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1、第二部分專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法高效突破,專項(xiàng)11動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成,高頻考點(diǎn)精講,2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法,①不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。如:ThewatchismadeinChina.這塊手表是在中國(guó)制造的。②沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。如:Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.每年必須種更多的樹(shù)。③需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者。如:Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越來(lái)越多的人說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。,④說(shuō)話或發(fā)表意見(jiàn)時(shí),為了顯得客觀公正,常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。常用句型:Itissaidthat...據(jù)說(shuō)……It
2、isreportedthat...據(jù)報(bào)道……Itis(well)knownthat...眾所周知……如:Itissaidthatwe’llhaveanewmanager.聽(tīng)說(shuō)我們要有新經(jīng)理了。ItisbelievedthatprintingwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.一般相信印刷術(shù)最早是由中國(guó)人發(fā)明的。Itisreportedthatatrafficaccidenttookplaceearlythismorning.據(jù)報(bào)道今天清晨有車(chē)禍發(fā)生。,,考點(diǎn)2被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊形式,1.主動(dòng)句中感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,watch,feel等和使役動(dòng)詞make,let,hav
3、e等后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)加上不定式的符號(hào)to。如:Thegreatnewsmadeherfeelhappy.→Shewasmadetofeelhappybythegreatnews.這好消息使她很高興。2.need,require,want,worth等后跟動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如:Hisbikeneedsmending.他的自行車(chē)需要修一下。3.特殊結(jié)構(gòu)“makeoneselfheard/understood”和“have/getsth.done”。如:Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.我昨天剪頭發(fā)了。,十年真題全練,近十年來(lái),臨沂中考對(duì)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查
4、一般是1至2道小題,考查形式以單項(xiàng)填空和動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用兩種題型為主。預(yù)測(cè)在2018年臨沂中考中,單項(xiàng)填空和動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用仍然會(huì)有1道題考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主要有三種時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,考點(diǎn)1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),1.[2016臨沂,19]NowallChinesecouples____tohavetwochildren.A.a(chǎn)llowB.a(chǎn)llowedC.a(chǎn)reallowedD.wereallowed,C,2.[2012臨沂,33]Everyyear,morethan70,000,000sharks____fortheirfins.A.werekilledB.havekill
5、edC.a(chǎn)rekilledD.willkilled3.[2009臨沂,31]Theworldhasabigheadacheandit____bymoney.ItbeganinAmericalastyear.A.causeB.causesC.iscausedD.a(chǎn)recaused4.[2008臨沂,89]Dangerousdrivingcausesmanyaccidents.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Manyaccidents________bydangerousdriving.,C,C,are,caused,考點(diǎn)2一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),5.[2017臨沂,24]Theyhavecollectedmore
6、than14,000bookssincethelibrary____lastmonth.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.isbuilt6.[2014臨沂,18]Threebridges____overtheriverfiveyearsago.A.builtB.buildC.werebuiltD.a(chǎn)rebuilt7.[2013臨沂,33]—DoyouknowEarthDay?—Sure.It____in1970totellustoprotectourplanet.A.setsupB.setupC.issetupD.wassetup,B,C,D,考點(diǎn)3含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),
7、8.[2015臨沂,24]Teenagersshould____totakecareofthemselvesfromayoungage.A.educateB.beeducatingC.haveeducatedD.beeducated,猜押預(yù)測(cè),單項(xiàng)填空1.WiththedevelopmentofChina,Chinese____byalargenumberofpeopleintheworld.A.speaksB.isspokenC.speakD.isspeaking2.Smartphones____intheclassroom.A.a(chǎn)ren’tallowedB.a(chǎn)ren’tallowingC.
8、allowD.isallowed,D,B,A,3.Paper____first______about2,000yearsagoinChina.A.is;creatingB.is;createdC.has;createdD.was;created4.—China’s23rdBeidouSatellite____intospaceonJune12,2016.—AsChinese,weareproudofit.A.hassentB.issentC.willsendD.wassent5.Childrenshould____tobehonestfromayoungage.A.educateB.beeducatedC.punishD.bepunished,D,D,B,