《廣西中峰鄉(xiāng)育才中學(xué)九年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)上冊(cè) 23.2.3 關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)課件 (新版)新人教版》由會(huì)員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《廣西中峰鄉(xiāng)育才中學(xué)九年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)上冊(cè) 23.2.3 關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)課件 (新版)新人教版(13頁珍藏版)》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、2、中心對(duì)稱有何性質(zhì)?、中心對(duì)稱有何性質(zhì)?1、什么叫中心對(duì)稱和中心對(duì)稱圖形?、什么叫中心對(duì)稱和中心對(duì)稱圖形?(2 2)關(guān)于中心對(duì)稱圖形的兩個(gè)圖形,對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的)關(guān)于中心對(duì)稱圖形的兩個(gè)圖形,對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的連線連線都經(jīng)過對(duì)稱中心都經(jīng)過對(duì)稱中心,并且,并且被對(duì)稱中心平分被對(duì)稱中心平分。(1 1)關(guān)于中心對(duì)稱圖形的兩個(gè)圖形是)關(guān)于中心對(duì)稱圖形的兩個(gè)圖形是全等圖形全等圖形。把一個(gè)圖形繞著某一點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)把一個(gè)圖形繞著某一點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)1800,如果它能與另一個(gè)如果它能與另一個(gè)圖形重合圖形重合,就說這兩個(gè)圖形關(guān)于這個(gè)點(diǎn)成就說這兩個(gè)圖形關(guān)于這個(gè)點(diǎn)成中心對(duì)稱中心對(duì)稱.把把一個(gè)圖形一個(gè)圖形繞著某一個(gè)繞著某一個(gè)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn) 180180
2、,如果旋轉(zhuǎn),如果旋轉(zhuǎn)后的圖形能夠與原來的圖形后的圖形能夠與原來的圖形重合重合,那么這個(gè)圖形,那么這個(gè)圖形叫做叫做中心對(duì)稱圖形中心對(duì)稱圖形. .12345-4 -3 -2 -1OXB(3,2)C(3,-2)P(-3,2)A(-3,- 2 ) 3.3.你能說出點(diǎn)你能說出點(diǎn)P P關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸、軸、y y軸對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)嗎?軸對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)嗎?31425-2-4-1-3點(diǎn)點(diǎn)A A與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)B B的位置關(guān)系是怎樣的?點(diǎn)的位置關(guān)系是怎樣的?點(diǎn)P P與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)C C呢呢? ?xyO-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4-12341-2-3ABE作出下列點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn),并寫出它們的坐標(biāo)。作出下列點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)
3、稱點(diǎn),并寫出它們的坐標(biāo)。A(4,0) B(0,-3) C(2,1) D(-1,2) E(-3,-2)A(4,0) B(0,-3) C(2,1) D(-1,2) E(-3,-2)DC這些點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)與已知點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)有什么關(guān)系?這些點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)與已知點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)有什么關(guān)系?橫坐標(biāo)、縱坐標(biāo)的符號(hào)都互為相反數(shù)橫坐標(biāo)、縱坐標(biāo)的符號(hào)都互為相反數(shù)即點(diǎn)即點(diǎn)P(a,bP(a,b) )關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為(關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為(-a,-b)-a,-b)如何確定平面直角坐標(biāo)系中如何確定平面直角坐標(biāo)系中點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)?點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)?(4,0)(0,3)(2,1)(1,2)(3,2) 兩個(gè)點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱時(shí),它們
4、的坐標(biāo)兩個(gè)點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱時(shí),它們的坐標(biāo)符號(hào)相反,即點(diǎn)符號(hào)相反,即點(diǎn)P(a,b)關(guān)于原點(diǎn))關(guān)于原點(diǎn)O的對(duì)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)稱點(diǎn)P(a,b)。)。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1.1.若設(shè)點(diǎn)若設(shè)點(diǎn)M M(a,b),a,b), M M點(diǎn)關(guān)于點(diǎn)關(guān)于X X軸的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)軸的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)M M1 1( ) M M點(diǎn)關(guān)于點(diǎn)關(guān)于Y Y軸的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)軸的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)M M2 2( ),), M M點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)O O的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)M M3 3( )a,-b- a, b-a,-b2.2.點(diǎn)點(diǎn)A(-1,-3)A(-1,-3)關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)是軸對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)是_._.關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是_._.3.3.若點(diǎn)若點(diǎn)A(m
5、,-2),B(1,n)A(m,-2),B(1,n)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱, ,則則m=_,n=_ .m=_,n=_ .-(,)(,)(,)(,)隨堂練習(xí)隨堂練習(xí) 例題例題1 1:利用關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)的特點(diǎn),:利用關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)的特點(diǎn),作出與線段作出與線段ABAB關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的圖形。關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的圖形。 -3 -3 3 O B A -2 -2 1 -1 y x 3 -4 4 2 2 1 -1解:點(diǎn)解:點(diǎn)P P(x x,y y)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)為點(diǎn)為PP(- -x x,- -y y),因此,線段),因此,線段ABAB的兩個(gè)端點(diǎn)的兩個(gè)端點(diǎn)A A(0 0,-1-1),)
6、,B B(3 3,0 0)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)分別為)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)分別為AA(1 1,0 0),),B B(-3-3,0 0)。)。連結(jié)連結(jié)ABAB。則就可得到與線段則就可得到與線段ABAB關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的線段稱的線段ABAB。 例題例例2: 已知已知ABCABC的三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為的三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為A A(-3(-3,5),B(- 45),B(- 4,1),C(-11),C(-1,3)3),作出,作出ABCABC關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的圖形。關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的圖形。解:點(diǎn)解:點(diǎn)A(-3,5),B(-4,1),A(-3,5),B(-4,1),C(-1,3)C(-1,3),關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱,關(guān)于原點(diǎn)
7、對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為A (3,-5), A (3,-5), B (4,-1),B (4,-1),C (1,-3).C (1,-3).31425-2-4-1-301 2 3 4 5-4 -3 -2 -1AcB-5ABC 依次連接依次連接AB,BC,CA,AB,BC,CA,就得到就得到ABCABC關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的ABC.ABC. 直線直線ab,垂足為,垂足為O,點(diǎn),點(diǎn)A與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)A關(guān)于直線關(guān)于直線a對(duì)對(duì)稱,點(diǎn)稱,點(diǎn)A與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)A關(guān)于直線關(guān)于直線b對(duì)稱,點(diǎn)對(duì)稱,點(diǎn)A與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)A有怎有怎樣的對(duì)稱關(guān)系?你能說明理由嗎?樣的對(duì)稱關(guān)系?你能說明理由嗎?baAAAO1. 1. 下列各點(diǎn)中哪兩
8、個(gè)點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)下列各點(diǎn)中哪兩個(gè)點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)O O對(duì)稱?對(duì)稱?A A(-5-5,0 0),),B B(0 0,2 2),), C C(2 2,-1-1),),D D(2 2,0 0),), E E(0 0,5 5),), F F(-2-2,1 1),),G G(-2-2,-1-1)C與與F關(guān)于原點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)O對(duì)稱對(duì)稱 隨堂練習(xí)隨堂練習(xí)2.2.已知點(diǎn)已知點(diǎn)M M(2m+1,m-1)2m+1,m-1)與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)N N關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱,若關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱,若點(diǎn)點(diǎn)N N在第二象限,求在第二象限,求m m的取值范圍是多少?的取值范圍是多少?3 .3 .試寫出直線試寫出直線y=3x-5y=3x-5關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的直線的函關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的直線的函數(shù)解析式。數(shù)解析式。 兩個(gè)點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱時(shí),它們的坐標(biāo)兩個(gè)點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱時(shí),它們的坐標(biāo)符號(hào)相反,即點(diǎn)符號(hào)相反,即點(diǎn)P(a,b),關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的),關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)對(duì)稱點(diǎn)P(a,b),及其利用這些特),及其利用這些特點(diǎn)解決一些實(shí)際問題。點(diǎn)解決一些實(shí)際問題。 課堂小結(jié)課堂小結(jié)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo):關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo):作業(yè):作業(yè):1.1.課本課本P69P69頁練習(xí)頁練習(xí) 第第1 1、2 2、3 3題題2.2.同步學(xué)習(xí)上的相應(yīng)練習(xí)同步學(xué)習(xí)上的相應(yīng)練習(xí)