【人教版】八年級下冊英語：全冊優(yōu)秀導(dǎo)學(xué)案Unit 2 Section A4a4c導(dǎo)學(xué)案

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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 Section A 4a-4c 【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】 1. 知識(shí)技能目標(biāo) 2 掌握并靈活運(yùn)用本課的重點(diǎn)詞匯raise homeless alone 2 重點(diǎn)短語cheer up, put up, come up with, help out, give out, put off, care for 2 語法重點(diǎn)：非謂語動(dòng)詞 （動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、目的狀語）的用法 2. 情感態(tài)度目標(biāo) 2 關(guān)注他人、社會(huì)，利用自己的特長為他人、社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)，投身于社會(huì)公益活動(dòng)，為不幸的人伸出援助之手。 【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】 非謂語動(dòng)詞 （動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語、賓語補(bǔ)

2、足語、目的狀語）的用法 【自主學(xué)習(xí)】 the money signs making plan five primary school sick children some ideas 一 短語搭配 put off call up come up with cheer up put up give out 二 英漢互譯 1. 至少 ______ 2. travel alone ___________ 3. 為……而擔(dān)心/著急 ___________ 4. raise money _______ 5. 掙

3、許多錢 ________ 6. 考慮 ___________ 7. 例如 ___________ 8. 無家可歸的人 __________ 9. stop doing sth. ___________ 10. move to another place ___________ 【合作探究】 一 詞語辨析alone ? lonely 1) lonely adj. (lonelier, loneliest )unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to 孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的 a lonely chil

4、d孤寂的孩子 Sam was very lonely when he first moved to New York. 薩姆剛搬到紐約時(shí)非常寂寞。 She lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。 2) alone, by yourself, 和較非正式、常用于英語口語的 on one's own、by oneself 均指獨(dú)自，但無孤獨(dú)之意： I like being alone in the house. 我喜歡獨(dú)自一人待在家里。 I’m going to London by myself next week. 我

5、準(zhǔn)備下星期一個(gè)人去倫敦。 ? There are many_____ people who just want to talk. 有很多只想找人傾訴的孤獨(dú)的人。 ? They care for the _____, the lost, the unloved. 他們照顧孤獨(dú)的人、失落的人和缺少愛的人。 ? I was ______ but I didn't feel_______ 我獨(dú)自一人，但我并不感到孤獨(dú)。 ? I don't like going out_____ after dark. 我不愿意天黑后獨(dú)自外出。 ? I like to work _____.

6、 我喜歡獨(dú)自一人工作。 二 語法探究 動(dòng)詞不定式 l 動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是“___+_______”,有時(shí)可以不帶to。動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中不能作謂語，沒有____和_____的變化。動(dòng)詞不定式仍保留動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，即可以有自己的______和_____。例如：to put off my plan, to teach kids; to work in an animal hospital, to speak at the meeting. l 動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此在句中可以作主語、______、_____、____________、_______、表語和定語。

7、句法作用 例 句 a. 作賓語 I hope to work outside. I want to travel alone.. b. 作狀語 I feel very lucky to have the dog. They give up several hours to help others c. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語 We each ask ten students to come. Mary helps kids learn to read. a. 不定式作賓語 動(dòng)詞不定式可以用在一些及物動(dòng)詞之后作賓語。 【觀察】 We need to come up

8、 with a plan for the City Park Clean-Up Day. 我們需要為城市公園清潔日相出一個(gè)計(jì)劃。 2 I hope to work outside. 我希望能在外面工作 2 She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 她決定參加一個(gè)課外活動(dòng)小組的志愿者的選拔 【小結(jié)】巧記接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞 三個(gè)希望（hope，wish，expect）兩需要（w ant，need）， 設(shè)法（try）同意（agree ）作準(zhǔn)備（prepare）。 開始（start，

9、begin）計(jì)劃（plan）莫忘記（forget）， 記著（remember）決 定（decide）能學(xué)會(huì)（learn）。 n She _____ ___ borrow my bike yesterday. 昨天她想借我的自行車。 n They began ____ _______ the English song Lonely. 他們開始唱英語歌《寂寞》 b. 動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語 不定式作狀語時(shí)，常表示目的、結(jié)果、原因、條件等，通常放在它所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后。 【觀察】 She still works there once a week to help kids learn to

10、 read. 她仍然在那里每周工作一次來幫助孩子們學(xué)會(huì)閱讀。 They came up with some ideas to cheer up sick children. 他們想出一些辦法使生病的孩子高興起來。? We are working hard to make a better life. 我們努力工作目的是使我們的生活更美好。 ? He stopped ____ ______ a rest. 他停下來休息。 ? We eat____ ______，but not live ____ ______. 我們吃飯是為了生存,但生存不是為了吃飯。 c. 動(dòng)詞不定式作

11、賓語補(bǔ)足語 【觀察】 2 We could each ask 10students to come. 我們每人可以叫10個(gè)學(xué)生來。 2 Mario believe it can help him to get his future dream job. 馬里奧相信這能幫助他找到將來夢寐以求的工作。 【小結(jié)】不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，賓語與不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，賓語是不定式的邏輯主語。 常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的有advise/ ask /want/tell/ allow/ encourage/ invite/ would like/ expect/ need/ wish sb. to do sth.

12、 ? I like you___ _____ everything tidy. 我喜歡你們使每件東西都保持整潔。 ? Mother asked him ___ ____ ____TV. 媽媽叫他把電視機(jī)關(guān)掉。 【觀察】 2 I see the animals get better. 2 Let me tell you my story. 讓我來告訴你我的故事吧。 2 She made the boy go to bed early. 她讓那個(gè)男孩早睡覺。 【小結(jié)】感官動(dòng)詞如feel, see, hear, watch, notice, listen to, look at

13、 等以及使役動(dòng)詞make, have, let 等在跟不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)省略不定式符號to。 記牢賓補(bǔ)不帶to，一感、二聽要仔細(xì)。 三讓 四看記心間，半個(gè)幫助最相宜。 （一感：feel；二聽：hear，listen to ；三讓：let，make，have；四看：see， watch，look at，notice；半個(gè)幫助：help，可帶to也可不帶） 【觀察】 Tell him not to be late. I tried not to wake them up. My parents asked me not to stay up. I told her not to

14、 go to school. She decided not to buy the green one. 【小結(jié)】動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式由“___+_____”構(gòu)成。 3) 動(dòng)詞+疑問詞+ to 2 He wants to learn about how to care for animals. 他想學(xué)習(xí)怎樣照顧動(dòng)物。 2 In their free time, they think about what to do for fun. 在他們的閑暇時(shí)間，他們考慮做什么來娛樂。 ? Nobody told us ____ ___ _____ next. 沒有人告訴我們接下

15、去做什么。 ? He showed me ____ ___ _____the new mobile phone. 他向我演示怎樣使用這個(gè)新手機(jī)。 ? The question is ____ ___ _____.問題是什么時(shí)候開始。 【延伸】 1. 不定式作主語 【觀察】 2 It’s not easy for me to make friends. 對我來說，不容易交到朋友。 = To make friends is not easy for me 2 It’s always interesting to watch people show their talen

16、ts. 觀看別人展示才藝總是有意思的。 =To watch people show their talents is always interesting 2 To make a plan first is a good idea. 先制訂計(jì)劃是個(gè)好辦法。 =____ ___ a good idea to make a plan first. →句型It is+adj.+for+sb.+_____________.表示對某人來說做某事怎么樣。 ? 運(yùn)用：連詞成句help their parents, to, for, important, It, children, with h

17、ousework is. ____________________________________. 2. 不定式作定語 【觀察】 2 Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way to spend our free time. 自愿花時(shí)間幫助這些人是一種度過我們閑暇時(shí)間的好方式。 2 He now has 16 bikes to fix up and give away to children who don’t have bikes. 他現(xiàn)在有16輛自行車要修理，修好后可以贈(zèng)送給沒有自行車的孩子們。

18、 【小結(jié)】不定式做定語通常要放在被修飾的詞后。 ? She did not have much money ___ ___. 她沒有很多的錢可以花。 ? I have a lot of work ___ ___. 我有很多工作要干。 ? There is no more room ___ ___ in. 再也沒有地方可住了。 三 語法探究 動(dòng)詞短語 【觀察】 2 They cheered up Jimmy. →They cheered Jimmy up. →They cheered him up. 2 He handed out notices.→He handed not

19、ices out. →He handed them out. 2 She gave away all her old books. →She gave all her old books away. →She gave them away. 2 He woke up his daughter. →He woke up his daughter. →He woke her up. 2 I gave most of my books away when I left college. →I gave away most of my books when I left college.→I g

20、ave them away when I left college. 【小結(jié)】cheer up(使變得高興), hand out(分發(fā)；散發(fā)),give away(贈(zèng)送), wake up(喚醒)等動(dòng)詞+副詞構(gòu)成的短語，名詞作賓語可放在中間或后面，代詞作賓語只能放在____。 a. 動(dòng)詞+副詞 put off, put up, put away, turn on/ off/ up/ down. mix up, look up, clean up, pick up, make up虛構(gòu)；編造(故事、謊言等), eat up吃光, use up 用完 b. 動(dòng)詞+介詞 listen to,

21、care for, look for, think about, c. 動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞 look forward to, come up with, catch up with d. 動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞 pay attention to e. be動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞 be different from, be interested in, be angry with, be worried about, be similar to, be good at 【檢測反饋】 I. 單項(xiàng)選擇 1. Our teacher often asks us _____ questions in

22、 groups. A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed 2. —Mary is very generous. —Yes, she gave away all her money she owned____ people in need. A. to help B. helped C. helping 3. He made us____ by making faces. A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughed 4. The boys v

23、olunteer three hours____ up the park near their school. A. cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned 5. Tina, I have something important _____ you. A. telling B. tell C. to tell 6. You should pay attention to ____ from others. A. learn B. leaning C. learns 7. Mary called and a

24、sked her husband ___ home at once, because she locked their daughter in the home. A. to leave B. leave C. to go D. go 8. —I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? —I haven’t decided where _____. A. go B. went C. going D. to go II．用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 9. If you can’t read the words, you need ____ (look) them up in the dictionary. 10. Could you tell me what ____ (do) next? 11. The old man told us_____ (not swim) in the river. 12. It was difficult for him ____ (remember) all the things. 【教師反思】 【學(xué)生反思】