2020高中英語人教版 選修9教師用書：Unit 4 SectionⅡ Warming UpReading — Language Points Word版含答案

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1、2020學年人教版英語精品資料 Section_ⅡWarming Up & Reading — Language Points 1．distant adj. (1)遙遠的；遠處的；久遠的 Have you heard the distant sound of music? 你聽到遠處的音樂聲了嗎？ (2)疏遠的，關系不近的 Those two weak boys are distant relations. 那兩個瘦弱的男孩是遠房親戚。 (3)冷淡的；不親近的 Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only

2、a distant nod. 她沒有停下來談話，只是冷冷地點了一下頭就走了過去。 distance n．　　　　　 久遠；距離；冷淡；疏遠 at/from a distance 離一段距離 in/into the distance 在遠方，在遠處 keep sb. at a distance(＝keep ones distance from sb./sth.) 與某人保持一定距離；對某人疏遠 The picture looks more beautiful from a distance. 這幅圖畫遠看更美麗。 　　 (1)他正隔著一段距離同他的一位朋友談話。

3、He is standing at_a_distance,_talking to a friend of his. (2)我們學校約有20公里遠。 Our school is about_20_kilometres_distant. 2．conflict (1)n.[C，U]戰(zhàn)爭，戰(zhàn)斗，沖突；爭論，抵觸，論戰(zhàn) There is a conflict between the two cultures. 這兩種文化之間存在著沖突。 come into conflict with 與……沖突，與……矛盾 in conflict with 與……沖突，與……矛盾 My daugh

4、ter is in conflict with me over her career. 我女兒在擇業(yè)問題上與我有分歧。 (2)vi.沖突；抵觸 conflict with　　　 與……沖突，與……戰(zhàn)斗 These results conflict with the earlier findings. 這些結果與早期的發(fā)現(xiàn)相矛盾。 　　 (1)你的陳述與剩下的證據(jù)相沖突。 Your statement is in_conflict_with the rest of the evidence. (2)為了避免這樣的沖突，我們應該善待彼此，這是享有和諧生活的必要條件。 To_av

5、oid_such_conflicts,_we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life. 3．anchor (1)n.錨 at anchor　　　　 (船)拋錨，停泊著 cast/drop anchor 下錨，拋錨；過安定生活 The ship cast/dropped anchor for the night. 船拋錨過夜。 The ship lay at anchor two miles off the coast. 輪船在離海岸兩海里處停泊了。 (2

6、)vi. & vt.拋錨；緊固；(使)緊緊扣牢 The tiger anchored fast to its prey. 這只老虎緊緊地抓住獵物不放。 　　 (1)We cast/dropped_anchor (拋錨) a few yards offshore. (2)The panel was_firmly_anchored (被緊緊地固定) by two large bolts. 4．restriction n．限制；約束 Im sorry to tell you that you have broken the speed restriction. 很遺憾您超過了速度限制

7、。 The government has agreed to lift restrictions on import. 政府已經同意撤銷對進口的限制。 place a restriction on sth. 對某事實行限制 restrict vt. 限制，約束 restricted adj. 受限制的，受約束的 That country has placed restrictions on press freedom. 該國對新聞自由實行了限制。 　　 (1)The supply of electric power to Madrid and neighbouring

8、 districts has to be restricted. (2)We must place restrictions on private companies. 1．date back (to ...)追溯到；遠在……年代 The college dates back to the Middle Ages. 這所學校可追溯到中世紀。 　　　　　 追溯到 out of date 過時 up to date 最新 The custom dates from hundreds of years. 這一習俗流傳了幾百年。 　　 In our village,

9、there is a tower dating_from/dating_back_to (追溯到) several centuries. 2．set up (1)資助；(使)開始(從事某種職業(yè)) Johns parents set him up as a carpenter. 約翰的父母使他從事木工職業(yè)。 (2)建立、創(chuàng)立、成立(相當于found, establish) They will set up a new training center. 他們要成立一個新的培訓中心。 (3)樹立(榜樣) They set up an example to us. 他們?yōu)槲覀儤淞⒘?/p>

10、榜樣。 (4)set oneself up as sb.自認為……，自稱…… He likes to set himself up as an intellectual. 他喜歡自命為知識分子。 由set構成的常見短語： set aside　　　　　　　 留出 set about (doing) sth. 開始(做)某事 set off 引起；導致發(fā)生；引起爆炸 set out 著手做(to do sth.)； 出發(fā)；陳述；闡明 set ...free 釋放 set fire to 放火燒…… set sail 起航 Careless s

11、moking may set off fires. 粗心吸煙會引發(fā)火災。 　　 (1)Its ten years since the scientist set_out on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical. (2)They set_up a notice on the wall. (3)He sets_aside one hour to learn English every day. 3．come across偶然遇見；被理解；使產生……印象 I came across children sleeping

12、 under bridge. 我偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)睡在橋下的孩子。 He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not really come across. 他講了很長時間，但他的意思沒有人真正理解。 　　　 偶遇 come out 出現(xiàn)，出版，說出 come up 長出地面，被提及 come on 出場；加油 Many questions came up at the meeting. 會上提出了許多問題。 　　 (1)Could you tell me when the new edition is coming

13、_out? (2)Come_on,_you can do it. (3)I came_across an old photo in her desk. (4)I want to know why my name didnt come_up at the meeting. 4．appeal to (1)向……呼吁/請求 appeal to sb. for sth.　 為某事而向某人呼吁 appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事， 懇求某人做某事 We appeal to the government to take measures to pr

14、event the river from being polluted. 我們呼吁政府采取措施阻止這條河流受到污染。 (2)投合……的心意；引起……的興趣 Sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealing to both men and women. 體育運動已成為一種重要的娛樂形式，吸引著男男女女。 Does the idea of working for a venture company appeal to you? 你有沒有興趣到合資企業(yè)去工作？ (3)上訴；訴諸 appeal to arms

15、/force　　　 訴諸武力 appeal to the law 訴諸法律 appeal to another court 向另一法院上訴 The victims families of the murder have appealed to the Supreme Court to have a definitive answer. 被害者的家屬已經請求最高法院對這次謀殺案作出確切的答復。 (1)appeal n．　　　　　 呼吁；懇求 make an appeal to sb. 向某人提出呼吁 lose ones appeal for 失去對……的吸引力

16、 (2)appealing adj. 有吸引力的；有感染力的 These subjects have lost their appeal for most students. 對多數(shù)學生來說，這些學科已經失去了吸引力。 　　 (1)政府正呼吁每個人節(jié)約用水。 The government is_appealing_to_everyone to save water. (2)小孩喜歡鮮艷的顏色。 Bright colours appeal_to_small_children. 1．Collecting_“exotic”_plants,_as_they_are_calle

17、d,_dates back to the earliest times. 收集所謂“異國”植物要追溯到很久以前。 (1)Collecting “exotic” plants是動名詞短語作主語。動名詞作主語往往表示一般抽象的行為，用于泛指。動名詞短語作主語，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。 Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一種樂趣。 Toms not having finished his homework made his teacher angry. 湯姆沒有完成作業(yè)使老師很生氣。 動名詞作主語時，若表語為no use, no good, use

18、less, a waste of time等，常用it作形式主語，而將動名詞后置。句子結構為：It is no use/good/useless/a waste of time doing sth.“做某事沒有用處/沒有好處/浪費時間”。 Its no use crying over spilt milk. 后悔無益。 Its no good complaining. 抱怨是沒用的。 Its no use crying. 哭是沒有用的。 (2)as they are called是as引導的一個定語從句。as引導非限制性定語從句時有“正如”之意，可放在主句之前、之后或主句之中。

19、 Taiwan, as you know, is part of China. 如你所知，臺灣是中國的一部分。 As you say, he is a friend of ours. 正如你所說的，他是我們的朋友。 　　 (1)It is no use your_complaining (你抱怨); they wont do anything about it. (2)There was a cyber cafe around here, as_I_remember (我記得)． 2．However, it_was_not_until the eighteenth and ni

20、neteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world ... 然而，直到十八和十九世紀，對植物世界的探索才…… “It was not until ...that ...”是強調句型。強調句可以強調主語、表語、狀語。強調人時，that可換成who或whom，其余一律用that。 (1)強調句型的基本結構 強調句型的基本結構是“It is/was＋被強調的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被強調的部分可以是主語、賓語和狀語等。 I wonder if its because I havent been able

21、to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。 It was your dad who answered all those letters every year. 是你爸爸每年回復這些信件的。 (2)強調句型的疑問句式 強調句型的一般疑問句只需將is/was提前；特殊疑問句的結構是“疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分”。 Is it your brother

22、who works in that company? 是你哥哥在那家公司工作嗎？ The patient looks much better. What is it that has made him what he is today? 那個病人看上去好多了。是什么讓他變成今天這樣的呢？ (3)含有“not ... until”的強調句型 如果原句中含有“not ...until”，在強調時間狀語時，將主句中的否定詞not連同狀語一起提前。構成為：It was not until ... that ...。 It was not until she took off her dar

23、k glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她摘下墨鏡，我才認出她是一位著名的電影明星。 [注意]　(1)強調句型的判別方法是：去掉It is/was和that/who后句子仍然完整。否則，不是強調句型。 It is there that accidents often happen. →Accidents often happen there. (2)被強調的是時間或地點狀語時，不要用when或where而應用that。 Was it in 1939 that the World War Ⅱ broke out?

24、 二戰(zhàn)是在1939年爆發(fā)的嗎？(不能用when) (3)強調句型和狀語從句的區(qū)別。試比較： It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday. 昨天午夜我回到了家里。(強調句) It was midnight when/before I got back home yesterday. 當我昨天回到家里時，已經是午夜了。/昨天我還沒到家就到了午夜了。(狀語從句) 　　 (1)It was along the Mississippi Riverthat Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.

25、 (where, that, which) (2)Where was it_that we met the first time? (that, who, which) 3．Cook called the bay where the Endeavour had anchored Botany bay. 庫克把“奮進號”船的拋錨地稱為“植物灣”。 where the Endeavour had anchored 是where引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞the bay。 先行詞是表示地點的名詞(country, school, room ...)，而關系詞代替先行詞在定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語

26、時，一般用where引導定語從句。 The house where he used to live has now been turned into a museum. 他過去居住的房子現(xiàn)在已經成了博物館。 This is the school where I joined the Party. 這就是我在那兒入黨的那所學校。 where引導的定語從句與where引導的狀語從句 (1)引導定語從句時，where是關系副詞，其前面有一個表示地點或場所的名詞；where代替該地點或場所名詞(即先行詞)在定語從句中作地點狀語。 Can you find a situation wh

27、ere this word can be used? 你能找出一個可以使用這個單詞的情景嗎？ I will go to Qingdao next week, where my son is studying. 下周我將去青島，我兒子在那里學習。 (2)引導地點狀語從句時，where是從屬連詞，所引導的從句修飾主句的謂語動詞，where前面沒有表示地點的名詞。 I found my books where I had left them. 我在我原來放書的地方找到了我的書。 (3)有時，where引導的地點狀語從句兼有抽象條件含義，可放在主句的前面，而where引導的定語從句則不能

28、。 Where there is water, there is life. 有水的地方就有生命。 　　 (1)—Is that the small town you often refer to? —Right, just the one where you know I used to worked for years.(定語從句) (2)Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.(狀語從句) 4．Not_only_did_Fortune_introduce over 120 species of plants to

29、 Western gardens but_he_also_shipped 20,000 tea plants from Shanghai to India, ... Fortune不但把120多種植物引進到了西方的花園里，他也用船把20 000種茶樹從上海運到了印度，…… not only ... but also ...結構表示“不但……而且……”；其中的also有時可以省略。 (1)用于連接兩個表示并列關系的成分，著重強調后者。 Yet through his painstaking efforts, he changed not only his own fate but als

30、o the history of America. 然而通過艱苦努力，他不僅改變了自己的命運，還改變了美國歷史。 (2)可連接兩個并列的句子；若not only位于句首時，not only后面的句子要用部分倒裝。 Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well. 大部分飯菜花不了10美元就夠兩個人享用，因此它不僅實惠而且實用。 (3)若連接的兩個成分作主語，其謂語通常與靠近的主語保持一致。 Not only y

31、ou but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得離開。 [注意]　not only只能放在一起；but also既可以連用，也可以分開；also可以省略。 　　 (1)用所給詞的適當形式填空 ①Not only does (do) he speak English correctly, but he also speaks it fluently. ②Not only the students but also their teacher likes (like) playing football. (2)一句多譯 這個機會不僅讓你高興，還會滿足你對

32、中國戲劇的興趣。 ①Not_only_will_this opportunity make_you_happy,__but_also_satisfy_your_interest in Chinese operas. ②This opportunity will_not_only_make_you_happy,_but_also_satisfy_your_interest in Chinese operas. Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The foreign visitors came from a distant (遙遠的) country. 2．The two stories con

33、flicted(沖突), so I did not know which to believe. 3．The restrictions (限制條件) on the use of the playground are: no fighting, no damaging property. 4．He is fluent(流利的) in five languages. 5．The school authorities are appealing (呼吁) to every student to pay attention to his own security. 6．After sweepi

34、ng the courtyard (院子), we might as well clean the rooms. 7．Bill has shaved his beard off. 8．I couldnt open the jar because the lid was too tight. 9．A flower pot dropped from his balcony (陽臺)． 10．The water rushed off the roof in the thunderstorm (雷雨)． Ⅱ.選詞填空 set up， date back to， quantities of，

35、 come across， adapt to， take interest in， appeal to 1．When he moved to Canada, the children adapted_to the change very well. 2．The town dates_back_to Roman times. 3．They set_up a memorial in honour of the hero. 4．Does the exotic music appeal_to_ you? 5．Quantities_of clothes and food were provid

36、ed for the earthquake areas last week. 6．I came_across some old photos in the balcony. 7．He takes_interest_in learning French. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他從沒遇到過像希拉這樣的人。 He had never come_across a person quite like Sheila. 2．警方呼吁公眾保持鎮(zhèn)靜。 The police made an appeal_to the public to remain calm. 3．他們對于戰(zhàn)爭起因的報道與我們的相

37、反。 Their accounts of the causes of the war conflicted_with/were_in_conflict_with ours. 4．我看到遠處有艘輪船。 I saw a ship in_the_distance. 5．大衛(wèi)說，正是由于他對文字的濃厚興趣才使得他選了這門課程。 David said that it_was because of his strong interest in literature that he chose the course. Ⅳ.句型轉換 1．I would keep away from that d

38、og, if I were you. I would keep_myself_at_a_distance from that dog, if I were you. 2．He is interested in music and cooking. He takes_interest_in music and cooking. 3．My interests conflict with yours. My interests are in_conflict_with yours. 4．Arguing with Bill is no use, because he will never

39、 change his mind. It_is_no_use arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. 5．Regular radio broadcasts didnt begin until 1920. It_was_not_until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began. Ⅴ.閱讀理解 A Botany, the study of plants, occupies a special position in the history of human knowle

40、dge.For many thousands of years it was a field about which humans had a great deal to learn.It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties

41、 must be extremely ancient.This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants.They have always been important to the benefit of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other pur

42、poses.Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each.To them botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge” at all. Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away

43、we move from direct contact with plants, and the less definite our knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, and apple, or an orchid. When our ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for r

44、icher harvests the next season, the first great step in a new association (聯(lián)系) of plants and humans was taken.Grains were discovered and from them flowed the wonder of agriculture: cultivated crops.From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plan

45、ts, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild — and the accumulated (積累) knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close contact with plants in the wild would begin to fade away. 1．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Early huma

46、ns knew nothing about plants. B．Early humans probably had extensive knowledge of plants. C．Early humans had little knowledge of plants. D．Early humans did not enjoy the study of botany. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第三句的前半部分可知B項正確。 2．In Paragraph 1 the underlined word “properties” refers to________. A．the b

47、elongings of early humans B．the wealth of ancient people C．the characteristics or qualities of plants D．Both B and C 解析：選C　詞義猜測題。全文出現(xiàn)property的地方有兩處，除了第一段之外，在第二段倒數(shù)第二句話還能找到。觀察其搭配，可發(fā)現(xiàn)這個詞兩處都與plant聯(lián)用，可猜出其意思與人類無關，故選C項。 3．Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon________. A．dont know anything

48、about plants B．recognize botany as a branch of science C．first give the name of botany D．are experts of plants 解析：選D　細節(jié)理解題。從第二段看出，亞馬孫叢林中的部落人能認識數(shù)百種植物，并熟悉它們的屬性。他們不知道什么叫“植物學”，這些知識只是想當然的事，甚至不納入“知識”范疇。故選D項。 4．According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?

49、 A．The invention of agricultural implements and machinery. B．The development of a system of names for plants. C．The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted. D．The changing diets of early humans. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。從最后一段第一句中可以得出答案。 B The Japanese like parties.From ancient times, a

50、party becomes enlivened (活潑) when someone starts singing and others keep applauding.Having such a custom, the Japanese can easily sing in front of others without feeling embarrassed.This seems to be one of the reasons that karaoke has been largely accepted in Japanese society. It is now widely reco

51、gnized that the use of karaoke started at a snack bar in Kobe City, one of the three biggest cities in Japan.It is said that when a guitarist could not come to perform at the bar due to illness, the owner of the bar prepared tapes of accompaniment recordings, and people enjoyed singing to the tape

52、s. It was at that time that karaoke appeared.Holding a microphone and singing a song to the accompaniment of an “orchestra (管弦樂隊)”， you can feel like a professional singer.For soldiers living in a stressful society, there is no other entertainment activity that can make them feel so refreshed. It

53、is a typical way to relax for Japanese businessmen.They use it to take away their stress after work.However, there is an obstacle to this: since most Japanese houses are still made of wood, it would be very annoying to the neighbors to sing into a microphone at night.Seizing upon the opportunity, b

54、usinessmen created the karaoke box, a roadside facility containing karaoke equipment.Karaoke boxes are soundproofed rooms, closed with a door, placed on roadsides where people can sing.The first “Karaoke box” was placed in a rice camp in the countryside in 1984.It was built from a converted freight

55、car (改裝的貨運車)．Now, the karaoke boom has even spread abroad and it has also been attracting the attention of the countries trying to improve their literacy rate (識字率) as a good educational tool. 5．According to the text, we can learn that karaoke ________. A．originated from the biggest city of Japa

56、n B．originated in the form of singing to tapes C．can help you achieve the level of professional singers D．first appeared in the army to relieve stress for soldiers 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知卡拉OK起源于日本三個大城市之一，Kobe的一間小零食店，這家小店因為吉他手生病不能演奏，店主就錄制了吉他手的樂曲，歌手唱歌時播放錄制的音樂，因此可知A項錯誤，B項正確。根據(jù)第三段“feel like a profession

57、al singer”可知卡拉OK讓你的歌聲聽起來像專業(yè)歌手的歌聲，并不能讓你真正達到專業(yè)歌手水平，故排除C。文章第三段提到卡拉OK是士兵緩解壓力的不二方式，但卡拉OK并非誕生于軍營，故排除D。 6．The underlined word “soundproofed” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “________”． A．recording sounds repeatedly B．receiving sound signals C．making sound more clear D．stopping sound from being hear

58、d outside 解析：選D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞前后語境可知由于日本的房子大都是木房子，隔音效果差，因此唱歌時會影響周圍居民的生活，商人抓住這一商機發(fā)明了包廂，這是一種關閉門窗，置于路邊的隔音效果較好的房子。因此根據(jù)語境可以推斷soundproofed意思是“隔音的”，故D項符合題意。 7．What can be inferred from the text? A．Karaoke was started in a bar during a party. B．A guitarist was the originator who brought the karaoke into b

59、eing. C．Karaoke was very common as a form of entertainment at home when it was born. D．Karaoke is used as a way of education in some countries. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句中的“attracting the attention of the countries trying to improve their literacy rate (識字率) as a good educational tool”可知D項正確?？ɡ璒K起源

60、于一家小零食店，由于吉他手生病，店主想出了用錄制音樂伴奏的法子，故推斷A和B均錯誤。根據(jù)最后一段可知由于噪音大影響鄰居，因此卡拉OK的發(fā)展受到限制，故推斷C項錯誤。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．What karaoke boxes are like. B．How karaoke boxes were created. C．The origins and development of karaoke. D．Karaoke becomes a popular form of entertainment. 解析：選C　主旨大意題。本文介紹了卡拉OK的起源和發(fā)展，故選C。