（浙江專用）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大一輪新優(yōu)化復(fù)習(xí) 考點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化練38 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 新人教版選修8

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1、 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2018·浙江溫州一模) In today’s households where both parents go to work and kids have busy schedules with school,homework and many afternoon activities,finding time for a gathering at the table seems all but impossible.Yet,studies have shown time and again t

2、hat eating together has multiple benefits for family members,especially children. According to reports issued by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASA),children who eat more with their family are at lower risk of developing poor eating habits,weight probl

3、ems or alcohol dependencies.They tend to perform better academically than those who frequently eat alone.Family meals came into American life in the mid-20th century.In the 60’s and 70’s,social,economic and technological changes quickly dissolved the short-lived way of family meals. Restaurant visit

4、s,take-out and TV dinners have since become the norm (常態(tài)).? There are indications,however,that the old customs are coming back.According to the latest CASA reports,59% of surveyed families said they ate dinner together at least five times a week,a significant increase from 47% in 1998.Whatever driv

5、es this trend,it is a development that should be welcomed. Eating together as a family is not just about food and nutrition.It is about teaching them how to become members of their society and culture.Food has become so easily and cheaply available that we no longer appreciate its significance.We h

6、ave to rediscover its importance and its value.Sharing a meal with loved ones should be considered a special event,which can almost take on the form of a ceremony,as it was practiced by our ancestors for whom finding food was a constant struggle. Of course,there is no guarantee that the simple act

7、of eating at home surrounded by family may make children more virtuous or socially more responsible.But it can lay the groundwork for a lot of things that point them in the right direction. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明,家庭聚餐對(duì)家庭成員,尤其是孩子的成長(zhǎng)很重要。家庭聚餐不但可以幫助孩子養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣,還能教給他們很多做人的道理。 1.What does the underlined se

8、ntence suggest? A.This practice of family meals started to change. B.Dining at home would enjoy great popularity. C.The society was to develop at a rapid speed. D.Americans would attach importance to take-out. 答案A 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后三句可知,家庭聚餐在20世紀(jì)中葉進(jìn)入美國(guó)家庭,但在六七十年代開始發(fā)生了變化,然后餐館及外賣等就餐方式開始盛行。故選A項(xiàng)。 2

9、.What is the writer’s attitude towards eating together as a family? A.Favorable.　　　　　　B.Disapproving. C.Reserved. D.Objective. 答案A 解析意圖態(tài)度題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,作者多次提到家庭聚餐對(duì)孩子的身體健康、生活習(xí)慣以及素質(zhì)修養(yǎng)等方面都有好處,所以作者對(duì)此的態(tài)度應(yīng)當(dāng)是贊成的。故選A項(xiàng)。 3.From the passage we learn our ancestors possibly 　　　　　　.? A.valued the education of c

10、hildren B.liked struggling with each other C.cared much about food nutrition D.appreciated the importance of food 答案D 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“as it was practiced by our ancestors for whom finding food was a constant struggle”可知,對(duì)祖先們而言,食物來(lái)之不易,故可推知,他們能體會(huì)到食物的重要性。故選D項(xiàng)。 4.Which of the following can be th

11、e best title for the passage? A.Good Eating Habits Matter B.Family Dinners Benefit Kids C.Meals Take on New Meanings D.Old Customs Are Coming Back 答案B 解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容,尤其是第一段中的“studies have shown time and again that eating together has multiple benefits for family members,especially children”可知,

12、文章主要分析了家庭聚餐能給孩子帶來(lái)的若干好處。故選B項(xiàng)。 B India now leads the world in smartphone growth.It saw a 55% increase in the number of smartphones in 2014.The number of Web users increased by 37%.Smartphones were the source of 65% of its Internet traffic and 41% of its e-commerce,according to a report by the anal

13、yst Mary Meeker,titled “Internet Trends 2015”. India’s Internet boom has started.Within three or four years,almost every adult in India will own a smartphone.They will be used to order goods,read news,monitor crop growth and so on. Indian adults will be very interested in these devices just as you

14、ng Americans are.87% of Americans between the ages of 18 and 34 who own smartphones say they never separate from these: “My smartphone never leaves my side.” Four out of five say that the first thing they do on waking is to reach for their smartphones.And three fifths believe that in the next five y

15、ears everything will be done on mobile devices. In the business world,the rise of mobile platforms is dramatically transforming many industries all over the world.What Indian software developers have to do is start thinking about solutions to old problems by using all the features of these new devi

16、ces.They need to take advantage of the unique properties of smartphones and tablets.As Indian software developers and enterprises master the smartphone,they will be able to export their solutions to the rest of the world. This will make possible a new tech revolution that is greater than what creat

17、ed India’s IT industry in the 1980s and 1990s.We can expect the rapid transformation of India when a billion people become connected and have equal access to information and services. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】近年來(lái),印度智能手機(jī)發(fā)展迅猛,因此可以預(yù)見它的下一次技術(shù)革命即將到來(lái)。 5.Loads of numbers are used in Paragraph 1 to show 　　　.? A.India’s smar

18、tphones increase most rapidly in the world B.India has the most advanced IT industry in the world C.India will be a superpower pretty soon D.India will export new smartphones to the rest of the world 答案A 解析推理判斷題。由第一段“India now leads the world in smartphone growth.It saw a 55% increase in the nu

19、mber of smartphones in 2014...”可知,數(shù)據(jù)表明了印度智能手機(jī)的快速發(fā)展。 6.What will most young Americans do first the moment they wake up? A.Read news. B.Shop online. C.Get their smartphones. D.Check e-mails. 答案C 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Four out of five say that the first thing they do on waking is to reach for their smartph

20、ones.”可以看出:五分之四的美國(guó)年輕人醒來(lái)第一件事就是拿手機(jī),由此可知答案。 7.Which can be the best title of the text? A.More people,more smartphones B.No dream,every Indian owns a smartphone C.At hand,India’s next tech revolution D.A small smartphone,a big use 答案C 解析主旨大意題。結(jié)合上下文及最后一段“This will make possible a new tech revoluti

21、on that...”可知,作者認(rèn)為印度即將到來(lái)下一場(chǎng)技術(shù)革命。故選C項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.七選五 How to Pick a Great Book to Read The world is full of great books,just waiting to be read.How can you pick one you’ll really like?Here are some tips: ·What makes you happy? 1.　　　Are you really into dinosaurs or dogs or a specific person?Are there a fe

22、w careers you’re interested in?You can find books about almost anything you like,and you’re more likely to enjoy reading a book if you’re already interested in its subject.? ·Fact or fiction? Some books are entirely made up and imagined.Those are called fiction books.Novels,short stories are all e

23、xamples of fiction.These books can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experience. Nonfiction books give you the who,what,when,and why.2.　　　 Nonfiction books can bring to life everything from the first trip to the moon to what it’s like to explore the deepes

24、t oceans.Try both fiction and nonfiction books to see which you like better.? ·Find a family favorite. What was your mother’s favorite book when she was your age?Or your dad’s?3.　　　 Then you can talk about what they liked about it and share your thoughts.It’s a fun way to get to know your family a

25、 little better,and to find a book you’ll enjoy!? ·Ask an expert. 4.　　　Tell a librarian about your interests—rock stars,sports teams,historical events,whatever you’re into—and the names of some books you already like.Your librarian can help you find other books that you’re sure to love.? ·Launch a

26、 book swap. 5.　　　It’s always fun to see what your friends are reading.Even if they’re not exactly bookworms,you can all encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like.You also can look for book swaps in your area.It’s a great way to build your personal library for free!? A.Ask t

27、hem and give it a read. B.Many of them read novels from start to finish. C.Why not get some friends together and trade favorite books? D.If you have a favorite hobby,look for books about that activity. E.They tell stories using facts—but that doesn’t mean they’re boring. F.Read the passage and

28、decide for yourself whether it seems knowledgeable. G.Your local library is a great place to find books that you’ll love,and you don’t have to search all by yourself. 答案與解析 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。書籍是人類的精神食糧,世界上到處都能看到各種各樣的書籍,文章就如何選擇一本好書來(lái)閱讀提出了一些建議。 1.D　根據(jù)第二段可知,你可以找與你感興趣的事物相關(guān)的書籍來(lái)閱讀,它們會(huì)讓你得到快樂(lè);由此可知,D項(xiàng)“如果你有喜歡

29、的愛好,就找與這個(gè)愛好有關(guān)的書籍來(lái)閱讀”與下文內(nèi)容照應(yīng),符合語(yǔ)境。故D項(xiàng)正確。 2.E　根據(jù)該部分小標(biāo)題“Fact or fiction?”并結(jié)合第三、四兩段內(nèi)容可知,該部分對(duì)比介紹了小說(shuō)類書籍和非小說(shuō)類書籍的區(qū)別。上文提到,非小說(shuō)類書籍會(huì)告訴你人物、事件、時(shí)間和原因,這些都是事實(shí)。E項(xiàng)意為“非小說(shuō)類書籍用事實(shí)講故事,但這并不意味著它們是枯燥乏味的”承接上文話題,符合語(yǔ)境。 3.A　根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Find a family favorite.”并結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知,找一本家人喜歡的書,問(wèn)問(wèn)父母,他們像你這個(gè)年齡時(shí)喜歡讀哪些書;下文提到,然后你就能夠談?wù)撍麄兿矚g的內(nèi)容并與他們分享你的觀點(diǎn)。A

30、項(xiàng)意為“問(wèn)問(wèn)他們,并找來(lái)閱讀”,承上啟下,符合語(yǔ)境。 4.G　根據(jù)下文“Tell a librarian about your interests...”可知,你可以向圖書管理員求助,讓他們幫你找到你喜歡的書;由此可知,G 項(xiàng)“你當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館是個(gè)尋找你喜歡的書的好地方,你也不用自己查找”與下文話題聯(lián)系緊密,符合語(yǔ)境。 5.C　根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Launch a book swap.”可知,該段主要講述組織書本交換活動(dòng)?？崭窈笾v“看看你朋友正在讀的書也是很有趣的”;由此可知,C 項(xiàng)“為什么不能和朋友一起交換有趣的圖書呢?”與下文話題銜接密切,符合語(yǔ)境。 Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作 (2018·浙江)

31、 假定你是李華,你校英語(yǔ)協(xié)會(huì)招聘志愿者,接待來(lái)訪的國(guó)外中學(xué)生。請(qǐng)你寫信應(yīng)聘,內(nèi)容包括: 1.口語(yǔ)能力; 2.相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn); 3.應(yīng)聘目的。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。 ? ? ? ? 參考范文 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua,a senior 3 student.I am writing to apply for the volunteer to receive the students from foreign countries. I think I am equal to the job.First

32、ly,I have a good command of oral English,which enables me to communicate with foreign students with great ease.Besides,my previous experience as a volunteer may help me settle the potential problems in the process.I’m fully convinced that through this I can learn more about their lifestyles and convey to them the extensive and profound Chinese culture. If chosen,I will devote my energy and time to the job.Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 6