《高考英語(yǔ)大二輪 （直擊考點(diǎn)+把脈高考+突破難點(diǎn)）閱讀理解 第1講 “難解難分”的標(biāo)題歸納題專題復(fù)習(xí)課件（含調(diào)研、真題）》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)大二輪 （直擊考點(diǎn)+把脈高考+突破難點(diǎn)）閱讀理解 第1講 “難解難分”的標(biāo)題歸納題專題復(fù)習(xí)課件（含調(diào)研、真題）（48頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、第一講“難解難分”的標(biāo)題歸納題 標(biāo)題是文章的點(diǎn)睛之筆。標(biāo)題歸納題在英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題中屬于深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，準(zhǔn)確把握文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，標(biāo)題應(yīng)該具有概括性、針對(duì)性、簡(jiǎn)潔性三個(gè)突出特點(diǎn)。其中概括性，是指標(biāo)題應(yīng)最大限度地覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題；針對(duì)性，是指標(biāo)題的含義要直接指向文章的主要內(nèi)容；簡(jiǎn)潔性，則是指標(biāo)題應(yīng)言簡(jiǎn)意賅，能吸引讀者的注意力，并喚起讀者對(duì)文章的閱讀興趣等。 (2013湖北卷)Weve reached a strangesome would say unusualpoint.While fighting world hunger
2、 continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO)，more people now die from being overweight，or say，from being extremely fat，than from being underweight.Its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days.Worse，nearly 18 millio
3、n children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.Whats going on?We really dont have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting throughup to a point.In the 19
4、70s，F(xiàn)inland，for example，had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.Maybe that explains why the percentage of people i
5、n Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005，and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.That has become a sort of fashion.No wonder it ranks as the worlds most bodyconscious country.We know what we should be doing to lose weightbut actually do
6、ing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower.Others blame good food.They say：its just too inviting and it makes them overeat.Still others lay the blame on the Americans，complaining that pounds have piled on thanks
7、to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.Some also blame their parentstheir genes.But unfortunately，the parents are wronged because theyre normal in shape，or rather slim.Its a similar story around the world，although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager to s
8、ee their kids shape up.Do as I saynot as I do.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇議論文。這個(gè)世界真奇怪，一方面，我們?cè)谂c全球性饑餓問(wèn)題作斗爭(zhēng)；另一方面，肥胖成為人類健康的殺手。在有些國(guó)家人們吃減肥藥，或者做手術(shù)去掉多余的脂肪，而且這已成為一種時(shí)尚。真正解決問(wèn)題的辦法是鍛煉，但人們不想動(dòng)，而且難以拒絕美食的誘惑?？磥?lái)解決肥胖問(wèn)題任重道遠(yuǎn)。1What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?AThe good life is a greater risk than the bad life.BStar
9、vation is taking more peoples lives in the world.CWHO report shows peoples unawareness of food safety.DOverweight issue remains unresolved despite WHOs efforts.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段指出一個(gè)奇怪的現(xiàn)象：一方面，世界衛(wèi)生組織的報(bào)告表明應(yīng)對(duì)世界性的饑餓問(wèn)題至關(guān)重要；另一方面，死于肥胖的人增多，由此判斷選A：生活太好帶來(lái)的危害比生活太苦帶來(lái)的危害更多。B項(xiàng)“饑餓使世界上更多的人死去”、C項(xiàng)“世界衛(wèi)生組織的報(bào)告表明人們不關(guān)注食品安全問(wèn)題”、D
10、項(xiàng)“盡管世界衛(wèi)生組織在努力，肥胖問(wèn)題依舊沒(méi)有解決”都不正確。答案：A2Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?AA lot of effective diet pills are available.BBody image has nothing to do with good food.CThey have been made fully aware of its dangers.DThere are too many overweight people in the world.解析
11、：推理判斷題。第三段說(shuō)，從2001年開(kāi)始的公眾健康運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)使肥胖的危害深入人心，以至于在芬蘭，人們吃減肥藥，做脂肪切除手術(shù)；第六段說(shuō)，我們知道要減肥的話我們?cè)撟鍪裁?，但做不做又是另外一個(gè)問(wèn)題了。從這些信息看，作者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在肥胖率居高不下的原因是，人們知道肥胖的危害，但就是不采取措施鍛煉減肥。答案：C3The example of Finland is used to illustrate_.Athe cause of heart diseaseBthe fashion of body shapingCthe effectiveness of a campaignDthe history of a
12、 bodyconscious country解析：推理判斷題。文章在介紹芬蘭的情況時(shí)說(shuō)，在20世紀(jì)70年代，在芬蘭，肥胖引起的心臟病發(fā)病率世界最高，通過(guò)公眾健康運(yùn)動(dòng)，心臟病的死亡率在過(guò)去30年下降了80%。因此作者介紹芬蘭的目的不是為了說(shuō)明心臟病的起因、塑身的時(shí)尚、意識(shí)到身體問(wèn)題的國(guó)家的歷史，而是說(shuō)明這個(gè)國(guó)家掀起的健康運(yùn)動(dòng)的效果：降低了心臟病發(fā)病率。答案：C4Which would be the best title for the passage?AActions or Excuses?BOverweight or Underweight?CWHO in a DilemmaDNo Longe
13、r Dying of Hunger解析：主旨大意題。本文作者圍繞肥胖問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了論述，說(shuō)人們都知道肥胖的危害，卻不愿意積極鍛煉，寧可通過(guò)吃減肥藥或切除脂肪來(lái)減肥，還把肥胖問(wèn)題歸咎于快餐，歸咎于自己的遺傳基因等等，因此本文的題目應(yīng)該是A項(xiàng)：是行動(dòng)起來(lái)，還是繼續(xù)為自己找借口？答案：A1解答標(biāo)題歸納題，三大原則要注意：首先概括要全面，其次標(biāo)題要新穎，最后主題要明確，這樣成功屬于你。2在閱讀文章時(shí)，要注意文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或強(qiáng)調(diào)的信息，尋找與文章主題相關(guān)的信息，找出概括全文的核心詞匯或主題句。例如：真題示例第4題為標(biāo)題歸納題，第六段是關(guān)鍵信息段。我們都知道我們?cè)撟龅氖率菧p肥，但是知易行難，一半多的人承認(rèn)我們
14、缺乏意志力，故用Actions or Excuses？為標(biāo)題。3確認(rèn)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是否符合文章的中心論題，也就是要看選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與作者的寫作目的是否一致。Test 1(2013湖北七市4月聯(lián)考)Forget hard work and perseverance.Getting ahead is as simple as tidying your desk.According to a leading expert，having a cluttered environment reflects a cluttered mind，but the act of tidying up can help you
15、be more successful.The advice comes from Jayne Morris，the resident “l(fā)ife coach” for NHS Online，who said it is no good just moving the mess around.In order to clear the mind，unwanted items must be thrown away to free your “inner world”，she said.Ms Morris，who claims to have coached celebrities to majo
16、r business figures，said：“Clearing clutter from your desk has the power to transform your business.” How？Because clutter in your outer environment is the physical sign of all the clutter going on inside of you.“Clearing clutter has a chain effect across your entire life，including your work.Having an
17、untidy desk covered in clutter could be stopping you achieving the business success you want.” She is sure cleaning up will be helpful even though some of historys biggest achievers lived and worked in messy conditions.Churchill was considered untidy from a boy throughout his life，from his office to
18、 his artists studio，and the lab where Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin was famously untidy.Among the recommendations is that simply tidying a desk at work and an overflowing filing cabinet (陳列柜) will instantly have a positive impact on “your inner world”Anything that is no longer used should
19、not be put into storage but thrown away completely.Keeping something in the loft，garage or other part of the house，does not help because it is still connected to the person “by tiny energetic lines”，Ms Morris claims.She said，“The things in your life that are useful to you，that add value to your life
20、，that serve a current purpose are charged with positive energy that refreshes you and enriches your life.But the things that you dont ever use and dont need anymore have the opposite effect on your energy.Things that no longer fit or serve you，use up your energy.”語(yǔ)篇解讀清理桌柜雜物有助于事業(yè)成功。那些你不再使用也不再需要但依然保留著
21、的東西會(huì)對(duì)你的精力產(chǎn)生反面效果，那些不再適合你或不再為你服務(wù)的東西則會(huì)消耗你的精力。凌亂的環(huán)境反映大腦處于混亂狀態(tài)，清理一下雜物能幫助你獲得更大的成功。1The underlined word “cluttered” (in Paragarph 2) is closest in meaning to_.AmessyBbrief Ccomplex Daggressive解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞后面提到，收拾整理的行為可能會(huì)幫助你更成功，而but表示前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。由此結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，A項(xiàng)符合文意。答案：A2Which of the following statements does Ms Mo
22、rris agree to?AChanging the position of staff frequently will help to build up a clear mind.BA tidy office will lead to a success in your business affairs in no time.CTo have a free mind，we need to throw away unneeded items at times.DYou can pack up your things in garage or loft to cheer you up.解析：細(xì)
23、節(jié)理解題。文章第二段最后一句提到“In order to clear the mind，unwanted items must be thrown away to free your inner world”可知，C項(xiàng)與此相符合。答案：C3According to Ms Morris，an untidy desk probably means that_.Ayou are quite a failureByou are in a messy mindCyou are too tired to deal with itDyou have achieved the business success
24、解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第三句“Because clutter in your outer.clutter going on inside of you.”可知，B項(xiàng)符合題意。答案：B4Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?ALess untidy，more successfulBHow to improve your inner worldCCleaning up makes you less intelligentDBeing bigger achiever needs more effort解
25、析：標(biāo)題概括題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句中的“the act of tidying up can help you be more successful”并結(jié)合下文可知，“Less untidy，more successful”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。答案：ATest 2(2013湖北武漢4月調(diào)研)Police traded gift cards for guns in Los Angeles on Wednesday，in a buyback program Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa announced as a crimefighting response to the
26、 deadly shooting incident in Newtown，Connecticut.Police officers handed out $200 grocery store gift cards to people who turned in an automatic weapon，and $100 gift cards to those who provided a handgun or shotgun.Los Angeles has held an annual gun buyback since 2009，and similar events have been orga
27、nized in years past in several other cities，including Detroit and Boston.Police in San Diego had a buyback earlier this month.Some experts say the buybacks have little effect in reducing gun violence，but Villaraigosa touted the buyback program as one step that can be taken in response to the Sandy H
28、ook Elementary School shooting in Newtown，Connecticut，on December 14 that claimed the lives of 20 children and six adult staff members.Los Angeles normally has its gun buyback in May，but Villaraigosa announced last week that the city would have this special buyback in response to the Newtown tragedy
29、 (悲劇)“There are a number of things we can do.This is just one of them，” Villaraigosa said on CNN.“Weve got to also address the culture of violence that weve got in this country.” At last count，the Los Angeles gun buyback had collected 1,366 firearms，including 477 handguns and 49 assault weapons，said
30、 Vicki Curry，a spokeswoman for the mayor.The buyback ended at 4 pm local time，but a final number of guns collected was not expected to be released before Thursday.In May，the citys annual gun buyback program collected 1,673 firearms at six locations，compared to two locations used for the program on W
31、ednesday，Curry said.At each of the locations where the buyback was held，a line of cars stretched around the block，Curry said.People dropping off their guns were asked to leave them in the trunks of their cars，where officers collected the weapons.While officials in Los Angeles and elsewhere have said
32、 the gun buybacks help keep streets safe，a 2004 report by the National Research Council of the National Academies questioned that conclusion.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。詳細(xì)介紹了洛杉磯警方開(kāi)展回收槍支活動(dòng)的有關(guān)情況。5What is the purpose of this special gun buyback program?ATo distribute gift cards.BTo buy private guns.CTo respond to th
33、e shooting.DTo encourage people to consume.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“.as a crime fighting response to the deadly shooting incident in Newtown，Connecticut.”可知，C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C6The underlined word “touted” (in Para.3) is close in meaning to “_”Apraised Bquitted Cdesigned Daccepted解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“but”一詞可知，Villarai
34、gosa的看法和“some experts”的看法相反。由此可推知，一些專家認(rèn)為槍支回購(gòu)對(duì)減少槍支暴力意義不大，而Villaraigosa卻贊揚(yáng)這種做法。tout應(yīng)與“praise”意思相近。答案：A7Compared with an annual gun buyback，this special one is _.Aabnormal BflexibleCwelcome Ddangerous解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“At each of the locations where the buyback was held，a line of cars stretched around
35、 the block”可知，在每個(gè)回收現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的街區(qū)都排著一列長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的車隊(duì)，說(shuō)明了人們對(duì)這次行動(dòng)表示支持，也就是說(shuō)該行動(dòng)是受歡迎的。答案：C8Which could be the best title for the passage?AA creative gun buyback BTwo different gun buybacksCGuns for Gift Cards DOpposition to gun buyback 解析：標(biāo)題概括題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了洛杉磯警方開(kāi)展了回收槍支活動(dòng)，用購(gòu)物卡來(lái)?yè)Q槍支的有關(guān)情況。答案：CTest 3(2013湖北省武漢市高中畢業(yè)生二月調(diào)研測(cè)試)Mo
36、dern Japan is proud of many technological wonders：robot dogs that run and bark，creative household appliances that make everyday life easier，and computers that make complex problems almost childishly simple.But when it comes to which invention is the best，the Japanese may not be thinking with their h
37、eads or their hearts，but their stomachs.They named instant noodles the best invention of the 20th century.As for lifechanging technology，karaoke came in at No.2.The admittedly nonscientific survey by the Fuji Research Institute attached to Tokyo University asked 2,000 adults in the Tokyo region to r
38、ate the greatest inventions of the 20th century in three categories：manufactured goods，culture and technology.Respondents were asked to take into consideration worldwide acceptance of the various customs and inventions. An astonishing number of 692 placed instant noodles，a Japanese “invention” in 19
39、58，at the top of the list.Instant noodles went into commercial production in 1971，and almost 50 billion cups are now consumed each year worldwide.In 1996，a giant billboard of a steaming cup of noodles was set up above Times Square in New York City，a proud declaration that the place “ramen” has earne
40、d in world cuisine (烹飪)Headphone stereo sets，TV video games，CDs and cameras came in order respectively.They were ranked behind instant noodles and offkey howling.Known as “Poketto Monsters” (“Pocket Monsters”) in Japan，Pikachu and his popular little friends came in at No.8.In view of practicality，au
41、tomobilerelated technology came in at No.9automobiles themselves，invented overseas，were not ranked at all.Sushi，perhaps the original fast food in Japan，rounded out the top list.While the Fuji Institutes survey may not have been the most scientific，it does suggest one thing：technology may rule the wo
42、rld，but at least in Tokyo；it begins and ends with the taste buds (味蕾)語(yǔ)篇解讀日本人引以為豪的發(fā)明很多，然而在他們心目中最偉大的發(fā)明還是與他們的生活息息相關(guān)的方便面。9Instant noodles were considered the best invention of the 20th century in terms of_.Apracticality BacceptanceCtechnology Dcommerce解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“Respondents were asked to take in
43、to consideration worldwide acceptance of the various customs and inventions.”可知，方便面排名第一是從全球的接受程度而言的，故答案為B。答案：B10The underlined part “offkey howling” in Para.3 probably refers to_.APoketto Monsters BautomobilesCPikachu Dkaraoke解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“karaoke came in at No.2”可知卡拉OK排在第二；再結(jié)合第三段的前兩句“Headpho
44、ne stereo sets，TV video games，CDs and cameras came in order respectively.They were ranked behind instant noodles and offkey howling.”可知，offkey howling與karaoke是同一個(gè)事物。答案：D11According to the survey，which was ranked the last on the list of the best inventions?ACameras.BCDs.CSushi.DAutomobilerelated tech
45、nology.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一句“Sushi，perhaps the original fast food in Japan，rounded out the top list.”可知，Sushi是最好的發(fā)明前10名中排名最后的一個(gè)。round out使圓滿，使完整。答案：C12Whats the best title for the passage?ANoodles，the Best InventionBThe Lifechanging TechnologyCJapan，the Powerful CountryDWonders of Japan解析：主旨大意題。第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“They named instant noodles the best invention of the 20th century”是第一段乃至全文的主題句，再結(jié)合文章最后的點(diǎn)題句“it begins and ends with the taste buds (味蕾)”可知，A項(xiàng)最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。答案：A
高考英語(yǔ)大二輪 （直擊考點(diǎn)+把脈高考+突破難點(diǎn)）閱讀理解 第1講 “難解難分”的標(biāo)題歸納題專題復(fù)習(xí)課件（含調(diào)研、真題）
