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1、第一講記敘文記敘文是高考完形填空題的常用體裁，作者通過(guò)敘述的方式表達(dá)對(duì)某一特定人物的情感或評(píng)價(jià)。(2013湖北卷)Zigfried，a little mouse，blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.Still nobody came.Maybe today，he thought_31_.It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle (奇跡)真題示例This
2、farmhouse had been 32 too long.It needed a family.Zigfrieds 33 made a noise.He realized that he hadnt eaten anything since yesterday.He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿)，grabbed a 34 from his home，and went next door to Farmer Mikes.Farmer Mikes house had been a great place for the little mouse 35 the
3、farmer married a wife who had a cat.Zigfried 36 when he thought of it.He looked around cautiously as he 37 into the room where grain was stored and was quite 38 as he filled his bag with wheat.He was turning to leave when suddenly he 39 a hot breath about his ear.His heart beat 40 ，and without think
4、ing he started to run and luckily 41 the cats paws (爪子)Zigfrieds Christmas miracle did arrive!The house came 45 the next few days.Zigfried 46 every single hour of them. 47 ，the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a 48 smile at the door of his home，he heard the 49 of the chil
5、dren of the family about what they might get for Christmas.What？A cat？The 50 froze on his face；his mouth fell wide open.After a long while，he at last found his voice：“Hey！Whose Christmas miracle is this？”31A.carefullyBexcitedly ChopefullyDproudly32A.shabby Bnoisy Cmessy Dempty33A.mouth Bnose Cstomac
6、h Dthroat34A.bag Bstick Cbowl Dcoat35A.although Buntil Cwhereas Dunless36A.leapt Bsniffed Ctrembled Dwithdrew37A.broke Bmarched Cpaced Dstole38A.curious Bnervous Cpitiful Dsensible39A.took Breleased Cfelt Ddrew40A.strongly Birregularly Cslowly Dwildly41A.escaped Bseized Crubbed Dscratched42A.close B
7、happy Cnew Dyoung43A.celebrate Bcommunicate Ccompete Dcompromise44A.across Bfrom Coff Dup45A.alive Bloose Copen Dstill46A.counted Benjoyed Cmissed Dwasted47A.However BInstead CMoreover DTherefore48A.bitter Bforced Cpolite Dsatisfied49A.introduction Bdiscussion Ccomment Ddebate50A.blood Bsmile Ctear
8、Dsweat 1記敘文一般都有較為完整的六個(gè)要素，即時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件(經(jīng)過(guò))、原因、結(jié)果。2記敘文敘事方式有所不同，有的記敘文按照時(shí)間順序敘述，最后點(diǎn)破故事的結(jié)局，有的記敘文采取倒敘的手法，先點(diǎn)明故事的結(jié)局和影響，然后再敘述故事的發(fā)生和發(fā)展。3記敘文往往有較強(qiáng)的故事趣味性，有情節(jié)跌宕起伏和情感細(xì)膩?zhàn)兓忍攸c(diǎn)，信息量很大。作者在敘述過(guò)程中往往會(huì)融入人物語(yǔ)言、行為、心理的描寫，這在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的難度。文本特點(diǎn)一、4個(gè)應(yīng)試策略1理清文章所用人稱本文以第三人稱“Zigfried”，一只小老鼠的角度進(jìn)行敘述，讀者可從字里行間感受到作者的態(tài)度和情感。2了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)形式本文按時(shí)間先后順
9、序安排情節(jié)和內(nèi)容，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是條理清楚、層次分明。但是在有些記敘文中作者可能會(huì)采用插敘甚至倒敘的寫作手法。技法應(yīng)用3知曉記敘文六大要素這篇文章的六個(gè)要素為：事件：小老鼠過(guò)圣誕節(jié)；人物：Zigfried；時(shí)間：a few days before Christmas；地點(diǎn)：the farmhouse；原因：饑腸轆轆的小老鼠在圣誕節(jié)前覓食無(wú)果，但它沒有放棄希望，等待著奇跡的出現(xiàn)；結(jié)果：Zigfried過(guò)上了富足的生活，但是好景不長(zhǎng)，圣誕節(jié)這家的孩子會(huì)有一只貓作伴。4明確作者寫作目的就事論事肯定不是記敘的目的，而是通過(guò)敘述闡明一個(gè)道理。這篇文章的寫作目的在文章的結(jié)尾處，“Whose Christmas m
10、iracle is this？告訴大家一個(gè)幽默故事”。二、3個(gè)解題步驟第一步：速讀全文，理清主線，把握主旨本文的主線：小老鼠Zigfried住在空蕩蕩的農(nóng)舍，沒吃沒喝圣誕節(jié)快到了，新主人的到來(lái)，Zigfried過(guò)上了富足的生活好景不長(zhǎng)，孩子有貓陪伴。第二步：逐句推敲，瞻前顧后，順藤摸瓜(1)逐句推敲，理清聯(lián)系，找出主題句本句主題句：It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle(奇跡)(2)瞻前顧后，鎖定信息詞，比對(duì)選項(xiàng)文中第一段的信息詞為：miracle。(3)順藤摸瓜，敲定答案由第一段所提供
11、的信息詞可知31空答案，圣誕節(jié)快到了，它滿懷希望地想，或許今天有人來(lái)。 第三步：通讀全文，統(tǒng)籌兼顧，重點(diǎn)擊破帶著已選答案，迅速通讀全文，著眼一個(gè)“通”字，保證語(yǔ)義通順，邏輯順暢，符合作者情感歷程軌跡；否則，不通則變，重點(diǎn)擊破，重新考慮所選選項(xiàng)。語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇幽默詼諧的小故事。小老鼠Zigfried住在一座空蕩蕩的農(nóng)舍，沒吃沒喝。圣誕節(jié)快到了，這座房子搬來(lái)了新主人，Zigfried過(guò)上了富足的生活?？上Ш镁安婚L(zhǎng)，圣誕節(jié)這家的孩子就會(huì)有一只貓陪伴他們了。那么，Zigfried這個(gè)圣誕節(jié)會(huì)過(guò)得怎么樣呢？31解析：從語(yǔ)境的敘述看，這只小老鼠在窗戶上哈氣，然后把窗戶擦亮，它滿懷希望地想，或許今天會(huì)有人
12、來(lái)。這里用hopefully指它的一種心情。其中關(guān)鍵詞maybe(或許，有可能)說(shuō)明對(duì)奇跡是否在今天出現(xiàn)不能十分肯定，只是“有希望”。B項(xiàng)excitedly(激動(dòng)地，興奮地)在這里描述小老鼠的心情是不合適的。答案：C32解析：下文說(shuō)“這座農(nóng)舍需要有一家人住下”，由此可知這里表示這座農(nóng)舍空蕩蕩的，沒有人住，因此選D項(xiàng)。答案：D33解析：下文說(shuō)它意識(shí)到自己從昨天起就沒有吃東西了，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，餓的時(shí)候是“肚子”叫，而不是“嘴巴”“鼻子”或者“喉嚨”，因此選C項(xiàng)。答案：C34解析：下文第三段第38空所在句說(shuō)它把口袋裝滿了小麥，這是很重要的提示，因此選A，它從自己的窩里拿起一個(gè)袋子就跑到隔壁的農(nóng)民邁克
13、家去了。答案：A35解析：從語(yǔ)境的連貫性判斷選B，用until表示“直到”：邁克家一直是這只小老鼠的天堂，直到邁克娶了妻子，而他的妻子帶來(lái)了一只貓。貓是老鼠的天敵，貓來(lái)了對(duì)老鼠來(lái)說(shuō)并不是一件好事，也就是說(shuō)老鼠的好日子到頭了。答案：B36解析：leap跳躍；sniff聞，嗅；tremble顫抖，發(fā)抖；withdraw撤退。老鼠害怕貓是常識(shí)。句意為：一想到他家的那只貓，Zigfride就(害怕得)渾身發(fā)抖。答案：C37解析：這里用steal(into)描述小老鼠小心翼翼的神態(tài)和動(dòng)作：它一邊謹(jǐn)慎地向四周看，一邊躡手躡腳地溜進(jìn)存放谷物的房間。其中cautiously(小心翼翼地)是解題的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。答案：
14、D38解析：前面提到，因?yàn)楹ε履侵回?，它很小心，因此在往袋子里裝糧食的時(shí)候“很緊張”。nervous形象地描述了老鼠當(dāng)時(shí)害怕的心理。答案：B39解析：就在老鼠轉(zhuǎn)身準(zhǔn)備離開的時(shí)候，它感覺到耳旁有呼出的熱氣。這里用feel表示“感覺”到外來(lái)的呼吸。答案：C40解析：老鼠知道形勢(shì)不妙，貓來(lái)了，就在它旁邊，面對(duì)危機(jī)，老鼠的心怦怦亂跳，因此選D。ones heart beat wildly心怦怦亂跳。答案：D41解析：老鼠趕緊逃竄，幸運(yùn)地躲過(guò)了那只貓的抓捕。其中，luckily是解題的提示。答案：A42解析：上文提到，這座農(nóng)舍很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間空蕩蕩的，沒有人居住，既然是要搬來(lái)人家，那么應(yīng)該選C表示“新來(lái)的”，而
15、不是“密切的”“快樂的”“年輕的”。答案：C43解析：文章提到圣誕節(jié)，那么應(yīng)該是celebrate慶祝，因此選A項(xiàng)。語(yǔ)境表示奶奶要來(lái)跟它一起慶祝這個(gè)圣誕節(jié)。答案：A44解析：這里用介詞up描述動(dòng)作由遠(yuǎn)及近的方向，come up the road沿著這條路駛來(lái)。句意為：不久，一輛汽車沿著通向這座房子的路駛來(lái)，載著黃油三明治、奶酪和巧克力。答案：D45解析：這座農(nóng)舍因?yàn)橛腥说陌崛耄辛巳藲?，開始充滿活力，因此選A，表示“有生氣，有活力”。其他各項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。答案：A46解析：句中的them指前面提到的days，有人搬進(jìn)來(lái)了，接下來(lái)的幾天里，房子里面又開始活躍起來(lái)了，Zigfried盡情享受著每時(shí)每
16、刻。用enjoy表示“喜歡，享受”。答案：B47解析：從下文“What？A cat？”可知，孩子們是討論圣誕節(jié)用貓做禮物的信息，老鼠的好日子到頭了，故用轉(zhuǎn)折副詞however，表示“可是，然而”。答案：A48解析：這家原先沒人居住，老鼠總是挨餓，而現(xiàn)在，它在自家門口喝著熱巧克力，當(dāng)然是覺得很滿足了。a satisfied smile滿足的笑容，因此選D。答案：D49解析：這里用discussion指這些孩子七嘴八舌地在討論他們圣誕節(jié)會(huì)得到什么禮物。其他各項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。答案：B50解析：聽說(shuō)這家的孩子圣誕節(jié)就會(huì)有只貓了，老鼠Zigfried臉上原本滿意的笑容一下子僵住了，這里用smile與第48
17、空后的smile呼應(yīng)。答案：BI would always turn to the crossword，but that day it didnt 31 .Id been doing it for 30 odd years，but trying to read this one was like treading through syrup (糖漿)： 32 slow and hard.I thought I must be tired.I said to my assistant.The 33 colleague contacted my wife，Beth，and she drove me
18、 straight to hospital.There，confirmation came that Id had a stroke in the part of my brain that is in 34 of communication.I was now in a condition that means its difficult or 35 to receive and produce language.It was the only time I 36 .I was back home a week later，and my goal was to get better and
19、37 work in a couple of months.The way to 38 my language ability was rough.Id look at simple pictures and try to describe them as my mind 39 round and round in the darkness，looking for words.As the months passed，it became 40 that I wasnt going to be able to go back to my old job.For 25 years，I had 41
20、 myself as a publisher.I was used to a busy day of meetings.I enjoyed colleagues and the 42 Id had.I didnt feel ready to say goodbye to my old self.There were times when I felt incredibly 43 .In the darkest months，I devoted myself to 44 .I couldnt manage novels or newspapers， 45 I tried reading poet
21、ry，and found the shorter lines less overwhelming.My speech came back，and I learned how to read again，though much more slowly.I also learned the 46 to keep up.I allowed myself to slow down，and started to enjoy it. 47 ，I rid of my old skin.I grieved the past and started to 48 it.Now,10 years later，I l
22、ook after my grandson a day a week，and my relationship with my family is deeper than ever.If youd asked me 15 years ago to 49 the importance of the things in my life，I might have said work was the most important，but now Im no longer a highachieving publisher.Im a 50 man.語(yǔ)篇解讀作者不幸患病不得不告別心愛的工作，由最初的難以割舍
23、到逐漸妥協(xié)，最終作者接受了現(xiàn)實(shí)。31A.wear offBmake any senseCmake any difference Dpay off解析：根據(jù)31空后面的“but trying to read this one was like treading through sysup(糖漿)”可知，此處應(yīng)選B，make sense表示“易于理解”。答案：B32A.temporarily BscarcelyCincredibly Dnormally解析：根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，此處表示令人難以置信地(incredibly)慢。temporarily暫時(shí)；scarcely簡(jiǎn)直不，勉強(qiáng)；normall
24、y通常，正常情況下。答案：C33A.curious BreservedCannoyed Dkindhearted解析：根據(jù)常識(shí)可知此處表示好心的(kindhearted)同事聯(lián)系了作者的妻子。答案：D34A.favor BchargeCdefence Dneed解析：此處表示大腦的一片區(qū)域控制語(yǔ)言交流，in charge of負(fù)責(zé)，符合語(yǔ)境。in favor of贊成；in defence of保衛(wèi)；in need of需要。答案：B35A.practical BabsurdCimpossible Dinnocent解析：根據(jù)35空前面的“difficult or”可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有impo
25、ssible不可能與之符合，故選C。答案：C36A.prayed BcriedCfailed Dwithdrew解析：根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，此處表示這是作者唯一的一次哭，故選cried。答案：B37A.contribute to Bagree toCreturn to Dappeal to解析：根據(jù)40空后面的“go back to my old job”可知，作者的目標(biāo)是幾個(gè)月以后能回去上班，所以C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C38A.obtaining BrebuildingCrevealing Dacting解析：此處表示作者想要恢復(fù)(rebuilding)自己的語(yǔ)言能力很難。答案：B39A.slipp
26、ed BdoubtedCwandered Dwondered解析：根據(jù)39空后面的“round and round in the darkness”可知，此處應(yīng)選wandered，表示“游蕩”。答案：C40A.messy BflexibleCstraightforward Dobvious解析：很明顯(obvious)作者不能回到原來(lái)的工作崗位了。答案：D41A.informed BestimatedCreflected Ddefined解析：25年來(lái)，作者一直把自己劃定為一個(gè)出版人，define.as.為固定搭配，表示“把劃定為”。答案：D42A.extinction BrewardCawa
27、rd Dstatus解析：根據(jù)42空前面的“I was used to a busy day of meetings”可知，作者享受他曾擁有的地位(status)。答案：D43A.angry BashamedCprejudiced Dmerciless解析：有時(shí)候，作者會(huì)感到極其生氣(angry)。答案：A44A.describing BtryingCwriting Dmanaging解析：根據(jù)45空后面的“tried”可知，此處應(yīng)用trying。答案：B45A.since BuntilCso Das解析：根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“所以”，故用so。答案：C46A.favor Bpatie
28、nceCcoincidence Dcomfort解析：根據(jù)46空后面的“I allowed myself to slow down，and started to enjoy it.”可知，patience耐心，符合語(yǔ)境。答案：B47A.Gradually BHopefullyCNarrowly DAnnually解析：漸漸地(Gradually)，作者拋掉了以前的自己。答案：A48A.keep up with Bcome to terms withCget down to Dlive up to解析：作者緬懷過(guò)去并開始妥協(xié)接受一切。come to terms with表示“接受(令人不快的事情
29、)，適應(yīng)(困難的處境)”。答案：B49A.arrange BcompareCrank Ddeclare解析：如果15年前你讓作者將生命中的事情按重要程度排序，作者也許會(huì)說(shuō)工作是最重要的。rank確定的地位(等級(jí))。答案：C50A.genius BcommunityCdignity Dfamily解析：根據(jù)上文的“and my relationship with my family is deeper than ever”和“but now Im no longer a highachieving publisher”可知，此處應(yīng)用family。答案：DLast night she got 33
30、 in Friday evening rush hour.She was going to be 34 for her date.She was already 35 when things seemed to be getting worse and all the traffic stopped.Elaine drove 36 over to the emergency lane.Soon she saw the red flashing lights in the mirror.She had to 37 her car.A goodlooking officer walked up.“
31、Officer，my boyfriend left me after he got me pregnant.I have constant morning sickness.Im just trying to get to the nearest store to buy my 38 .” She looked at the officer with 39 eyes.He looked at her pitifully，then said 40 ，“Okay，maam.Take the first exit.I hope youll be feeling better.”The officer
32、 walked back to his car and Elaine drove on.This was the second time that 41 had worked for her.She had one more thing to do before she got home.She had to mail a package.When she got to the shopping mall at 7 pm，no parking was 42 ，except for the handicapped space.Elaine drove right into it.She woul
33、d only be a minute，she told 43 .All she had to do was 44 the post office，get the package 45 ，and pay the clerk.Fortunately，there was no 46 in the store.Everything was done so 47 that she was whistling while she walked back out to her car.Then she stopped 48 .There was an envelope on the windshield (
34、擋風(fēng)玻璃)She opened it slowly.She knew 49 it was，bat not how much it was.She screamed when she saw the 50 .A dog started barking.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文主要講述了在晚上回家的途中發(fā)生在女推銷員Elaine身上的事情。31A.dependedBcarriedCtalked Dsold解析：她在開車時(shí)通常打電話、喝蘇打汽水或吃三明治。talk(to sb.)on ones cellphone意為“用手機(jī)(和某人)通話”。答案：C32A.full BopenCfree Dbusy解析：在開車
35、時(shí)她的手、腿和嘴巴總是閑不住。busy忙碌的，符合語(yǔ)境。答案：D33A.stuck BhurtCannoyed Dpunished解析：昨晚她趕上了周五晚上的交通高峰期。get stuck in意為“陷入”。答案：A34A.late BreadyCexcited Dmad解析：她的約會(huì)要遲到了。be late for遲到，符合語(yǔ)境。答案：A35A.satisfied BangryCexhausted Dcalm解析：就在事情似乎變得更糟糕，所有的交通都停止的時(shí)候，她已經(jīng)生氣了。angry生氣的，發(fā)怒的。答案：B36A.reluctantly BimmediatelyCguiltily Dgra
36、tefully解析：Elaine立即(immediately)將車開上應(yīng)急車道。此空與文章第一段第二句中的“quickly”相呼應(yīng)。答案：B37A.stop BstartCdiscard Dspeed解析：她不得不將車停(stop)下。答案：A38A.gas BticketCmedicine Dpackage解析：她說(shuō)她只是想到最近的商店買點(diǎn)兒藥(medicine)。答案：C39A.innocent BaggressiveCaddicted Dproud解析：她用無(wú)辜的(innocent)眼神望著那名警官。答案：A40A.softly BrudelyCstrictly Dskeptically
37、解析：他滿懷同情地看著她，溫和地(softly)說(shuō)：“那行，女士。走第一個(gè)出口吧。我希望你會(huì)好起來(lái)?！贝鸢福篈41A.officer BexcuseCdriver Dmistake解析：這是那個(gè)借口(excuse)第二次奏效了。答案：B42A.adoptable BaccessibleCacceptable Davailable解析：當(dāng)她晚上7點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)購(gòu)物中心的時(shí)候，除了殘疾人專區(qū)外，已沒有可供使用的(available)泊車位。答案：D43A.the clerk Bthe guardCthe worker Dherself解析：她告訴自己，只會(huì)停一分鐘。反身代詞herself在此作told的
38、賓語(yǔ)。答案：D44A.take out Bget outCrun into Dpush into解析：她要做的就是跑進(jìn)(run into)郵局，將包裹稱重(weighed)，并付錢給工作人員。答案：C45A.weighed BprintedCrepaired Dpaid解析：參見上題解析。答案：A46A.car BlineCpolice Dservice解析：幸運(yùn)的是，不需要排隊(duì)。line隊(duì)伍，行列，符合語(yǔ)境。答案：B47A.quickly BslowlyCstrangely Dquietly解析：一切都做得很快(quickly)以至于她往回走向汽車時(shí)竟吹起了口哨。答案：A48A.talking BdrivingCthinking Dwhistling解析：她停止吹口哨(whistling)。答案：D49A.how BwhyCwhat Dthat解析：她知道那是什么(what)，但她不知道是多少。答案：C50A.letter BorderCamount Dinvitation解析：當(dāng)她看到罰單上的金額(amount)時(shí)，她尖叫起來(lái)。答案：C
高考英語(yǔ)大二輪 （直擊考點(diǎn)+把脈高考+突破難點(diǎn)）完形填空 第1講 記敘文專題復(fù)習(xí)課件（含調(diào)研、真題）
