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1、高中語法綜合高中語法綜合復(fù)習(xí)全解復(fù)習(xí)全解倒裝與省略倒裝與省略 倒裝及省略學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：倒裝及省略學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1.了解在英語中什么情況下出了解在英語中什么情況下出現(xiàn)省略情況；現(xiàn)省略情況；2. 掌握倒裝句的構(gòu)成和用法；掌握倒裝句的構(gòu)成和用法； 3.熟練掌握全部倒裝，部分倒熟練掌握全部倒裝，部分倒裝等句子結(jié)構(gòu)。裝等句子結(jié)構(gòu)。倒裝句倒裝句 Only when _ possible to settle the problem. A. does the chief editor come will it be B. the chief editor comes will it be C. has the chi
2、ef editor come it will be D. the chief editor comes it will be 10/40 英語最基本的語序是主語在前，英語最基本的語序是主語在前，謂語動詞在后。但有時由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)謂語動詞在后。但有時由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要或表示強調(diào)，就要采用倒裝形的需要或表示強調(diào)，就要采用倒裝形式。將謂語動詞完全移到主語之前稱式。將謂語動詞完全移到主語之前稱為完全倒裝，只將助動詞或情態(tài)動詞為完全倒裝，只將助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放到主語之前稱為部分倒裝。強調(diào)性放到主語之前稱為部分倒裝。強調(diào)性倒裝和以倒裝和以so， neither， nor開頭的句開頭的句子是高考例題的熱點。子
3、是高考例題的熱點。倒裝句倒裝句1. 適應(yīng)一定的語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要，主要是適應(yīng)一定的語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要，主要是指疑問句句型結(jié)構(gòu)的需要。指疑問句句型結(jié)構(gòu)的需要。 e.g. May I come in？ Was the Peoples Liberation Army founded in 1927？一、倒裝句的意義一、倒裝句的意義2. 為了強調(diào)某一部分，而把這部分放到為了強調(diào)某一部分，而把這部分放到句首，構(gòu)成倒裝。句首，構(gòu)成倒裝。 e.g. Never have I been late for school this term. So early did he come to school that no
4、other students came.完全倒裝的應(yīng)用情況完全倒裝的應(yīng)用情況(不借助動詞不借助動詞)二、知識點講述二、知識點講述1.為了使某種情境表達的生動形象，常把為了使某種情境表達的生動形象，常把 above, away, back, below, down, in, off, out, up等方位副詞置于句首，以示強調(diào)等方位副詞置于句首，以示強調(diào)和引起注意需倒裝，常與和引起注意需倒裝，常與come, go, fall, rush 等動詞連用。等動詞連用。 倒裝方法：副詞倒裝方法：副詞+謂語謂語+主語主語Down drops the meat into the foxs mouth.Awa
5、y went the naughty boy.Below is a restaurant.In came an old man with a white beard.Off went the horse.Out rushed a cat from under the table.若主語為代詞，主謂不倒裝若主語為代詞，主謂不倒裝In he came and the lesson began.Away they hurried.Out he rushed.2. 以以there, here, now, then, such等簡短副等簡短副詞位于句首時以示強調(diào)和引起注意需倒詞位于句首時以示強調(diào)和引起注
6、意需倒裝，常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的有裝，常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的有be, go, come, exist, follow, remain, lie等不及物動詞。等不及物動詞。 倒裝方法：副詞倒裝方法：副詞+謂語謂語+主語主語 Here is the address of your hotel. Here comes the bus. There goes the bell for break. Now comes your turn. Then opens an epoch of social revolution.Then came the order to take off.Such was Albert Ein
7、stein, a simple but great scientist.若主語為代詞，主謂不倒裝。若主語為代詞，主謂不倒裝。Here you are.Then he left.Here she comes.3. 表地點的介詞短語位于句首，且謂語表地點的介詞短語位于句首，且謂語為不及物動詞，主謂需倒裝。為不及物動詞，主謂需倒裝。倒裝方法：介詞短語倒裝方法：介詞短語+謂語謂語+主語主語At the corner stands a man selling newspapers.Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.At the end of the
8、 valley lies a small lake.Behind the counter he stood.主語為代詞，主謂不倒裝。主語為代詞，主謂不倒裝。4. 表語置于句首，保持句子平衡，以示強表語置于句首，保持句子平衡，以示強調(diào)，或上下文銜接需倒裝。調(diào)，或上下文銜接需倒裝。 倒裝方法：介詞短語倒裝方法：介詞短語 形容詞形容詞 +be +主語主語 分詞分詞 Gone are the days when my heart was young and gay. Outside the doctors clinic were 20 patients.Present at the meeting w
9、ere experts from Europe.Happy are those who are contended.知足常樂。知足常樂。Seated on the ground are a group of young people.Hanging on the wall was a painting by Qi Baishi.Attending the party were 700 students from Beijing universities and colleges.5. 以引導(dǎo)詞以引導(dǎo)詞there引出倒裝句，常用此結(jié)引出倒裝句，常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有構(gòu)的動詞有be, appear,
10、come, exist, happen, lie, live, occur, ought, remain, seem, stand, used等。等。倒裝方法倒裝方法: there+謂語謂語+主語主語There are many students in our school.There appears (to be) a man in black in the distance.There seems little difference between the two words.6. 直接引語的一部分或全部位于句首時，直接引語的一部分或全部位于句首時，主句用不用倒裝均可，但倒裝形式更為主句用
11、不用倒裝均可，但倒裝形式更為常見，常用動詞有常見，常用動詞有say, ask, answer, shout, reply, exclaim等。等。倒裝方法倒裝方法: 直接引語直接引語+謂語謂語+主語主語“God save me!” thought the old man. the old man thought.“Whats your view?” I asked. asked I.“No, Sir, I cant.” replied the boy.“Thats what I mean.” said she.“Im hungry,” she had said.有助動詞有助動詞had故不倒裝。
12、故不倒裝。7. long live構(gòu)成的表示祝愿的祈使句。構(gòu)成的表示祝愿的祈使句。倒裝方法倒裝方法: long live +主語主語+！ may+主語主語+謂語謂語+!Long live world peace!Long live our friendship!May you succeed!May you have a pleasant journey!8. 以以what, how開頭的感嘆句開頭的感嘆句(表語或賓表語或賓語提前語提前)需倒裝需倒裝倒裝方法倒裝方法: 感嘆詞感嘆詞+表語或賓語表語或賓語 +主語主語+ 謂語謂語+！What lovely weather we are havin
13、g lately!(賓語賓語)How blue the sky is!(表語表語)What beautiful flowers they are!(表語表語)What a simple life Einstein lived!(賓語賓語)9. 在在the more, the more結(jié)構(gòu)中需倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中需倒裝 倒裝方法倒裝方法: 通常表、狀、賓語前置通常表、狀、賓語前置+主語主語 +謂語謂語The busier he is, the happier he feels.(表語表語)The less she worried, the better she worked. (狀語狀語)The more
14、 books you read, (賓語賓語) the wider your knowledge is.(表語表語)The more learned he is, the more modest he is. (表語表語)10. no matter + wh -詞或詞或wh -詞詞+ever結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) 中需倒裝。通常是賓中需倒裝。通常是賓表、狀表、狀語前置。語前置。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: 連接詞連接詞+名、形容、副詞名、形容、副詞+主主 語語+謂語謂語 Whatever(= no matter what) decision (賓賓語語) he made, I would support it. H
15、owever (= no matter how) carefully (狀語狀語)I explained, she still didnt understand. Whoever (= no matter who) (表語表語)you are, you cant pass this way.11. 在在as, though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中需引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中需 倒裝。倒裝。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: 副詞副詞/形容詞形容詞/名詞名詞/ed分詞分詞/動動 詞詞+as/though+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) Much as I admire her, I cant excuse= Although I a
16、dmire her her faults. much, Young though she is, she has seen= Although she is young much of the world. Man as he was, he behaved like a = Though he was a man, womanAngry as he was, he managed to speak calmly.Happy as they were, there was something missing.Try though I could, I couldnt change her mi
17、nd.Situated as it is near a market, the house is very quiet. 12. as/soas “盡管盡管”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句需引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句需 倒裝。倒裝。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: as/so+副詞或形容詞副詞或形容詞 +as+主主 謂結(jié)構(gòu)謂結(jié)構(gòu) As/So bad as he is, he has his good = Even though he is bad points.As much as Id like to see you, you cant= Even though Id like to come. see you much. 1
18、. only及所修飾的詞、短語或從句作狀語及所修飾的詞、短語或從句作狀語或賓語位于句首時，需倒裝?；蛸e語位于句首時，需倒裝。倒裝方法倒裝方法: only+副詞副詞/介詞短語介詞短語/狀語從句狀語從句 +助動詞助動詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) Only then(狀語狀語)did I know the importance of learning.Only yesterday(狀語狀語)did I finish the novel.Only him(賓語賓語) did I see yesterday.部分倒裝的應(yīng)用情況部分倒裝的應(yīng)用情況(需借助助動詞需借助助動詞)Only by discovering
19、what we do best(狀狀語語)can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.Only when he lost health(狀語狀語) did he know its value.Only 位于句首修飾主語不倒裝位于句首修飾主語不倒裝Only socialism(主語主語)can save China.Only those he knew well(主語主語)could be let in.2. never, seldom, little, few, barely, hardlywhen, scarcely,
20、 rarely, no longer, no more, no soonerthan等否定詞語位于等否定詞語位于句首時需倒裝。句首時需倒裝。倒裝方法倒裝方法: 否定詞語否定詞語+助動詞助動詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) Never have I heard or seen such a thing.Seldom have I seen him so upset.Little did he know that the police were after him.Barely does he have enough money to live on.Hardly had we finished our wo
21、rk when the bell rang.No sooner had he gone out than it began to rain.No longer/No more are they staying with us.3. not構(gòu)成的短語位于句首作狀語或賓語構(gòu)成的短語位于句首作狀語或賓語時需倒裝。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的短語有時需倒裝。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的短語有not a word, not a moment, not a bit, in vain(無無用用), not once or twice(許多次許多次)，not only merelybut also, not by any means=not
22、 in any way degree=not on any account =not on ones life(決不決不), not in the least slightest 毫不，毫不，not until倒裝方法倒裝方法: not構(gòu)成的短語構(gòu)成的短語+助動詞助動詞+主主 謂結(jié)構(gòu)謂結(jié)構(gòu) Not a single mistake did he make.Not a moment did she waste.Not only did I know her, but I was her best friend.Not once has he failed to fulfill his task.
23、Not until he went abroad did he know the truth.uNot until then did he realize his own fault.= Until then he didnt realize his own fault. (不倒裝不倒裝)= It was not until then that he realized his own fault. (不倒裝不倒裝)= He didnt realize his own fault until then. (不倒裝不倒裝)Not until yesterday did I learn anythi
24、ng about it.Not only is the book interesting but also instructive.uNot a word (作主語不倒裝作主語不倒裝) was said.uNot only you but also I (連接并列主語連接并列主語不倒裝不倒裝)will attend the conference.4. no構(gòu)成的固定短語在句首作狀語需倒裝。構(gòu)成的固定短語在句首作狀語需倒裝。如如by no means rate, degree, possibility, way, accident決不，決不， at no rate, time, point, p
25、eriod決不，決不，in no case way, circumstances, form, respects, sense, condition, instances, sense, shape決不，決不，on no consideration condition, occasion, account, terms決不，決不，under no occasion account, consideration, circumstances, term (s)決不，決不，in no time立馬立馬倒裝方法倒裝方法: no短語短語+助動詞助動詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) In no time will
26、you be all right.By no means shall we give up.Under no circumstances should you lend him money.Under no excuses must you quarrel.uNo student (否定主語不倒裝否定主語不倒裝) is allowed to enter the office.uNo one (否定主語不倒裝否定主語不倒裝) can solve the problem.5. no構(gòu)成的合成代詞或副詞位于句首作構(gòu)成的合成代詞或副詞位于句首作狀語或賓語需倒裝，如狀語或賓語需倒裝，如nobody, n
27、othing, nowhere等。等。倒裝方法倒裝方法: no合成詞合成詞+助動詞助動詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) Nothing (賓語賓語)would the little boy learn in class.Nowhere (狀語狀語)will you find better roses than these.Nobody (狀語狀語)did I see there.Nowhere (狀語狀語)was the missing boy to be found.uNobody (作主語不倒裝作主語不倒裝)knows that secret.uNothing (作主語不倒裝作主語不倒裝)can ma
28、ke me turn against my country.6. sothat中的中的so和和suchthat中的中的such 位于句首時需倒裝。位于句首時需倒裝。uto such a degree = to such an extent, to such lengths等介詞短語位于句首也用倒裝。等介詞短語位于句首也用倒裝。倒裝方法倒裝方法: so+強調(diào)成分強調(diào)成分+助動詞助動詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)such+強調(diào)成分強調(diào)成分+助動詞助動詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)to such+強調(diào)成分強調(diào)成分+助動詞助動詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)So busy is he that he cant attend the
29、= He is so busy that concert.Such a fine day is it that wed like to play = It is such a fine day that outside.He speaks so fast that I cant follow = So fast does he speak that him.He spoke so fast that I couldnt = So fast did he speak that follow him.To such lengths did he speak that everyone got bo
30、red.7. 在含有在含有were, had, should的的if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句中，需省略中，需省略if, 把把were, had, should移至主移至主語前。語前。倒裝方法倒裝方法: 助動詞助動詞+主語主語+(謂語謂語)Were I you, I would help you. = If I were you, Had you come earlier, you would have= If you had come earlier, met him.Should it rain, the crops would be = If it should rain, saved.8.
31、neither, nor, no more位于后一分句句首需位于后一分句句首需倒裝，倒裝，“也不也不”(用于否定句用于否定句)倒裝方法倒裝方法: neither/nor/no more+助動詞助動詞+主語主語He hasnt been and neitherto Beijing, and nor have I. and no moreHe didnt see the film, neither did she.I dont enjoy singing, nor do I like computers.He cant operate the recorder. No more can I.9.
32、so位于后一分句句首，需倒裝，位于后一分句句首，需倒裝，“也也 一樣一樣”(用于肯定句用于肯定句)。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: so+助動詞助動詞+主語主語She respected me and so did I her.Tom will go there next summer and so shall I.He likes volleyball very much. So do I.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.10. so+助動詞助動詞+主語主語; 主語主語+助動詞助動詞+so so+主語主語+助動詞助動詞倒裝方法倒裝方法: 1.倒裝倒裝(指兩人事指兩
33、人事)；2.(賓語照賓語照 主語要求做主語要求做)； 3.(指一人事指一人事)She is a teacher. So is her mother.(媽媽也是教師媽媽也是教師)She wants him to be a teacher. He does so.(這樣做了這樣做了)You say she is a teacher. So she is.(確實如此確實如此)11. not only merely, alone, simply(but) also “不但不但而且而且”連接兩個并列分句連接兩個并列分句時需倒裝。時需倒裝。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: 前一分句倒裝，后一分句不前一分句倒裝，后一分
34、句不倒裝倒裝 Not simply is this book interesting but also instructive. Not only did we lose our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. Not only was the coat soft, it was also warm.Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment.注意注意not onlybut also連接并列時主語連接并列時主語不倒
35、裝。不倒裝。Not only you but also I will attend the meeting.Not only he but also she likes English.12. So it is (the same) with也是如此也是如此 倒裝方法倒裝方法: 1. 用于并列句中主語不一致用于并列句中主語不一致時；時態(tài)不一致；一為肯定句，一為否時；時態(tài)不一致；一為肯定句，一為否定句時；定句時；2. 用于強調(diào)情況時用于強調(diào)情況時 In the past I was a student, but now I am a teacher. So it is (the same) wi
36、th my brother.- I like swimming but I dont want to swim today.- so it is (the same) with me.- I dont like classical music, but I enjoy pop songs.- So it is (the same) with me. In order to pay off the debts, Mathilde worked hard day and night for ten years. So it was (the same) with her husband. Man
37、cant live without air or water. So it is (the same) with animals.13. neither.nor “既不既不也不也不”當(dāng)連接兩當(dāng)連接兩個并列分句時需倒裝。連接并列賓語和個并列分句時需倒裝。連接并列賓語和狀語也需倒裝。狀語也需倒裝。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: 前后兩個分句都倒裝。前后兩個分句都倒裝。 Neither did they write nor did they telephone. Neither is he wrong nor are you. Neither could theory do without practice,
38、 nor could practice do without theory.Neither French nor German do (并列并列賓語賓語) I know.Neither on Saturday nor on Sunday (并列狀語并列狀語) do we have lessons.uNeither you nor I (連接并列主語不連接并列主語不倒裝倒裝)like this book.14. 無引導(dǎo)詞的讓步狀語從句倒裝需用動無引導(dǎo)詞的讓步狀語從句倒裝需用動詞原形進行倒裝。詞原形進行倒裝。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: 1. be+主語主語+or連接的兩個表語連接的兩個表語 2. be+
39、主語主語+ever=so+形容詞形容詞 3. 動詞原形動詞原形+or連接的兩個主語連接的兩個主語 4. 動詞原形動詞原形+疑問詞疑問詞+主語主語+may/will 5. 動詞原形動詞原形+or+動詞原形動詞原形Be he sick or well, he works = Whether he is sick or well, entirely hard.Be I a worker or teacher, I will do = Whether I am a worker best or a teacher, Be a child ever so clever, he can gain= How
40、ever clever a nothing child is, without learning.Be the rain ever so heavy, I must go to =However heavy the rain is, see you today.Come wind or rain, we will go = Whether wind or there today. rain comes, The parade will rain or shine. start promptly, whether rain or shine comes.I shall have to cost
41、what it may.buy the coat, no matter what it may cost. Say what you will, I wont change =Whatever you will say, my mind.Rain or shine, we shall go on= Whether it rain or shine with our work.Succeed or fail, it wont= Whether I succeed or fail, matter to me.15. 在比較狀語從句中因主語較長，或帶在比較狀語從句中因主語較長，或帶有較長的修飾語時可
42、采用倒裝，但也可有較長的修飾語時可采用倒裝，但也可不用。不用。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: as+形容詞形容詞+as+助動詞比較級助動詞比較級 +than+助動詞助動詞+主語主語 did the person who1) he ran as fast as came from England. = the person who came from England did. than did our2) American consumed country. more energy =than our country did. does anyone else3) She works as hard as
43、 in the family. =anyone else in the family does.16. (just) as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句中，可采引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句中，可采用倒裝，也可不用。用倒裝，也可不用。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: (just) as+助動詞助動詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) as did other hunters, had1) My uncle, a dog team. = as other hunters did, had a dog team. as were most of 2) He was honest and his classmates. diligent, =as m
44、ost of his classmates were. as has our way3) Our eating habits of life. have changed, =as our way of life has.17. 頻率副詞或短語位于句首可采用部分頻率副詞或短語位于句首可采用部分倒裝，也可不用。倒裝，也可不用。 倒裝方法倒裝方法: 頻率副詞或短語頻率副詞或短語+助動詞助動詞+主主謂結(jié)構(gòu)謂結(jié)構(gòu)Often have I warned him not to go = Often I have warned swimming alone.Many a time has he helped
45、me with my=Many a time he has helped experiment.Long did we wait, before we heard from= Long we waited him. Twice within my lifetime have World Wars taken place.=Twice within my lifetime World Wars have taken place.倒裝句在高考中的考查重點：倒裝句在高考中的考查重點：1.部分倒裝；部分倒裝；2.完全倒裝完全倒裝3.常考的幾個重要句型：?？嫉膸讉€重要句型：So + be/情態(tài)情態(tài)/助動
46、詞助動詞+主語主語Neither + be/情態(tài)情態(tài)/助動詞助動詞+主語主語So + adj/adv + that Neither , nor Not only , but also Not until 省略句省略句 - I won t do it any more. - _? A.Why don t B. Why don t do it any more C. Why not D. Why not to 為了使句子前方的句意更加緊密或為為了使句子前方的句意更加緊密或為了避免重復(fù)，而將前面或后面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了避免重復(fù)，而將前面或后面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過的詞語省略，或因習(xí)慣上的用法而省過的詞語省略，或因習(xí)慣上
47、的用法而省略部分詞語，所形成的句子叫省略句。略部分詞語，所形成的句子叫省略句。 使用省略應(yīng)明確省略的原則和范圍，使用省略應(yīng)明確省略的原則和范圍，被省略的成分或詞語通常是不言而喻的被省略的成分或詞語通常是不言而喻的或是構(gòu)成完整的語法結(jié)構(gòu)所必須的，正或是構(gòu)成完整的語法結(jié)構(gòu)所必須的，正確運用不僅無損于句子的完整，而且能確運用不僅無損于句子的完整，而且能使句子簡潔明了。使句子簡潔明了。 省略句省略句1.do, does, did 等可代替動詞以避免重復(fù)。等可代替動詞以避免重復(fù)。 She speaks English better than he does (= speaks English).- Di
48、d you read this novel?- Yes, I did (= read this novel).- Shall I invite Tom to the party?- Yes, it will be nice if you do (= invite Tom to the party).2. 用用so和和not代替代詞以避免重復(fù)。代替代詞以避免重復(fù)。so = 一一個單詞，短語或句子，個單詞，短語或句子，not = 一個含有否一個含有否定意義的句子。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有定意義的句子。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有hope, think, be afraid, tell, believe, fear
49、, expect, suppose, guess, imagine等。等。- Will the patient recover?- I am afraid so. / I am afraid not. 但不說但不說I am not afraid so.- Will it be late?- I expect so. - I expect not = I dont expect so.- Will it be fine tomorrow?- Yes, I hope so.- No, I hope not.但不說但不說I dont hope so. 3. to代替不定式以免重復(fù)。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的代替不
50、定式以免重復(fù)。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有動詞有refuse, want, seem, mean, intend, expect, hope, fear, fail, wish等。等。I couldnt find him, though I wanted to (find him).- Would you like to come to the party?- Id love to (come to the party).I meant to write to you, but forgot to (write to you).4. 在不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中，若不定式含有在不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中，若不定式含有be, hav
51、e, have been時，通常保留時，通常保留be, have或或have been，而把其余部分省略。，而把其余部分省略。He hasnt finished yet.他還沒有完成呢。他還沒有完成呢。Well, he ought to have.哦，但是他該結(jié)束了。哦，但是他該結(jié)束了。5. 動詞不定式省略時何時保留動詞不定式省略時何時保留“to”be + adj. 如：如：glad, happy, pleased, anxious, willing, ready等詞后保留等詞后保留“to”love, like, mean, hope, advise, expect, want, persua
52、de, seem等詞后保留等詞后保留“to”have, need, ought, be able, be going, used等詞后保留等詞后保留“to”ask, tell, advise, persuade, wish, permit, allow sb to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)中保留結(jié)構(gòu)中保留“to”不定式的否定式后保留不定式的否定式后保留“to”不定式的完成式后保留不定式的完成式后保留“to have”used to be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的結(jié)構(gòu)中的be不能省略不能省略- Will you join us in a talk?- Yes, Ill be glad to.- Would you l
53、ike some bananas?- Yes, Id love to.You can study any subject you want to.I didnt want to go there, but I had to.We should do everything that we ought to.We get on pretty well. Better than we used to.Dont touch anything unless your teacher tells you to.- Did you want to give a talk on this subject?-
54、I prefer not to.China is no longer what it used to be.- You ought to have finished your work.- I know I ought to have.I saw him riding his bike in the park and I told him not to.I asked them to stay till the next day, but they refused to.6. 有時為了避免重復(fù)或使語言簡潔、重點有時為了避免重復(fù)或使語言簡潔、重點突出等，在不損害句子結(jié)構(gòu)或引起歧義突出等，在不損害
55、句子結(jié)構(gòu)或引起歧義的前提下可以省略句子中的功能詞，如的前提下可以省略句子中的功能詞，如冠詞、介詞、連詞等；省略句子的某些冠詞、介詞、連詞等；省略句子的某些成分，如主語、謂語或謂語的一部分、成分，如主語、謂語或謂語的一部分、表語、定語、狀語等。表語、定語、狀語等。He spoke in a loud voice so (that) we could hear him clearly. (省略連詞省略連詞)他大聲說以便我們能聽清他的話。他大聲說以便我們能聽清他的話。(You) Had a good time, didnt you? 過的不錯，是吧？過的不錯，是吧？(省略主語省略主語)Well do
56、 the best we can (do).我們會盡最大努力。我們會盡最大努力。(省略謂語中的主要動詞省略謂語中的主要動詞)7. “主語主語+be動詞動詞”在口語中經(jīng)常省略。在口語中經(jīng)常省略。 He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something. 他四處打量，好像在找什么東西。他四處打量，好像在找什么東西。 (Its) Too bad. We dont have time. 太糟了，我們沒時間了。太糟了，我們沒時間了。8.在口語中，特別是在簡潔的回答中，經(jīng)在口語中，特別是在簡潔的回答中，經(jīng)常為了突出答案，有時只保留重點內(nèi)容常為了
57、突出答案，有時只保留重點內(nèi)容或只保留主語和助動詞?；蛑槐Ａ糁髡Z和助動詞。 - Have you finished your work? 你完成作業(yè)了嗎？你完成作業(yè)了嗎？ - Yes, I have (finished my work). 是的，完成了。是的，完成了。9.虛擬條件句的從句部分含有虛擬條件句的從句部分含有were, should或或had時，可省略時，可省略if, 再把再把were, should或或had移到從句的句首，實行倒裝。移到從句的句首，實行倒裝。 Were they here now, they could help us.= If they were here now
58、, they could help us. 他們現(xiàn)在在的話，就會幫助我們了。他們現(xiàn)在在的話，就會幫助我們了。Had you come earlier, you would have met him.= If you had come earlier, you would have met him.你來的早一點，就碰到他了。你來的早一點，就碰到他了。Should it rain, the crops would be saved.= If it should rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，莊稼就有救了。假如下雨，莊稼就有救了。省略在高考中的考查重點：省略
59、在高考中的考查重點：1.主語的省略；主語的省略；2.謂語或謂語的一部分的省略；謂語或謂語的一部分的省略；3.賓語的省略；賓語的省略；4.不定式的省略；不定式的省略；5.賓語從句和狀語從句中的省略；賓語從句和狀語從句中的省略；6.虛擬條件句中虛擬條件句中if的省略。的省略。Individual activity注注: : 另附另附 word word 文檔。文檔。點擊此處鏈接點擊此處鏈接. 1. Never in my wildest dreams _ these people are living in such poor conditions. A. I could imagine B. c
60、ould I imagine C. I couldnt imagine D. couldnt imagine2. - I reminded you not to forget the appointment. - _. A. So you did B. So I do not C. So did you D. So do I I. 單項選擇。單項選擇。. 3. At the foot of the mountain _. A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village4. Only then
61、 _ how much damage had been caused. A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize5. - Were you caught in the rain yesterday? - Good luck. No sooner _ home than it poured down. A. I had reached B. had I reached C. did I reach D. I have reached6. No sooner _ to sleep than
62、the telephone rang once more. A. she went B. she had gone C. did she go D. had she gone7. Although _ to stop, he kept on working. A. tell B. telling C. having told D. told 8. - Will you waste your time and money on that? - Certainly _. A. I not B. don t C. not D. no 高考連接高考連接1. Try _ she might, Sue c
63、ouldnt get the door open. 2011全國卷全國卷I A. if B. when C. sine D. as【解析解析】as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，應(yīng)將引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，應(yīng)將狀語、表語甚至謂語提前構(gòu)成形式上的狀語、表語甚至謂語提前構(gòu)成形式上的倒裝。題目前半句說，她試過；后半句倒裝。題目前半句說，她試過；后半句說說Sue不能打開門，明顯前后兩句意思相不能打開門，明顯前后兩句意思相反。反。As表示雖然，盡管。表示雖然，盡管。2. Only when he reached the tea-house _ it was the same place hed been in last
64、 year. 2011全國卷全國卷I A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize【解析解析】Only引導(dǎo)的狀語從句位于句引導(dǎo)的狀語從句位于句首，應(yīng)把主句中動詞的助動詞提前構(gòu)首，應(yīng)把主句中動詞的助動詞提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。成部分倒裝。3. Its nice. Never before _ such a special drink! Im glad you like it. 2011福建福建 A.I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I【解析解析】never是否定副詞，置
65、于句首，是否定副詞，置于句首，句子要部分倒裝；由語意可知說話人句子要部分倒裝；由語意可知說話人以前從未喝過這樣特別的飲料，應(yīng)該以前從未喝過這樣特別的飲料，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選C項。項?！窘馕鼋馕觥縊nly引導(dǎo)狀語從句前置，主句引導(dǎo)狀語從句前置，主句主謂要部分倒裝。又因為從前文中的主謂要部分倒裝。又因為從前文中的had discussed判斷出是過去時間，故判斷出是過去時間，故選選B；句意：只有在他們討論這個問題好；句意：只有在他們討論這個問題好幾個小時之后他們才作出決定。幾個小時之后他們才作出決定。4. Only after they had discussed the m
66、atter for a few hours _ a decision. 2011湖南卷湖南卷 A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do they reach5. Is everyone here? Not yetLook , there _ the rest of our guests! 2010江蘇江蘇 A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming解析解析謂語動詞根據(jù)后面的主語謂語動詞根據(jù)后面的主語6. We laugh at jokes, but seldom _ about how they work. 2010四川四川 A. we think B. think we C. we do think D. do we think 解析解析seldom為否定副詞放句首為否定副詞放句首, 用用部分倒裝部分倒裝, 故選故選D。句意為。句意為 “我們因笑我們因笑話而笑話而笑, 但很少去思考笑話怎樣讓我們但很少去思考笑話怎樣讓我們笑。笑?！?. Not until he left hi
甘肅省蘭州新區(qū)舟曲中學(xué)高考英語語法復(fù)習(xí) 倒裝及省略課件
