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電大【建筑力學(xué)】形成性考核冊答案
一、選擇題
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B
6.D 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.D
二、填空題
1、垂直線
2、中心線 背離研究對象
3、研究對象 全部作用力
4、平行 原力對新作用點(diǎn)
5、無關(guān) 力偶矩大小
6、力偶
7、壓力
8、自由度
9、虛鉸 瞬鉸
10、三角形
三、計(jì)算題
1.
2.
3、見教材34頁例題
4.
解:體系內(nèi)幾何不變,且無多余約束。
5、解:
6、
7、
1)解:
一、
2、選擇題
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A
6.C 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.C
二、填空題
1、軸向拉伸或壓縮 剪切 扭轉(zhuǎn) 彎曲
2、扭矩 Mn 用右手的四指表示扭矩Mn的轉(zhuǎn)向,拇指
的指向離開截面則扭矩為正
3、桿件軸線
4、剪力
5、零桿
6、直線 斜直線
7、斜直線 二次拋物線
8、剪力 集中力
9、彎矩 集中力偶
10、力偶矩
三、計(jì)算題:
1、解:
取截面左邊部分為研究對象:
∑Fxi=0 FN1-2F=0
得:FN1=2F(拉力)
同理可得:FN2=0
3、
同理可得:FN3=F(拉力)
繪制軸力圖。
A B C D
2F
0
F
○
+
○
+
2,3小題同上
2、解(1)求支座反力:∑Fxi=0 FAX-40=0
得:FAX=40kN (← )
∑MA(F)=0 FBY4-2042-402=0
得:FBY=60kN(↑)
∑Fyi=0 得:FAY=20kN(↑)
(2)作彎矩圖
AC桿 MAC=0
AC桿中截面彎矩 MEA=80kNm(內(nèi)側(cè)受拉)
MCA=80kNm(內(nèi)側(cè)受拉)
CD桿 M
4、CD=80kNm(內(nèi)側(cè)受拉)
MDC=0
DB桿 MDB=MBD=0
3)作剪力圖
用截面法求各桿端剪力
AC桿:FQAC=40kN FQEC=FQCA=0
CD桿:FQCD=20kN FQDC=-60kN
(4)作軸力圖
同理,用截面法求各桿件軸力,作出桿件軸力圖
第2小題,直接繪制內(nèi)力圖
3、解(1)求支座反力:
∑Fxi=0 得:FAX=0
∑MA(F)=0 FBY4-8-542=0
得:FBY=12kN(↑)
∑Fyi=0 得:FAY=8kN(↑)
(2)畫受力圖,用假象截面在
需求內(nèi)力處將梁分成兩部分,
5、取其中一部分為研究對象,
畫受力圖。
(3)求內(nèi)力,畫受力圖
FQ圖(kN)
4、解:1)求支座反力
∑Fyi=0 得FCY=3F(↑)
∑MB(F)=0 得:FAX=3F(→)
∑Fxi=0 得:FBX=3F(←)
2).取結(jié)點(diǎn)B為脫離體, ∑FxB=0
桿AB為零桿
得桿BD的軸力 FNBD=3F(拉力)
取結(jié)點(diǎn)A為脫離體,桿AD為零桿, ∑FxA=0
得桿AF軸力 FNAF=3F(壓力)
取結(jié)點(diǎn)D結(jié)點(diǎn)為脫離體
得FD桿為零桿,即FD桿的軸力為0
DE桿的軸力為3F(拉力)
取結(jié)點(diǎn)F結(jié)點(diǎn)為脫離體
∑FyF=0 得FE桿件的軸力為
6、 (壓力)
∑FxF=0 得FG桿件的軸力為 2F (壓力)
一、選擇題:
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D
6.C 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.D
二、填空題
1、常數(shù) 橫向變形系數(shù)
2、等于
3、幾乎不增加 增加
4、彎矩 最遠(yuǎn)
5、強(qiáng)度 剛度 穩(wěn)定性條件
6、幾何變形 應(yīng)力與應(yīng)變的物理關(guān)系 靜力條件
7、減小 降低
8、長度系數(shù)
9、大
10、計(jì)算長度
三、計(jì)算題
2)求桿件應(yīng)力:
2、解:
1)圓環(huán)對形心軸x,y的慣性矩:
7、
2)矩形對圓環(huán)對形心軸x的慣性矩:
矩形對圓環(huán)對形心軸y的慣性矩:
一、選擇題
1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.A
6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
二、填空題
1、桿軸為直線
2、位移
3、軸力
4、荷載 力(力偶)
5、反 反
6、位移
7、未知的結(jié)點(diǎn)角位移和未知的結(jié)點(diǎn)線位移
8、單跨超靜定梁的組合體
9、位移法
10、轉(zhuǎn)動
their own conditions to develop the correct road, t
8、he maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a numb
9、er of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of
10、 resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argum
11、entation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction managem
12、ent personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, impro
13、ve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce know
14、ledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development.