的主題句,而文章的結(jié)尾句常為文章的結(jié)論。由此可見,我們必須充分利用文章的首尾句,推測出文章的中心,從而理解全文。2.緊扣信息詞,把握作者觀點考生要弄清文章的行文邏輯,如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、指代關(guān)系等。有時文章的第一、二段并

39、不是作者的觀點,而是對某個事物的介紹或描述,然后用信息詞,如but,however,yet等將自己的觀點引出,因此,閱讀時一定要特別留意這些信息詞。3.從語境入手,確定邏輯關(guān)系句與句之間總要反映出因果、假設(shè)、條件、類推等邏輯關(guān)系。這些邏輯關(guān)系常常通過on the one hand,on the other hand,as a result,as a consequence,on the contrary,above all,first of all,secondly,finally,in case等單詞或短語表達出來。但有時作者并不使用這些單詞或短語,而是將邏輯關(guān)系暗含于文章中,這就需要考生根

40、據(jù)語境來確定邏輯關(guān)系。4.理清文章的論點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論如果我們連論點、論據(jù)、結(jié)論都沒把握住的話,只能是漫無目的地選擇答案了。一般說來,能說明論點的答案可以在論據(jù)里得到印證,且作為論點的某些答案也可以與論據(jù)有機地結(jié)合起來,使論點與論據(jù)相輔相成,從而使整篇文章上下一致。如果我們所選的答案前后矛盾,論點與論據(jù)相悖,最后的結(jié)論與論點自相矛盾,那就說明我們對文章的把握缺乏條理性和系統(tǒng)性,我們就需重新來理順文章的各部分,直到條理清楚為止,然后再根據(jù)自己對文章的把握及各部分的邏輯關(guān)系選出答案?！镜淅痉丁?One of the easiest things in the world is to become

41、a fault-finder.However,life can be 36 when you are not busy finding fault with it. Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry,who described herself as a world-class fault-finder,almost always 38 by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her,and 39 was ever good enough

42、.She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really 40 person. Unfortunately,it took a horrible accident to change her 41.Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43,Kerry had visited her fri

43、end and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44 of boyfriends,the way she was living,the way she related to her mother,and various other things she felt she needed to 45.It wasnt until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault.Very quickly,she learned to appreciat

44、e life rather than to 47 everything so harshly(刻薄).She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well. Perhaps most of us arent extreme at fault-finding,49 when were honest,we can be sharply 50of the world.Im not suggesting you 51 problems,or that you pretend things are 52 than

45、 they are,but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are53most of the time,and especially when its not a really big 54. Train yourself to “bite your tongue”,and with a little 55,youll get really good at letting things go.And when you do,youll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.

46、36.A.lonely B.great C.quiet D.uneasy37.A.receivedB.answered C.expected D.rejected38.A.threatenedB.interrupted C.bothered D.spoiled39.A.anythingB.everythingC.something D.nothing40.A.caringB.boringC.interesting D.surprising41.A.attitudeB.plan C.measure D.explanation42.A.urgentB.unnecessaryC.certain D.

47、impossible43.A.occasionB.eventC.accident D.adventure44.A.memoryB.noticeC.evidence D.choice45.A.hear B.contributeC.express D.admit46.A.aware of B.afraid of C.curious about D.confused about47.A.discussB.realizeC.judge D.settle48.A.familyB.life C.career D.education49.A.so B.or C.but D.for 50.A.proud B.

48、sure C.hopeful D.critical51.A.face B.createC.solve D.ignore52.A.rarer B.better C.stranger D.worse53.A.at least B.at lastC.by far D.so far54.A.task B.deal C.result D.duty55.A.practice B.speech C.rest D.pity 本文為議論文。作者首先提出了生活中很多人喜歡吹毛求疵這個問題,然后通過一個具體的事例說明吹毛求疵這個習(xí)慣的危害,接下來作者表明自己的態(tài)度和看法,最后給出建議,告訴讀者,順其自然,生活會更美

49、好。36.B該句與文章最后一句互相照應(yīng)。根據(jù)句首的however一詞可知,此處表示如果你不是一個總忙著吹毛求疵的人,那么生活可以很美好。37.A根據(jù)后面的定語從句“who described herself.”可知,此處說明,作者在幾年前收到了一封信。38.C根據(jù)下文的句子“People were always doing things that annoyed her.”可知,這位17歲的女孩是一個吹毛求疵的人,周圍的小事總是令她感覺煩擾。39.D根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容可知,因為Kerry是一個凡事過分挑剔的人,她對一切總是感覺不滿意,所以在她眼里沒有什么東西是足夠好的。40.B根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,K

50、erry不但對自己苛刻,而且對朋友們也十分挑剔,結(jié)合常識可知,久而久之,她成為一個令人討厭的人。41.A根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句內(nèi)容可知,Kerry最終改變了自己的態(tài)度,遺憾的是,她的改變源自于一件不幸的事情。42.D根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,事情難以忍受的地方在于就在事故發(fā)生之前的那天,Kerry剛好去拜訪了她的這位朋友,并對朋友進行了一番批評。impossible在此處意為“難以忍受的,無希望的”。43.C根據(jù)該段的第一句內(nèi)容可知,此處指的就是那個可怕的意外事故。44.DKerry在拜訪朋友的過程中一直在批評對方,包括其對男朋友的選擇、生活方式等等。其他名詞不符合語境。45.C根據(jù)整個句子的內(nèi)容可知,

51、Kerry把自己想要表達的想法統(tǒng)統(tǒng)說了出來,一點兒也不考慮對方的感受。46.A根據(jù)下面兩句話的內(nèi)容可知,Kerry在朋友受傷之后才開始意識到自己愛挑剔的習(xí)慣有多么糟糕。become aware of “開始意識到”。47.C很快,Kerry改變了態(tài)度,她學(xué)會了感激人生而不是對一切進行刻薄的評判。discuss“討論”;realize“意識到”;settle“解決”,均不符合語境。48.BKerry意識到了自己的問題所在,她積極進行改正,并把她的新的智慧遷移到人生的其他方面。前面一句出現(xiàn)的life一詞是提示信息。此外,文章第一段和最后一段也分別出現(xiàn)了life一詞。49.C前后兩句在內(nèi)容上構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折

52、關(guān)系,所以用but一詞連接。或許我們大多數(shù)人都不是極端挑剔的人,但是當(dāng)我們坦誠(看待事物)時,我們可能對這個世界極為挑剔和不滿。50.Dbe critical of是固定搭配,意為“對批評或不滿”,符合語境。51.D根據(jù)下文or后面的句子可知,作者并不是建議人們忽視問題的存在。52.B作者既不是讓人們忽視問題的存在也不是讓人們假裝認為事情比本來的樣子要好,只是希望人們學(xué)會接受事情本來的樣子。53.A破折號后面的句子對前面的內(nèi)容進行了補充,說明作者希望至少大多數(shù)時候,特別是面對不是很大的事情的時候,人們不要過于苛刻和挑剔。54.Ba big deal在此處意為“重要事件;大事”,作者希望人們不必

53、小題大做,事事苛責(zé)。55.A作者在文章最后提出建議:訓(xùn)練自己“閉嘴,忍住不說”,經(jīng)過一段時間的練習(xí),你就會習(xí)慣于順其自然?！疚恼陆Y(jié)構(gòu)】ASince finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford,Ive watched one friend after another land high-ranking,high-paying Wall Street jobs.As executives(高級管理人員)with banks,consulting firms,established law firms,and major corporations,many

54、are now 1on their way to impressive careers.1.A.much B.never C.seldom D.well解析:作者的朋友們接受過高等教育,算是社會的精英分子,他們在各大公司做得風(fēng)生水起,完全處于通往令人贊嘆的職業(yè)生涯的途中。well此處表示程度,意為“完全地,徹底地”。答案:DBy societys 2,they seem to have it made. On the surface,these people seem to be very lucky in life.As they left student life behind,many

55、had a 3 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar,2.A.policiesB.standardsC.experimentsD.regulations解析:作者的這些朋友,依照社會的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量,似乎很容易獲取成功。句中的have it made意為“有成功的把握,很容易辦到”。答案:B3.A.lastB.leastC.secondD.best解析:根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,因為這些人獲得了成功,他們不可能再去那些低檔次的地方消費,所以他們在廉價但氣氛友好的當(dāng)?shù)鼐瓢勺詈笠淮魏染啤４鸢?Ashook hands with longtime roommat

56、es,and 4out of small apartments into high buildings.They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 5a college years monthly rent.They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars. 4.A.cycledB.movedC.slid D.looked解析:move out of意為“脫離,擺脫”,此處指的是作者的這些朋友從小的公寓里搬出

57、來,住進了高樓里。答案:B5.A.sharedB.paid C.equaledD.collected解析:此處描述朋友們奢侈的生活方式,他們預(yù)訂座位的飯店飯菜昂貴,一瓶酒的價格等同于大學(xué)里一個月的房租。答案:CThe thing is,a number of them have 6that despite their success,they arent happy.Some 7of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they 8.6.A.advertisedB.witness

58、ed C.admittedD.demanded解析:問題是,他們中的一些人承認,雖然他們成功了,但是他們并不快樂。答案:C7.A.complainB.dream C.hearD.approve解析:complain of是固定短語,意為“抱怨”,他們抱怨同事們不友好。答案:A8.A.distributeB.hate C.applaudD.neglect解析:根據(jù)前面的feel sad for可知,這些工作是他們不喜歡做的,所以他們對一天八小時的工作感到煩惱。答案:BSome do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeli

59、ng tired and 9.However,instead of devoting themselves to their work,they find themselves working to support the 10to9.A.calmB.guilty C.warmD.empty解析:此處繼續(xù)描述那些成功人士的煩惱,一些人不尊重他們效力的公司,說自己感到厭倦和空虛。答案:D10.A.familyB.government C.lifestyleD.project解析:然而,這些人不是全身心地投入工作,他們發(fā)覺自己工作的目的只是為了維持那種他們很快就習(xí)慣了的生活方式。答案:Cwhich

60、 they have so quickly become 11. People often speak of trying a more satisfying path,and 12in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to11.A.accustomedB.appointed C.uniqueD.available解析:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),to which they have so quickly become accustomed是定語從句,修飾lifestyle。become accustomed to是固定短語,意為“習(xí)慣于,對變得習(xí)以為?！?。答案

61、:A12.A.yetB.also C.insteadD.rather解析:人們經(jīng)常說嘗試一種更令人滿意的道路,可是最終,人們只是說說而已,沒有人真的舍棄一切,改變固有的生活模式。yet 意為“可是”。答案:Awork for something they 13or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion:its 14.13.A.let outB.turn inC.give upD.believe in

62、解析:有些人想過放棄自己的工作去為他們信仰的某些事情而工作,或者找到一個讓他們有更多時間陪伴家人的職位。答案:D14.A.fundamentalB.practicalC.impossibleD.unforgettable解析:上述的內(nèi)容只是停留在很多人的想象中,最終,他們得出相同的結(jié)論:這是不可能的事情。答案:CThey have loans,bills,a mortgage(抵押貸款) to 15,retirement to save for.They recognize theres something 16in their lives,15.A.take offB.drop offC.p

63、ut offD.pay off解析:人們的美好想法最終敗給了現(xiàn)實:他們需要支付貸款、賬單,他們要付清抵押貸款,他們要為退休后的生活攢錢。答案:D16.A.missingB.inspiringC.sinkingD.shining解析:他們意識到在生活中某些東西失去了,但是脫離原有的生活軌道是很難的事情。答案:Abut its 17 to step off the track. In a society that tends to 18everything in terms of dollars and cents,17.A.harmfulB.hardC.usefulD.normal解析:根據(jù)上文

64、內(nèi)容可知,現(xiàn)實生活中的人們,總是為生計所累,不可能說走就走,說離開就離開,所以脫離原有的生活軌道是不容易做到的。答案:B18.A.measureB.sufferC.digestD.deliver解析:我們現(xiàn)在生活的社會是以金錢來衡量一切的,所以我們從很小的時候就學(xué)會了從金錢的角度去考慮我們做出的決定的經(jīng)濟成本。答案:Awe learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 19in financial terms.But what about the personal and social costs 20 in pursuing mone

65、y over meaning?These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignoreand the very ones we need to consider most. 本文為議論文。作者周圍的很多朋友事業(yè)有成,生活奢侈,外表光鮮亮麗,但是他們并不快樂。他們在內(nèi)心里希望改變自己,開始新的人生,但是迫于生活的壓力,或者說由于覺得不合算,他們只能得過且過,無聊空虛地打發(fā)時光。19.A.disastersB.motivationsC.campaignsD.decisions解析:根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,很多人之所以放棄自己的決定,就是

66、覺得不合算,這個“合算”當(dāng)然是從金錢的角度來衡量的。答案:D20.A.assessedB.involvedC.coveredD.reduced解析:involved in作后置定語,修飾costs,意為“卷入,涉及”。作者反問:卷入到金錢至上中的個人成本和社會成本怎么計算呢?答案:BBIn our modern world,when something wears out,we throw it away and buy a new one.The 1is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 2 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before. 1.A.keyB.reason C.projectD.problem解析:表語從句是對空格中所填詞的解釋。從下句可知,人們?nèi)拥舻睦絹碓蕉?這是個問題。因此用problem符合句意。答案:D2.A.giftsB.rubbishC.debtD.products解析:mountains of意