2020高考英語(yǔ) 最后30天語(yǔ)法精講 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

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1、2020;2020高考英語(yǔ) 最后30天語(yǔ)法精講 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have done sth 這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)有著特殊意義：用來(lái)表示猜測(cè)（設(shè)想可能發(fā)生過(guò)什么事情）或 想象（設(shè)想可能出現(xiàn)過(guò)什么不同的情況） ①should (ought to) have done sth 本來(lái)該做而未做 This wall oughtn’t to have been painted blue. ②need have done sth 本來(lái)有必要做而未做 You needn’t have told her the news. ③must have done sth 對(duì)過(guò)去所做動(dòng)作的肯定推

2、測(cè) ---We went to Paris. ---That must have been nice. ④can have done sth 對(duì)過(guò)去所做動(dòng)作的否定或疑問(wèn)推測(cè) I don’t think he can have heard you. Call again. Where can John have put the matches? ⑤may (might) have done sth 過(guò)去可能發(fā)生某事，與could相比，may和 might可能性較小，might 可能性更小；might 也可表示過(guò)去可能發(fā)生 而未發(fā)生的事情。 Polly’s very

3、late----she may (might) have missed her etrain. You were stupid to try climbing there. You might have killed youself ⑥could have done sth ●推測(cè)過(guò)去”可能“發(fā)生某事 （同can, 但can不用肯定句） She could have gone off with some friends. ●表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性：某事可能發(fā)生，但卻沒(méi)有發(fā)生 You were stupid to go skiing there----you could have

4、broken your leg. ●表示有能力做而未做（虛擬語(yǔ)氣） You could have helped me ! (You were able to help me, but you didn’t.) 2、can could be able to 表示”能力“ ●can 通常表示現(xiàn)在的或”一般的能力“---即你無(wú)論什么時(shí)候想做就能 做到的能力, 指單純的表示一個(gè)人有某種能力。 You can certainly cook, even if you can’t do anything else. ●be able to表示某人通過(guò)努力、克服

5、困難做成某事。 will be able to 表示將來(lái)的能力 I’ll be able to speak German in another few months. ●could 表達(dá) ”一般的能力“---即你過(guò)去想干什么就可以干什么 She could sing like an angel when she was a kid. 但could 不能表達(dá)過(guò)去某種具體的能力，此時(shí)用was able to, managed to 或 succeeded in 等 How many eggs were you able to get ? 3、can, could, may和m

6、ight 表示”可能性“ 　　●可用來(lái)表示：①理論上的可能性（不涉及是否真發(fā)生）；②提出建議 　　?。ㄌ岢鼋鉀Q某個(gè)問(wèn)題的可能辦法或者采取的行動(dòng)）；③在問(wèn)句或否定 　　　　句中表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的可能性） Anybody who wants to can become a prison visitor.　　① ---What shall we do ? ---We can try asking Lucy for help.?、? Who can that be at the door ? Can it be Polly?　　　?、? 　　●may　可用來(lái)表達(dá)：①將來(lái)的可能性；②說(shuō)話時(shí)

7、某事可能是真實(shí)的 We may go climbing this summer.　　?、? You may be right.　　　　　　　　　?、? 　　●could / might　可用來(lái)表示：?、僬f(shuō)話時(shí)某事可能是真實(shí)的；②將來(lái) 　　　　某事有可能發(fā)生，但不表示特別可能發(fā)生。 You could be right, but I don’t think you are.　　①　 It could rain later on this evening.　　　　?、? ４、can, could, may 和might表示“允許” 　　 ①請(qǐng)求允許：它們都可以表示請(qǐng)求允許做某事,

8、could 和 might并 　　　　不是表示過(guò)去 　　　　Can (May, Could) I borrow your umbrella ? 　　 ②允許：當(dāng)我們?cè)试S某人做某事時(shí)，我們用can和may來(lái)表達(dá)，而 　　　　不能使用could和might You may / can watch TV for as long as you like. (不用could, might; mustn’t 有“拒絕”的意思） 　　　---Could I use your phone? ---Yes, of course you can /may. (No, you can’t / ma

9、y not.) ５、can和could表示提議和請(qǐng)求 　　　它們常用來(lái)提議為某人做某事或請(qǐng)求別人做某事，could更客氣，更 　　含尊敬的成分，這種用法常見(jiàn)于陳述句和疑問(wèn)句中 　?、偬嶙h：　　　Can I carry your bag ? I could / can do the shopping for you, if you’re tired. 　?、谡?qǐng)求和命令： Could / Can you help me with this letter? You can / could start by cleaning the car. ６、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will ①預(yù)測(cè)未

10、來(lái)（第一人稱用shall)，或發(fā)布命令 ---There’s someone coming up the stairs. ---That’ll be Mary. You’ll start work at six o’clock. 　②自愿與意向 　　●I will (不用 I shall) 表示自愿做某事，或主動(dòng)提出做某事，或表達(dá) 　　　　堅(jiān)定的意圖 ---Can somebody help me ? --- I will. I’ll break your neck. ●will you常用來(lái)提出要求或下命令，或提出請(qǐng)求 Will

11、 you come this way, please? Will you have some more wine ? ●用won’t表示拒絕 　　　　No, I won’t ! She won’t open the door. ７、shall 用于第一人稱，表示征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)(說(shuō)話人做某事)。 用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示。 用于第二、第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。 8、常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答 　 ①---Must we hand in our plan ? ---Ye

12、s, you must. (No, you needn’t.) ②---Need I come ? ---Yes, you must. (No, you needn’t.) ③---May I smoke here ? ---Yes, please. (Certainly. / Yes, you may. ) (No, you mustn’t. / may not. / Please don’t.) ④---Could / Can I offer you some coffee ? (提議) (---Will / Would you have som

13、e coffee ?) ---Yes, please. / Yes, I’d like some ,please. (不用Yes, you can.) (No, thank you.) (不用No, you can’t.) ⑤---Could / Can / Would / Will you (please) open the door ?(請(qǐng)求) 　　　 ---Yes, of course (I will). (No, I’m afraid I can’t.) 情 態(tài) 動(dòng) 詞 專 項(xiàng) 練 習(xí) 1.He’s in good health. Every mor

14、ning he ____ for a walk in the park. A. shall go B. go C. will go D. is going 2. —Would you open the door, please? —Yes, I ____. A.will B. do C. would D. can 3.Whenever I was in trouble, she ____ come to my help. A.was used to B. would C.always D. should

15、 4.Help me with the heavy box, ____ you? A. don’t B.will C. do D. shall 5. —____ he open the window? —Yes, please. A. Shall B. Will C. Ought D. Would 6.You ____ that article yesterday. A. should finish B. would have finished C. should have fi

16、nished D. ought to finish 7.Why did you keep it a secret from me? I ____ about. A.should be told B. ought to have been told C.should have told D. ought to be told 8.She ____ yesterday. Her mother was waiting for her all day. A. must have come B. should have come C. wo

17、uld have come D. ought to come 9. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. —It ____ a comfortable journey. A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been 10.It’s nearly six o’clock. Tom ____ be here

18、at any moment. A. ought B. need C. should D. can 11. You are running a fever. You ____ to see the doctor. A. need go B. must have gone C. should go D. can 12. After two days in the earthquake on May14 the little boy _____ climb out of the debris A. could B. should C. was

19、able to D. would 13. —Do you have to take care of your father at home? —Yes, I ____. A. will have B. have to C. do D. shall 14.You look very tired. You ____ to bed too late last night. A. must go B.must have gone C. could go D. didn’t go 15.Mr. Smith promised to come at six,

20、 but it is already nine. He ____ missed the train. A. will have B. has to have C.may have D. ought to have 16. A left—luggage office is a place where bags ____be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D. will 17. How ___ y

21、ou say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article? A. can B. must C. need D. may 18. — The room is so dirty._____ we clean it? --Of course. A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do 19. My English-Chinese dictionary ha

22、s disappeared. Who ___ have taken it? A. should B. must C. could D. would 20.—Is John coming by train? ---He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may 21.—I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.

23、 --It ____ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be 22．It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all the paper have been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. shall 23.—I hear you’ve

24、got a set of valuable Australian coins.___ I have a look? --Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should 24. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach, I ____ so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten C. shouldn’t have eaten D.

25、mustn’t eat 25.I was really anxious about you. You ___ home without a word. A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave 26. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentlemen ___ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should

26、 D. would 27. I wonder how he ___ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared to say 28.?You?know?he?is?not?going?to?let?us?leave?early?if?we?_______?get?the?work?done. (2020;2020年上海春季高考題) A.?can't? B.?may?not? C.?shouldn't? D.?mustn't 29.?He?

27、_______?have?completed?his?work;?otherwise,?he?wouldn’t?be?enjoying?himself?by?the?seaside.??(2020;2020年北京高考題) A.?should B.?must C.?wouldn’t ???D.?can’t 30.?—Why?didn’t?you?attend?the?lecture?yesterday? —I?didn’t?think?that?we?_______?on?Sundays. A.?should B.?ought?to?have C.?shouldn’t?

28、have .? D.will?have?to?? 31.?I?was?on?the?highway?when?this?car?went?past?followed?by?a?police?car.?They?_______?at?least?150?kilometers?an?hour.?(2020;2020年重慶高考題) A.?should?have?been?doing B.?must?have?been?doing C.?could?have?done D.?would?have?done 32.?—I?hear?you?have?written?a

29、?novel. —Yes,?the?book?_______?be?out?in?a?month?or?also.?(2020;2020年安徽模擬題) A.?can B.?dare C.?should D.?need 33.?On?Sundays?when?I?was?a?child,?Father?and?I?_______?get?up?early?and?go?fishing.????(2020;2020年鹽城模擬題) A.?could B.?would? C.?might D.?should 34.?—I’ve?taken?someone?el

30、se’s?green?sweater?by?mistake. —It?______?Harry’s.?He?always?wears?green.?(2020;2020年廣東省高考題) A.?could?be B.?will?be C.?mustn’t?be D.?has?to?be 35.?I?_______?have?been?more?than?six?years?old?when?the?accident?happened. (2020;2020年天津高考題) A.?shouldn’t? B.?couldn’t? C.?mustn’t? D.?need

31、n’t 36.?—The?women?biologist?stayed?in?Africa?studying?wild?animals?for?13?years?before?she?returned. —Oh,?dear!?She?_______?a?lot?of?difficulties!?(2020;2020年江蘇省高考題) A.?may?go?through B.?might?go?through C.?ought?to?have?gone?through D.?must?have?gone?through 37.?Helen?_______?g

32、o?on?the?trip?with?us,?but?she?isn’t?quite?sure?yet.?( 05年安徽 ) A.?shall B.?must C.?may D.?can 38.?Tom,?you?_______?leave?all?your?clothes?on?the?floor?like?this!?( 05年全國(guó)I 題) A.?wouldn’t? B.?mustn’t? C.?needn’t? D.?may?not 39.?There?_______?be?any?difficulty?about?passing?th

33、e?road?test?since?you?have practiced?a?lot?in?the?driving?school.?(2020;2020年上海高考題) A.?mustn’t? B.?shan’t C.?shouldn’t? D.?needn’t 40.?The?World?Wide?Web?is?sometimes?jokingly?called?the?World?Wide?Wait?because?it?_______?be?very?slow.?(2020;2020年浙江省高考題) A.?should B.?must C.?will

34、 D.?can 41.?—Lucy?doesn’t?mind?lending?you?her?dictionary. —She?_______.?I’ve?already?borrowed?one.?(2020;2020年湖南省高考題) A.?can’t B.?mustn’t? C.?needn’t D.?shouldn’t 42.?—Do?you?know?where?David?is??I?couldn’t?find?him?anywhere. —Well.?He?_______?have?gone?far—his?coat’s?still?here.?(2

35、020;2020年湖北省高考題) A.?shouldn’t B.?mustn’t C.?can’t D.?wouldn’t 43 .?—I’m?thinking?of?losing?weight?these?days. (2020;2020年廣東模擬題) —Oh,?you?_______?be?out?of?your?mind.?You’re?50?kilograms?at?the?most. A.?will B.?should C.?may D.?must 44.?—Are?you?in?a?hurry? —No,?in?fact,?I’v

36、e?got?plenty?of?time.?I?_______?wait.?(2020;2020年湖南模擬題) A.?must B.?can C.?may D.?should 45．You?_____to?the?meeting?this?afternoon?if?you?have?something?important?to?do． A．needn’t?to?come??????????????? ?B．don’t?need?come C．don’t?need?coming??????????????D．needn’t?come 46．Put?on?more?clo

37、thes．You?_______be?feeling?cold?with?only?a?shirt?on． A．can???????B．could???????????C．would?????????D．must 47．—There?were?already?five?people?in?the?car?but?they?managed?to?take?me?as?well —It_______a?comfortable?journey． A．can’t?be????　B．shouldn’t?be C．mustn’t?have?been????D．couldn’t?have?be

38、en 48．I?think?all?drivers?_______seat?belts． A．should?wear????B．had?better?wear????C．can?wear????D．have?to?wear 49．—Don’t?forget?to?come?to?my?birthday?party?tomorrow． —?_______. A．I?don’t???????B．1?won’t????????C．I?can’t????D．I?haven’t 50．I?to1d?Sally?how?to?get?here，but?perhaps?I?_______it?o

39、ut?for?her． A．had?to?write?B．must?have?written??C．should?have?written??D．ought?to?write 51．Peter?_______come?with?us?tonight，but?he?isn’t?very?sure?yet. A．must??????????B．may??????????????C．can?????????D．will 52．A?computer_______think?for?itself；it?must?be?told?what?to?do． A．can’t????????B．coul

40、dn’t????????C．need????????D．would 53．Jenny_______have?kept?her?word．I?wonder?why?she?changed?her?mind． A．must??????????B．should???????????C．need????????D．would 54． ---Could?I?borrow?your?dictionary? ---Yes，of?course?you?_______． A．might?????????B．will?????????????C．can?????????D．should 55．—I?h

41、eard?they?went?skiing?in?the?mountains?last?winter． —It_______true?because?there?was?1ittle?snow?there． A．may?not?be????B．won’t?be????C．couldn’t?be????D．mustn’t?be -情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)答案 1-5 CABBA 6-10 CBBDC 11-15 CCBBC 16-20 BABCD 21-25 CDBCB 26-30 CDABA 31-35 BCBAB 36-40 DCBCD 41-45 CCDBD 46-50 DDABC 51-55 BABCC