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1、 人物介紹+科普知識+環(huán)境保護+時文報道 A (2017·第一次全國大聯(lián)考) Alan Simpson formed，with Ray Galton，one of the great television scriptwriting partnerships.Their early work with Tony Hancock pioneered what became known as situation comedy. Alan Simpson was born in Brixton，London on 27 November 1929.After leaving school，

2、he obtained a job as a shipping clerk before contracting tuberculosis.He became so ill that he was not expected to live and was given the last rites.However，he survived.And he met his future partner，another teenage TB sufferer named Ray Galton. They discovered a shared love of American humorists su

3、ch as Damon Runyon and had both listened to radio comedy programmes Take It from Here and The Goon Shows.Their first work together was for hospital radio.Have You Ever Wondered was based on their experiences，which was played out in 1949. When Simpson left hospital he was asked by a local church con

4、cert party to write a show and he roped in Ray Galton to help.The pair also linked up with several other promising new comedy writers and performers of the time，notably Eric Sykes，Peter Sellers，F(xiàn)rankie Howerd and Tony Hancock.They were quickly tired of the format of radio comedy shows of the time wh

5、ich included music，sketches and one-liners，and longed for something with more depth.They came up with the idea of comedy where all the humour came from the situations in which characters find themselves.Tony Hancock liked the idea and Hancock’s Half Hour was born. It is often credited as the first

6、true radio sitcom，although two other shows of the time，A Life of Bliss and Life with the Lyons，were already using the format in 1954 when Hancock first aired. In 1956 the series transferred to TV and ran until 1961.Another original four series ran between 1962 and 1965 and the show was revived betw

7、een 1970 and 1974，during which time two feature film versions were also released.It proved to be the high point. Simpson quit writing in 1978 to pursue his other business interests although he and Galton remained close friends.In 1996 they reunited to update some of their best-known scripts for the

8、 comedian Paul Merton. Simpson blamed their later lack of popularity on the fact that shows were commissioned by armies of managers rather than producers. Alan Simpson passed away today,8 February,2017. 語篇解讀　本文主要介紹了情景喜劇先驅(qū)者之一Alan Simpson與其搭檔Ray Galton一起創(chuàng)作并出演了很多令人印象深刻的作品。他的作品遍及二十世紀(jì)四十年代至七十年代。現(xiàn)在他離開了我

9、們，但他的作品卻讓我們銘記。 1．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “roped in” in Paragraph 4? A．Persuaded. B．Cheated. C．Followed. D．Ordered. 答案　A 解析　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段畫線部分后面的to help可知此處意為“說服”，故A項符合題意。 2．What can we know from Paragraph 4? A．Hancock’s Half Hour was the fourth true radi

10、o sitcom. B．Alan Simpson was one of the pioneers of situation comedy. C．Eric Sykes，Peter Sellers，F(xiàn)rankie Howerd and Tony Hancock were promising performers of the time. D．Between 1970 and 1974 two feature film versions released made Alan’s career come to the high point. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Th

11、e pair also linked up with several other promising new comedy writers and performers of the time，notably Eric Sykes，Peter Sellers，F(xiàn)rankie Howerd and Tony Hancock.”可知選C。 3．Why were they fed up with the format of radio comedy shows of the time? A．Because Simpson was not satisfied with their later la

12、ck of popularity. B．Because Alan Simpson and his partners desired something with more depth. C．Because Alan Simpson was tired of writing and wanted to pursue his other business interests. D．Because Alan Simpson thought shows were commissioned by armies of managers rather than producers. 答案　B 解析

13、　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“They were quickly tired of the format of radio comedy shows of the time which included music，sketches and one-liners，and longed for something with more depth.”可知選B。 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Obituary(訃告)：Alan Simpson B．The Achievements of Alan Simpson C．Alan Simps

14、on and His Partners D．A Talented Man 答案　A 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了情景喜劇先驅(qū)者之一Alan Simpson一生所創(chuàng)作的作品以及所產(chǎn)生的影響，他的作品遍及二十世紀(jì)四十年代至七十年代。最后提到了他的逝世。所以本文應(yīng)該是一個訃告。 B (2017·河北衡水中學(xué)五調(diào)) Jeremy Kerr，a researcher at the University of Ottawa in Canada，and his colleagues analyzed more than 400,000 observations of bumblebee sp

15、ecies collected in North America and Europe from 1975 to 2010.When the researchers recorded the locations of these bee populations，they found that many of the 67 species analyzed were moving northward from their southern limits while the northern edges of the bees’ ranges are staying in place.What i

16、t results in is obvious. Bees have been paid more attention to in recent years，with populations of honeybees and bumblebees obviously declining in some parts of Europe.Previously，attention on the decline of bee populations has focused on causes including habitat loss，pesticide use and the spread of

17、 bee parasites(寄生蟲)．But the work by Kerr’s team found something different. “For every species，there is one or two species declining and others that are not moving at all，” says Kerr.This shift has also been observed in other species，such as butterflies.But due to a new cause—the rise of temperature

18、s instead of total pesticide use，a change in land use or parasites，bumblebees—unlike butterflies—have failed to extend the northern boundaries of their ranges into the territory that is now habitable for them，so bumblebee species across Europe and North America are declining rapidly，the latest study

19、 led by Kerr’s team finds.“Our data suggests that the new factor plays a leading，or perhaps the leading，role in this trend，” says Kerr. “This study shows that a fourth factor is also beginning to affect it.It is likely that the combined stresses from all of these pressures will have destructive imp

20、acts on bumblebees in the not-too-distant future，” says Dave Goulson，a bee researcher at the University of Sussex，Brighton，UK. Exactly what can be done to help bumblebees is not clear.Kerr’s team suggests that relocating colonies might be an answer but Goulson says that because the insects are mobi

21、le they are capable of moving northwards if there is suitable habitat available. 語篇解讀　本文介紹了加拿大渥太華大學(xué)關(guān)于蜜蜂數(shù)量減少的原因的一個調(diào)查。 5．What does the move of the bees’ southern limits lead to? A．The birth of new bee species. B．The rise of the bees’ population. C．The evolution of the bees. D．The reduction of

22、the bees’ habitat. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“they found that many of the 67 species analyzed were moving northward from their southern limits while the northern edges of the bees’ ranges are staying in place.What it results in is obvious.”可知蜜蜂由南向北遷徙會導(dǎo)致它們棲息地的減少。故選D。 6．What’s the new cause of bee popul

23、ations’ declining according to Kerr? A．Habitat loss. B．Pesticide use. C．Climate change. D．The spread of bee parasites. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句中的“But due to a new cause—the rise of temperatures instead of total pesticide use...”可知蜜蜂種類下降的新原因是溫度的上升，即氣候變化。故選C。 7．Which statement may Goulson agree w

24、ith? A．Relocating bumblebees isn’t much good. B．The findings of Kerr’s study are doubtful. C．The future of bumblebees is still promising. D．Knowing bumblebees’ living habits is the most urgent. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知Dave Goulson認(rèn)為因為大黃蜂是具有流動性的，只要有合適的棲息地，它們還是能夠向北遷徙，所以重新安置大黃蜂并非一個好辦法。故選A。 8．Wh

25、at kind of writing is this passage? A．A book review. B．An announcement. C．A scientific report. D．An official report. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。本文是一篇關(guān)于蜜蜂數(shù)量減少的原因的調(diào)查報告，屬于科學(xué)報告。故選C。 C (2017·湖南衡陽八中質(zhì)檢) New Zealand will create one of the largest marine protected areas in the world，spanning an area of 620,000

26、 sq km. The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary(保護區(qū)) will be one of the world’s most significant fully protected ecosystems，the prime minister of New Zealand，John Key，told the UN General Assembly in New York. The sanctuary is in the South Pacific Ocean，about 1,000 km northeast of New Zealand，and expands a ma

27、rine reserve that surrounds some small islands.The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity，featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins,150 types of fish and three of the world’s seven sea turtle species.It is also geologically significant，including the world’s longest chain of u

28、nderwater volcanoes and the second deepest ocean trench，into 10 km underwater—deeper than Mount Everest’s height.The scale of the sanctuary will dwarf(矮化) any previous New Zealand’s protected area，spanning twice the size of the country’s mainland.It will cover 15% of New Zealand’s economic zone. Co

29、mmercial and recreational fishing will be completely banned，as will oil，gas and mineral prospecting (勘探)，exploration and mining.Key’s government aims to pass legislation establishing the sanctuary next year. “The sanctuary is a world-class，unspoiled marine environment and New Zealand is proud to pr

30、otect it for future generations，” Key said.“New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans，which are an important part of our culture，economy and environment and we are committed to managing them sustainably.Creating protected areas will support not only our own fisheries，but those of our Pacific neighb

31、ors，adding to New Zealand’s efforts to help grow Pacific economies through the responsible management of their ocean resources.” Nick Smith，New Zealand’s environment minister，said the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry but that it is important to protect the ocean before explora

32、tion takes place.“New Zealand needs to use its vast ocean resources for jobs and exports in industries like fishing，aquaculture，minerals and energy，but we also need to set aside special areas where nature comes first and marine life is fully protected，” Smith said. New Zealand will monitor the area

33、 via its navy and satellite technology.The Kermadec region will join three other key areas in the Pacific protected by the US，the UK and Australia. Matt Rand，director of the Pew Charitable Trusts’ Global Ocean Legacy(遺產(chǎn)) campaign，welcomed Key’s announcement.“New Zealand will create the gold standar

34、d of conservation areas in the sanctuary，preserving one of the few relatively unspoiled areas of ocean on Earth，” he said.“This commitment is an exciting step toward meeting global goals to safeguard at least 30% of the ocean through fully protected marine reserves.” 語篇解讀　本文主要介紹了新西蘭建立海洋生態(tài)保護區(qū)的有關(guān)事項。

35、 9．Why is the Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary important in biodiversity? A．It has a superior geographical location. B．It has many different kinds of sea animals. C．Its environment is suitable for the growth of marine life. D．It is the only unspoiled area of ocean remained on Earth. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

36、根據(jù)第三段第二句“The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity，featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins,150 types of fish and three of the world’s seven sea turtle species.”可知選B。 10．Which of the following will Key probably agree on? A．People are allowed to fish for fun in the sanctua

37、ry. B．All Pacific countries should be responsible for ocean resources. C．New Zealanders attach great importance to protecting the sanctuary. D．New Zealand has made great achievement in creating protected areas. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第二句“New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans，which are an imp

38、ortant part of our culture，economy and environment and we are committed to managing them sustainably.”可推知C項正確。 11．What can we infer from what Nick Smith said? A．New Zealand should develop its marine industry in special areas. B．The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary may affect New Zealand’s mining industry

39、. C．New Zealand hasn’t figured out how to make full use of its ocean resources. D．Measures should be taken immediately to protect the ocean after explorations. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。文章第六段第一句中的“...the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry...”說明Nick Smith認(rèn)為建立保護區(qū)會對采礦業(yè)有影響。故選B。 D (2017·第二次

40、全國大聯(lián)考) On the first day of his presidency，Donald Trump (特朗普) began making changes to the policies of earlier presidents. A document released by the new Trump White House said the president would soon withdraw from the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement (12國跨太平洋伙伴貿(mào)易協(xié)定)．The free tra

41、de deal was negotiated by the Obama(奧巴馬) administration. The White House website said Trump would also work to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement known as NAFTA. “If our partners refuse a renegotiation that gives American workers a fair deal，then the president will give notice of

42、the United States’ intent to withdraw from NAFTA，” a White House statement said. Neither action was a surprise.During the presidential campaign，Trump said bad trade deals had hurt employment in America. The NAFTA agreement removed most tariffs(關(guān)稅) on products traded between the US，Canada and Mexic

43、o.It was signed by President Bill Clinton in 1993. The Trump administration also said it is ready to cancel what it called “harmful and unnecessary policies”. Among them is the Obama administration’s plan to reduce pollutants from coal-powered electricity plants.The climate plan was designed to cut

44、 gases that cause global warming. Another is a clean water rule to protect small waterways and wetlands(水域和濕地) from development by the Environmental Protection Agency. Trump has said he wants to cancel and replace a third policy，the national health care law，known as“Obamacare”． The Trump administ

45、ration has promised other major changes.In education，for example，there are plans to give parents more choice in selecting schools for their children，including private，religious schools. 語篇解讀　本文報道說：美國新任總統(tǒng)特朗普及其新任內(nèi)閣將調(diào)整或廢除以前政府所制定的幾項政策。 12．Who would have the US withdraw from the free trade deal negot

46、iated by the Obama administration? A．The Obama administration. B．The new Trump White House. C．The Trump administration. D．Donald Trump. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...the president would soon withdraw from the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement...”可知選D。 13．In which case will Donald

47、 Trump get the US continue to observe NAFTA? A．Canada and Mexico agree to offer American workers a fair deal. B．Canada and Mexico agree to renegotiate NAFTA. C．Canada and Mexico agree to offer workers a fair deal. D．The partners refuse a renegotiation that offers American workers a fair deal. 答

48、案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段和第六段可知選A。 14．How many policies considered harmful and unnecessary by the Trump administration are mentioned in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)七、八、九段可知：本文提到了三個被特朗普內(nèi)閣認(rèn)為沒有必要而且有害的政策。 15．What kind of articles does this passage belong to? A．Advert

49、isement. B．News. C．Introductions. D．Announcement. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。本文包含了新聞類題材所具有的時間、人物、事件、時效性等要素。故選B。 Ⅰ.單詞梳理 1．They are still fighting for survival(survive)． 2．An experienced(experience) Indian guide is provided during your stay. 3．Quickly(quick) he pulled some money out of his bag. 4．Tel

50、evision has robbed the cinema of its former popularity(popular)． 5．The loss(lose) of her purse caused her much inconvenience. 6．He buried himself totally(total) in his work. 7．We set out on this voyage of exploration(explore) with an open mind. 8．This old table is a valuable(value) piece of furn

51、iture. 9．He is fully(full) satisfied with his income. 10．I got this job through an employment(employ) agency. Ⅱ.短語提煉 A．英漢互譯 1．long for　　　　　 渴望；憧憬 2．come up with 提出；想出 3．in place 適當(dāng)?shù)?；在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤? 4．result in 導(dǎo)致 5．集中于 focus on 6．發(fā)生 take place 7．通知 give notice of 8．保護……不受 protect...fr

52、om B．運用上述短語完成下列句子 1．The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. 2．May God protect you from harm tonight. 3．She likes to have everything in place. 4．They should give notice of information which we required. 5．The meeting will take place soon. 6．They long for a chance to visit Shangha

53、i. 7．The noise made it hard for me to focus on work. 8．He came up with good ideas for the product promotion. Ⅲ.翻譯與仿寫 Exactly what can be done to help bumblebees is not clear. 句式分析　“what can be done to help bumblebees”為what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，在句中作主語。 翻譯　到底能做些什么來幫助大黃蜂還不清楚。 仿寫　最重要的是你已經(jīng)盡了最大努力。 What really matters is that you have tried your best. 10