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1、騰飛輔導(dǎo)
騰飛輔導(dǎo)中心
小學(xué)英語語法（第22期）
第三講 形容詞和副詞
Name Mark
★重點(diǎn)講解
一、形容詞：形容詞是用來修飾物體的形狀、大小、長度、屬性、特點(diǎn)的詞。
1．一般位于名詞前，做“ 前置定語 ” 。
I have a busy day. 我忙了一天。 She is a famous scientist.
2．放在be動詞的后面，被稱為“ 系表結(jié)構(gòu) ” 。如：
He is clever. S
2、he is beautiful.
3．當(dāng)幾個形容詞或形容詞和名詞同時修飾一個名詞時，必須按照正確的排列順序，即：
大小 --- 形狀 --- 顏色 --- 質(zhì)地。如：
a big yellow banana a white round stone bench
4．表示國籍的幾個形容詞，還可以用作名詞，但意義上有所區(qū)別。如：
a Chinese /Japanese boy speak Chinese / Japanese
5．形容詞修飾不定代詞something, anything等時，需要置于其后。如：
I have som
3、ething important to tell you.
There is something wrong with you.
二、副詞：是說明時間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念的詞。
1．副詞的分類
時間副詞 如：now, usually, often, always, sometime, yesterday等。
地點(diǎn)副詞 如：here, there, everywhere等。（其前不能加介詞，如：go there / come here）
方式副詞 如： quietly, slowly，quickly, carefully等。（ ““怎樣地” ）
程度副詞 如：very, mu
4、ch, quite（完全地，十分地）, too（太）等。
2．副詞的用法：主要用來修飾動詞的。如：
He plays basketball well.
He jumps high.
三、形容詞、副詞的等級：原級、比較級和最高級。
1．原級的用法
肯定句： 主語 + be動詞 + as + 原級 + as ...... ，表示“和 …一樣 ，如：
Surfing is as interesting as swimming.
否定句： 主語 + be動詞 + not so / as + 原級 + as ...... ，表示“和 …不一樣 ，如：
5、
Surfing is not so / as interesting as swimming
2．比較級：兩個人或物體之間的相對比較。通常用在兩個物體之間用than來連接。
（1）句式結(jié)構(gòu): 主語 + be動詞 +比較級 + than + ...... ，如：
English is more important than Japanese, I think. （有than 一定有比較級）
Which do you like better, this one or that one? （沒有than 也可以有比較級）
（2）比較級的用法：
① 比較級 and 比較級，如：He
6、becomes fatter and fatter.
② more and more + 原級 “...... 越來越 .....”，如：
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
③ The + 比較級 …... , the + 比較級 … ... “… 越…, 越 …”
The more, the better.
3．最高級：是三個或三個以上的物體之間的相互比較。
（1）句式結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + be動詞 + 最高級 ...... ，如：
Amy is the most beautiful girl in my cla
7、ss. （形容詞最高級前要有the）
He runs fastest in the running match. （副詞前最高級前的the省略）
（2）最高級的用法：
① (the)最高級 + 比較范圍 …
Jim is the tallest in his class.
Jim is the tallest of the three.
② 最高級… , A , B or C ?
Which is the farthest, the train station, the bus station or the airport?
③ 主語 + be動詞 + one
8、of the + 最高級 + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)
Xi’an is one of the oldest cities in China.
★ 補(bǔ)充：比較級前可以有一個表示程度的詞：如 a little rather much a lot far even any 等
He is much better today.
Frank is even stronger than his father.
四、形容詞與副詞的變化關(guān)系
1．大多數(shù)副詞是用形容詞加后綴－ly構(gòu)成的。
Eg：quick -- quickly slow -- slowly brave
9、-- bravely
2．以-y結(jié)尾的形容詞，現(xiàn)將y改成i，再加-ly。
Eg：happy-----happily angry-----angrily
3．有些副詞與形容詞形式相同。
Eg：late, early, high, long, fast，friendly
補(bǔ)充：good 的副詞是well,但是well也有形容詞的意義，表示身體狀況好，如：I‘m well.
貌似副詞的形容詞： friendly友好的； lovely可愛的
五、形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級變化規(guī)則
情況
變化規(guī)則
舉例
一般單音節(jié)詞/少數(shù)多音節(jié)詞
10、
直接在詞尾加 -er或 -est
tall - taller - tallest clean - cleaner –cleanest small-smaller-smallest
clever- cleverer -cleverest strong-stronger-strongest
long-longer-longest young-younger-youngest
以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞
加 -r或 -st
large --- larger – largest safe – safer – safest
late --- later --- latest fine
11、-– finer – finest wide-wider-widest
以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞
變y為i再加 -er或-est
early – earlier - earliest. easy - easier– easiest heavy-heavier-heaviest
happy – happier – happiest dry -- drier -- driest
以重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的詞
雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-er 或-est
hot – hotter -- hottest thin -– thinner - -
12、thinnest
big – bigger – biggest wet – wetter – wettest
fat--fatter--fattest
多音節(jié)和大部分雙音節(jié)詞
在原級前加more / most
important -- more important -- most important
beautiful -- more beautiful -- most beautiful
interesting -- more interesting -- most interesting
不規(guī)則變化（重要，?？迹?
原級
比較級
最高級
good/wel
13、l
better
best
bad/ill
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/
farthest/
★做中學(xué)
一、寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級形式
1. long __________ ___________ 2.wide _____________ _____________
3. fat ___________ ___________ 4.strong ___________ _____________
14、
5. bright ________ ___________ 6.young ____________ _____________
7. big __________ ___________ 8.easy ____________ _____________
9. kind ____________ _____________ 10.small ____________ _____________
11. bad ____________ _____________ 12.good ____________ _____
15、________
13. heavy ____________ _____________ 15.ill ____________ _____________
16. old ____________ _____________
二、 用所給詞的正確形式填空
1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the ___________ (clever).
2. Gold(黃金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(鐵).
3. My sister is two years _______ (old) than I.
16、
4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _________ (young) child.
5. The _________ (cheap) bags are not usually the worst ones.
6. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.
8. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings _________ (well) than John, but Mary sings________ (well)
17、in her class.
9. She will be much _________ (happy) in her mew house.
★過關(guān)訓(xùn)練
一、選擇填空
1. The line is ____ than that one.
A. more longer B. not longer C. much longer D. many more longer
2. The book is ____ of the two.
A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thin
18、ner D. the thinnest
3. She looks _____ than she does.
A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older
4. The garden is becoming ______.
A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful
C. more and more beautiful D. more
19、beautiful and beautifuler
5. They competed（比賽） to see who could work _____.
A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better
C. fastest and better D. faster and better
6. This kind of shirt looks ______ and sells ________.
A. nice, well B. nice, good
20、 C. well, well D. good, nice
7. Table tennis is ______ than basketball in China.
A. popular B. less popular C. more popular D. most popular
8. This year, it doesn’t snow as ______ last year.
A. more than B. many as C. much as D.
21、much than
9. I think it is _______ cheaper and ________ interesting to travel around the small town on foot than by taxi.
A. much; even more B. more; more
C. more; much more D. much; much
10. Beijing is one of __________ in China.
A. the biggest cities B. bigge
22、st city
C. a bigger city D. the biggest city
二、翻譯句子
1．這本書跟那本書一樣有趣。This book is _________ _________ __________ that one.
2．你游泳沒有你弟弟好。You can’t swim _________ _________ your brother.
3．今天比昨天冷的多。It is _________ _________ today__________ it was yesterday.
4．這個故事比另一個有趣的多。This stor
23、y is _________ _________ __________ than that one.
5．他比我大兩歲。He is _________ _________ __________ than I.
6．他的身體狀況一天天好起來。He is getting _________ _________ __________ every day.
7．他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats ，the __________ he gets.
8．你的問題是四個中最難的那個。Your question is _______ ______ ______ of the four.
第 22 期 小六英語語法 第 5 頁
小學(xué)英語語法形容詞副詞
