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1、第二部分第二部分 專項語法專項語法 高效突破高效突破專項專項9 9動詞的分類及動詞短語動詞的分類及動詞短語高頻考點高頻考點精講精講1.實義動詞考點考點1 1 動詞的分類動詞的分類分類用法例詞例句及物動詞本身意義不完整，后面必須跟賓語意義才完整，常用于三種句型：(1)主語謂語(及物動詞)賓語；(2)主語謂語(及物動詞)賓語賓語補足語；(3)主語謂語(及物動詞)間接賓語直接賓語need，want，have，teach，make等He reached China the day before yesterday.他前天到中國的。They asked me to go swimming with th
2、em.他們讓我和他們一起去游泳。I will return him the ruler.我準(zhǔn)備把尺子還給他。不及物動詞意義完整，其后不必跟賓語；若跟賓語，則不及物動詞需要跟適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~連用come，go，run，travel，listen，swim，live，work等Mary is swimming.瑪麗正在游泳。Look at the blackboard.看黑板。I like listening to music.我喜歡聽音樂。2連系動詞連系動詞不能單獨作謂語，必須與表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。分類例詞例句be動詞am，is，are，was，were等Im a girl with short hai
3、r.我是一個留著短發(fā)的女孩。感官類look，sound，smell，taste，feel等His plan sounds good.他的計劃聽起來很好。The food tastes good.這種食物嘗起來不錯。變化類become，get，grow，go，turn等Mr.Blacks face turned red.布萊克先生的臉變紅了。狀態(tài)類keep，stay，remain等The shop stays open till 8 in the evening.商店一直營業(yè)到晚上8點。3.助動詞助動詞本身沒有詞義，不能單獨作謂語，只能和別的動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等特征，幫助構(gòu)成
4、否定、疑問、強調(diào)、省略等結(jié)構(gòu)。主要的助動詞有be，do，have，shall，will等。分類用法例句beam/is/are動詞ing形式現(xiàn)在進行時；was/were動詞ing形式過去進行時；be過去分詞被動語態(tài)The boy is playing basketball now.這個男孩現(xiàn)在在打籃球。The students were reading English when the teacher came in.當(dāng)老師進來的時候，學(xué)生們在讀英語。Chinese is spoken by most of people in the world.世界上大多數(shù)人說漢語。do形式有do，does，
5、did，用于構(gòu)成疑問句和否定句，或用在動詞前加強語氣Do you come from Japan？你來自日本嗎？He doesnt like music at all.他根本不喜歡音樂。havehave/has過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時；had過去分詞過去完成時；have/hasbeen動詞ing形式現(xiàn)在完成進行時He has lived here for ten years.他住在這里已經(jīng)10年了。By the time I arrived the bus stop，the bus had left.當(dāng)我到達汽車站的時候，汽車已經(jīng)離開了。We have been studying in this s
6、chool for three years.我們一直在這所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)了三年。will/shallwill/shall動詞原形一般將來時；would/should動詞原形過去將來時Shall we go fishing tomorrow？我們明天去釣魚好嗎？You should lie down and rest.你應(yīng)該躺下休息。4.情態(tài)動詞分類含義用法例句can(could)能；會表示能力(be able to)Tom can swim.Tom is able to swim.湯姆會游泳?？梢?疑問句中)表示請求Can I help you？我能幫助你嗎？Could you give us so
7、me advice？你可以給我們一些建議嗎？can可能；cant不可能(否定句、疑問句中)表示可能性Can the news be true？這則消息是真的嗎？The boy cant be Jim.Hes much taller.那個男孩不可能是吉姆，他高得多?？键c考點2 2 常見的動詞辨析常見的動詞辨析形狀相同的動詞辨析lie與lay；rise與raise 意義相近的動詞辨析borrow，lend與keep；speak，say，tell與talk；hope與wish；take，spend，cost與pay；look for，find與find out；listen to與hear；look
8、 at與see；get，arrive與reach；answer與reply；take，bring與carry形狀不同，意義不同，但容易混淆的動詞辨析discover，invent與create；win與beat；put on與wear；forget與leave 考點考點3 3 動詞短語動詞短語類型例詞同一動詞不同介詞/副詞put on穿上，增加(體重)；put up 舉起，張貼，搭起；put off推遲；put down放下give out分發(fā)；give up放棄；give away捐贈come up with想出；come from來自；come out出來，出版；come true實現(xiàn)lo
9、ok at看；look up查詢；look after照看；look for尋找turn on打開；turn off關(guān)掉；turn up調(diào)高(聲音)；turn down調(diào)低(聲音)；turn into變成不同動詞同一介詞/副詞show up出現(xiàn)；take up從事，開始；make up編造；hurry up趕快；get up起床；set up建立；clean up清掃；eat up吃光；cheer up(使)變得更高興，振奮起來；pick up撿起laugh at嘲笑；point at指著put out熄滅；sell out賣光動詞的固定搭配及組合take care of照料，照顧；take
10、part in參加；pay attention to注意；catch up with趕上；depend on依賴；get on well with與相處得好；talk back頂嘴，反駁；make a wish許愿；do/try ones best盡某人最大努力；make ones bed整理某人的床鋪十年真題十年真題全練全練近十年來，動詞的分類及動詞短語是臨沂中考的重點考查內(nèi)容之一，幾乎每年都考，考查的內(nèi)容多以動詞和動詞短語詞義辨析、情態(tài)動詞和連系動詞為主。命題形式以單項填空與選詞填空為主；預(yù)計2018年，情態(tài)動詞與動詞或動詞短語詞義辨析仍然是考查重點，其次是連系動詞，也要稍加關(guān)注。考點考點
11、1 1 動詞的分類及詞義辨析動詞的分類及詞義辨析實義動詞12016臨沂，22Before stamps，people didnt_ for the letters they sent，but for the letters they received.Apay Bcost Cspend Dtake22014臨沂，23It _ about eight minutes for sunlight(陽光)to travel from the sun to the earth.Atakes Bspends Ccosts DpaysAA32012臨沂，29It_Mr Green an hour to fi
12、x up his bicycle yesterday.Acost Bpaid Cspent Dtook42010臨沂，25In order to protect the environment，people in Japan have to _for their trash.Acost Bpay Cspend Dtake52008臨沂，26If you dont want to_for plastic bags in most supermarkets，youll have to bring your own shopping bag.Aspend Btake Cpay DcostDBC連系動
13、詞62013臨沂，25Do you know the song Gangnam Style?Of course.It_interesting.Atastes Bsmells Csounds Dfeels情態(tài)動詞72017臨沂，20The little boy has just had lunch.He_be hungry now.Amust Bmustnt Ccan Dcant82016臨沂，20Students _ enjoy the colorful school life if they study at home instead of going to school.Amustnt B
14、cant Cmust DcanCDB92013臨沂，29May I play computer games now，Mom?No.You _finish your homework first.Amust Bcan Ccould Dmay102012臨沂，26Many students come from poor families and they _ afford school lunches，so the government is trying to help them.Aneednt Bshouldnt Ccant Dmustnt112011臨沂，30If you are in th
15、e zoo，remember not to touch or go near the animals.Although some of the animals are cute，you _ leave them alone.Amust Bwill Cmay DcanACA122009臨沂，27Must I answer this question in English?No，you_Amustnt Bneednt Ccant Dshouldnt132008臨沂，21Look，Mr.King is swimming in the pool.It_be Mr.King.He has gone to
16、 Kunming on vacation.Acan Bcant Cmust DmustntBB考點考點2 2 動詞短語動詞短語14.2017臨沂，25In many Eastern European countries，you are supposed to_your gloves before shaking hands.Atake off Bshout off Ccut off Dput off152016臨沂，28Pick up your pen and draw your own invention.Maybe it will be_a real product one day.Atu
17、rned on Bturned downCturned off Dturned into162015臨沂，28A father in the UK has _ a wonderful idea to send his kids to school on time.He takes his sons to their school in a white tank(坦克)Alooked up to Bmade upCcome up with Dshown up ADC172014臨沂，25When you are swimming，_ your ears.You can use earplugs(
18、耳塞)to stop water getting into your ears.Atake after Btake part inCtake off Dtake care of182013臨沂，30The Olympic Games of 2016 will_in Brazil.Atake after Btake offCtake place Dtake away192012臨沂，31If you love what you are doing and work hard，you will _anything difficult and succeed.Aget to Bget over Cg
19、et on Dget upDCB202011臨沂，33Around the world，more and more people are _ dangerous sports activities，because life in modern societies has become safe and boring.Ataking out Btaking offCtaking part in Dtaking care of212010臨沂，30A great meeting about weather change_in Copenhagen(哥本哈根)in December，2009.Ato
20、ok place Btook prideCtook care Dtook afterCA222009臨沂，26Lisa，we need to clean the kitchen.Could you_the trash?Yes，sure.Atake after Btake offCtake place Dtake out232008臨沂，28I have_all of my newspapers，but I cant find the article.Alooked at Blooked afterClooked for Dlooked throughDD猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測單項填空1I reall
21、y need to take more exercise because Im _ weight.Aputting off Bputting onCputting down Dputting away2Mom is making dinner.It _ so nice!Asmells Btastes Cfeels Dsounds3Susan _ her friends invitation because of an important meeting.Atook down Bput downCturned down Dwrote down4They walked home last nigh
22、t because they couldnt _ to take a taxi.Aleave Bbuy Cafford DallowBACC5Please be quiet.Our teacher is coming.It _ be our teacher.She has gone to Beijing.Amust Bmay Ccant Dmustnt6Why do you _ so upset?Because I didnt get the first place in the English competition.Alook Bsound Csmell Dfeel7Yang Hongyi
23、ng_ be the boys favorite writer.He has written a lot to praise her.Acant Bmustnt Cmust DneedCAC8I cant go with you.I _ stay at home until my parents come back.Acan Bmay Cmust Dcould9They heard the party was_ because of the exam.Aput on Bput up Cput off Dput down10A smile_ nothing，but gives much.Acosts Bspends Ccost DspentCAC
（臨沂專）中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 專項語法 高效突破 專項9 動詞的分類及動詞短語課件
