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1、初中英語單詞所有不規(guī)則單詞復(fù)數(shù) 過去式 過去分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞單復(fù)同形的單詞people人們 deer鹿 sheep山羊 means方法 works工廠 Swiss瑞士人 Chinese中國(guó)人 glasses眼鏡 pants褲子trousers褲子 一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化 1)一般情況加s. eg: map-maps bag-bags car-cars 2)以s,sh,ch,x等結(jié)尾的詞加es. eg:bus-buses watch-watches 3)以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等結(jié)尾(或說以e結(jié)尾)的詞加s eg: license-licenses 4)以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的詞變y 為i再加
2、es eg: baby-babies 二、名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化 1)child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men woman-women 注意:與 man 和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women。 2)單復(fù)同形 eg: deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 但除人民幣元、角、分外,美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meter
3、s 3)集體名詞,以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。 eg: people police cattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù),不能說 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以說 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名詞,表示國(guó)民總稱時(shí),作復(fù)數(shù)用。 eg: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中國(guó)人民是勤勞勇敢的。 4)以s結(jié)尾,仍為單數(shù)的名詞,如: a. maths,
4、politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞,為不可數(shù)名詞,是單數(shù)。 b. news 是不可數(shù)名詞。 c. the United States,the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 聯(lián)合國(guó)是1945年組建起來的。 d. 以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名,劇名,報(bào)紙,雜志名,也可視為單數(shù)。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 是一本非常有趣的故事書。 5) 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西,如:glasses (眼鏡) trousers, clothes
5、 若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對(duì),雙); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6)另外還有一些名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思,如:goods貨物,waters水域,fishes(各種)魚 三、 1)當(dāng)there be 句型的主語是一系列事物時(shí),謂語應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the
6、 class. 2)當(dāng)either or 與neither nor, 連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與最鄰近的主語保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引導(dǎo),而主語又不止一個(gè)時(shí),謂語通常也和最鄰近的主語一致。 Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 3)當(dāng)主語后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞引起的短語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一致。 The teacher tog
7、ether with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating. 四、謂語需用單數(shù) 1) 代詞each和由every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語,或主語中含有each, every, 謂語需用單數(shù)。 Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2) 當(dāng)主語是一本書或一條格言時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。 The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 是英語愛好者熟悉的一本好書。 3) 表示金錢,時(shí)間,價(jià)格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語 時(shí),通常把這些名詞看作一個(gè)整體,謂語一般用單數(shù)。(用復(fù)數(shù)也可,意思不變。) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough