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1、寫出寫出5句關于白求恩的狀語從句：句關于白求恩的狀語從句： so that, save ones lifegive ones life to, work withoutlook forward to doing, take care of , continue doingin spite of , in order toAround the world: Heroes國際數學大師國際數學大師: 陳省身陳省身中國功夫英雄中國功夫英雄:成龍成龍體育英雄體育英雄:齊達內齊達內AROUND THE WORLD Florence Nightingale弗洛倫斯弗洛倫斯南丁格爾簡介南丁格爾簡介弗洛倫斯南丁
2、格爾-英國人 弗洛倫斯南丁格爾（Florence Nightingale）是英國人，1820年5月12日生于意大利的弗洛倫斯城，她父母以此城為名為她取名。她生于一個名門富有之家，自幼便在家庭里受教育。她父親是一個博學、有文化教養(yǎng)的人，為她提供了古典書籍、數學、哲學和語言等方 面的教育。她母親對她很不滿意，面的教育。她母親對她很不滿意，因為她無意于婚姻。她在當主婦、因為她無意于婚姻。她在當主婦、當文學家、當護士三者之中選擇了當文學家、當護士三者之中選擇了當護士。她從小便經常照看附近村當護士。她從小便經常照看附近村莊的病、殘人，并護理她的親屬，莊的病、殘人，并護理她的親屬，以解除病者的痛苦。她的父
3、母反對以解除病者的痛苦。她的父母反對她做護士，認為有損家庭榮譽。但她做護士，認為有損家庭榮譽。但封建意識、社會影響從未使她失去封建意識、社會影響從未使她失去做護理工作的信心。做護理工作的信心。 在她的時代，在她的時代，沒有一個沒有一個有身份的人做護士。有身份的人做護士。 做護士的，往往都是一些無知、粗做護士的，往往都是一些無知、粗魯、酗酒、沒有受過訓練的女人。魯、酗酒、沒有受過訓練的女人。她利用到歐洲旅游的機會，了解各她利用到歐洲旅游的機會，了解各地護理工作。最后她選定了的過的地護理工作。最后她選定了的過的凱瑟沃茲醫(yī)院，并于凱瑟沃茲醫(yī)院，并于1851年在該院年在該院參加了參加了4個月的短期訓練
4、班，使她學個月的短期訓練班，使她學護士的理想終于實現(xiàn)。在學習期間，護士的理想終于實現(xiàn)。在學習期間，她親身體驗到護理工作要為病人解她親身體驗到護理工作要為病人解除痛苦、給予精神安慰，除痛苦、給予精神安慰， 必須付出多方面的辛勤勞動。必須付出多方面的辛勤勞動。 1853年，她在倫敦擔任了婦女醫(yī)院院長。年，她在倫敦擔任了婦女醫(yī)院院長。次年，克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，她受政府次年，克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，她受政府的邀請，帶了的邀請，帶了38名合適的婦女，于名合適的婦女，于1854年年10月月21日離開倫敦，啟程前日離開倫敦，啟程前往克里米亞。往克里米亞。 在克里米亞，南丁格爾在克里米亞，南丁格爾發(fā)現(xiàn)工作很困難軍隊領
5、導對她的工作發(fā)現(xiàn)工作很困難軍隊領導對她的工作懷疑，醫(yī)院的給養(yǎng)也短缺，護士的紀懷疑，醫(yī)院的給養(yǎng)也短缺，護士的紀律很差。面對種種困難，她重點整頓律很差。面對種種困難，她重點整頓了規(guī)章和紀律。由于各方面支援，了規(guī)章和紀律。由于各方面支援， 醫(yī)院供應好轉；精心的護理挽救了很醫(yī)院供應好轉；精心的護理挽救了很多士兵的生命。士兵為了表示對她們多士兵的生命。士兵為了表示對她們的感謝，不再罵人，不再表示粗魯。的感謝，不再罵人，不再表示粗魯。夜靜時，南丁格爾手持油燈巡視病房，夜靜時，南丁格爾手持油燈巡視病房，士兵竟躺在床上親吻落在墻壁的她的士兵竟躺在床上親吻落在墻壁的她的身影。她還要注意士兵的傷口是否換身影。她還
6、要注意士兵的傷口是否換藥了，是否得到了適當的飲食。她安藥了，是否得到了適當的飲食。她安慰重病者，并督促士兵往家里寫信并慰重病者，并督促士兵往家里寫信并把剩余的錢給家里寄去，以補助家庭把剩余的錢給家里寄去，以補助家庭生活。她自己還寄了幾百封信給死亡生活。她自己還寄了幾百封信給死亡士兵的家屬。士兵的家屬。 在很短的時間內，她便在士兵中成了傳在很短的時間內，她便在士兵中成了傳奇式的人物，同時，全英國也知道了持奇式的人物，同時，全英國也知道了持燈女士燈女士”。她在克里米亞短短半年時間，。她在克里米亞短短半年時間，士兵的死亡率由原來的士兵的死亡率由原來的5下降到下降到22%。 南丁格爾在克里米亞患了克里
7、米亞熱，南丁格爾在克里米亞患了克里米亞熱，健康還為完全恢復，就又繼續(xù)工作。健康還為完全恢復，就又繼續(xù)工作。1856年年11月她作為最后的撤離人員，月她作為最后的撤離人員，返回英國。回到英國后，她已極度疲憊，返回英國。回到英國后，她已極度疲憊，但很快，她又繼續(xù)忙于英國皇家專門調但很快，她又繼續(xù)忙于英國皇家專門調查委員回的軍隊衛(wèi)生工作。查委員回的軍隊衛(wèi)生工作。所以，雖然在所以，雖然在1855年已得到各方面資助年已得到各方面資助的辦護士學校的基金，卻使她未能夠馬的辦護士學校的基金，卻使她未能夠馬上開展辦護士學校的工作。她認為，護上開展辦護士學校的工作。她認為，護校必須與醫(yī)院結合。最后，她選中了倫校必
8、須與醫(yī)院結合。最后，她選中了倫敦的圣敦的圣托馬斯醫(yī)院作為她的辦學基地，托馬斯醫(yī)院作為她的辦學基地，1869年，南丁格爾護士訓練學校開學。年，南丁格爾護士訓練學校開學。 南丁格爾護士學校開學時有南丁格爾護士學校開學時有15名女子，名女子，年齡在年齡在25至至35歲之間，訓練時間為一年。歲之間，訓練時間為一年。學生的食、宿、制服、學費全部免費，學生的食、宿、制服、學費全部免費，每年并給每年并給10英鎊助學英鎊助學金。 學校委托給圣學校委托給圣托馬斯醫(yī)院護理主任管托馬斯醫(yī)院護理主任管理，南丁格爾只去過學校兩次。但她一理，南丁格爾只去過學校兩次。但她一直密切關注學校的發(fā)展情況。醫(yī)院護理直密切關注學校的
9、發(fā)展情況。醫(yī)院護理主任不斷向她請示、匯報學校的每一件主任不斷向她請示、匯報學校的每一件事。護士和護士長常常在南丁格爾家中事。護士和護士長常常在南丁格爾家中進行面談。進行面談。 南丁格爾雖然健康狀況不南丁格爾雖然健康狀況不好，但仍活到好，但仍活到90歲。直到她歲。直到她80高齡時，高齡時，她仍為護理事業(yè)持續(xù)工作著。她不停地她仍為護理事業(yè)持續(xù)工作著。她不停地讀書、寫報告，對醫(yī)院建設讀書、寫報告，對醫(yī)院建設 提建議，提建議，接見那些想與她討論工作的人，并會見接見那些想與她討論工作的人，并會見護士們，詢問她們的工作。從南丁格爾護士們，詢問她們的工作。從南丁格爾護校畢業(yè)的護士們曾到世界各國幫助改護校畢業(yè)
10、的護士們曾到世界各國幫助改進醫(yī)院護理工作。南丁格爾最高興的就進醫(yī)院護理工作。南丁格爾最高興的就是聽到護理工作所取得的進步。是聽到護理工作所取得的進步。 南丁南丁格爾最大的成就就是創(chuàng)建了護理專業(yè)，格爾最大的成就就是創(chuàng)建了護理專業(yè)，然而其影響卻遠不止于此。在維多利亞然而其影響卻遠不止于此。在維多利亞時代早期，女子在管家之外所學的很少，時代早期，女子在管家之外所學的很少，有極少數的女子的成就是成為貴婦人。有極少數的女子的成就是成為貴婦人。南丁格爾的建樹是婦女有能力做更多的南丁格爾的建樹是婦女有能力做更多的事。她并不強調男女平等，她為事。她并不強調男女平等，她為婦女做了很多的，是贏得了今天所享婦女做了
11、很多的，是贏得了今天所享受的自由。受的自由。 南丁格爾女士以最高貴的南丁格爾女士以最高貴的奉獻精神把一生獻給了護理事業(yè)，為奉獻精神把一生獻給了護理事業(yè)，為護理事業(yè)奮斗終生。英國人把她看作護理事業(yè)奮斗終生。英國人把她看作是英國的驕傲，為她在倫敦樹立了銅是英國的驕傲，為她在倫敦樹立了銅像，并把她的大半身像印在英國像，并把她的大半身像印在英國10英英鎊紙幣的背面（正面是英國女王伊麗鎊紙幣的背面（正面是英國女王伊麗莎白二世的半身像）。美國大詩人莎白二世的半身像）。美國大詩人Longfellow（18071882）為她作詩，）為她作詩，贊美她的贊美她的 精神是高貴的，是女界的英雄。如今全世精神是高貴的，
12、是女界的英雄。如今全世界都以界都以5 5月月1212日為國際護士節(jié)紀念她。南日為國際護士節(jié)紀念她。南丁格爾被列入世界偉人之一，受到人們的丁格爾被列入世界偉人之一，受到人們的尊敬。尊敬。Look at the pictures and facts about Yuan Longping, write a passage about him.HomeworkWriting Born in Beijing in 1930 Studied in Southwest Agricultural College 1973: developed new rice Now many countries of t
13、he world grow more rice than beforeWrite about your heroPlan to write three or four paragraphs like this:Paragraph 1: Introduce your hero and where he/she came from.HomeworkParagraphs 2 and 3: Say what he/ she did.Paragraph 4: Say why he/she was so important for you today.Look at Unit 2, Activity 2
14、for help or ideas.Quiz 1. He became a scientist _ he could study plants.2. They played football every day _ they wanted to become football players.3. He wanted to be a good writer _ he wrote for many hours every day.I. Complete the sentences with because, so or so that.becausesoso that4. The soldier
15、s were fighting _ they loved their country.5. The soldiers were ill _ he tried to help them.6. She worked hard _ she could become a doctor.becausesoso thatWe think that Hua Mulan lived about 1,500 years ago. The army wanted her father to fight in a war, but her father could not go (1) _ he was old a
16、nd ill. 4. Complete the passage with because, so or so that.becauseHua Mulans brother was very young (2) _ he could not fight. Hua Mulan dressed as a man (3) _ she could fight in the army. She fought in the army for many years (4) _ people didnt know she was a woman. They only learnt that she was a
17、woman many years later.soso thatsoThank you for listening!狀語從句總結狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為七大類，分別表示謂語。一般可分為七大類，分別表示時間、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓時間、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較。盡管種類較多，但由于狀步、比較。盡管種類較多，但由于狀語從句與漢語結構和用法相似，所以語從句與漢語結構和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語從句的關理解和掌握它并不難。狀語從句的關鍵是要掌握引導不同狀語從句的常用鍵是要掌握引導不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考
18、點?，F(xiàn)分連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點。現(xiàn)分別列舉如下別列舉如下: 1時間狀語從句 由AS,AFTER, AS SOON AS, BEFORE, SINCE,UNTIL ,WHEN ,WHENEVER, WHILE 等連詞來引導。As he explored the sea, he took a lot of pictures.As soon as he arrivied in France,he called me.He has been in Shanghai since he wasborn. Dont come in until you are called. Whenever were
19、in troulbel, hell help us. While I was watching TV,the bell rang.2. 原因狀語從句 常用引導詞：常用引導詞：because, since, as I didnt go surfing, because it was too cold. As the car is expensive, we cant buy it. Since he was busy, he didnt come.3 目的狀語從句 常用引導詞：常用引導詞：so, so that, in order that Well sit near the front so
20、we can hear the speaker better.He sat in the dark so that he couldnt be seen.4 結果狀語從句 常用引導詞：常用引導詞：so, so that, such that, He was so weak that he couldnt walk on.He got up so early that he caught the first bus.Its such a good chance that we must not miss it. 5 比較狀語從句常用引導詞：常用引導詞：as(so)as , than 等引導等引導
21、 She is not so(as) bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours. 6 條件狀語從句 常用引導詞：常用引導詞：if, unless, Well start our project if the president agrees. If you travel in India, you can use English everywhere.I wont pass the exam unless I work hard.7 讓步狀語從句 常用引導詞：常用引導詞：though, althoug
22、h,even though Although the traffic was heavy, we got to the railway station on time. Even though he is eighty,he looks strong and healthy. The old man always enjoys swimming though the weather is rough. RevisionIn American many people think Bill Gates is a hero. Do you know anything about Bill Gates
23、?Talk about the pictures in pairs.時間狀語從句根據其所表示的時間不同，所使時間狀語從句根據其所表示的時間不同，所使用的連詞也不同。下面我們一起來看一下幾個用的連詞也不同。下面我們一起來看一下幾個常見的時間狀語從句：常見的時間狀語從句：1.1.由由“when” when” 引導的從句：引導的從句：表示主句的動作和表示主句的動作和從句的動作同時發(fā)生，或從句的動作發(fā)生在主從句的動作同時發(fā)生，或從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前。句動作之前。例：例：I was going out I was going out when when a visitor came.a visi
24、tor came. ( (我正要出門，有客人來訪。我正要出門，有客人來訪。)()(動詞同時發(fā)動詞同時發(fā)生。生。) )I shall tell her the good newsI shall tell her the good news whenwhen she she es. ( (她來時，我將告訴她這個好消息。她來時，我將告訴她這個好消息。) )2.while 2.while 引導的從句：表示引導的從句：表示“當當過程中過程中”，強調某一段時間內主句和從句中謂語動詞所表強調某一段時間內主句和從句中謂語動詞所表示的動作在同一時期發(fā)生。由于示的動作在同一時期發(fā)生。由于whilewhile從句表
25、從句表示一個持續(xù)的行為，所以從句中要用示一個持續(xù)的行為，所以從句中要用持續(xù)性動持續(xù)性動詞詞，并且，并且持續(xù)性動詞常用進行時態(tài)持續(xù)性動詞常用進行時態(tài)。例：例：Keep an eye on my little sister Keep an eye on my little sister whilewhile I I am awayam away. . ( (我不在時，請照看一下我的小妹妹。我不在時，請照看一下我的小妹妹。) ) While we were watchingWhile we were watching TVTV, Jim came , Jim came in.in. ( (我們看電視
26、的時候，我們看電視的時候，JimJim進來了。進來了。) )3. 由由as引導的時間狀語從句，引導的時間狀語從句， 表示時間表示時間 當當., ., 的時候的時候 , , 一邊一邊.一邊一邊, , 隨著。其從句的主語隨著。其從句的主語與主句的主語往往是同一人或物，如：與主句的主語往往是同一人或物，如：She sang She sang asas she worked. she worked.她一邊工作一邊唱歌。（她一邊工作一邊唱歌。（此句主從句還可使用此句主從句還可使用進行時進行時） She was singing as she was working.I saw him I saw him
27、asas he was getting off the bus. he was getting off the bus.正當他下公共汽車時正當他下公共汽車時, , 我看見了他。我看見了他。As a child, he lived in America. .他小時候住在美國。他小時候住在美國。You will grow wiser You will grow wiser asas you grow older. you grow older.隨著你年令的增長隨著你年令的增長, , 你會變得更聰明。你會變得更聰明。4.before引導的從句：一般表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之前。 例：I didn
28、t know any English before I came here. (我到這兒來之前，一點英語都不懂。)(雖然主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之前，主句和從句中動詞都可用過去時。) I had written my report before my father came back. (我父親回來之前，我已寫完我的報告。) (為了表明主句的動作發(fā)生或完成在從句動作之前，主句動詞一般用過去完成時，從句中動詞用過去時，以區(qū)分動作的先后。)5.after引導的從句：表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。 例：After he locked the door, he left. (他鎖上門，就走了。)(
29、雖然從句的動作在前，主句的動作在后，但表示過去發(fā)生的連續(xù)動作，都可用過去時。) After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend.(他做完工作后，和朋友下了一盤棋。)(“做完工作”在前，“下棋”在后，為了表明動作的先后，從句中的動詞一般用過去完成時，主句中的動詞用過去時。)6.since6.since引導的從句：表示引導的從句：表示“自從自從以來以來“，從句中的動詞一般表示動作的起點，用過去時。從句中的動詞一般表示動作的起點，用過去時。主句中的動詞表示動作延續(xù)的情況，一般用現(xiàn)主句中的動詞表示動作延
30、續(xù)的情況，一般用現(xiàn)在完成時。如果主句中的動詞表示的不是延續(xù)在完成時。如果主句中的動詞表示的不是延續(xù)的動作而是表示目前的狀態(tài)，可用一般現(xiàn)在時。的動作而是表示目前的狀態(tài)，可用一般現(xiàn)在時。 例：例：SinceSince he met this good friend, he has he met this good friend, he has made great progress in his studies. made great progress in his studies. ( (自從遇見了這個好朋友，他已在學習上取得了自從遇見了這個好朋友，他已在學習上取得了巨大的進步巨大的進步) )
31、It is twenty years It is twenty years sincesince she she joined the Party.joined the Party. ( (她入黨二十年了。她入黨二十年了。)()(主句中的動詞表主句中的動詞表示的不是延續(xù)動作，而是狀態(tài)，示的不是延續(xù)動作，而是狀態(tài)， 用現(xiàn)在時。用現(xiàn)在時。）7.until 7.until 引導的從句：引導的從句：a a表示表示“直到直到”，主句和從句都用主句和從句都用肯定式肯定式b b表示表示“直到直到才才”，主句用否定式，主句用否定式，從句用肯定式。從句用肯定式。例：例：They worked They work
32、ed untiluntil it was late. it was late. ( (他們一直工作到天黑。他們一直工作到天黑。) ) She She didnt godidnt go to bed to bed untiluntil she she (had) finished her homework.(had) finished her homework. ( (她一直到寫完作業(yè)才睡覺。她一直到寫完作業(yè)才睡覺。) )8.as soon as 8.as soon as 引導的從句表示引導的從句表示“一一就就”。 例：例：As soon asAs soon as she came to she
33、 came to the classroom, she began to the classroom, she began to read English.read English. ( (她一到教室，就開始讀英語。她一到教室，就開始讀英語。) )Exercise:Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.1.As soon as/While it is January 2nd,I forget my New Years resolutions.2.My mother always cooks a wonderful meal unt
34、il/ when its a public holiday.3.We dont eat until/ as soon as two oclock in the afternoon on New Years Day.4.Before/ While my father is sleeping, we relax and watch TV.As soon aswhenuntilWhileShe did it so that Kylie could avoid problems with her parents.He died because he did not stop to take care
35、of his hand.Language practiceTheyre standing up because theyre both going to play.There were few doctors, so he had to work very hard. Theyre starting again, so be quiet!Yang Liwei joined the space programme because he wanted to be an astronaut. He trained for five years (1) _ he could become an ast
36、ronaut. People on Earth watched TV (2) _ they could see his space flight. so thatso thatComplete the passage. Use so, so that or because.Practise 1Yuri Gagarin went into space in April 1961, (3) _ he was the first man in space. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on the Moon in 1969, (4) _ they we
37、re the first men on the Moon. Astronauts enjoy seeing Earth from space (5) _ its so beautiful.sosobecauseJoin the sentences with because, so or so that. Norman Bethune wanted to help people. He became a doctor.Practise 2Norman Bethune wanted to help people, so he became a doctor.1.Lingling thinks Sa
38、llys a hero. Sally gave Kylie a chance to play. Lingling thinks Sallys a hero because she gave Kylie a chance to play. 2. Norman Bethune is a hero in China. He gave his life to helping the Chinese people.Norman Bethune is a hero in China because he gave his life to helping the Chinese people.3. Norm
39、an Bethune trained doctors. They could save lives.4. We respect Norman Bethune. He helped many people.Norman Bethune trained doctors so that they could save lives.We respect Norman Bethune because he helped many people.5. Zhan Tianyou built a railroad. People could travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou
40、.Zhan Tianyou built a railroad so that people could travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou.6. Zhan Tianyou built bridges and tunnels. The railroad could go through the mountains.Zhan Tianyou built bridges and tunnels so that the railroad could go through the mountains.Choose the correct words to complet
41、e the sentences.Practise 41. It was only a reason / an excuse. It wasnt true.2. We like/ look forward to hearing Sally play in the concert next Saturday.3. Shes very brave / strong to play in front of so many people.4. I can guess / imagine how worried she feels.5. Yes, the thought /sound of playing
42、 in public makes me feel ill. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.Norman Bethune was very brave. Hes a(n) (1) _ because he didnt make (2) _ to stay in a safe place and (3) _ danger. His (4) _ werent about his personal safety, but helping others. heroexc
43、usesthoughtsavoidavoid excuse guess imagine look forward to hero stand up thought We can only (5) _ life during the war. He saw terrible things, but we know that his hard work saved many soldiers. Its only a (n) (6) _, but I think Norman Bethune (7) _ the end of the war. When we watched a film about
44、 Norman Bethune, people (8) _ and clapped at the end.imagineguesslooked forward tostood upPractise 6Listen and choose the best answer.1. What did Stan Lee write about? A. Actors in films. B. Brave heroes. C. His own life.2. Who did Stan Lee think were heroes? A. His parents. B. His teachers. C. Film
45、 stars.3. Why did Stan Lee want to write? A. Because his mother was proud of her. B. Because his teacher told great stories. C. Because he read books by famous writers.4. What is Stan Lees advice about writing for children? A. They should read everything. B. They should read only their favourite boo
46、ks. C. They should write like famous writers. TapescriptStan Lee is a writer. He created many of our favourite heroes: Spiderman, the Incredible Hulk and the Silver Surferare just three of them. In his stories, theheroes always win in the end. When he was young, he loved to watch his favouriteactors
47、 in films. He wanted to creat characters like these actors. Stan thought they were heroes because they were brave and didnt worryabout danger. Real people in his lifealso helped Stan. His mother wasalways proud of him, and told him his work was good. His teachertold great stories, and made him lover
48、eading. The books he read, especiallybooks by famous writers like CharlesDickens and Mark Twain, made himwant to write.Children often ask Stan how they canbecome writers. He tells them to read.He says they should read everything, not just their favourite types, or booksby famous writers. He says tha
49、t readingis the best way to learn to write.Practise 7Work in pairs. Ask and answer.1. Do you like to read about heroes? Why / Why not?2. Do you think the heroes should always win in stories? Why / Why not?3. Is it important to learn about real heroes? Why/ Why not?Answer the questions with the corre
50、ct form of the phrases in the box. Practise 8in order to save ones life thousands of look after Why did Norman Bethune go to university?He went to university in order to become a doctor.1. Why did he come to China? Because he wanted to look after the soldiers.2. Why did he perform operations on soldiers? 3. How many people did Norman Bethune help?Because he wanted to save their lives.He helped thousands of people.
八年級英語下Module 9 Heroes Unit 3 Language in use課件外研版
