2020高中英語人教版 必修3教師用書：Unit 1 SectionⅣ GrammarWriting Word版含答案

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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Ⅰ) Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing 1．can與could的用法 (1)表示能力(could是過去式)。 I can speak English fluently while he cant. 我會(huì)說流利的英語而他不會(huì)。 (2)表示猜測(cè)“可能”，一般用于疑問句和否定句(could是過去式)。 —Look! Someone is coming! Who can it be? 看，有人來了。會(huì)是誰呢？ —It cant be Jim. He has gone to Paris. 不可能是吉姆，他去了巴黎

2、。 (3)表示請(qǐng)求和許可(could表更委婉的語氣，回答時(shí)只能用can)。 You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的詞典。 —Could I use your computer? 我能用一下你的電腦嗎？ —Yes, you can. 是的，你可以。 (4)用于肯定的陳述句中，表示理論上或習(xí)慣上的可能性。 It can be quite cold here in winter. 這里的冬天有時(shí)還真夠冷的。 Even an experienced doctor can make a mistake. 即使經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的醫(yī)生也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。 [點(diǎn)津] c

3、an與be able to (1)can只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)could，而be able to則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)變化，在將來時(shí)、完成時(shí)和非謂語動(dòng)詞中只能用be able to。 (2)can一般指自身具有的能力，而be able to則表示經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間的努力后所具有的能力，相當(dāng)于manage to do或succeed in doing。 (3)在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中able to與could沒有區(qū)別。 This time I failed in the exam, but Ill be able to pass the exam next time. 這次我考試不及格，但下次我能考試及格。(經(jīng)過努

4、力) She ran fast but she couldnt/wasnt able to catch the bus. 她跑得很快可還是沒能趕上公共汽車。 1 ①(北京高考改編)Can/Could/May I have a word with you? It wont take long. ②(江西高考改編)When I was a child, I could watch TV whenever I wanted to. 2．may與might的用法 (1)表示允許、許可。might在語氣上比may更委婉。以may/might開頭的問句在否定回答中要用mustnt。 You

5、 may keep the book for two weeks. 這本書你可以看兩周。 —May I use your telephone? 我可以用你的電話嗎？ —Yes, you may./No, you mustnt. 是的，可以。/不，不可以。 (2)表示把握不大的推測(cè)，意為“可能”，用于肯定句。might語氣更加不肯定，指現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚挥性谫e語從句中might do (be)才表示過去的可能性。 I think he may come tomorrow. 我認(rèn)為明天他可能會(huì)來。 I thought you might like something to read,

6、 so I bought some books for you. 我想你可能喜歡讀點(diǎn)東西，因此我給你買了些書。 (3)may用于祈使句表示祝愿。 May you have a good journey! 祝你旅行愉快！ May you succeed! 祝你成功！ 2 ①(江西高考改編)Life is unpredictable; even the poorest might/may become the richest. ②(四川高考改編)—May/Can/Could I take the book out? —Im afraid not. 3．will與would的

7、用法 (1)表示意志、意愿和決心。用于各種人稱，will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去。 John promised his doctor he would not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since. 約翰向醫(yī)生許諾他不再吸煙，自從那時(shí)他從沒吸過煙。 Please give me another chance, and I will never do that again. 請(qǐng)?jiān)俳o我一次機(jī)會(huì)，我再也不會(huì)做那事了。 (2)表示請(qǐng)求、建議。用于第二人稱的疑問句，would表示更委婉的語氣。 Would you mind opening th

8、e window for me? 請(qǐng)你為我打開窗戶好嗎？ Will you call back later, please? 請(qǐng)過一會(huì)兒再打過來好嗎？ (3)表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，意思是“總是；習(xí)慣于”。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去。 Fish will die without water. 魚離開水總是要死的。 She would sit there for hours, reading a book. 她過去總是會(huì)坐在那里讀幾個(gè)小時(shí)的書。 [點(diǎn)津] would與used to 兩者均表示“過去常?！?，但would僅表示過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作(不表狀態(tài))，現(xiàn)在有可能還如此，也

9、可能不再那樣；used to既表示過去的動(dòng)作也表示過去的狀態(tài)，不過現(xiàn)在不再做或不再有那種狀態(tài)了。 He would take a walk near the forest in the evening. 以前，他晚間常在森林附近散步。 He used to take a walk near the forest in the evening. 他過去常在晚間到森林附近散步。(而現(xiàn)在已不在那里散步了) (4)用于否定句，表示“不肯；不樂意”。 No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me. 無論我說什么，他就是不肯聽我的。 3 (

10、四川高考改編)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother would take me to Disneyland at weekends. 4．shall與should的用法 (1)shall用于第一、第三人稱的疑問句中，表示說話人征求對(duì)方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示。 What shall we do this evening? 我們今晚干什么呢？ When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 他什么時(shí)間能離開醫(yī)院？ (2)shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或

11、威脅。 You shall fail if you dont work hard. 如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí)你會(huì)考試不及格。(警告) You shall not leave your post. 你不得離開崗位。(命令) He shall have the book when I finish reading it. 當(dāng)我讀完這本書時(shí)他可以拿走。(允諾) (3)should表示勸告或建議，意思是“應(yīng)該”；還可表示可能性或表示驚訝。 You should go to class right away. 你應(yīng)該立刻去教室。 She promised to come by 10：00.

12、She should be here at any moment. 她答應(yīng)10點(diǎn)前來的，她隨時(shí)都可能到。 Its strange that he should have done such a thing. 他做這樣的事真是太奇怪了。 4 ①(江蘇高考改編)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, should bring me food. ②(遼寧高考改編)One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school. 5．m

13、ust的用法 (1)表示“必須”，語氣比should, ought to強(qiáng)烈。其否定形式為mustnt (不準(zhǔn)；禁止)。 You must practise your spoken English if you want to improve. 如果你想提高，你就必須練習(xí)英語口語。 [點(diǎn)津]　以must開頭的一般疑問句的肯定回答中要用must, 否定回答中要用neednt/ dont have to。 —Must I finish the paper today? 今天我必須完成論文嗎？ —Yes, you must./No, you neednt. 是的，你必須。/不，你不

14、必。 (2)表示有把握的肯定推測(cè)，只能用在肯定句中，意思是“一定；準(zhǔn)是”，在否定句、疑問句中要用cant代替。 You have worked hard all day.You must be tired. 你辛苦干了一整天，一定累了。(對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷) He must be working in his office. 他一定在辦公室工作呢。 It cant be her.Im sure she doesnt wear glasses. 那不可能是她。我確定她不戴眼鏡的。 (3)表示感情色彩，意為“偏偏；偏要”，常指令人不愉快的事情。 The car must bre

15、ak down just when I was about to start. 我正要出發(fā)時(shí)車偏偏拋錨了。 Im sleeping now. Must you make so much noise? 我在睡覺，你干嗎偏要弄出這么大的聲音？ 5 ①(遼寧高考改編)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He must have drunk too much at the party last night. ②(重慶高考改編)—Must you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone? —Sorry sir, bu

16、t its urgent. Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空 1．When you cross the street, you must be careful with the passing cars. 2．It cant be his mother, for she has been ill at home for a long time. 3．We enjoy good weather in January, but sometimes it can be terribly cold. 4．I may come to the party with you, but I am not

17、 sure. 5．When he was young, he would climb the small hill every morning. 6．—May I take this seat? —Yes, you may/can. 7．Tom comes from Australia, so he can speak English very well. 8．If you can pass the driving test, you shall get a new car. Ⅱ.翻譯句子 1．這個(gè)故事不可能是真的。(can) The_story_cant_be_true.

18、2．她說他可以騎她的自行車。(might) She_said_that_he_might_ride_her_bike. 3．請(qǐng)您告訴她說我在這兒，好嗎？(will) Will_you_tell_her_that_Im_here? 4．她本應(yīng)該通過考試的。(should) She_should_have_passed_the_exam. 5．嚴(yán)禁在辦公室吸煙。(must) 敘事性記敘文 Smoking_must_not_be_allowed_in_the_office. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一(2)班的學(xué)生李華。下面四幅圖表述了上周一發(fā)生在你們班的一個(gè)真實(shí)故事。請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖片

19、的先后順序，為?？队⒄Z園地》寫一篇短文。 注意：詞數(shù)100左右。 參考詞匯：腿纏著繃帶with ones leg wrapped in bandages　輪椅wheelchair ①Last Monday, we were having our Chinese class when the teacher suddenly slipped and fell.②We were all worried about her.③A boy carried her on the back, with the help of some others, to the clinic immedia

20、tely.④The doctor said her right leg was broken and that she had to stay in hospital.⑤The following day, we went to visit her with flowers and fruit.⑥When we saw her lying in bed with her leg wrapped in bandages, we felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover soon.⑦This Thursday she returned

21、to class on a wheelchair to give us lessons.⑧We were all deeply moved and proud of having such a good teacher. 本文可分為三個(gè)層次： 第一層：敘述事情的起因(第一幅圖)。 第二層：敘述事情的具體發(fā)展過程(第二、三幅圖)。 第三層：敘述事情的結(jié)局(第四幅圖)。 亮點(diǎn)一：本文按照事情的發(fā)生過程展開敘述，語言生動(dòng)形象，行文連貫流暢，可讀性強(qiáng)。 亮點(diǎn)二：文章①句使用的“sb. be doing sth. when ...”這一經(jīng)典句型，④句中said后面跟的兩個(gè)that引導(dǎo)

22、的賓語從句(第一個(gè)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that省略)，⑥句中動(dòng)詞的復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)(see sb. doing sth.)，⑦句中不定式作目的狀語等均顯示出作者較高的寫作水平。 亮點(diǎn)三：②句的be worried about sb.，⑥句的feel sorry for sb.和⑧句的 be proud of ...等常用短語的熟練使用也顯示出作者對(duì)詞匯的很好掌握。 如何寫好敘事性記敘文 寫敘事性記敘文時(shí)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 1．結(jié)構(gòu)：常見的敘事性記敘文的結(jié)構(gòu)常分為三段： 第一段：交代事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物等要素。 第二段：進(jìn)一步敘述事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展過程，在必要時(shí)可加入沖突，以達(dá)到故事

23、的高潮。 第三段：結(jié)尾要盡量自然，做到水到渠成，可適當(dāng)談一下自己的感想，發(fā)表自己的看法，以達(dá)到升華文章主題的目的，但不宜過多。 2．人稱：通常用第一人稱和第三人稱。 3．時(shí)態(tài)：在敘事過程中，一般用過去時(shí)態(tài)。在描寫背景或某景象時(shí)，常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，這樣顯得更加生動(dòng)形象。 1．開頭常用句式： Thats really an unforgettable experience. One day, on the way to ... Last Sunday, my mother and I were doing ...when we saw/heard ... Long long ag

24、o/Once upon a time, there was/were ... 2．中間常用句式： Without delay/hesitation，I/we dialed 120/119/122.It wasnt long before an ambulance/ ...arrived. We tried our best to help ... but ... We made every effort to help ...After a while, many people came to help us.At last, sb.was saved/we succeeded. 3

25、．結(jié)尾常用句式： Tired as we were, we felt very happy. Every time I thought of it, I was full of energy. I felt proud of myself and thought ... Although ... we have learned a lot from it. 假設(shè)你是北京新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生，你們班同學(xué)在暑假期間的某一天開展了“體驗(yàn)一天低碳生活”的活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下四幅圖的內(nèi)容寫一篇英語短文，介紹同學(xué)們這一天的體驗(yàn)活動(dòng)情況。 注意： 1．短文的開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2．詞數(shù)：

26、100左右。 參考詞匯： 一次性筷子 disposable chopsticks The students in our class organized an activity of “Experience a Lowcarbon Day” during the summer vacation. ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

27、_ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 參考范文： The students in our class organized an activity of “Experience a Lowcarbon Day” during the summer vacation. In the morning, we went to parks

28、 by bus instead of going by car. At noon, when we dined out in a restaurant, we refused to use the disposable chopsticks served there.Instead, we each took with us a lunch box in which there was a pair of chopsticks and a spoon. In the afternoon, we went shopping at a supermarket. To avoid the damag

29、e to the environment caused by the plastic bags, we put what we had bought into cloth bags. It was hot at night. We didnt turn on the air conditioners. We used electric fans to cool ourselves down. Although the activity lasted only one day, we have learned a lot from it. We realize that we should take action to protect our earth and start from small things around us.In this way, we are sure to live in a better world.