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1、2022屆高考英語一輪復習 語法專項突破 9 第九講 助動詞、情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣隨堂鞏固即時提升 北師大版
單句語法填空
1.(2018·江西師大附中等五校聯(lián)考)It has been accepted that all the students ____________put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.
shall 解析:在第三人稱作主語的陳述句中,表示規(guī)定、制度,應用shall。
2.(2017·天津卷單項填空)My room is a mess, but I
2、____________not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.
need 解析:由后面的“I can do it in the morning.”可知,此處表示“沒必要今晚打掃”,故用need符合語意。
3.(2015·四川卷短文改錯)What do you think I should do?If you ____________(be) me,would you talk to them?
were 解析: 根據(jù)語境可知,此處If引導的虛擬條件句是對現(xiàn)在事實的假設,條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞應用過
3、去式。
4.(江蘇卷)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,____________bring me food.
should 解析: 句意:讓我難過的是,他們自己那么貧窮,竟然還給我?guī)硎澄?。should可以表示說話人驚訝的語氣,意為“竟然”。
5.(2018·四川成都七中段考)The young firefighter insisted that he ____________(be) well-prepared and should be sent there to put out the fire.
was 解析: 句意:那
4、位年輕的消防員堅持說他準備好了,并且堅持要去那里救火。當insist意為“堅持說;堅持認為”時用陳述語氣,且根據(jù)主句時態(tài)為一般過去時可知,從句也應用過去時。且此處表達的是說話時所處的一種狀態(tài),故用一般過去時。故填was。
6.(2018·安徽黃山質檢)—I’m afraid I have to leave now, for you see,he is waiting for me.
—Well,if you ____________,at least wait till the heavy rain stops.
must 解析: 句意:——恐怕現(xiàn)在我不得不離開了,因為你知道,他在等我。
5、——好的,如果你非得走,至少要等到大雨停了再走。根據(jù)語境可知填must,意為“偏要;非得”。
7.(2018·安徽江淮十校聯(lián)考)As the deadline is drawing near, no one ____________leave with his own work unpleted.
shall 解析: 句意:由于截止日期即將到來,不完成工作,任何人不許離開。shall用于第三人稱陳述句中,表示命令、警告,符合句意。
8.(四川卷)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ____________take me t
6、o Disneyland at weekends.
would 解析: 句意:我還記得自己快樂的童年,那時,我媽媽常常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂園。此處would表示“過去常?!?,指過去習慣性的動作。
9.(江西卷)When I was a child,I ____________watch TV whenever I wanted to.
could 解析: 句意:我小的時候,想什么時候看電視,就什么時候看。此處發(fā)生在過去,用情態(tài)動詞could表示“能夠,被允許”,相當于was allowed to。
10.(浙江卷)They were abroad during the months w
7、hen we were carrying out the investigation,or they __________(e) to our help.
would have e 解析: 句意:在我們進行調查的幾個月里,他們在國外,否則他們會來給我們幫忙的。or意為“否則”,語境中隱含了一個條件,故本句為含蓄條件句。由上句中的were可知設空處表示與過去事實相反的假設,故主句謂語應用would have done形式。
單句改錯
1.(2018·南昌十校模擬)As a result,I suggest we are given less homework and more time
8、for out-of-classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.
____________________
are→be 解析:虛擬語氣錯誤。suggest在此處表示“建議”,因此其后跟的賓語從句應用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語用“should+do”形式,且should可以省略。故此處應把are改為be。
2.(2018·鄭州預測)He became very angry, but I dared not to tell him about the game.
____________
9、________
刪除to 解析:考查情態(tài)動詞。dare既可以作情態(tài)動詞又可以作實義動詞。dare的過去式為dared,此處其前沒有用助動詞,說明dare在此用作情態(tài)動詞,故后跟動詞原形。
3.(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)I should available any time after school next week.
____________________
should后加be 解析:助動詞后如果跟形容詞應該加be。
4.(2016·江蘇卷)Therefore,rules should worked out and strictly observed.
_____________
10、_______
should后加be 解析:句意:因此,應該制定規(guī)則并嚴格遵守。rules和work out之間是被動關系,故應用被動語態(tài)。
5.(2018·四川成都五校聯(lián)考)People neglect the fact that our parents are the dearest persons in the world, so we should nice to our parents. ____________________
should后加be 解析:情態(tài)動詞后用動詞原形,而nice為形容詞,因此其前缺少be動詞,故在should后加
11、be。
6.(2018·河北“五個一”名校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)There will a lecture in our library, at 4:00 on Wednesday afternoon. ____________________
will后加be 解析:情態(tài)動詞后用動詞原形,而a lecture為名詞,因此缺少be動詞,故在will后加be。
7.(2018·湖南衡陽八中模擬)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society. ____________________
should→can 解析:根據(jù)句意可知,表示“能,能夠”,應用can。