2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 4 Pygmalion（含解析）新人教版選修8

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1、 Unit 4　Pygmalion 李仕才 【短文語法填空】 The origin of tea is lost among history and tales. What can be 1.___________ (rough) confirmed is that tea originated in the southwest of China. According to ancient stories, the first person 2.___________ (discover) the effects of tea is said to be Shennong—the fa

2、ther of agriculture and herbal 3.___________ (medical) in China. It 4.___________ (say) that Shennong once tried 72 different kinds of poisonous plants in a day and he lay on the ground, barely alive. At this moment, he noticed several rather fragrant leaves 5.___________ (drop) from the tree beside

3、 him. Out 6.___________ curiosity and habit, Shennong put the leaves into his mouth and chewed 7.___________ slowly. After a little while, he felt well and 8.___________ (energy) again. So he picked more leaves to eat 9.___________ thus cleared his body from poison. The ancient Chinese medical boo

4、k called Shennong Bencaojing states that “Tea tastes bitter. Drinking it, one can think quicker, sleep 10.___________ (little), move more swiftly, and see more clearly.” This then was the earliest book to record the medicinal effects of tea. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文介紹了“茶”的起源。 1．roughly　解析：考查副詞。副詞修飾動詞。故填 roughly

5、“粗略地”。 2．to discover　解析：考查非謂語動詞。不定式短語作后置定語。故填 to discover。 3．medicine　解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞 herbal “藥草的”修飾名詞。故填 medicine。herbal medicine 意為“草藥”。 4．is said　解析：考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，據(jù)說神農(nóng)曾一天之內(nèi)嘗試了72種不同的有毒植物。It is said that意為“據(jù)說……”。 5．dropping　解析：考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此時，他注意到幾片芳香的葉子正從他旁邊的樹上掉落下來?？仗帍?qiáng)調(diào)“正在掉落”，故用 drop 的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。

6、 6．of　解析：考查介詞。短語 out of curiosity 意為“出于好奇”。 7．them　解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可分析出，空處指代 and 前的leaves, 指咀嚼“它們”。故填 them。 8．energetic　解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。感官動詞felt 后應(yīng)用形容詞，故填 energetic。 9．a(chǎn)nd　解析：考查連詞。該空前后表示順承關(guān)系，故用and。 10．less　解析：考查比較級。此處與文中的“think quicker”和“move more swiftly, and see more clearly”為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，故填less。 一．高考單詞→識記

7、·思考·運(yùn)用 1．核心詞匯 ①remark n．談?wù)?；評述 vt.& vi.談?wù)?；說起 remarkable adj.非凡的；出眾的 remarkably adv.驚人地；異常地 ②condemn vt.譴責(zé)；使……注定 ③classify vt.編排；把……歸類；把……分類classification n．分類；歸類 ④outcome n．結(jié)果；效果 ⑤proper adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?properly adv.適當(dāng)?shù)?，恰?dāng)?shù)? ⑥trouble n．& vt.麻煩；費神 troublesome adj.帶來麻煩的，使人心煩的 ⑦compromise n．& vi.妥協(xié)；折中 ⑧

8、adaptation n．適應(yīng)(性)；改編本 adapt v．改編，(使)適應(yīng) ⑨hesitate vi.猶豫；躊躇 hesitation n．猶豫；躊躇 ⑩mistaken adj.錯誤的；不正確的mistake n．& v．錯誤；誤會 ?fortune n．機(jī)會；運(yùn)氣；大筆的錢 fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的 fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地 ?overlook vt.俯視；忽視；不理會 ?fade vt.& vi.(使)褪色；減弱；逐漸消失 2．?？荚~匯 ①horrible adj.可怕的；恐怖的 horror n．恐怖 ②plot n．情節(jié)；陰謀 ③acq

9、uaintance n．相識；了解；熟人 ④superior adj.優(yōu)秀的；較高的 n．上級；長官 ⑤disgusting adj.使人反感的 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．The film classic (classical) The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ) 2．To guarantee its economic growth, China needs to deal with the population issue properly (proper)

10、，as its workers are getting older.(2017·江蘇卷) 3．That night，Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast，and Rockaway was hit especially hard.Fortunately (fortunate)，Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.(2016·北京卷) 4．My life improved remarkably (remark) when I disc

11、overed art.The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words.(2016·天津卷) 5．Her times were not exactly impressive，but even so，he sensed there was something trying to get out，something the other coaches had_overlooked (overlook) when they had assessed her and found her lacking.(2016·江蘇卷)

12、 6．Mum and I became mad with him for placing our family in trouble.With time，an uncomfortable (comfortable) silence grew between us.(2015·陜西卷) 7．There is the belief that，if you arrive at an appointment late，you will be considered important.This is a mistaken (mistake) view.(2015·陜西卷) 8．In this pas

13、sage adapted (adapt) from a novel，a Canadian woman recalls for her childhood during the 1960s. ?“學(xué)校生活”用詞一覽 ①further study 進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí) ②term 學(xué)期 ③facility 學(xué)校設(shè)施 ④apply 申請 ⑤educate 教育 ⑥graduate 畢業(yè)，畢業(yè)生 ⑦register 注冊，登記 ⑧schedule 計劃表；進(jìn)度表；時間表 ⑨major 主修，專攻 ⑩academy 學(xué)會，研究院 ?public 大學(xué)的，全校的 ?scholarshi

14、p 獎學(xué)金 ?professor 教授 ?educator 教育者 ?headmaster 校長 ?instructor 教導(dǎo)員 ?librarian 圖書管理員 ?monitor 班長 ?“恐懼”表達(dá)詞一覽 ①afraid 畏懼，害怕 ②alarm 驚慌，恐慌 ③dreadful 可怕的 ④fear 恐怖，畏懼 ⑤frighten 使驚懼，嚇唬 ⑥horror 戰(zhàn)栗，恐怖 ⑦h(yuǎn)orrible 恐怖的 ⑧panic 驚慌的 ⑨scare 嚇，嚇唬 ⑩scream 驚叫 ?terrible 可怕的 ?terrified 恐怖的 ?terror 恐怖 ?t

15、remble (因恐怖、憂慮等)戰(zhàn)栗，焦慮，擔(dān)心 ?scared to death 嚇?biāo)? ?后綴－ive形容詞集錦 ①active 主動的 ②passive 被動的 ③positive 積極的 ④negative 消極的 ⑤subjective 主觀的 ⑥expensive 昂貴的 ?accumulate相關(guān)動詞小結(jié) ①accumulate vt.& vi.積累 ②increase vt.& vi.增長 ③enlarge vt.& vi.擴(kuò)大；放大 ④expand vt.& vi.擴(kuò)大；膨脹 ⑤shrink vt.& vi.收縮；縮小 ⑥r(nóng)educe vt.& v

16、i.減少 【完形填空】 I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man __1__ his son to fly a kite.After a few minutes，the child __2__ drops the string and lets the kite soar(高飛)．With joy in his eyes，he watches it climb until it disappears __3__.The father realizes that __4__ he'll have to loosen th

17、e tie that binds(綁)him to his son.And he __5__ ，“Will I release the string as unselfishly as that？” Many years later my son，Gary，__6__ he wouldn't finish his college career.I tried to talk him out of it.But none of my reasoning made any __7__.At the end of the semester Gary moved back home. Gary m

18、anaged to find a__8__ at a nursery and went at it with usual enthusiasm.I，__9__ ，was deeply disappointed.What was a college professor's __10__ doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform？Then I tried to __11__ him.“Look，”I said，“in a few years you'll be at your high school reunion with

19、__12__ classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers.Do you think you'll be able to__13__ that？” “Yes，Dad，”he replied without __14__.Then he fixed his eyes on mine and said，“But the real question is：Can you？” Shame suddenly __15__ me.I wasn't thinking about my son；I was thinking about myself

20、 and what my friends would think.The problem wasn't Gary's pride；it was mine.All at once I remembered my __16__ and the question it asks“Will I release the __17__ as unselfishly as that？”At that moment I knew I had to let go.Gary was __18__ enough to make his own choices. Today Gary has a successfu

21、l career working for the city.I am very __19__ of who he has become.__20__ I let go of my pride，I've been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar. 1．A.orders B．instructs C．a(chǎn)dvises D．a(chǎn)llows 2．A.suddenly B．a(chǎn)ctually C．properly D．sadly 3．A.in a row B．in a w

22、ay C．in no time D．in the distance 4．A.abruptly B．eventually C．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．a(chǎn)pparently 5．A.responds B．guesses C．wonders D．hesitates 6．A.believed B．explained C．regretted D．a(chǎn)nnounced 7．A.progress B．decision C．effort D．difference 8．

23、A.ball B．job C．kite D．toy 9．A.therefore B．besides C．however D．otherwise 10．A.daughter B．nephew C．son D．cousin 11．A.support B．a(chǎn)ccept C．control D．persuade 12．A.honest B．ordinary C．latter D．former 13．A.prev

24、ent B．forget C．handle D．a(chǎn)dmit 14．A.hesitation B．commitment C．permission D．comment 15．A.deserted B．silenced C．ignored D．a(chǎn)ngered 16．A.essay B．a(chǎn)rticle C．poem D．passage 17．A.secret B．string C．dog D．news 18

25、．A.old B．honest C．lucky D．cute 19．A.guilty B．tired C．a(chǎn)fraid D．proud 20．A.Since B．When C．Although D．Unless 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者應(yīng)對兒子大學(xué)輟學(xué)這一情況的故事。 【核心詞匯】release v．釋放，放開　semester n．學(xué)期　enthusiasm n．熱情　reunion n．團(tuán)聚 1．B　根據(jù)語境可推知，一個男人在教兒子放風(fēng)箏。in

26、struct“教授”。故選B。 2．A　根據(jù)下文可知，詩篇中的兒子突然(suddenly)把線松開，讓風(fēng)箏高飛。 3．D　與語境“disappears”呼應(yīng)可推知，風(fēng)箏消失在遠(yuǎn)方(in the distance)。 4．B　這個男人意識到最終(eventually)他必須對兒子放手。 5．C　結(jié)合語境可推知，詩篇中的父親有疑問，想知道自己將來會不會無私地“松開線”。wonder“想知道”。 6．D　根據(jù)語境可推知，作者的兒子宣布他將不會完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)。 7．D　根據(jù)下文的“At the end of the semester Gary moved back home”可知，作者的勸說

27、毫無作用。make a difference意為“有作用”。 8．B　根據(jù)下文的“What was a college professor's __10__ doing at a job”可知，作者的兒子找到了一份工作。 9．C　根據(jù)上文的“with usual enthusiasm”和下文的“was deeply disappointed”可知，上下文表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 10．C　根據(jù)上下文可知，Gary和作者是父子關(guān)系。 11．D　根據(jù)作者下文所說的話和上文的“reasoning”可知，作者想勸說兒子放棄那份工作，因為作者感到很失望。persuade“勸說”。 12．D　根據(jù)

28、“reunion”可知，此處是和以前的高中同學(xué)團(tuán)聚。former “以前的”。 13．C　根據(jù)語境可知，作者認(rèn)為兒子的工作一個高中輟學(xué)者都可以做，而他的同學(xué)們則成了醫(yī)生、律師和工程師，作者問兒子能否應(yīng)對這種情況。handle“應(yīng)付，處理”。 14．A　作者的兒子很堅定地回答，沒有絲毫猶豫，與語境“Yes，Dad，”呼應(yīng)。 15．B　根據(jù)上文可知，兒子的話讓作者沉默了。 16．C　根據(jù)上文的“I have written a poem called Flying Kites”可知，作者想起了自己寫的那首詩。 17．B　根據(jù)上文的“Will I release the string as

29、 unselfishly us that”可知，此處表示要放開風(fēng)箏上的線。 18．A　根據(jù)空后的“make his own choices”可推知，兒子已經(jīng)長大，可以自己做決定了。 19．D　根據(jù)上文的“Today Gary has a successful career working for the city”可推知，父親看到兒子的成功，自然是為之自豪。 20．A　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系。since“因為，既然”。 二．重點短語→識記·思考·運(yùn)用 1．動詞短語 ①pass...off as...(把某人)改變或冒充成…… ②make one’s acqua

30、intance 結(jié)識；與……相見 ③rob sb. of sth.搶劫某人某物 ④fade out (聲音、畫面)逐漸模糊；漸淡 ⑤show...in 帶或領(lǐng)……進(jìn)來 2．介詞短語 ①in terms of...就……來說；從……角度 ②in disguise 偽裝(的)；假扮的 ③in need of 需要 3．其他形式 ①generally speaking 一般來說 ②once more 再一次 用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．In a society that tends to measure everything in_terms_of dollars an

31、d cents，we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our disasters in financial terms.(2015·浙江卷) 2．As the program ended，the music slowly faded_out and someone began to speak. 3．When he didn’t know how to get into the building，a boy showed him in. 4．If you are in_need_of anything，come here f

32、or help. 5．They threatened to shoot him and robbed him of all his possessions. 6．I am so delighted to make your acquaintance，Mr.Wang. ?“v.＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短語隨手包 ①inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 ②remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事 ③rob sb.of sth.搶劫某人某物 ④suspect sb.of sth.懷疑某人某事 ⑤accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事 ⑥warn sb.

33、of sth.警告某人某事 ⑦cure sb.of sth.治愈某人某病 ⑧convince sb.of sth.使某人信服某事 ?“in＋名詞＋of”短語大薈萃 ①in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)；掌管 ②in honor of 向……表達(dá)敬意 ③in case of 萬一；以防 ④in defense of 保衛(wèi) ⑤in search of 尋找 ⑥in need of 需要 ⑦in place of 代替 ⑧in favor of 贊成；支持 ⑨in memory of 為紀(jì)念…… 三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通 背原句 學(xué)句型 練仿寫 1.W

34、hat if I was? 如果我是，又怎么樣呢？ What if...？意為“如果……將會怎么樣？”。 在接下來的半小時里，如果這個問題必須解決會怎樣？ What_if_this_problem_has_to_be_solved in the next half hour？ 2.But，sir，(proudly) once educated to speak properly，that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party. 不過，先生，(高

35、傲地)一旦有人教她把英語說好了，這個女孩就可以在三個月以內(nèi)冒充公爵夫人出席大使主辦的花園晚會了。 once educated 是省略結(jié)構(gòu)，完整形式為once the girl is educated。 當(dāng)被問到他為何如此傷心時，這個學(xué)生說他失去了這次出國的機(jī)會。 When_asked_why_he_was_so_sad，the student said he had been robbed of the opportunity of going abroad. 3.Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conve

36、rsation. 亨利·希金斯與皮克林上校正坐著進(jìn)行深入的交談。 形容詞短語deep in sth.意為“專心于……”，在句中作狀語。 全神貫注地讀書，他沒注意到老師走進(jìn)教室。 Deep_in_the_book，he didn’t notice the teacher came into the classroom. 【七選五】 Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 　1　 Trust is a risk. B

37、ut you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are differen

38、t levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore. 　2　 It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. ? 　 3 　 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can s

39、ee what the best outcome would be for your well-being. ? 　 4 　 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a ＂victim mentality＂. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated. ?You

40、didn’t lose ＂everything＂.Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 　 5 　 Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive

41、growth and forgiveness. A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again. F. This knowledge carries

42、over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened. 【語篇解讀】文章主要講述了人們一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。 1.B 【解析】根據(jù)上句＂信任是我們從過去的經(jīng)歷中獲取的一種行為＂和下句＂信任是一種冒險＂可知，此空填B，本句是對第一句話的進(jìn)一步解釋：＂信任是信賴某人＂。 2.E 【解析】上句＂有時，人們簡直無法再信任(別人)了＂；下句＂這是可以理解的＂，由此可推測本句應(yīng)是解釋人們無法信任某人的原因。故填E。 3.A 【解析】由下句＂對自己有信心能幫助你做出更好的選擇＂可知，前一句應(yīng)是＂學(xué)會真正信任自己＂，故填A(yù)。 4.C 【解析】由本段最后一句＂在我們生活中的某些時候，我們的信任會被檢驗或打破＂可知，此處應(yīng)填C，意為＂不要認(rèn)為自己是個受害者＂。 5.G 【解析】副詞＂Instead＂表示轉(zhuǎn)折?？赏茰y這里應(yīng)是＂看到事物積極的一面并不意味著你無視已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事＂。故填G。 11