水源熱泵中央空調(diào)回灌技術(shù)的推廣畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯

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1、 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 外文翻譯 題 目： 水源熱泵中央空調(diào)回灌技術(shù)的推廣 系部名稱(chēng)： 專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)： 學(xué)生姓名： 學(xué) 號(hào)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 教師職稱(chēng)： 2013年03月15日 8 水源熱泵中央空調(diào)回灌技術(shù)的推廣 簡(jiǎn)介：在未來(lái)的幾年中，中國(guó)面臨著巨大的能源壓力。一方面，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)要保持較高速度的增長(zhǎng)，另一方面，又必須考慮環(huán)保和可持續(xù)發(fā)展

2、問(wèn)題。所以要求提高能源利用效率，要求能源結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。 在未來(lái)的幾年中，中國(guó)面臨著巨大的能源壓力。一方面，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)要保持較高速度的增長(zhǎng)，另一方面，又必須考慮環(huán)保和可持續(xù)發(fā)展問(wèn)題。所以要求提高能源利用效率，要求能源結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。 目前隨著我國(guó)住宅市場(chǎng)化改革，新建商品住宅小區(qū)飛速發(fā)展，隨著城市環(huán)境問(wèn)題的日益重視和能源結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)新建小區(qū)一般就不再運(yùn)行采用燃煤鍋爐房供熱，何種方式可以經(jīng)濟(jì)、清潔地解決這些新建小區(qū)的供熱問(wèn)題成為目前住宅建設(shè)中的大問(wèn)題。另一方面，近年來(lái)我國(guó)住宅空調(diào)安裝率迅速增長(zhǎng)。沈陽(yáng)居民住宅空調(diào)擁有率已超過(guò)20％，并且目前家用空調(diào)擁有率仍在飛速增長(zhǎng)，很可能成為冰箱、彩電后迅速普及的

3、又一種家電。這樣，住宅環(huán)境就不再僅僅是采暖問(wèn)題，而是要統(tǒng)一考慮采暖和空調(diào)的需求。為此，采用深井回灌的水源熱泵方式可能成為滿(mǎn)足這種需求的住宅供熱、制冷空調(diào)方式。 一、水源熱泵技術(shù)的概念和工作原理 水源熱泵技術(shù)是利用地球表面淺層水源如地下水、河流和湖泊中吸收的太陽(yáng)能和地能而形成的低溫低位熱能資源，并采用熱泵原理，通過(guò)少量的高位電能輸入，實(shí)現(xiàn)低位熱能向高位熱能轉(zhuǎn)移的一種技術(shù)。 地球表面淺層水源如深度在1000米以?xún)?nèi)的地下水、地表的河流和湖泊和海洋中，吸收了太陽(yáng)進(jìn)入地球的相當(dāng)?shù)妮椛淠芰?，并且水源的溫度一般都十分穩(wěn)定。水源熱泵機(jī)組工作原理就是在夏季將建筑物中的熱量轉(zhuǎn)移到水源中，由于水源溫度

4、低，所以可以高效地帶走熱量，而冬季，則從水源中提取能量，由熱泵原理通過(guò)空氣或水作為載冷劑提升溫度后送到建筑物中。 下圖為水源熱泵系統(tǒng)的基本原理。地下水從深井1中抽出進(jìn)入板式熱交換器3，與樓內(nèi)循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)的水換熱后，再通過(guò)深井2排到地下。循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)經(jīng)住宅樓內(nèi)管網(wǎng)送入各戶(hù)，經(jīng)各戶(hù)的水源熱泵產(chǎn)生熱水（冬季）或冷水（夏季）送入末端裝置，滿(mǎn)足供熱或空調(diào)的要求。 深井回灌水源熱泵原理圖 圖中同時(shí)標(biāo)出設(shè)計(jì)工況下各處冬季(夏季)的溫度。從圖中可看出，這種方式在冬季是間接地利用地下水作為媒介，取地下深層砂、石的熱量作為各戶(hù)熱泵的熱源向戶(hù)內(nèi)供熱，同時(shí)將建筑物中取得的冷量排入地下。而在夏季則通過(guò)地下水作為媒

5、介，以它作為各戶(hù)熱泵的冷卻水，同時(shí)將建筑物產(chǎn)生的熱量排入地下。這樣冬季從地下取熱存冷，夏季取冷存熱，若建筑物冬季供熱量與夏季供冷量差不多，則一年內(nèi)地下基本熱平衡，未取出或存入熱量，不會(huì)造成地下的熱污染。同時(shí)，由于冬季地下水溫度遠(yuǎn)比室外空氣溫度高，因此冬季熱泵效率比空氣-水熱泵高，并且不存在結(jié)露等問(wèn)題。夏季則以12～26℃為制冷機(jī)的冷卻水，可以得到很高的COP，甚至在某些情況下可直接用此水作為冷源進(jìn)行空調(diào)，而不用開(kāi)啟水源熱泵。由于地下水通過(guò)換熱器3換熱后排回地下，僅僅利用了地下水的冷量（熱量），而不消耗一滴水資源，地下水的整個(gè)流程都不與空氣接觸，因此也不會(huì)造成地下水資源的污染。 二、水源熱泵中

6、央空調(diào)技術(shù)在國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài) 水源熱泵技術(shù)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)GWHP）的提出始于英、美兩國(guó)，美國(guó)從20世紀(jì)30年代即開(kāi)始應(yīng)用。1948年俄勒岡州的一位工程師Krocker開(kāi)創(chuàng)了水源熱泵在商用建筑中的應(yīng)用。20世紀(jì)50年代歐洲出現(xiàn)了利用GWHP的第一次高潮。由于當(dāng)時(shí)能源價(jià)格低，這種系統(tǒng)缺乏經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，而未得到推廣。隨著近十幾年來(lái)，尤其是近五年來(lái)，能源價(jià)格的提高，GWHP在北美如美國(guó)、加拿大及中、北歐如瑞士、瑞典等國(guó)家取得了較快的發(fā)展，據(jù)1999年的統(tǒng)計(jì)，為家用的供熱裝置中，GSHPs所占比例，瑞士為96％，奧地利為38％，丹麥為27％。 中國(guó)早在50年代，就曾在上海、天津等地嘗試夏取冬

7、灌的方式抽取地下水制冷，天津大學(xué)熱能研究所呂燦仁教授就開(kāi)展了我國(guó)熱泵的最早研究，1965年研制成功國(guó)內(nèi)第一臺(tái)水冷式熱泵空調(diào)機(jī)。目前，國(guó)內(nèi)的清華大學(xué)、天津大學(xué)、重慶大學(xué)、天津商學(xué)院、山東建工學(xué)院、中國(guó)科學(xué)院廣州能源研究所等多家大學(xué)和研究機(jī)構(gòu)都在對(duì)水源熱泵進(jìn)行研究。其中清華大學(xué)經(jīng)過(guò)多年在多工況水源熱泵的研究已經(jīng)形成產(chǎn)業(yè)化的成果，已建成多個(gè)示范工程。可以預(yù)計(jì)，該項(xiàng)技術(shù)將會(huì)成為21世紀(jì)最有效的供熱和供冷空調(diào)技術(shù)。 三、水源熱泵技術(shù)在沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)推廣的優(yōu)越性 1、水文地質(zhì)條件適宜 水源是應(yīng)用水源熱泵的前提，水源系統(tǒng)的水量、水溫、水質(zhì)和供水穩(wěn)定性是影響水源熱泵系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行效果的重要因素。 沈陽(yáng)整個(gè)

8、城區(qū)地處渾河沖洪積平原上，含水層主要為粗砂、圓礫及卵石，地下水資源含量豐富，隨著近幾年保護(hù)地下水資源力度加大，加上工廠向郊區(qū)遷移，沈陽(yáng)地下漏斗區(qū)已經(jīng)基本消除?，F(xiàn)在，地下水水位在50-60m之間，埋深5-13m。水溫冬夏恒定保持在12℃，PH值在6.5-8.5之間，地下水水質(zhì)在全國(guó)水資源評(píng)價(jià)中為優(yōu)。沈陽(yáng)城區(qū)這種獨(dú)特的水文地質(zhì)條件，在全國(guó)是絕無(wú)僅有的，滿(mǎn)足水源熱泵系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行時(shí)對(duì)水源“水量充足，水溫適度，水質(zhì)適宜，供水穩(wěn)定”的要求，適合水源熱泵系統(tǒng)在沈陽(yáng)大范圍的推廣。 2、水源熱泵技術(shù)在建筑領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用的優(yōu)越性 水源熱泵作為一種新型的供暖制冷技術(shù)，越來(lái)越受到國(guó)內(nèi)外的廣泛關(guān)注，其在建筑領(lǐng)域中的

9、優(yōu)勢(shì)有以下幾個(gè)方面： ① 較低的能量消耗。地源熱泵最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)是與常規(guī)供熱和制冷空調(diào)系統(tǒng)相比少消耗電能。在適宜的條件下比空氣熱泵系統(tǒng)節(jié)省能源40%以上，比電采暖節(jié)能70%以上。 ② 改善了建筑外觀。由于沒(méi)有室外壓縮機(jī)或冷卻水塔，因此破壞建筑外觀的可能性大為降低或消除。 ③ 較低的環(huán)境影響。比較燃煤鍋爐CO2排放量與用相同燃料產(chǎn)生電驅(qū)動(dòng)所排放的CO2量，可減少30%-50%，在環(huán)保中將發(fā)揮很大的作用。 ④ 占地面積少。同燃煤鍋爐房相比，占地面積可減少一半以上，若將熱泵機(jī)組放到地下，則不占用地上空間。 四、水源熱泵技術(shù)在沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)應(yīng)用及存在的問(wèn)題 水源熱泵技術(shù)是從1998年

10、引入沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)的，比較早的有東電宿舍樓、沈陽(yáng)自動(dòng)化所、遼寧科技大廈、醫(yī)大二院等，供暖制冷面積大的10萬(wàn)m2以上，小的只有2000m2。比較典型的是沈陽(yáng)自動(dòng)化研究所，該所建筑面積4.6萬(wàn)m2，1999年引入水源熱泵中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)用以替代原有的2臺(tái)燃煤鍋爐。2002年，冬季供暖152天，夏季制冷100天。全年運(yùn)行費(fèi)用為21.33元/m2。全年采暖及制冷節(jié)約費(fèi)用7萬(wàn)元。 通過(guò)考察近幾年來(lái)沈陽(yáng)市水源熱泵的建設(shè)和運(yùn)行情況來(lái)看，由于引進(jìn)的熱泵機(jī)組都是比較成型的技術(shù)，在運(yùn)行效率及維護(hù)保養(yǎng)方面都能夠到達(dá)要求。但作為熱泵系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵組成部分之一的井群方面，回灌和成井工藝上還存在諸多問(wèn)題，主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方

11、面： 一是在設(shè)計(jì)抽、灌井間距時(shí)通常參照地源熱泵生產(chǎn)廠家的經(jīng)驗(yàn)值，忽略了不同地貌單元的水文地質(zhì)因素，井間距設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)大，對(duì)于高密度住宅小區(qū)或城區(qū)商用建筑應(yīng)用深井回灌式水源熱泵系統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)，由于可利用建筑用地的面積限制，井群無(wú)法布置，嚴(yán)重影響了水源熱泵系統(tǒng)在沈陽(yáng)的推廣使用。如醫(yī)大二院水源熱泵空調(diào)井間距過(guò)大，回灌井?dāng)?shù)量達(dá)不到要求，機(jī)組運(yùn)行時(shí)，水回灌不下去。沈陽(yáng)市自動(dòng)化所也因回灌井無(wú)法布開(kāi)，導(dǎo)致部分建筑無(wú)法利用水源熱泵供暖。還有部分用戶(hù)為解決回灌問(wèn)題，直接將水排入下水管道，沒(méi)有回灌入地下，浪費(fèi)了大量的地下水資源。 二是成井工藝落后，成井質(zhì)量不好，不僅影響井的壽命，還影響到取水和回灌效果，最終影響水源熱泵正

12、常工作和制熱或制冷效果。現(xiàn)在沈陽(yáng)的成井工藝仍然延續(xù)多年前的做法，回灌井采用鋼筋骨架纏絲包網(wǎng)式濾管。這種濾管在使用一段時(shí)間以后，作為纏絲的鐵線(xiàn)嚴(yán)重銹蝕，管井被阻塞，導(dǎo)致回灌井的回灌系數(shù)、使用壽命都有所下降，制約了熱泵技術(shù)的推廣。 五、我公司解決水源熱泵回灌及成井工藝問(wèn)題的研究 1、抽、灌井群間距的研究 由于向地下回灌比取水要困難，因此，可行的方案為打三口井，一口取水，兩口回灌，即抽水井與回灌井的數(shù)量比為1：2。在回灌時(shí)，為避免回灌井對(duì)抽水井“熱貫通”影響，保持抽水井水溫恒定，三口井間要保證足夠距離，通常為100m以上。若三口井布置為如下圖所示邊長(zhǎng)為100m的等邊三角形，抽、灌水量為100m

13、3/h，按熱泵機(jī)組運(yùn)行時(shí)，供暖（制冷時(shí)需水量要少）10000m2需水量100m3/h計(jì)算，則在此場(chǎng)區(qū)內(nèi)用地源熱泵供暖、制冷的建筑面積為10000m2。 三口井布置圖 我公司根據(jù)沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)的水文地質(zhì)條件，參考國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)研究成果，通過(guò)具體工程實(shí)踐，認(rèn)為抽、灌井間距縮短到60m是完全可行的，如國(guó)府肥牛熱泵抽灌井間距為50m，運(yùn)行情況良好，未出現(xiàn)抽灌井“熱貫通”現(xiàn)象。地王國(guó)際花園抽、灌井群最小間距為60m。這樣同樣是在邊長(zhǎng)為100m的等邊三角形區(qū)域內(nèi)，可以布設(shè)取水井2眼，回灌井4眼，能夠?yàn)?0000m2的建筑面積采暖、制冷。也就是在同樣的場(chǎng)地上，最

14、大限度的增加布設(shè)井?dāng)?shù)，解決了由于場(chǎng)地限制因素導(dǎo)致熱泵系統(tǒng)無(wú)法應(yīng)用的問(wèn)題。同時(shí)，因?yàn)槌椤⒐嗑g距縮短，增加了單井回灌量。 2、成井新材料新工藝的研制開(kāi)發(fā) 我公司根據(jù)沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)的水文地質(zhì)條件，研制出鋼筋骨架包塑料板纏絲包網(wǎng)式濾管成井新工藝，該種濾管的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是耐腐蝕，能延長(zhǎng)管井使用壽命，重量輕，其規(guī)格與性能均能滿(mǎn)足粗、細(xì)顆粒含水層成井之用。與硬質(zhì)塑料濾水管相比，最大的優(yōu)越性就是強(qiáng)度高，能夠抵擋住回灌時(shí)強(qiáng)大的過(guò)水沖擊力。 經(jīng)過(guò)近幾年實(shí)驗(yàn)及工程實(shí)踐證明，此技術(shù)可以極大的提高井的使用壽命，也得到了水源熱泵空調(diào)用戶(hù)的認(rèn)可，地王國(guó)際花園、東大智慧鑫園都指定用我們的技術(shù)。利用這次機(jī)會(huì)，我們將進(jìn)一步研究這種濾管

15、的熱傳導(dǎo)性能及滲透能力，并申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)利，促進(jìn)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)在沈陽(yáng)的推廣使用。 六、水源熱泵技術(shù)在沈陽(yáng)的推廣應(yīng)用 1、水源熱泵技術(shù)在沈陽(yáng)推廣的意義 ①節(jié)能、運(yùn)行費(fèi)用低 由于水源熱泵是以水作為熱源和供熱介質(zhì)的供熱制冷技術(shù)。在運(yùn)行時(shí)，將地下水熱能經(jīng)水源熱泵機(jī)組交換熱量后排出再注入地下含水層中去，回灌儲(chǔ)能，以地下水作為冷熱源，冬灌夏用，夏灌冬用。在這一過(guò)程中只消耗很少的電能。其制冷、制熱系數(shù)可達(dá)3.5～4.4，與傳統(tǒng)的空氣源熱泵相比，要高出40%左右，其運(yùn)行費(fèi)用為普通中央空調(diào)的50～60％。水源熱泵與鍋爐（電、燃料）和空氣源熱泵的供熱系統(tǒng)相比有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。鍋爐供熱只能將90%~98%的電能或70～90%

16、的燃料內(nèi)能轉(zhuǎn)化為熱量，供用戶(hù)使用，因此水源熱泵要比電鍋爐加熱節(jié)省三分之二以上的電能，比燃料鍋爐節(jié)省二分之一以上的能量； ②環(huán)保 在中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)概念中，由于國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和政策的影響，在相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)期中，北方一般以燃煤鍋爐解決冬季取暖問(wèn)題。水源熱泵在運(yùn)行時(shí)，只是通過(guò)地下水的抽取與回灌提取熱能，在整個(gè)抽灌過(guò)程中，管道是全封閉的，不會(huì)對(duì)地下水造成污染。比較燃煤鍋爐CO2排放量與用相同燃料產(chǎn)生電驅(qū)動(dòng)所排放的CO2量，可減少30%-50%，在環(huán)保中將發(fā)揮很大的作用。 2、推廣水源熱泵技術(shù)的應(yīng)用前景 ①?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)節(jié)能環(huán)保，是沈陽(yáng)市供暖結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，逐步替代燃煤鍋爐房其實(shí)可行的方式。 供新隨著可

17、持續(xù)發(fā)展和公眾環(huán)保意識(shí)的提高，世界和中國(guó)能源利用的結(jié)構(gòu)都正在轉(zhuǎn)變，從原有的煤、石油取暖過(guò)渡到以天然氣及電等清潔能源。沈陽(yáng)作為大氣污染較為為嚴(yán)重的城市之一，其治理大氣污染的政策中就包括能源結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，從以煤為主改為天然氣和電力替代能源。但是，替代能源雖然可以部分解決大氣污染的問(wèn)題，可是天然氣和石油等都屬于不可再生的能源，從可持續(xù)發(fā)展的角度看，必須提高能源利用效率或者尋找可以再生的能源，而水源熱泵機(jī)組就是比較理想的一種設(shè)備。 ②通過(guò)回灌水再利用，解決小區(qū)環(huán)境用水問(wèn)題。 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們生活水平的提高，居民渴望有一個(gè)清水環(huán)繞的居住環(huán)境。但就目前我國(guó)的水資源狀況來(lái)看，單純的抽取地下水來(lái)滿(mǎn)足這一

18、要求是不可取的。而水源熱泵抽取的水可以在回灌之前創(chuàng)造一個(gè)水文景觀后，通過(guò)處理技術(shù)達(dá)到回灌水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后再灌入地下，就很好的解決了這一問(wèn)題。按目前的技術(shù)來(lái)看，這是切實(shí)可行的。 水源熱泵技術(shù)的推廣需要政府從可持續(xù)發(fā)展的角度，綜合能源環(huán)保和資源的各方面的考慮，調(diào)整水源熱泵水源使用的政策，從新確定水源如何管理，才能促使其大規(guī)模的發(fā)展。我們將利用公司的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)，通過(guò)與政府有關(guān)部門(mén)密切合作，為相關(guān)行政主管部門(mén)在制定行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)提供技術(shù)咨詢(xún)。為推動(dòng)全市經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)自己的力量。 參考文獻(xiàn) [1]《居住建筑節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》DBJ14-037-2006. 　　[2]《公共建筑節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》DBJ14-03

19、6-2006. 　　[3]《地面輻射供暖技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ142-2004. 本文摘譯自 2011年第8期《暖通空調(diào)》雜志目次 Water source heat pump central air conditioning recharge technology promotion Description: In the next few years, China faces huge energy pressure. On the one hand, Chinas economy to maintain a high rate of growth, on the ot

20、her hand, it must consider environmental protection and sustainable development issues. So for greater energy efficiency, requiring adjustment of energy structure. In the next few years, China faces a huge energy pressure. On the one hand, Chinas economy to maintain a high rate of growth, on the ot

21、her hand, it must consider environmental protection and sustainable development issues. So for greater energy efficiency, requiring adjustment of energy structure. With the current housing market-oriented reforms in China, the rapid development of new commercial residential area, with increasin

22、g emphasis on urban environmental issues and energy structure adjustment, new district general in Shenyang will no longer run by coal-fired boiler room heating, the manner in which can be economical and clean way to solve these problems the new district heating become a major issue in residential co

23、nstruction. On the other hand, in recent years Chinas rapid growth rate of residential air-conditioning installation. Shenyang has a residential rate of over 20% of air-conditioning, home air conditioners and currently has a rapid growth rate is still very likely to be the refrigerator, color TV and

24、 after a rapid spread of home appliances. This environment is no longer just a residential heating problems, but to consider uniform heating and air conditioning needs. To this end, the use of deep well recharge water source heat pump method may be to meet this demand for residential heating, refrig

25、eration and air conditioning mode. First, the concept of water source heat pump technology and principle Water source heat pump technology is the use of the Earths surface shallow water such as groundwater, rivers and lakes in the absorption of solar energy and geothermal energy and the format

26、ion of low temperature heat resources, and heat pump principle, by a small amount of high energy input, low heat to achieve high heat transfer a technology. Earths surface shallow water depth of 1000 meters, such as groundwater, surface streams and lakes and oceans absorb the suns radiation int

27、o the Earths considerable energy and water temperatures are generally very stable. Water source heat pump working principle is the building in the summer heat transferred to the water, because water temperature is low, so it can effectively take the heat in winter, the energy extracted from water by

28、 the heat pump principle set out by air or water as refrigerant temperature after upgrading to the buildings. The figure below shows the basic principle of water source heat pump system. Groundwater extraction from the deep into the plate heat exchanger 1, 3, and the building of the water heat

29、exchanger circulating water system, then discharged through the deep underground 2. Residential building by circulating water system pipe network into the households of all households by water source heat pump to produce hot water (winter) or cold (in summer) into the terminal devices, to meet the h

30、eating or air conditioning requirements. Deep recharge water source heat pump schematic Design conditions while the figure marked throughout the winter (summer) temperatures. Can be seen from the figure, this approach is indirect in the winter use of groundwater as the medium, taking deep underg

31、round sand, stone and heat as heat source for all households to the indoor heat pump heating, while cooling capacity building in the row to obtain into the ground. In the summer, as the media through the water to all households as a cooling water pump, while the building heat into the ground. This w

32、inter, heat from the ground to take the cold storage, cold storage to take the summer heat, if the building in winter and summer cooling for the amount of heat is similar to the mainland next year, the basic heat balance, heat is not removed or deposited, the heat will not cause ground contamination

33、. Also, because water temperature in winter than outdoor air temperatures are high, so the efficiency of heat pump in winter than air - water heat pump high, and there is no condensation and other issues. Summer Zeyi 12 ~ 26 ℃ cooling water for the refrigerator, can be very high COP, and even in som

34、e cases, this water can be directly used for air conditioning for cooling instead of open water source heat pump. Because groundwater heat transfer through the heat exchanger 3, the rear back underground, only the use of groundwater cooling (heat), without consuming a drop of water resources, ground

35、water is not in contact with air the entire process, and therefore will not cause groundwater resources pollution. Second, the water source heat pump central air conditioning technology developments at home and abroad Water source heat pump technology (hereinafter referred to as GWHP) The prop

36、osal began in Britain and the United States, the United States 30 years from the 20th century began to apply. Oregon in 1948, an engineer Krocker created a water source heat pump applications in commercial buildings. 50 years of the 20th century occurred in Europe for the first time using GWHP clima

37、x. At that time, lower energy prices, lack of economic competitiveness of such systems, but have not been promoted. With the last decade, especially in the last five years, energy price increases, GWHP in North America such as USA, Canada and the Nordic such as Switzerland, Sweden and other countrie

38、s have made rapid development, according to 1999 statistics, the household heating device, GSHPs proportion of 96% in Switzerland, Austria, 38%,27% in Denmark. China Back in the 50s, once in Shanghai, Tianjin and other places try to take winter irrigation way summer of extraction of groundwater

39、 cooling, Tianjin University, Institute Professor Lv Canren energy has carried out the earliest studies of heat 1965, successfully developed Chinas first water-cooled heat pump air conditioners. At present, Tsinghua University, Tianjin University, Chongqing University, Tianjin, Shandong Institute of

40、 Technology built, the CAS Guangzhou Institute of Energy and many other universities and research institutions in the study of water source heat pump. Tsinghua University, which after years of working conditions in a multi-source heat pump industry has formed the research results of several demonstr

41、ation projects have been completed. Can be expected that the technology will be most effective in the 21st century heating and cooling air conditioning technology. Third, the water source heat pump technology in the region to promote the superiority of Shenyang 1. hydrogeological conditions a

42、re suitable Water is a prerequisite for application of water source heat pump, water system, water, water temperature, water quality and water source heat pump system stability is a run effects of important factors. Shenyang is located in the city on the Hun River Alluvial Plain aquifer is mai

43、nly coarse sand, gravel and pebbles, abundant groundwater resources, with the protection of groundwater resources in recent years intensified, with factories migrate to the suburbs, Shenyang underground funnel area has been basically eliminated. Now, the groundwater level between the 50-60m, depth 5

44、-13m. Summer and winter water temperature maintained at a constant 12 ℃, PH value of between 6.5-8.5, groundwater quality, water resources assessment in the country was excellent. Shenyang City this unique hydrological and geological conditions is unique in the country to meet the water source heat

45、pump system is running on the water, "adequate water, moderate temperature, the water is suitable, stable water supply" requirements, water source heat pump system for large-scale promotion in Shenyang . 2. the water source heat pump technology in the construction field advantage in the applica

46、tion As a new water source heat pump heating and cooling technology, more and more attention at home and abroad, and its advantages in the construction field in the following areas: ① lower energy consumption. The biggest advantage of ground source heat pump heating and cooling with conven

47、tional air conditioning systems consume less power compared. Under the proper conditions of air heat pump system than the 40% energy savings compared to electric heating energy saving over 70%. ② to improve the building appearance. Since there is no outdoor compressors or cooling towers, so the

48、 possibility of damage greatly reduced the appearance of the building or eliminated. ③ low environmental impact. Comparison of CO2 emissions from coal-fired boilers and electric drive with the same fuel amount of CO2 emissions can be reduced by 30% -50%, in environmental protection will play a

49、significant role. ④ area are few. Compared with coal-fired boiler house, the area can be reduced by half or more, If heat pump into the ground, the floor space is not occupied. Fourth, water source heat pump technology applications in the Shenyang region and the problems. Water source hea

50、t pump technology is introduced in 1998 in Shenyang, the relatively early with Tokyo Electric Power dormitory, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Liaoning Science and Technology Building, Medical School sophomore, etc., heating and cooling large area of ??100,000 m2 or more, only a small 2000m2. Typi

51、cal is the Shenyang Institute of Automation of the construction area by 4.6 million m2, 1999 the introduction of water source heat pump central air conditioning system to replace the existing two coal-fired boilers. 2002, 152 days in winter heating, summer cooling 100 days. Annual operating cost of

52、21.33 yuan / m2. Heating and cooling cost savings throughout the year 7 million. Shenyang City in recent years by examining the construction and operation of water source heat pumps as far as the introduction of the heat pump units are relatively molding technology, in terms of operating effici

53、ency and maintenance requirements are able to reach. But as a heat pump system is a key component of the well group, the recharge process and as well there are still many problems, mainly in the following areas: First, in the design of pumping and injection wells spaced ground source heat pump

54、is usually the manufacturer with reference to the experience of value, ignoring the different geomorphological units hydrogeological factors, design of well spacing is too large, for high-density residential district or city commercial construction applications deep recharge water source heat pump s

55、ystem, because the availability of building land area restrictions, well group can not be arranged, seriously affecting the water source heat pump system in promoting the use of Shenyang. Such as medical sophomore distance between water source heat pump wells is too large, the number of recharge wel

56、l below standard, unit operation, the water recharge does not continue. Shenyang Institute of Automation is also due to recharging wells can not be cloth to open, causing part of the construction can not use water source heat pump heating. There are some users to solve problems recharge directly to

57、water into the sewer pipe, did not return poured into the ground, wasted a lot of groundwater resources. Second, as well backward technology, poor quality as well, not only affect the life of wells, and recharge water also affects the results, and ultimately affect the water source heat pump to

58、 work and heating or cooling effect. Shenyang is now well into the process has continued the practice of many years ago, injection well package by wrapping steel skeleton net-filter tube. The filter tubes in use for some time, as seriously corroded wire wrapped around wire, tube well is blocked, res

59、ulting in the recharge coefficient of recharge wells, life has declined, limiting heat pump technologies. Fifth, I solve the water source heat pump into the well recharge and process issues of 1. pumping, irrigation group spacing of wells As compared to the ground water recharge difficult

60、, therefore, play a viable solution for the three wells, one water, two recharge, pumping wells and recharge wells that the number of 1:2. In the recharge, in order to avoid the injection well to the pumping well "hot linking" effect, maintaining a constant temperature of pumping wells, three wells

61、to ensure an adequate distance between, usually more than 100m. If the arrangement of three wells are shown for the side length of equilateral triangles 100m, pumping, irrigation capacity of 100m3 / h, according to pump Unit operation, the heating (cooling water required is less)10000m2 water demand

62、 100m3 / h terms, the land area in this field source heat pump heating and cooling of the construction area of 10000m2. According to my company in Shenyang hydrogeological conditions, refer to the relevant research results at ho

63、me and abroad, through the engineering practice, that pumping be reduced to 60m spacing of injection wells is feasible, such as the national government fattened pump pumping irrigation wells spacing 50m, operation well, irrigation well pumping does not appear "hot linking" phenomenon. International

64、Garden pumping to the king, the minimum spacing of injection wells group 60m. This is also in the side length of 100m within a equilateral triangle, you can get laid two wells, recharge wells, 4 eyes, able to 20000m2 building area of heating, cooling. That is, in the same venue, the maximum increase

65、 in the number of laid well to address the causes due to space constraints the problem can not be applied heat pump system. At the same time, because the pumping, irrigation reduced well spacing, increasing the amount of single well recharge. 2. as well new material and new technology research

66、and development According to my company in Shenyang hydrogeological conditions, developed a package of plastic plates reinforced skeleton wrapping package net-filter tube into a well of new technology, the advantages of this type of filter tubes are corrosion-resistant, can extend the service life of tube wells, light weight, its specifications and performance can meet the coarse and fine particles into the aquifer by wells. Filter pipe and rigid plastic than the biggest advantage