外研社高二英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)精講教案

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1、精品文檔，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 高二英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)外研社 【本講教育信息】 一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容： 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 二. 重難點(diǎn)講解： 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 在接下來(lái)的時(shí)間里將給大家介紹一下動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。 到目前為止大家應(yīng)該知道，動(dòng)詞共有16種時(shí)態(tài)和兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)。 在時(shí)態(tài)方面，考題中主要涉及到其中的10種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來(lái)完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：通常有六種用法，其中最重要的考點(diǎn)是：在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作；安排或計(jì)劃好的

2、將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 如：1>. The train for Shanghai leaves at 11a.m and arrives at 11p.m. 2>. As soon as the manager comes back, I will tell him about it. 2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)： 關(guān)于該時(shí)態(tài)最主要請(qǐng)大家掌握它的概念：一個(gè)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去結(jié)束于過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，或存在的狀態(tài)。記住這一點(diǎn)很重要，需要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)區(qū)分。 如：The other day she ran across an old friend in the street. 3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)： 除了用will + 動(dòng)詞

3、原形表示該時(shí)態(tài)外，還有： 1> Be going to do sth： She is going to go abroad next year. 2> Be about to do sth： Please fasten your safety belt, for the plane is about to take off. 3> Be to do sth： There is to be a class meeting this afternoon. 4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 除了眾所周知的表正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作外，還有如下特殊用法： 預(yù)計(jì)一個(gè)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；常與某些副詞連用，表示某種感情色彩，如

4、贊嘆、驚訝或不滿。 如：1> How many of you are going to the party tonight. 2> The teacher is always criticizing us. 5. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：這應(yīng)該是五個(gè)基本時(shí)態(tài)中最令大家迷惑的一個(gè)。該時(shí)態(tài)分為已完成和未完成兩種。常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志性的詞有：since, for, already, so far, up to now, in the last few years, in the past three months etc. 如：1> He has lived here since he got married.

5、 2> In the past two decades, research has expanded our knowledge about sleep and dreams. 3> In the last ten years great changes have taken place in China. 6. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：只有一個(gè)考點(diǎn)：用于主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的間接引語(yǔ)中，遵循時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)原則。 如：she said she would pay us a visit when she had enough time. 7. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)一

6、直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 如：1> At nine o’clock last night, I was counting the stars in the sky. 2> When the girl came in, the two dogs were fighting for a bone. 3> While I was preparing for the exam, the power was cut off. 8. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)：別名“過(guò)去的過(guò)去?！笨碱}中對(duì)該時(shí)態(tài)的使用有要求，只有當(dāng)句中有一個(gè)動(dòng)作是過(guò)去時(shí)，才有可能用過(guò)去完成。 如：1> The film had almost finish

7、ed when I got to the cinema. 2> By the time he was ten, he had built himself a chemistry lab. 9. 將來(lái)完成時(shí)：該時(shí)態(tài)只有一個(gè)考點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)大家注意與過(guò)去完成的區(qū)別： 如：By the time he is ten, he will have built himself a chemistry lab. 10. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在以前一直發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行過(guò)程中的不間斷，常有背景句作為鋪墊。 如：—You are all wet! —Yes, I have been pla

8、ying basketball all the morning. 語(yǔ)態(tài)：主要考察被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。基本公式：主語(yǔ) + be + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。 還有一個(gè)要點(diǎn)大家需記?。褐挥屑拔飫?dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 除了大家熟悉的基本用法外，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還有一些特殊用法，比如用主動(dòng)的形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)的概念，顧名思義，看起來(lái)是主動(dòng)，實(shí)則為被動(dòng)。 下面，我們將英文中常見(jiàn)的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義的情況總結(jié)一下： 1> 動(dòng)詞read, sell, last, wash, write, lock等帶狀語(yǔ),如well, easily時(shí). e.g.① This kind of cloth washes easily.（這種布好

9、洗） ② The meeting lasted three hours.（會(huì)議持續(xù)了三個(gè)小時(shí)） ③ My new pen writes well. （我的新鋼筆好寫） 2> 感官動(dòng)詞feel, look, smell, sound, taste, prove等與形容詞連用時(shí). e.g. ①You look very well today. ② Your bedroom smelt so terrible. ③ My words proved right. 3> begin, end, stop, open, close等表示開(kāi)，關(guān)，結(jié)束的含義時(shí)，及break out, take

10、 place, happen等動(dòng)詞表示爆發(fā)，發(fā)生概念時(shí)。 e.g. ① The library opens at ten. ② Class begins at half past eight. ③ An earthquake took place in Tang Shan in 1976. 4> 某些做表語(yǔ)的形容詞后，用不定式的主動(dòng)形式。 e.g. ① The question is easy to answer. ② His clothes are hard to wash. ③ The fish is not fit to eat. ④ He has an importan

11、t meeting to attend. 【典型例題】 1. I can guess you were in a hurry. You your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing 2. — We that you would fix the TV set this week. — I’m sorry. I to, but I’ve been too busy. A. had expected； had intende

12、d B. are expecting； had intended C. expect； intend D. expected； intend 3. He will stop showing off, if no notice of him. A. is taken B. will be taken C. takes D. has taken 4. — It is said that another new car factory now. — Yeah. It one and

13、 a half years. A. is building；takes B. is being built；will take C. is built；will take D. is being built；takes 5. — I’m sorry, but I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. — You your temper but that’s OK. A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losi

14、ng 6. — Why? Tom, your shirt is so dirty! — Mum, I my storeroom downstairs。 A. cleaned B. have worked C. was cleaning D. have been cleaning 7. They won’t buy new clothes because they money to buy a color TV set. A. save B. are saving C. has saved D. were sa

15、ving 8. Good heavens! There you are! We anxious about you, and we you back throughout the night. A. are；expect B. were；had expected C. have been；were expecting D. are；were expecting 9. I’ve finally finished my paper and it me an entire month. A. takes B.

16、took C. was taken D. had taken 10. The traffic in our city is already good and it even better. A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting 11. — Has Jack finished his homework yet? — I have no idea；he it this morning. A. was doing B. had b

17、een doing C. has done D. did 12. — I will come to attend your lecture at 10：00 tomorrow. — I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I my guests in my office. A. is being met B. will meet C. will be meeting D. will have met 13. — Alice came back home the day befo

18、re yesterday. — Really ? Where ? A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. had she gone 14. John and I friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we each other a couple of times before that. A. had been；have met B.

19、have been；have met C. had been；had met D. have been；had met 15. I ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play 16. I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I my mum. A. take B.

20、am taking C. have taken D. will have taken 17. — You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? — I’ m sorry I anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say 18. — Where

21、 ? — I got stuck in the heavy traffic. I here earlier. A. did you go； had arrived B. have you been；would have been C. were you；would come D. are you；was 19. I know Mr. Brown；we to each other at an international conference. A. are introduced

22、 B. have been introduced C. were introduced D. had been introduced 20. —Where do you think he the computer? — Sorry. I have no idea. A. has ；bought B.／；bought C. did ；buy D. had ；bought 21. — I to a party, but I’ve got nothing to wear.

23、— Why don’t you have a dress made for the party? A. was asked B. will ask C. have asked D. have been asked 22. I didn’t like Aunt Lucy, who without warning and bringing us presents. A. always turned up B. has always turned up C. was always turning up

24、 D. was always turned up 23. — What do you think of this kind of TV set, which in Shanghai? — Well, I don’t care such things. A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made 24. — Tom, did Mr. Li join you in your discussion? — No, he , but he happened

25、to have fallen ill. A. would like to B. will C. was to have D. was going to join 25. — Did he notice you enter the room? — I don’t think so. He＿＿to the radio with his eyes shut. A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. had listened 26. The plane at 7：0

26、0 p.m., so I have to be at the airport by 6：40 at the latest. A. has left B. is to leave C. will have left D. leaves 27. The train at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight. A. went B. is going C. goes D. will be go

27、ing 28. Look at this! I some magazines and this letter. A. was looking through；found B. am looking through；find C. looked through；had found D. had looked through；finding 29. — you the editor at the airport? — No, he away before my arrival. A. Have

28、...met； has driven B. Had...met； was driven C. Did...meet； had been driven D. Have...met； had driven 30. — Can you give me the right answer? — Sorry, I .Would you repeat that question? A. hadn’t listened B. haven’t listened C. don’t listen D. wasn’t listening 答案：

29、 1. D。can guess 這一現(xiàn)在猜測(cè)是建立在眼前所見(jiàn)情景的基礎(chǔ)上的，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 2. A。expect, intend, want, wish, hope, plan 等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成式可表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、愿望、打算等。 3. A。如主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，在時(shí)間、條件和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。又因if 從句是take notice of...的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，故選A。 4. B。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)與build之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系和now，可知要選現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；因工廠正在修建，花費(fèi)一年半應(yīng)指將來(lái)。 5. C。shouldn’ t have done 表示“過(guò)去本不應(yīng)……

30、”。You did lose your temper 是You lost your temper 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。 6. D?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)到現(xiàn)在一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 7. B。句意為：他們（現(xiàn)在）不愿買新衣服，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)跀€錢買電視。由此可見(jiàn)，攢錢是現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 8. C。擔(dān)心是從過(guò)去某時(shí)到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；expect 是在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間里（整個(gè)晚上）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 9. B。論文已完成，花費(fèi)一個(gè)月時(shí)間應(yīng)指過(guò)去；某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間用sth.takes sb.some time 結(jié)構(gòu)。 10. D。交通現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)好了，在此基

31、礎(chǔ)上正在變得更好。 11. A。題干沒(méi)有構(gòu)成“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，不可選B。如選C、D則表示動(dòng)作已完成，與have no idea相矛盾。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，不涉及結(jié)果，正好附合題干語(yǔ)境。 12. C。by then 是指將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，排除A。再由句意可知，meet指的是到了十點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)將正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 13. B。問(wèn)句問(wèn)的是前天回來(lái)之前去了哪兒，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。注意had gone表示人未回來(lái)，與第一句相矛盾。 14. D。for＋時(shí)間段表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)延續(xù)至今的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；meet發(fā)生在got to know 這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

32、 15. D。用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)。 16. B。come, go, leave, arrive, take 等動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)表砂將來(lái)。 17. D。表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有做某事應(yīng)用去時(shí)。又因句子沒(méi)有“過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行”之意，幫排除A。 18. B。問(wèn)對(duì)方“去了哪里”，指的是從過(guò)去某時(shí)到現(xiàn)在為止的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；第二個(gè)空格是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣和主句，條件狀語(yǔ)從句If I hadn’ t got stuck in the heavy traffic 被省略。 19. C。在一個(gè)國(guó)際會(huì)議上被介紹顯然發(fā)生在過(guò)去。 20. B。此句為復(fù)雜特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)，即“疑問(wèn)詞＋do you t

33、hink （believe, suppose, expect, imagine, say, consider, guess等）＋其它（陳述語(yǔ)序）?”。 21. D。由but 分句中的現(xiàn)在時(shí)和答語(yǔ)所提建議內(nèi)容，可知應(yīng)選現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 22. C。always, often, constantly, forever, all the time 等副詞與現(xiàn)在（過(guò)去）進(jìn)行時(shí)連用，表示某種反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，往往帶有厭惡、不滿、責(zé)備或贊揚(yáng)等意味。 23. B。這種電視產(chǎn)于上海是客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 24. C。C項(xiàng)是was to have joined us in our discus

34、sion 的省略形式。was／were ＋ to have done表示原來(lái)計(jì)劃、安排要做的事，而實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有做。 25. B。當(dāng)時(shí)他在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。 26. D。表示按時(shí)刻表或日程安排要發(fā)生的事,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 27. D。從句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故主句要用將來(lái)時(shí)。將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 28. A。Look at this!說(shuō)明東西已找到。緊接著說(shuō)是怎樣找到的。 29. C。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)，問(wèn)句中的meet是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，可排除A、D。但不能選B，因?yàn)闆](méi)有構(gòu)成“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。答語(yǔ)中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示在我到達(dá)（過(guò)去動(dòng)作）之前他已被人用車接走。 3

35、0. D?！皼](méi)聽(tīng)”發(fā)生在對(duì)方（過(guò)去）問(wèn)問(wèn)題時(shí)，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 【模擬試題】 31. I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I coffee. A. prefer B. preferred C. have preferred D. am preferring 32. — Was the driving pleasant when you went to Mexico last summer? — No, it for four days when we arrived,

36、so the roads were very muddy. A. was raining B. had been raining C. would be raining D. rained 33. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They too long. A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked 34. — Remember the first time we met, Jim? — Of course I do. Yo

37、u in the library. A. were reading B. had read C. have read D. read 35. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well. A. have told； washes B. have been told； washes C. was told； washed D. have been told； is washed 36. — What were you up to when your pare

38、nts came in? — I for a while and some reading. A. was playing； was going to do B. played； did C. had played； was going to do D. had played； did 37. — Sorry, I forget to post the letter for you. — Never mind, it myself tonight. A. I’m going to post B. I’ve decided

39、to post C. I’ll post D. I’d rather post 38. I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but . A. I’m not invited B. I was not invited C. I have not been invited D. I had not been invited 39. — Is Tom still smoking? — No. By next Saturday he for a whole mo

40、nth without smoking a single cigarette. A. will go B. will have gone C. will have been D. has been going 40. All but one take part in the conference tomorrow. A. is going to； that is to take place B. are going to； that is about to take place C. are going to； that is to be ta

41、ken place D. are going to； which is to be held 41. — Are you a visitor here? — That’s right. I round the world and now my dream of coming to China true. A. have traveled； has come B. was traveling； had been come C. am traveling； has come D. have traveled； has been co

42、me 42. — Betty this morning? — Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon. A. Have you seen B. Will you see C. Do you see D. Did you see 43. Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Never him talk so much. A. I heard B. did I hear C. I had heard D. ha

43、d I heard 44. The children very quiet；I wonder what they up to. A. were； are being B. are being；are C. are；do D. are being；do 45. — Look at the black clouds. It soon. — Sure. If only we out. A. is raining； didn’t come B. is to rain； won’t start C. will

44、 rain； haven’t started D. is going to rain； hadn’t come 46. He articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he about forty articles. A. has been writing； has written B. has been writing； wrote C. is writing； has been writing D. has written； has written

45、 47. She to the office than she got down to writing the report. A. has no sooner got B. had hardly got C. no sooner got D. had no sooner got 48. When he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledge from practice and he gained his experience by

46、doing a lot of practical work. A. was coming B. had come C. comes D. would come 49. In this experiment, they are woken up several times during the night, and asked to report what they . A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming C. have just been dreaming

47、 D. had just dreamt 50. — What’s the matter? — The shoes don’t fit properly. They my feet. A. are hurting B. will hurt C. have hurt D. are hurt [參考答案] http// 31. A。此題選A表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)。prefer屬表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，不能用于進(jìn)時(shí)。 32. B。表示在過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作之前一直在進(jìn)行，并有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作，要用過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 33. A。cook發(fā)生在di

48、dn’ t taste very good 之前，且與主語(yǔ)之間有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 34.A。read 發(fā)生在the first time we met之時(shí), 故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 35. B。動(dòng)詞wash, lock, sell, wear, write read, open, shut, clean等動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是物，且又表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)時(shí)，要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 36. C。play 在came in 之前已完成，而do some reading 的動(dòng)作則即將開(kāi)始。 37. C。will／shall ＋v.表示臨時(shí)的決定，而be going to 表示已決定或

49、安排要做的事。 38. B。would ／ should like ＋ to have done表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，故“未受邀請(qǐng)”應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 39.B。by 后跟將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句要用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。go without 意為“在缺……的情況下對(duì)付”。 40. D。all but one 主語(yǔ)是all，且all在此指人，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；take place 屬不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；be about to后面不能跟具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 41. C。由對(duì)話情景可知，“周游世界”是現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而“實(shí)現(xiàn)”是到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止已完成的動(dòng)作；come true不能用于被動(dòng)

50、語(yǔ)態(tài)。 42. A。詢問(wèn)到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止一段時(shí)間內(nèi)某動(dòng)作是否發(fā)生，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 43. D。hear 發(fā)生在talked這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前；never是含有否定意義的副詞，放在句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 44. B。be用于進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示一個(gè)暫時(shí)的特點(diǎn)或表現(xiàn)。What they are up to相當(dāng)于What they are doing。 45. D。根據(jù)目前跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用be going to；if only 意為“但愿”，其后的句子用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 46. A。由these three years可知應(yīng)選現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示“寫”從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)至今，并有可能繼續(xù)下去；“寫了40 篇”用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示到現(xiàn)在為止已完成的動(dòng)作。 47. D。no sooner...than和hardly（scarcely）...when 均表示“一……就……”，且主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 48. C。賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)。 49. C。dream是從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一延續(xù)到are woken up...and asked to report...這一現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作之前的動(dòng)作，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 50. A。由What’ s the matter 和don’ t fit 可知，hurt是現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 【精品文檔】第 9 頁(yè)