中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 第二篇 語法突破篇 專題十六 主謂一致和倒裝句課件

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1、專題十六主謂一致和倒裝句專題十六主謂一致和倒裝句-2-3-考點1考點2主謂一致 1.(2017長沙中考) Not only my parents but also my sister crazy about the TV play In the Name of People.A.is B.are C.have been【解析】A考查主謂一致。句意:不僅我的父母,而且我的妹妹對電視劇人民的名義瘋狂地喜歡。not only.but also.連接并列的主語時,謂語動詞遵循就近原則。較近的是my sister。故選A。-4-考點1考點22.(2017益陽中考) The number of peopl

2、e in the city about seven million now.A.areB.has C.is【解析】C考查主謂一致。句意:現(xiàn)在這個城市人口的數(shù)量大約是七百萬。the number of表示“的數(shù)量”,跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用作主語時,中心詞是number,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。故選C。 3.(2017宜賓中考)Two months a long time.We can visit our grandparents during the vacation.A.am B.is C.are【解析】B考查主謂一致。句意:兩個月很長。我們可以在假期期間看望我們的爺爺奶奶。當(dāng)主語為表示時間、地點、距離、價

3、錢等的名詞時,通常謂語需要用單數(shù)形式。故選B。-5-考點1考點24.(2017泰州中考)Neither Jim nor Tom Australia before,but they know the country very well.A.has gone toB.has been toC.have gone to D.have been to【解析】B考查主謂一致和been to與gone to的區(qū)別。句意:吉姆和湯姆以前都沒去過澳大利亞,但他們對這個國家很了解。neither.nor.連結(jié)主語時,謂語動詞根據(jù)“就近原則”確定適當(dāng)形式,主語Tom提示謂語助動詞用has,下文but引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折句意

4、提示用has been to表示“去過”。故選B。-6-考點1考點25.(2017貴陽中考)We all know that one of the worlds most popular sports football.A.amB.isC.are【解析】B考查主謂一致。句意:我們都知道足球是世界上最受歡迎的運動之一。one of修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù);主語one of the worlds most popular sports是第三人稱單數(shù)。故選B。-7-考點1考點26.(2017齊齊哈爾中考) A number of visitors visiting the West

5、Lake and the number of the visitors increasing.A.are,is B.is,areC.are,are【解析】A考查主謂一致。句意:大量的旅游者正在參觀西湖,游客的數(shù)量正在增長。a number of意為“大量的”,主語是其后所修飾的名詞,visitors是復(fù)數(shù),謂語用are;the number of意為“的數(shù)量”,主語是number,謂語動詞用is。故選A。-8-考點1考點2英語中,主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定著謂語動詞的形式,這被稱作主謂一致。它主要遵循以下原則:1.語法一致語法一致指主語和謂語在語法形式上保持一致。(1)當(dāng)and和both.and.連

6、接名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Lucy and Lily are twins.露西和莉莉是雙胞胎。(2)不定代詞everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,no one,everything,something,anything,nothing等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Everybody here knows me.這里的每個人都認(rèn)識我。Something is wrong with my computer.我的計算機(jī)有毛病了。-9-考點1考點2(3)名詞后接由with,together with,as wel

7、l as,rather than,including,besides,like,expect,but等引起的短語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由介詞前名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。A woman with three children has come.一個女人帶著三個孩子來了。I as well as they am ready to help you.不僅他們,我也愿意幫助你。(4)“a lot of (lots of)” “plenty of” “most of+名詞”和“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”等作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于名詞,如果是不可數(shù)名詞,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,如果是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞

8、用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Lots of students have been there.很多學(xué)生去過那兒。-10-考點1考點2(5)由“a pair of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;“pairs (kinds)of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。A pair of shoes is under the chair.一雙鞋在椅子底下。(6)由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物體的名詞(如trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves等)作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿壞了。(7)不定式或v.-ing形式作主語時,謂語動詞用

9、單數(shù)形式。To learn English well isnt very easy.學(xué)好英語不容易。Mending the car is his job.修車是他的工作。-11-考點1考點22.意義一致意義一致指從意義上著眼處理主謂關(guān)系。比如:主語形式雖然是單數(shù),但意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞就應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。某些情況下,主語雖然是復(fù)數(shù),但意義是單數(shù),謂語動詞也應(yīng)該用單數(shù)。(1)由and連接的兩個名詞作主語,如果是指同一概念,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。The scientist and inventor is his father.那位科學(xué)家兼發(fā)明家是他的父親。(2)表示金錢、價格、時間、長度等的復(fù)數(shù)名

10、詞、詞組作主語時,一般被看作一個整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Do you think three dollars is enough?你認(rèn)為三美元夠嗎?-12-考點1考點2(3)family,crowd,company,class,group等集體名詞作主語時,如果表示整體概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如果表示集體中的成員,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The crowd are fighting for their lives.這些人正在為生存而戰(zhàn)斗。(4)cattle,people,police等作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The police have caught the murderer.警方已經(jīng)

11、抓獲了兇手。(5)學(xué)科名詞maths,politics,physics等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Maths is hard for me to learn.對我來說,數(shù)學(xué)很難學(xué)。-13-考點1考點23.就近原則就近原則是指謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的主語。(1)由either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but (also).等連接兩個并列主語時,謂語動詞與離它較近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。Not only his children but also he wants to go to the Great Wall.不僅他的孩子想去,而且他也想去長城。Either

12、 you or he is wrong.你或他錯了。(2)There be或Here be這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中,be動詞常與最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。There is a pen,two pencils and some books on the desk.書桌上有一支鋼筆、兩支鉛筆和一些書。There are two pencils,a pen and some books on the desk.書桌上有兩支鉛筆、一支鋼筆和一些書。-14-考點1考點2倒裝句 1.(2017廣東中考)Is there any outdoor learning in your school?.We learn out

13、doors once or twice every month.A.Yes,there isB.No,there isntC.Yes,it isD.No,it isnt【解析】A考查there be句型。根據(jù)第一句Is there,回答應(yīng)是Yes,there is/No,there isnt,又由于后文的We learn outdoors once or twice every month可知,回答應(yīng)是肯定的。故選A。-15-考點1考點22.(2017白銀中考)There a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this af

14、ternoon.A.will B.is going to have C.is going to be D.will have【解析】C考查there be句型的將來時用法。句意:今天下午在這兩個年級之間將有一場籃球賽。由this afternoon可知句子用將來時態(tài)。there be句型的將來時用there will be或there is going to be表示。故選C。3.(2017南京中考)Look!There a photo of our English teacher in todays newspaper!A.isB.areC.haveD.has【解析】A考查固定句型。句意:看

15、,在今天的報紙上有我們英語老師的圖片。there be.表示“有”,后面的名詞a photo是單數(shù),因此系動詞用is。故選A。-16-考點1考點24.(2017安順中考) there anything new in todays Qianzhong Morning Daily?No.But there some inspiring stories worth reading.A.Is;isB.Are;areC.Is;areD.Are;is【解析】C考查主謂一致。句意:今天的黔中早報有一些新的東西嗎?沒有,但有一些令人鼓舞的故事值得一讀。前者不定代詞anything作句子的主語,there be

16、句型中的be動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式;后者some inspiring stories作句子的主語,there be句型中的be動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選C。-17-考點1考點25.(2017黔南州中考) There an NBA match on TV this weekend.A.will playB.is going to beC.will have D.is going to have【解析】B考查there be句型。句意:這個周末將有一場NBA比賽。there be的一般將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)為there is going to be意為“將要有”。故選B。-18-考點1考點26.(2017涼山州中考)

17、There a party tomorrow evening.Would you like to go with me?Id love to.A.isB.has C.is going to haveD.is going to be【解析】D考查there be 結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:明天晚上有個晚會,你想和我一起去嗎?我愿意。there be不與have/has連用,可排除選項B、C;由時間狀語tomorrow evening可知用將來時。故選D。7.(2017宜賓中考)There a basketball match in our school this afternoon.A.will have B

18、.will beC.is going to have【解析】B考查there be句型與動詞的時態(tài)。句意:今天下午我們學(xué)校將會有一場籃球比賽。there be句型的將來時態(tài)為:there will be.或there is going to be.。故選B。-19-考點1考點28.(2017貴陽中考)“Ive never been to Disneyland,Judy.”“ ”A.So have I.B.Neither am I. C.Neither have I.【解析】C考查倒裝句。句意:“朱迪,我從沒去過迪斯尼樂園”“我也沒去過?！鄙暇涫欠穸ň?所以下句的倒裝句應(yīng)當(dāng)用Neither引導(dǎo),

19、可排除選項A;上句中用了助動詞,所以倒裝句中應(yīng)當(dāng)用助動詞。故選C。-20-考點1考點29.(2017天水中考)Its very cold in Shenyang in winter. here.A.So it isB.So is itC.So it doesD.So does it【解析】A考查倒裝句。句意:沈陽冬天非常冷。這里也是。本句上下文主語相同,都是“天氣”,所以so是表語提前構(gòu)成的倒裝句,正常語序是It is so here.就句子某一成分提前構(gòu)成的倒裝句,當(dāng)主語是代詞時要用主謂語序。上文用了be動詞提示下文也用be動詞。故選A。-21-考點1考點210.(2017宿遷中考)I do

20、nt like horror films.Theyre terrible.A.Either I do B.Neither I do C.Either do ID.Neither do I【解析】D考查倒裝句。句意:我不喜歡恐怖電影。它們太可怕。我也不喜歡。承接上文,用neither或nor引導(dǎo)倒裝句,表示“也不”,要構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。上句助動詞用do,下文也用do。故選D。-22-考點1考點21.there be句型的倒裝there be句型是一個表示某時某地“存在”某人或某物的句型,是主語在be動詞后的倒裝句。There is a small river near the village.村子

21、附近有一條小河。-23-考點1考點22.so,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句“So+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”表示前面的肯定情況也適合后面的人或物,意為“某人也是如此”;“Neither+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”表示前面的否定情況也適合后面的人或物,意為“某人也不”。I like playing the guitar.So does he.我喜歡彈吉他,他也喜歡。He cant do it.Neither can I.他不會做這事,我也不會做。-24-考點1考點23.方位副詞引起的倒裝以here,there,out,in,down,away等表示方位的副詞開頭的句子,如果主語是名

22、詞,而謂語動詞是be,come,go,lie,run等,用全部倒裝。注意:如果句子的主語是代詞時,則用半倒裝。Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.你盼望已久的信在這兒。Here it is.給你。/在這里。-25-考點1考點2(A)1.Would your sister go to Hainan this summer?If I dont go,.A.neither will sheB.neither does sheC.so will sheD.so does she(B)2.Im not going swimming to

23、morrow afternoon.I have to clean up my bedroom.A.So am IB.Neither am I C.Neither I am D.So I am(C)3.Lily goes to bed early in the evening.A.Neither does TomB.Neither Tom doesC.So does TomD.So Tom does-26-考點1考點2(A)4.Would you like to go to the zoo?If Linda does,.A.so will IB.neither will I C.so do ID

24、.neither do I(D)5.My sister and I will go to the library tomorrow.Shall we go together?A.So am IB.So do IC.So I amD.So will I-27-【技巧1】 辨別“單復(fù)”法主謂一致主要考查考生對主語單、復(fù)數(shù)以及人稱的理解和判斷能力。解答這類題目時,首先找出句子的真正主語,然后依據(jù)主謂一致的三原則做出選擇。主語后接with,together with,but,except等詞語時,謂語應(yīng)與前面的主語保持一致?！镜淅肝?】 (2016郴州中考)Look!A woman with thr

25、ee children crossing the street.Lets help them.A.isB.are C.was【解析】句意:看!一個帶著三個孩子的婦女正在過馬路。讓我們幫幫他們吧。 with是介詞,謂語動詞的形式要與with前的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)一致;因a woman是單數(shù)形式,因此謂語動詞也要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式;由Look可知句子用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。故選A。-28-【典例透析2】 (2016自貢中考)Everybody except Mike and Lindathere when the meeting began.A.areB.was C.were【解析】句意:當(dāng)會議開始的時候,除了邁克

26、和琳達(dá),大家都在那兒。時間狀語從句的時態(tài)為一般過去時,所以主句也應(yīng)用過去時,排除A項;“主語+except+名詞或代詞”充當(dāng)主語時,謂語動詞與except前的主語保持一致,故選B。-29-【技巧2】 熟記常見倒裝句型中考對倒裝句的考查主要涉及以so,neither開頭的倒裝句。so開頭表示倒裝和表示強(qiáng)調(diào)一直是考生的易錯點。【典例透析】 (邵陽中考)Mr.Black goes to work by car every day.A.So does Mr.Green B.So Mr.Green does C.So is Mr.Green【解析】考查倒裝句。句中用了實義動詞,所以倒裝句中用助動詞,可排

27、除C;“So+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”,表示“也”;“So+主語+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞”,表示“確實”。根據(jù)句意可知選A。-30-1.Almost everyone both in China and abroad C peace and is against war.A.loveB.lovedC.lovesD.loving2.How much B the shoes?Five dollars enough.A.is;isB.are;isC.are;are D.is;are3.Both Li Lei and Han Meimei D fond of the TV program

28、.I am also very interested in its experiment competitions.A.isB.amC.wasD.are4.Taking pictures A very interesting.I often go to the park to take photos in my spare time.A.isB.areC.to beD.be5.As we know,physics C an interesting subject.A.areB.have been C.isD.to be-31-6.The number of people invited C f

29、ifty,but a number of them absent for different reasons.A.were;wasB.was;was C.was;wereD.were;were7.About three-fifths of the work B done yesterday.A.hadB.was C.wereD.have8.Have you got some water to drink?Here you are.There C still some in the bottle.A.areB.wereC.isD.was9.These police often A the chi

30、ldren across the street.A.helpB.helpsC.helpingD.is helping10.This pair of trousers A Lucys.Your trousers on your bed.A.is;are B.is;is C.are;areD.are;is-32-11.We have an English class every day except Saturday and Sunday.D.A.So we haveB.So we do C.So have weD.So do we12.Our class are going to watch t

31、he movie Time Raiders tomorrow.If you dont go,C.A.so do IB.neither do IC.neither will I D.so will I13.B exciting news it is that the Disneyland in Shanghai has opened to the public!.We plan to go there this summer holiday.A.What an;So is itB.What;So it isC.How;So it isD.How;So it is-33-14.I have read the book Sense and Sensibility.A.A.So have IB.Neither have IC.So I haveD.Neither I have15.Beckys never been to Paris.D.But I really want to pay a visit to that beautiful city.A.So do IB.So I have C.Neither am ID.Neither have I