2019版高考英語二輪復習 第3板塊 專題6 書面表達 第1節(jié) 八大寫作技法學案（含解析）

《2019版高考英語二輪復習 第3板塊 專題6 書面表達 第1節(jié) 八大寫作技法學案（含解析）》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《2019版高考英語二輪復習 第3板塊 專題6 書面表達 第1節(jié) 八大寫作技法學案（含解析）（28頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網上搜索。

1、第1節(jié) 八大寫作技法 技法一　認真審題，擬全要點 1．審體裁，避免格式錯誤 無論書信還是通知都有各自的格式，寫對格式是考生寫作成功的第一步。 (1)書信的格式： Dear ×××， Yours， Li Hua (2)通知的格式： ★書面通知： ①在正文之前的正中位置寫Notice字樣

2、。 ②結尾要寫明通知發(fā)布單位。 ★口頭通知： ①固定的開場白；Ladies and gentlemen/Boys and girls，may I have your attention please? ②常用的結束語；That's all.Thank you. 2．審時間，避免時態(tài)錯誤 要正確判斷謂語動詞的時態(tài)，這是句子的核心。例如2018全國卷Ⅰ書信的主體時態(tài)是一般現在時；2018全國卷Ⅱ通知的時態(tài)以一般將來時和一般現在時為主。 3．審內容，避免要點缺失 遺漏要點是寫作大忌。如要點不全，即使語言正確，結構合理，連貫通順，也不可能得高分。 (2018·全國卷Ⅰ)假定你是李

3、華，你的新西蘭朋友Terry將去中國朋友家做客，發(fā)郵件向你詢問有關習俗。請你回復郵件，內容包括： 1．到達時間；2.合適的禮物；3.餐桌禮儀。 注意：1．詞數100左右； 2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

4、 考生作文 名師點評 作文提升 My friend Terry， I am delighted to know your Chinese friend has invited you to a dinner party.It is a really good opportunity to experience Chinese culture.Now I'd like to o

5、ffer you some advices. First of all，you should arrive on time because it is polite to be on time in China.Secondly，you should bring a small gift，such as a bunch of flowers or a box of chocolates if they have young children.Most importantly，the elderly are usually the first to eat the food served on

6、 the table because they are well respected in China.Lastly，you should praise your friend for the delicious food he offers. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua 　　總體來說，此篇作文人稱、時態(tài)、詞數都符合要求。 (1)格式欠妥：此篇作文開頭格式不符合要求。 (2)要點不當：此篇作文在結尾處應是希望對方過得愉快，而不是希望對方回信。 (3)用詞錯誤：advice是不可數名詞，不能加-s。 (4

7、)重復用詞：此篇作文用了三次you should和兩次on time。應采用多樣化的表達方式。 (5)有些詞匯可進行提升：例如eat，polite等，可尋求更高級的表達。 (6)句式方面也可進行提升：第一段中的主動語態(tài)可變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)；另外可以用which引導的定語從句把兩個句子合成一個復合句。 Dear Terry， I am delighted to know you are invited to a dinner party by your Chinese friend，which is a really good opportunity to experience Chinese

8、 culture.Here are some tips for you. First of all，you should arrive on time because it is good manners to be punctual in China.Secondly，you are supposed to bring a small gift，such as a bunch of flowers or a box of chocolates if they have young children.Most importantly，the elderly are usually the f

9、irst to taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China.Lastly，don't forget to praise your friend for the delicious food he offers. I hope you will have a good time. Yours， Li Hua Ⅰ.結合下列寫作要求，完成謀篇及擬點任務 假設你是李華，你的外國網友Peter因迷戀手機游戲而被父母批評，他為此寫信向你抱怨。請給他寫一封回信，要點包括： 1．對P

10、eter受到批評表示遺憾； 2．指出Peter的錯誤； 3．給出建議。 注意：1．詞數100左右； 2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

11、 一、認真審題 1．本文為信件，屬于應用文，應注意書信的格式。 2．時態(tài)以一般現在時為主。 3．人稱以第二和第一人稱為主。 二、擬全要點 1．聽到你受到父母的批評我感到很遺憾。 2．老實說，你確實該受責備。 3．作為學生，我們的首要任務是努力學習而不是沉迷于手機游戲。 4．你父母的所作所為都是因為

12、他們關心你。 5．你非常有必要合理安排學習和休閑時間。 6．你絕不該再沉迷于手機游戲從而讓你父母失望。 三、范文填充 Dear Peter， I'm sorry to hear that you were scolded by your parents.But to be honest，1.it is indeed you that are to blame. To start with，it is the primary task 2.to study hard rather than stay addicted to phone games.In addition，the re

13、ason why your parents criticised you is 3.that they care about you.How I wish you could put yourself in their shoes! What's more，it is necessary that 4.you arrange your time for study and leisure wisely.At no time should you let phone games absorb you again and disappoint your parents. Hope what I

14、say will cheer you up. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Ⅱ.書面表達(邀請信) (2018·包頭市模擬)假定你是李華，你們學校將要舉辦“中華經典文學誦讀比賽”(Chinese Classics Reciting Contest)，你的英國好友Peter對中國文化很感興趣，請你根據以下信息，給他寫一封信，邀請他參加比賽。要點如下： 1．舉辦時間和地點； 2．朗誦內容與形式； 3．期待參與。 注意：1．詞數100左右； 2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

15、

16、 【參考范文】 Dear Peter， A Chinese Classics Reciting Contest will be hosted in my school.Knowing that you are really into Chinese culture，I'm writing to invite you to participate in the contest. It will be held in the school lecture hall from 2：00 to 4：00 on the afternoon

17、of April 15.All the competitors are required to recite several Chinese poems or essays within given time.The forms of the activity are various，reciting on your own，in pairs or in groups.The prizes will go to the best five performers.I'm sure it will be great fun and beneficial to your language learn

18、ing.Hope you can join us. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua 技法二　引人入勝的開篇語 1．如何寫好開頭？ 開頭一般來說要做到開門見山，使讀者了解文章要談什么，最好能立刻引起讀者的興趣。 (1)背景法——說明事件發(fā)生的時間、地點等背景。 [典例]　Last week，a group of international students visited our school.(2018·北京高考書面表達) (2)數據法——引用已經證實的統(tǒng)計數字來引出話題。 [典例]　The box-of

19、fice income of Chinese movies witnessed a constant increase from about 17 billion yuan in 2012 to over 40 billion in 2015.(2017·江蘇高考書面表達) (3)主題句法——提出一個觀點或論據作為文章要闡明和論述的主題。 [典例]　When it comes to the season I like best，summer will always occur to me in no time.(2016·四川高考書面表達) (4)實例法——通過一個實例或現象引出話題。

20、 [典例]　Online voting becomes increasingly popular，and many competitions get people involved in it.(2016·江蘇高考書面表達) (5)問題法——用提出問題的方法來引出文章的內容，以吸引讀者的注意力。 [典例]　Why do we go to university? Different people have different opinions. (6)引語法——摘錄或引用某些名人的名言或常見的習語、諺語作為文章的開端。 [典例]　There is an old English sayin

21、g，“Gain time，gain life”．Then what is time? Time is a kind of thing that we can't see or touch，but we can feel it pass by. 2．書信的開頭 英語書信的特點是開門見山，在寫作中我們常用I'm writing to do sth.來表達目的；用I'd like to do sth.來表示打算。 求職信可說： I'm writing to apply for the position ...或Learning from...，I'd like to apply for th

22、e post ... 咨詢信可說： I'm writing to inquire/ask for some information about ... 感謝信可說： I'm writing to express my thanks for ...或I'd like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for ... 建議信可說： I'm writing to express my view concerning ... 投訴信可說： I'm writing to complain about ... 道歉信可說： I'm writing

23、 to make an apology to you for ... 邀請信可說： I'm writing to tell you something about ...Would you like to ...? 3．通知的開頭 直接說明通知內容，常用there be句式或被動語態(tài)。 [典例1]　There will be a short English club—Growing Together this weekend.(2018·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達) [典例2]　An exciting event “Innovations on Campus”is around the co

24、rner.Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your DIY skills.(2014·遼寧高考書面表達) [典例3]　An English Club will be set up on September 16,2017 in our school. [典例4]　There will be a lecture on American culture in our school on Friday evenin

25、g. (2018·全國卷Ⅱ)你受學生會委托，為學校宣傳欄“英語天地”寫一則通知，請大家觀看Growing Together，內容包括： 1．短片內容：學校的發(fā)展； 2．放映時間、地點； 3．歡迎對短片提出意見。 注意：1．詞數100左右； 2．可以適當增添細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

26、

27、 考生作文(開頭) 名師點評 作文提升 　　There is going to have a short English film this weekend.Its name is Growing Together.It's mainly about the development of our school. (1)文中there be結構使用錯誤。 (2)開篇用了三個簡單句，讓閱卷人一看就覺得是初級水平，應采用高級句式進行提升。 (3)有些單詞

28、如about也可以進行優(yōu)化。 　　There is going to be a short English film named Growing Together this weekend，which is mainly related to the development of our school. Ⅰ.請用上述開頭法翻譯下列句子 1．上周日，我和同學們去了香山公園。 Last Sunday，my classmates and I went to Xiangshan Park.(以背景開篇) 2．眼下，街談巷議，人們的熱門話題總離不開“三貴”：買房貴、上學貴、看病貴。 No

29、wadays people often talk about three things that few can afford：houses，school education and medical treatment.(以主題句開篇) 3．當有那么多方式可以與學生家長溝通時，家訪還有必要嗎？ Are home visits necessary when there are so many ways to communicate with students' parents？(以問題開篇) 4．正如諺語所說的那樣“時間就是金錢”，是的，情況確實就是這樣。 As the saying g

30、oes，“Time is money.”Yes，it's indeed the case.(以引語開篇) 5．最近的研究表明，有50%的學生不吃早飯。 A recent study shows that 50% of the school kids don't have breakfast.(以數據開篇) 6．當今，很多大城市的人們在抱怨交通擁擠，這已經嚴重影響了人們的日常生活和經濟發(fā)展。 Nowadays，people in many big cities are complaining about heavy traffic.It has seriously influenced

31、people's daily life and economic development.(以實例開篇) Ⅱ.書面表達(建議信) (2018·濟南市模擬)假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Leslie打算到中國成都大熊貓繁育研究基地(Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding)參觀，給他一些建議。內容包括： 1．出行方式； 2．出游季節(jié)； 3．其他注意事項。 注意：1．詞數100左右； 2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

32、

33、 【參考范文】 Dear Leslie， I'm more than glad to receive your letter where you said you would pay a visit to Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in China and asked me for some advice.The following are my suggestions. First，it's convenient for you to travel either by airplane or by

34、high-speed train because it is very easy to get to the base from the nearby airport and station.Second，it is a good idea that you take a tour in fall，when you may have a chance to watch newly-born baby pandas.At last，do remember to wear walking shoes because you need to do some climbing sometimes.

35、Hope you will have a good time in China.Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 技法三　豐富充實的細節(jié)信息 高考書面表達多為開放性作文，題目要求中的提示內容很少。如果只是簡單翻譯提示內容，詞數肯定不夠，因此在寫作時需要適當充實一些與提示內容相關聯的細節(jié)信息。 1．列舉具體的實例進行補充說明。 [例1]　我要花一些時間和父母在一起。 I'll spend some time staying with my parents. →I'll spend some time

36、staying with my parents，chatting with them and doing some housework. [例2]　我看到了一些不良行為。 I found some bad behaviour. →I found some bad behaviour.Some people scribbled on the wall; some played on the lawn and some threw rubbish everywhere. 2．增添相關的神態(tài)、動作、心理描寫以及背景渲染等內容。 [例1]　旅行了一周后，他回到了家。 After a wee

37、k's trip，he returned home. →After a week's trip，he returned home，tired but happy. [例2]　我有時去村西的小河游泳。 I went swimming in the river to the west of the village now and then. →I went swimming in the river to the west of the village now and then，in which the water was very clear. 3．增添相關信息的時間、地點等內容。

38、 [例1]　我要去超市購物。 I'm going to do some shopping in the supermarket. →I'm going to do some shopping in the supermarket and won't be back until 5: 00 o'clock in the afternoon. [例2]　我已經帶來了你讓我歸還的這兩本書。 I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return. →I have taken with me the two books you as

39、ked me to return to the City Library. 4．增添相關的原因、結果、條件、讓步、手段、目的等內容。 [例1]　我將參加一些社會活動。 I will take part in some social activities. →If possible, I will take part in some social activities so that I can know more about society. [例2]　我需要好好休息，我要做些閱讀。 I need a good rest.I'll do some reading. →I need

40、 a good rest because I do feel tired after the hard work of all these years. I'll do some reading for fun，as well as for knowledge. 5．結尾適當發(fā)揮，寫出個人感受、評價、愿望、倡議等。 [例1]　Although I was very tired this summer holiday，I felt very happy for what I did.(個人感受) 盡管我這個暑假很累，但是我為我做的感到高興。 [例2]　I think such activ

41、ities are necessary and meaningful.(評價) 我認為這樣的活動很有必要也很有意義。 [例3]　I sincerely hope my advice can be helpful to you and that you can enjoy your new school life.(愿望) 我衷心希望我的建議能夠對你有所幫助，你能夠享受你在新學校的生活。 [例4]　It is a duty for us students to protect our school environment and make it clean.(倡議) 作為學生，保護我們

42、校園的環(huán)境并使之干凈是我們的職責。 (2017·全國卷Ⅱ)假定你是李華，想邀請外教Henry一起參觀中國剪紙(paper-cutting)藝術展。請給他寫封郵件，內容包括： 1．展覽時間、地點； 2．展覽內容。 注意：1．詞數100左右； 2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

43、 考生作文

44、名師點評 作文提升 Dear Henry， I am Li Hua.There will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition.It will be held in the art gallery in our city center.The time is from 8：00 am to 5：00 pm.I'm writing to invite you to see the Chinese paper-cutting exhibition. Paper-cutting is a traditional art form in China.It

45、has a long history.In the exhibition you can see many kinds of paper-cutting works.Some famous paper-cutting artists will perform how to cut paper on the spot. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua (1)作文的詞數偏少一些，主要是對于展覽內容的描寫沒能適當增加細節(jié)所致。例如悠久的歷史可以具體到時間有多長，剪紙有什么用途，你會有什么收獲等。另外，結尾處可以增加個人的愿

46、望等。 (2)第一段用了五個簡單句，可用較復雜的句式進行優(yōu)化。 (3)第二段中的一些句子也可以進行優(yōu)化。例如可以用復合句，there be結構等。 Dear Henry， I'm writing to invite you to attend the Chinese paper-cutting exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 8：00 am to 5：00 pm next Sunday in our city center. Paper-cutting is a traditional art form in China，w

47、hich has a history of more than 1,500 years.People often beautify their homes with paper-cutting during festivals and weddings. In the exhibition you can see paper-cutting works of various patterns.In addition，there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot.Through the exhibit

48、ion，not only can you enjoy the folk art works，but also learn a lot. I hope that you can grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.Looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua Ⅰ.根據括號內的提示完成句子 1．However，it seems that people are not aware of the negative effects

49、of mobile phones on communication.For example，many people begin to pay less attention to face-to-face communication(例如，很多人越來越不重視面對面的交流)． 2．At that moment，I became the focus of the whole class and was full of great pride and confidence(充滿了自豪和自信)． 3．Several minutes had gone by(幾分鐘過去了)，but the whole

50、class was still in complete silence. 4．Besides，remember to speak slowly and clearly so that you can leave a good impression on the audience and judges(以便你能夠給觀眾和裁判留下良好的印象)． 5．Let's develop good habits of saving energy in our daily life and try to make more contributions to a better environment(盡力為環(huán)

51、境的改善做出更多貢獻)． Ⅱ.書面表達(申請信) (2018·成都市模擬)假設你是李華，從網上得知英國某校的孔子課堂(the Confucius Classroom)正在招募漢語教學助教。請根據以下提示給對方寫一封郵件，申請獲得這個職位： 1．你對國際漢語教學的認識； 2．你所具備的條件； 3．你對獲得錄用的愿望。 注意：1．詞數 100 左右； 2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

52、 【參考范文】 Dear Sir/Madam， I'm

53、 Li Hua，a graduate from China.Interested in the position advertised on your website，I'm now writing to apply for it. As far as I am concerned，teaching Chinese is a good way for me to communicate with foreign friends.Besides，I can introduce the Chinese culture to children in England，which will surel

54、y promote the understanding between the two nations.I am confident to perform well in the job.Firstly，I am fluent in both Chinese and English.Additionally，I am cooperative and creative in my work，which I believe will give me an advantage over other applicants. I have been dreaming of working for th

55、e Confucius Classroom，so I'd really appreciate it if you take me into consideration. Yours， Li Hua 技法四　巧妙的過渡，連貫的銜接 為使作文的上下文語義連貫，邏輯關系清晰，在句與句之間，段與段之間恰當地使用一些承上啟下的連接(過渡)性詞語是非常必要的。 1．表示起始關系的過渡性詞語 above all，first of all，to begin with，according to，as you know/as is known，as is shown in，when it comes

56、to等。 [例1]　First of all，I think it important to make more friends abroad. [例2]　As is shown in the picture，a tree is knocked down by the strong wind，while the grass stays as it is. 2．表示時間順序的過渡性詞語 first(ly)，second(ly)，third(ly)，then，later，in the end，finally，at last，after that，afterwards，since then，

57、meanwhile等。 [例1]　Secondly, we should get up early to memorize idioms and useful expressions. [例2]　Meanwhile, we all enjoyed the beauty of nature. [例3]　I had a bad cold last week.First, I had a running nose，but I did not take it seriously.Then I began to cough.After that，I had a fever and felt wea

58、k.Finally, I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days. 3．表示并列關系的過渡性詞語 and，or，also，as well as，neither ...nor ...，not only ...but also ...，either ...or ...，not ...but ...等。 [例1]　Work hard，and you will be admitted to a key university. [例2]　Swimming not only benefits our health，but

59、also helps us to become strong-minded. 4．表示轉折關系的過渡性詞語 [例1]　However，not until the match was over did we realize that we became the loser. [例2]　On the contrary，smart phones not only take up our valuable time，but also do great harm to our health. 5．表示因果關系的過渡性詞語 because，as，since，for，thanks to，due

60、 to，as a result of，so，therefore，as a result/consequence等。 [例1]　Thanks to the doctor's timely treatment，he was saved. [例2]　Therefore，I suggest we should be given more time for sports and sleep. 6．表示條件關系的過渡性詞語 [例1]　I would be very grateful if you can meet him at the airport. [例2]　As long as you

61、 don't lose heart，you're sure to succeed. 7．表示遞進關系的過渡性詞語 besides，in addition，what's more，furthermore，moreover，what's worse，still less，to make matters worse，worse still，on (the)one hand ...on the other (hand)...，for one thing ...for another ...等。 [例1]　In addition, we shouldn't neglect the fact tha

62、t everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society. [例2]　On the other hand, online shopping also has many disadvantages. 8．表示列舉事實的過渡性詞語 such as，for example/instance，take ...for example，that is to say，as follows，in other words等。 [例1]　Take Beijing for example，it is one of the oldest cities in the wo

63、rld. [例2]　That is to say，if you want to succeed，you have to believe in yourself. 9．表示觀點的過渡性詞語 in my opinion，in my view，in my point of view，as far as I am concerned，as for me，personally (speaking)，I think ...等。 [例1]　As far as I am concerned，I love wealth，but I value health more. [例2]　In my opini

64、on，people shall not smoke in public places. 10．表示總結的過渡性詞語 in short，in brief，in conclusion，in a/one word，to sum up，all in all，on the whole，in general，generally speaking等。 [例1]　In a word, success is important，and so is failure，because it's the mother of success. [例2]　All in all, traveling is the b

65、est choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges. (2018·全國卷Ⅲ)假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Peter 來信詢問你校學生體育運動情況。請給他回信，內容包括： 1．學校的體育場館； 2．主要的運動項目； 3．你喜歡的項目。 注意：1．詞數100左右； 2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

66、 考生作文 名師點評 作文提升 Dear Peter， I am delighted to hear from you.In your letter you asked me about the physical exercise in our school.I'd like to tell y