2021版新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)提能練43-44 北師大版

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1、課時(shí)提能練43-44 課時(shí)提能練(四十三) 選修8　Unit 22　Environmental Protection(A) 課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面 Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．What on earth led you to_change (change) your mind at last? 2．The mother sacrificed many things to_get (get) her daughter a good education. 3．Given (give) another hour，I can also work out the problem. 4．Havin

2、g suffered a lot from wars，people in that area call for an end to wars eagerly. 5．Increased production will，in turn，lead to increased profits. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．Only by this mean can we master English.mean→means 2．Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat with navigation.with→to 3．We must obey the p

3、rinciple all men are innocent until they are proved guilty. principle后加that 4．The policeman seized the thief by his arm immediately.his→the 5．Having trapped in the traffic jam for hours，he became impatient. Having后加been Ⅲ.選詞成篇 A in turn，beyond one's control，result in，look ahead，take action，a

4、number of，or else Humans have damaged the environment in 1.a_number_of aspects，which 2.in_turn has influenced our life.Besides this，it is 3.beyond_our_control.I think we humans should be responsible for it.4.Looking_ahead，it is time for us to 5.take_action；6.or_else，it would 7.result_in greater dam

5、age. B With more and more factories built in my hometown，a lot of agricultural land has been 8.carried_off，which has 9.led_to a rise in product prices.10.Apart_from this，the air and rivers have been heavily polluted.Obviously，the factories should 11.answer_for the consequences.So 12.on_behalf_of

6、 the villagers' benefit，the local government has decided to 13.call_for_an_end_to the factories' illegal behaviors. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．Given_her_interest_in_children(考慮到她對(duì)孩子的興趣)，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her. 2．The girl always refers_to_the_reference_books_as (把她的參考書(shū)稱(chēng)作)her good friends and

7、helpers. 3．Your explanation has led_me_to_a_clear_understanding_of_it(使我清楚地了解了此事)． 4．It_is_our_turn_to (輪到我們?nèi)?look after our families since we have grown up. 5．My mother encouraged me and insisted that I (should)_continue_my_ education(繼續(xù)我的教育)． 課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·長(zhǎng)春市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)一)Pangolins(穿山甲

8、) are strange-looking creatures，covered with hard scales(鱗)．They can roll up into a ball to protect themselves from enemies and have tongues that are longer than their bodies. Pangolins have recently become the focus of Chinese people.A screenshot of a microblog post showing some people eating pang

9、olins at a feast spread.A few days later，people were angered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals，including pangolins. Yet this is only the tip of the iceberg.Many more pangolins have been hunted or killed.According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)，m

10、ore than 1 million of them have been killed or sold in the last 10 years.It also said that they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world.In September 2016，the IUCN added the pangolin to the world's “endangered animals list”．They are now more endangered than pandas. A growing trade of thei

11、r scales and meat is the main reason for their decline in number.Many people in Asia and Africa consider pangolin meat is delicious.Some people even think pangolin scales have medical qualities.However，their scales are made of keratin(角蛋白)，the same material human fingernails are made of. Luckily，th

12、e situation is getting better.World Pangolin Day is on the third Saturday of February each year.It's a day to help people know more about pangolins.The government now stops anyone from buying and eating pangolins in China.Breaking this law is regarded as a crime，and the trade of pangolins across the

13、 world is also not allowed，according to the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文闡述了穿山甲瀕臨滅絕的現(xiàn)狀，以及為保護(hù)穿山甲而采取的舉措。 1．Pangolins have caught people's attention these years because ________. A．they look strange B．they appear in some movies C．they are kill

14、ed and eaten by people D．they have something to do with pandas C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“attention”和“these years”，我們把答案定位在第二段。該段開(kāi)頭說(shuō)，穿山甲近來(lái)成為中國(guó)人關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)，然后提到一張屏幕截圖和一些圖片里，穿山甲成為人們的盤(pán)中珍饈，這與C項(xiàng)的描述是一致的。] 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Pangolins can roll up into a ball to attack enemies. B．More than 1 mil

15、lion pangolins were killed or sold last year. C．Pangolins were named the most endangered animal in 2016. D．The pangolin is a kind of mammals. D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，尤其是“they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world”可知，穿山甲是一種哺乳動(dòng)物。故選D項(xiàng)。] 3．The real aim of World Pangolin Day may be to ________.

16、 A．a(chǎn)ttract people to the zoo to watch pangolins B．lift people's awareness of protecting pangolins C．remind people of pangolins' medical value D．explain the law to people B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的“World Pangolin Day”，我們把答案定位在最后一段。該段主要陳述為保護(hù)穿山甲而采取的舉措，而這個(gè)節(jié)日能讓人們更多地了解穿山甲，從而提高人們保護(hù)穿山甲的意識(shí)，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。] 4．What might

17、be the author's attitude towards the measures taken to protect pangolins? A．Positive.　　 B．Negative. C．Disappointed. D．Unconcerned. A　[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，中國(guó)政府禁止任何人購(gòu)買(mǎi)和食用穿山甲，世界各地也禁止買(mǎi)賣(mài)穿山甲，局面正在好轉(zhuǎn)，由此可推知作者覺(jué)得這些措施是有效的，因此選A。] B (2019·江西省三名校聯(lián)考)When I was three years old，I couldn't speak.It was a strange rea

18、lity that none of the doctors I visited could understand. One day，I was shadowing(尾隨) my mother.She found herself looking in a mirror，and through it our eyes met.She began to speak to me through the reflection，and I slowly began to mimic(模仿) her mouth's movements until I formed a word. It turned o

19、ut that I'm deaf in my left ear，and have a slight problem in my right.Being hard of hearing has been difficult，but I've never lived in a state of self-hating sorrow.Imagine being able to shut out all sound as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side.That's my reality when

20、 I sleep on my “good ear”，and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes. People call my deaf side my “bad ear”， but when I wear my hearing aid，I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don't.In cinemas，for example，with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as thoug

21、h it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors. Owning a hearing aid hasn't always felt good，however.On the first day I got my aid，when I was eight，I took it to school for show and tell.As I explained how it worked to my classmates，a boy yelled out，“Aren't those for old men？” At that momen

22、t，I felt different.It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers. But it's not just schoolkids who can make us deaf and hard-of-hearing people feel like burdens.Every video on social media that lacks subtitles(字幕)，for example，means an entire community of deaf people

23、is unable to enjoy it.Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too，as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find. And with hearing aids costing around $2,500 each，it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to things that others take for granted.As for

24、 me，I can listen to music，enjoy films，and catch conversations—I'm lucky.I'm deaf，but I can still hear everything.I've been blessed with wonderful life experiences，and I am human.And when it comes to sleeping，I'm even superhuman. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主要講述了作者積極應(yīng)對(duì)自己聽(tīng)力障礙的勵(lì)志故事。 5．How does the author view his heari

25、ng difficulty? A．It's a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble. B．It gave him a chance to experience something special. C．It made him feel embarrassed in front of his classmates. D．It helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted. B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)對(duì)第三段的整體理解，尤其是最后一句“That's my reality

26、 when I sleep on my “good ear”， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.”可推知，聽(tīng)力障礙讓作者有了與眾不同的體驗(yàn)，與最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“I've been blessed with wonderful life experiences，and I am human.”呼應(yīng)，故選B。] 6．What can be inferred from the passage about the author? A．He was born deaf. B．He is optimistic and helpful.

27、 C．His family and classmates have supported him a lot. D．The hearing aid brings much convenience to his daily life. D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“People call my deaf side my ‘bad ear’， but when I wear my hearing aid，I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don't.”和對(duì)本段的整體理解可推知，助聽(tīng)器給作者的生

28、活帶來(lái)了諸多便利，故選D。] 7．What is the author's attitude toward his life? A．Grateful. B．Anxious. C．Excited. D．Disappointed. A　[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“As for me，I can listen to music，enjoy films，and catch conversations—I'm lucky.”和第四句“I've been blessed with wonderful life experiences，and I am human.”可推知，作者對(duì)自己的生活充

29、滿感激之情，故選A。] 8．What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage? A．To give advice on life to disabled people. B．To show how difficult life is for disabled people. C．To share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude. D．To show the convenience a hearing aid could bring. C　

30、[寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)對(duì)全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講述了作者積極應(yīng)對(duì)聽(tīng)力障礙的勵(lì)志故事，故選C。] Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019·合肥市第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)) Apologizing the Right Way to a Fiend Why are apologies so difficult? Saying you are sorry can be the most difficult thing you do.But we all make mistakes，so you'll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize.Pe

31、rhaps you had blew up at someone and realized later you reacted poorly.__1__.Whatever the reason，apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation. __2__.First，you acknowledge that you did something wrong.With an apology，you take responsibility for your actions，which allows your fri

32、end to forgive you.Second，an apology gives your sincerity as a friend.__3__， but that doesn't mean we still shouldn't apologize. Now，what are elements of a proper apology? __4__， depending on what the offense was，where it was done，and who you are apologizing to.In general，a good apology should incl

33、ude the following：a request for their attention，an acknowledgment of what happened，sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words “I'm sorry” or “I apologize”．Here are things never to say when apologizing.Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility.Never apologize a

34、s a way to “shut someone up” when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you don't think you did.__5__， you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across.You'll really need to self-reflect so you can see things from your friend's point of vi

35、ew. A．When you make your apology in person B．If you really believe you did nothing wrong C．Apologies benefit friendships in a variety of ways D．The way you apologize is going to be slightly different E．Or maybe you just didn't show support when you needed to F．Apologizing the right way，however

36、，may take a little practice G．Sometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了向朋友道歉的正確方法。 1．E　[根據(jù)空后的“Whatever the reason”可知，空處與空前一句講的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以選項(xiàng)E與語(yǔ)境相符，且選項(xiàng)E中的“maybe”與空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼應(yīng)，故選E。] 2．C　[空處位于段落句首主題句的位置；通讀該段可知，該段主要講的是道歉對(duì)友誼的好處，故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。] 3．G　[根

37、據(jù)空后的“but that doesn't mean we still shouldn't apologize”可知，G項(xiàng)“有時(shí)我們的朋友輕易地就原諒了我們犯的小錯(cuò)誤”符合語(yǔ)境。] 4．D　[根據(jù)空后的“depending on...who you are apologizing to”可知，D項(xiàng)“你道歉的方法要稍微不同”與之銜接自然，故選D項(xiàng)。] 5．B　[根據(jù)空后的“you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across”可知，B項(xiàng)“如

38、果你確實(shí)認(rèn)為你沒(méi)做錯(cuò)什么”與之聯(lián)系緊密，故選B項(xiàng)。] Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 (2019·昆明市摸底調(diào)研)Lions tigers and other animals are staying awake at night 1.________(avoid) human beings，a new study finds. Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature.Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep a

39、way 2.________ people.By being awake at night，animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time 3.________(look) for food. The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can 4.________(fright) animals and cause them to become more active at night. 5._____

40、_ had been studied were lions in Tanzania，tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil. Researchers compared 6.________(careful) how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities，such as hunting and farming.7.________ was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 perc

41、ent in night-time activities，even in creatures that usually sleep at night.Results 8.________(publish) in the journal Science two months ago. The new findings are 9.________(usual) because no one else has looked at it in such detail before.Ecologist Marlee Tucker was 10.________(surprise) that any

42、kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　人類(lèi)活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致許多動(dòng)物在夜間保持清醒以保持警惕狀態(tài)。 1．to avoid　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。獅子、老虎以及其他的動(dòng)物在夜間保持清醒旨在避開(kāi)人類(lèi)。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。] 2．from　[考查固定搭配。keep away from...“遠(yuǎn)離……”，為固定搭配。] 3．looking　[考查固定用法。spend time doing sth.“花時(shí)間做某事”為固定用法。] 4．frighten　[考查動(dòng)詞。最新研究表明，

43、即使像務(wù)農(nóng)和野營(yíng)這樣的活動(dòng)也會(huì)驚嚇到動(dòng)物，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致它們夜間變得更加活躍。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形，故應(yīng)用名詞fright的動(dòng)詞形式frighten。] 5．What　[考查主語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且缺少主語(yǔ)，故用what，意為“……的事物”。] 6．carefully　[考查副詞。修飾句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞compared應(yīng)使用副詞。] 7．It　[考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，去掉was和that之后，句子表意完整，故該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分”。] 8．were published　[考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞publ

44、ish和句子的主語(yǔ)Results是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)two months ago可知，描述的是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。] 9．unusual　[考查形容詞。先前沒(méi)人對(duì)此進(jìn)行過(guò)如此詳細(xì)的研究，所以這些新的發(fā)現(xiàn)顯得不同尋常。] 10．surprised　[考查形容詞。此處為過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)Marlee Tucker的狀態(tài)，故用形容詞surprised。] Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧

45、)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2019·成都市第二次診斷性檢測(cè))Last year，my friend and I went to visit the Yellow Mountain.We carried two backpacks，that turned out to be pretty heavier for the hike.I am not an experiencing hiker and

46、those endless steps make me want to return to the safe and comfortable ground.But my friend encouraged me great.“Look，the top is coming closer and closer.We are almost there.”I pulled me together and kept going.After three-hour exhausting hike to the top，but with wonderful sceneries on the way，we go

47、t to the top finally.For our pleasure，we also found a hotel that looked very much inviting. [答案]　 Last year，my friend and I went to visit the Yellow Mountain.We carried two backpacks， turned out to be pretty for the hike.I am not an hiker and those endless steps me want to return to the safe an

48、d comfortable ground.But my friend encouraged me .“Look，the top is coming closer and closer.We are almost there.” I pulled together and kept going.After three-hour exhausting hike to the top，but with wonderful on the way，we got to the top finally. our pleasure，we also found a hotel that looked ve

49、ry 　much　inviting. 課時(shí)提能練(四十四) 選修8　Unit 22　Environmental Protection(B) 課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面 Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．If you stick to that，you shall answer for the consequences. 2．It is said that he is the only one of the students that was_praised (praise) at the meeting. 3．It's considerate (consider) of the witness t

50、o warm the plate before she serves the food. 4．His nationality isn't relevant to whether he's a good teacher. 5．The book referred (refer) to last time has been sold out. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 6．The newer will be the substitute with me as your English teacher.with→for 7．Pupils should be helped to adapt a posit

51、ive approach to the environment. adapt→adopt 8．They advocate that everyone lives a low carbon life.lives→live 9．“It's such a nice place，”Mother said as she sat at the table serving for customers.serving→served 10．In the past few years thousands of films have produced all over the world. have

52、后加been Ⅲ.完成句子 1．從各方面來(lái)說(shuō)，那都是極大的成功。 All_in_all it had been a great success. 2．你往遠(yuǎn)處看，便可以看見(jiàn)村莊里的燈光。 Look_ahead in the distance，and you can see the lights of the village. 3．我們得采取行動(dòng)來(lái)制止他們。 We have to take_action_to_stop them. 4．他除了臉部和雙手受傷以外，兩條腿也斷了。 Apart_from the injuries to his face and hands，he br

53、oke both legs. 5．保羅的母親因?yàn)樽约簾o(wú)力撫養(yǎng)他，便將他送給別人收養(yǎng)了。 Paul's mother had_him_adopted because she couldn't look after him herself. 課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·太原階段測(cè)試)Diamonds are considered the most famous and valuable jewel in the world.The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of

54、 wealth.Diamonds are made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure.When a volcano is active，it sometimes explodes and causes great damage to the nearby towns. However，at the same time of such a disaster，diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth by a number of great volcanic explo

55、sions millions of years ago.Thus，it may be very likely to find a diamond after a volcanic eruption. Besides，diamonds are also found among the sandy sandstone of certain river beds，and in a few places on the sea floor，for they were washed down the mountain sides by the rain. Diamonds are very rare

56、.There are not many places that produce such precious things in the world.During the last century adventurers from Europe went to Brazil，because they had heard that there were diamonds in the Amazon River.Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests.B

57、ut some returned home rich. The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The_most_recent_and_exciting_discoveries_have_been_made_in_eastern_Russia.But most of the world's diamonds now come from the Congo，from Tanzania，and also from South Africa—which has the largest diamond m

58、ines in the world. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了鉆石的來(lái)源和產(chǎn)地。 1．What do we know about diamonds according to the passage? A．Diamonds are always accompanied by volcanic eruptions. B．Diamonds are created by volcanic eruptions. C．Diamonds are considered as a sign of wealth. D．Diamonds could be always found in

59、 a few riverbanks. C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth.”可知，鉆石被認(rèn)為是財(cái)富的象征。] 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous place producing diamonds? A．The Congo.　　 B．South Africa. C．India. D．Western Europe. D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三、四兩段對(duì)鉆石產(chǎn)地

60、的介紹可知，西歐并不在有名的鉆石產(chǎn)地之列。] 3．What can we know from the third paragraph? A．Diamond mining can be dangerous for the miners. B．Brazil plays a more important role in diamond mining. C．The Amazon River has no large diamond mines nowadays. D．Many miners returned home due to the risks in diamond mining.

61、A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests.”可知，開(kāi)采鉆石對(duì)采礦者來(lái)說(shuō)有可能是危險(xiǎn)的，故A項(xiàng)正確。] 4．What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph? A．Eastern Russia has been famous for diamond mining for a long time. B．The diamond deposit

62、 in eastern Russia wasn't discovered until recently. C．Eastern Russia is not as important as African countries in diamond mining. D．The eastern part of Russia will replace all African countries in diamond mining. B　[句意理解題。畫(huà)線句前一句提到已知的最早的鉆石在印度被發(fā)現(xiàn)，后一句提到現(xiàn)在大部分鉆石來(lái)源于剛果民主共和國(guó)、坦桑尼亞和南非。由此可推知，畫(huà)線句講的應(yīng)是最近在俄羅斯東部

63、發(fā)現(xiàn)了鉆石，故B項(xiàng)“直到最近人們才在俄羅斯東部發(fā)現(xiàn)鉆石礦床”正確。] B (2019·成都第一次診斷)Food blogs，celebrities，and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic(有機(jī)的) fruits and vegetables.But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more complex picture.While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat a

64、nd，in some ways，more sustainable to grow，there are also downsides. Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones.To get a certificate as organic，farmers must meet specific criteria，including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs.Withou

65、t these methods，the growing process typically requires more labor，time，and money，a cost that is passed down to consumers. It's true that in many ways，organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming.But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water los

66、s，the comparison gets complex.Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre.However，because they are barred from using genetic engineering，pesticides(殺蟲(chóng)劑)，and other methods that increase efficiency(效率)，organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms.While there isn't a whole lot of research on the topic，the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms，on a per unit basis，says stu