2018-2019學(xué)年高中三維設(shè)計一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語人教版：高考話題二語言學(xué)習(xí)

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1、 ■子話題(一)　學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容 初背：月日　再背：月日 一、必背話題詞匯 1．a(chǎn)lphabet n．　　　　　　　字母；字母表 2．vocabulary n. 詞匯；詞匯量；詞表 3．phrase n. 短語；詞組 4．expression n. 詞語；表示；表達 5．idiom n. 成語；習(xí)語 6．sentence n. 句子 7．passage n. 文章 8．a(chǎn)ccent n. 口音；腔調(diào)；重音 9．dialect n. 方言 10．saying n. 諺語 11．pronunciation n. 發(fā)音 12．tone n.

2、腔調(diào)；語調(diào)；聲調(diào) 13．stress n. 重音 14．spelling n. 拼寫；拼法 15．meaning n. 意義 16．term n. 術(shù)語；條目 17．grammar n. 語法 18．usage n. 使用；用法 19．mistake n. 錯誤 20．loanword n. 外來詞 21．compound word 復(fù)合詞 22．native/mother tongue 母語 23．official language 官方語言 24．oral/spoken English 英語口語 25．written English 書

3、面英語 26．foreign language 外語 1．a(chǎn)bstract n．　　　　　　　摘要 2．a(chǎn)cademic adj. 學(xué)院的；學(xué)術(shù)的 3．literacy n. 讀寫能力；識字 4．literal adj. 文字(上)的；字面的 5．manuscript n. 手稿；底稿；原稿 6．masterpiece n. 杰作；名著 二、必背話題佳句 1．It's said that the biggest barrier to success in learning a foreign language is vocabulary. 據(jù)說學(xué)好外語的最

4、大障礙是詞匯。 2．American English is easier to remember while British English is just kept its original words without few changes. 美式英語更容易記住，而英式英語卻保留了它的原詞，沒什么變化。 3．Although American English is almost the same as British English, they still have some differences. 盡管美式英語和英式英語幾乎一樣，但是它們依然存在著一些差異。 4．As an

5、international language, English acts as a bridge linking all countries together nowadays. 作為一種國際語言，英語充當了當今連接各國的橋梁。 5．Nowadays Chinese is becoming more and more popular all over the world. 當今，漢語在全世界正變得越來越受歡迎。 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The best way to enlarge your vocabulary (詞匯量) is to read extensively. 2．You

6、 may find it difficult to communicate with the natives, because many of them have a strong accent (口音)． 3．It's difficult for us Chinese to master English idioms (習(xí)語)． 4．The children picked up Shanghai dialect (方言) during their stay in Shanghai. 5．The word “alphabet” has two stresses (重音) in Ameri

7、can English pronunciation. 6．First of all, I think it useful to learn some grammar (語法) and remember as many useful sentence patterns as I can. 7．A trade war is not a war in the literal (字面的) sense. 8．She used so many technical terms (術(shù)語) in her speech that the audience could not understand. 9．H

8、omesick is a compound (復(fù)合的) word made up of HOME and SICK, which means sick for home. 10．If a word has more than one vowel, the tone (聲調(diào)) should be marked on the main vowel of the word. Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當形式填空 1．I picked out some frequently-used English expressions (express) when meeting foreign guests. 2

9、．Every participant is expected to speak fluently, and your pronunciation (pronounce) should be as precise as possible. 3．If you look up the Chinese term “顏色” in Chinese-English dictionary, you will find two different spellings (spell) for this word. 4．Some usages (use) of English words are appropr

10、iate only in spoken English while others are more typical of formal writing. 5．The meeting was held in Guangzhou and Cantonese was taken as official (office) language for that meeting. 6．We can learn spoken (speak) English well by practising speaking English a great deal both in and out of class.

11、 7．I feel that it would be cool if I get more practice in oral and written (write) English from this course. 8．He reacquired an academic (academy) reputation after five years of hard work. Ⅲ.補全句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．盡管很多學(xué)生認識到掌握英語很重要，但是他們?nèi)匀粵]有花費太多時間學(xué)習(xí)它。 Although_many_students_become_aware_of_the_importance_of_

12、mastering_English,_they still don't spend much time on it. 2．英國人喜歡用“football”而美國人則更喜歡用“soccer”。 British like to use the word “football” while Americans prefer to use “soccer”． 3．People said that British and American English would become separate languages. →It_was_said_that British and American

13、English would become separate languages. ■子話題(二)　學(xué)習(xí)過程 初背：月日　再背：月日 一、必背話題詞匯 1．dictation n．　聽寫 2．pronounce vt. 發(fā)音 3．spell vt. 拼寫 4．input vt.& n. 輸入 5．output vt.& n. 輸出 6．comprehension n. 理解 7．recite vt. 背誦 8．retell vt. 復(fù)述 9．preview vt. 預(yù)習(xí) 10．review vt. 復(fù)習(xí) 11．revision n. 復(fù)習(xí)

14、12．memorize vt. 記憶 13．consult vt. 查閱；咨詢 14．classify vt. 分類 15．enlarge vt. 擴大 16．enrich vt. 豐富 17．practise vt.& vi. 練習(xí) 18．drill n．& vi. 訓(xùn)練；操練 19．skim vt.& vi. 跳讀；略讀 20．scan vt.& vi. 掃描；瀏覽 21．translate vt.& vi. 翻譯 22．a(chǎn)ccumulate vt.& vi. 積累；積聚 23．overcome vt. 克服；解決 24．go over

15、復(fù)習(xí) 25．look up 查閱 26．refer to 查閱；參考；指的是 27．insist on 堅持 28．make (full) use of (充分)利用 29．learn ...by heart 背誦；記住 30．keep/bear ...in mind 記住…… 31．put ...to use 使用…… 32．work hard at 努力學(xué)習(xí)…… 33．set/take/write/note down 寫下；記下 34．refer to/consult a dictionary 查字典 35．develop one's intere

16、st 培養(yǎng)某人的興趣 36．improve one's reading ability 提高某人的閱讀能力 37．form the/a habit of reading 養(yǎng)成閱讀習(xí)慣 38．enlarge/expand one's vocabulary 擴大某人的詞匯量 39．practise one's oral/spoken English 某人練習(xí)英語口語 40．memorize as many words as you can 盡量多記單詞 1．presentation n．　　　　　　　　 提交；授予；頒發(fā)；出示 2．required course/co

17、mpulsory course 必修課 3．broaden one's outlook/expand one's mental horizons 開闊眼界 4．be exposed to new ideas/experience 接觸各種新思想/新體驗 5．give full play to one's ability 充分發(fā)揮能力 二、必背話題佳句 1．One cannot learn a language well unless he works hard. 如果不努力是學(xué)不好一門語言的。 2．Reading aloud is a very effectiv

18、e way of learning English. 大聲朗讀是一種學(xué)習(xí)英語非常有效的方法。 3．The stronger the motivation is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language. 一個人動機越強，學(xué)習(xí)一門外語就越快。 4．Welcome to take part in the English speech contest, which is to help you improve your spoken English. 歡迎大家積極參加這次演講比賽，這將會對你提高英語口語有幫助。 5．

19、When it comes to improving Mandarin, my advice is that you should listen to Mandarin every day and practice speaking it whenever possible.Just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.”(2015·四川高考書面表達) 當談到提高普通話時，我的建議是你每天盡可能地多聽并隨時盡可能地練習(xí)說普通話，正如俗話所說，“熟能生巧”。 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫/用所給詞的適當形式填空 1．With Helen's

20、strong will and intelligence, combined with her teacher's skill and patience, they overcame (克服) all the difficulties. 2．Chinese Characters Dictation (聽寫) Competition is partly designed to arouse people's enthusiasm in Chinese. 3．In learning English, I think we should preview (預(yù)習(xí)) the lessons that

21、 the teacher will teach before class, making marks where we have questions. 4．He often consulted (查閱) a dictionary when he read the book. 5．I'll read all available English newspapers and magazines to enlarge (擴大) my vocabulary. 6．Only in that way can we accumulate (積累) much more knowledge, which

22、can be put to use in the future. 7．Dr Evans thanked him for coming to make the presentations(頒發(fā))． 8．I also find some English pronunciations (pronounce) rather confusing. 9．He gave the speech without referring (refer) to his notes. 10．I know that it is because I don't spend some time in memorizin

23、g (memory) what I have learnt in class in my spare time. Ⅱ.選詞填空 go over， look up， refer to， set down， insist on， enlarge/expand one's vocabulary， form the habit of， keep ...in mind 1．He listened attentively and set_down every word the teacher said. 2．A good way to enlarge/expand_your_vocabulary

24、is to read a daily newspaper. 3．Try not to look_up every new word in the dictionary when you read a passage. 4．Many children have formed_the_habit_of reading but not taking notes meanwhile. 5．The original meaning of Tuhao was referred_to the local rich and powerful family or person. 6．Ann is so

25、careful that she always goes_over her exercises to make sure there are no mistakes. 7．To memorize some new English words is not difficult, but insisting_on memorizing more is difficult. 8．Whenever your emotion is out of control, just keep_in_mind that only by possessing a good state of mind can yo

26、u attain success. Ⅲ.補全句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．用英語寫日記是提高我們的英語寫作能力的有效途徑之一。 Keeping_a_diary_in_English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing ability. 2．事實上，一個學(xué)生越受鼓勵，就越努力學(xué)習(xí)。 As a matter of fact, the more a student is encouraged, the_harder_he_will_learn. 3．Speaking of learning a foreign la

27、nguage, many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough words. →When_it_comes_to learning a foreign language, many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough words. ■子話題(三)　學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果 初背：月日　再背：月日 一、必背話題詞匯 1．master vt.　　　　　　　精通；掌握 2．grasp vt. 領(lǐng)會；掌握 3．improve vt.& vi. 改善；增進；

28、提高 4．a(chǎn)ccomplish vt. 完成 5．diploma n. 畢業(yè)文憑；證書 6．scholarship n. 獎學(xué)金 7．standard adj. 標準的 8．a(chǎn)ccuracy n. 準確；精確 9．a(chǎn)ccurate adj. 準確的；精確的 10．perfect adj. 完美的；極好的 11．fluent adj. 流利的；流暢的 12．fluency n. 流利；流暢 13．excellent adj. 極好的；優(yōu)秀的 14．a(chǎn)bundant adj. 充足的；豐盛的；充裕的 15．exact adj. 精確的；確切的 16

29、．wonderful adj. 精彩的；了不起的 17．precise adj. 準確的；精確的；確切的 18．explicit adj. 清楚明白的；易于理解的 19．specific adj. 明確的；具體的；獨特的 20．translate ...into 把……翻譯成 21．get full marks 得滿分 22．pick up (無意間)學(xué)得；拾起；撿起；接收 23．a(chǎn)cquire skills/knowledge 獲得技能/知識 24．have a good command of 精通(尤指語言) 25．have a good knowled

30、ge of 通曉 1．certificate n．　　　　　　　　證書；證件；執(zhí)照 2．release v. 發(fā)布(分數(shù)) 3．capacity n. 能力 4．intelligence n. 智力 5．overestimate v. 高估 6．potential n. 潛力；潛能 二、必背話題佳句 1．My hard work pays off, and I am quite proud of what I have achieved in English. 我的努力得到了回報，我為自己在英語方面所取得的成就感到非常驕傲。 2．I'd like to at

31、tend English lectures, from which I can get more information on British and American culture. 我愿意上英語課，從中我可以學(xué)到更多關(guān)于英美文化的知識。 3．We are supposed to learn English well because having a good command of English means more opportunities in the future. 我們理應(yīng)學(xué)好英語，因為精通英語意味著在將來有更多的機會。 4．Many Chinese find it n

32、ecessary for them to have a good command of English. 很多中國人發(fā)現(xiàn)精通英語對他們來說很有必要。 5．I have really improved myself in English since I joined in the English Corner. 自從參加了英語角，我在英語上確實有了提高。 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫/用所給詞的適當形式填空 1．Thanks to your help, we accomplished (完成) the task of translating the novel ahead of schedule.

33、 2．In my opinion, reading is an excellent (極好的) hobby.It can bring us enjoyment and success. 3．To our satisfaction, Mr Howarth gave us very specific (具體的) instructions. 4．Working hard can bring us abundant (充足的) knowledge that makes us keep studying and understanding the whole world. 5．She has t

34、he potential (潛力) to become a champion. 6．It is equally important for the learners of first and second language for accuracy (accurate)． 7．English is a language that many people around the world may not speak perfectly (perfect) but can at least understand. 8．I often chat in voice with some Engli

35、sh net-pals in my spare time, which really contributes to my fluency (fluent) in oral English. 9．The sounds of the Chinese and English languages are not exactly (exact) the same. 10．Americans like to say “I guess” to mean “I think”， which is precisely (precise) what the British used 300 years ago.

36、 Ⅱ.選詞填空 1．It is necessary to popularize Mandarin which is the standard language of China. 2．Some people think that one must find a good job as long as he/she has a high diploma. 3．He picked_up some foreign languages such as French and German when he traveled abroad. 4．As students at school, w

37、e should spend most of our time acquiring more knowledge and useful things. 5．Much as he confirms he has_a_good_command_of English, he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms. 6．If an excellent Chinese novel is_translated_into English, it means many more peop

38、le in the world can enjoy it. Ⅲ.補全句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．我想你的老師將會對你在考試中取得的成績感到高興。 I guess your teacher will be pleased with what_you_have_achieved in the exam. 2．許多學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)如果他或她想學(xué)好英語，掌握英語語法是有必要的。 Many students find_it_necessary_to_master the English grammar if he or she wants to learn English well. 3．The forei

39、gners spoke so quickly that he couldn't understand, which made Tom very frustrated. →Tom felt very frustrated because_the_foreigners_spoke so quickly that he couldn't understand. Topic 1　English around the world (Book 1·Unit 2) [主課文晨讀] THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH At th

40、e end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more peopl

41、e speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other?even if they don't speak the same kind of English. Look at this example： British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes. I'd like to come up to your ap

42、artment. So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. ?It was based more on German than the E

43、nglish we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those ?who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to mak

44、e use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes i

45、n English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For exampl

46、e, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. ?Today the number of pe

47、ople learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell. ?even if/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 ?more ...than ...“與其說……倒不如說” ?who引導(dǎo)定語從句 ?“the number of＋n.”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù) [單詞“分類記”]

48、 (一)閱讀障礙詞匯(識其形·知其義) 1．dialect n．　　　　　　方言 2．a(chǎn)ccent n. 口音；腔調(diào)；重音 3．voyage n. 航行；航海 4．identity n. 本身；本體；身份 5．conquer vt. 征服；占領(lǐng) (二)高考高頻詞匯(知其義·寫其形) 1．native adj. 本國的；本地的 n. 本地人；本國人 2．official adj. 官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的 3．base vt. 以……為根據(jù) n. 基部；基地；基礎(chǔ) 4．vocabulary n. 詞匯；詞匯量；詞表 5．command n．&vt.

49、 命令；指令；掌握 6．request n．&vt. 請求；要求 7．straight adv. 直接；挺直 adj. 直的；筆直的；正直的 8．block n. 街區(qū)；塊；木塊；石塊 (三)活學(xué)活用詞匯(記得清·用得活) Ⅰ.根據(jù)詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞 1．spelling n．拼寫；拼法→spell vt.拼寫 2．a(chǎn)ctually adv.實際上；事實上→actual adj.實際的 3．gradual adj.逐漸的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐漸地；逐步地 4．recognize vt.辨認出；承認；公認→recognition n．承認；識別

50、 5．latter adj.較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的→late adj.遲的；晚的→latest adj.最新的；最近的 6．fluent adj.流利的；流暢的→fluently adv.流利地；流暢地→fluency n．流利；流暢 7．frequent adj.頻繁的；常見的→frequently adv.常常；頻繁地 8．expression n．詞語；表示；表達→express vt.表示；表達n.快車；快遞 Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當形式填空 1．As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and people

51、are gradually aware of its importance. (gradual) 2．He had changed so much that you couldn't recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition.(recognize) 3．In order to speak Mandarin fluently,_Grace insists practising until she can speak fluent Mandarin because flu

52、ency in Mandarin is required in job-hunting in many Chinese companies. (fluent) 4．He expressed in his speech that he would support us and the expression on his face suggested that he meant what he said. (express) [短語“語境記”] (一)根據(jù)漢語寫出下列短語 1．because_of　　　　　　　因為；由于 2．come_up 走近；上來；提出 3．a(chǎn)t_present

53、 現(xiàn)在；目前 4．make_use_of 利用；使用 5．such_as 例如……；像這種的 6．play_a_part_(in) 扮演一個角色；參與 7．base_..._on_... 把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)之上 8．the_number_of ……的數(shù)量 9．more_than 超過；不止；非常 10．believe_it_or_not 信不信由你 (二)選用上述短語填空 1．The_number_of overweight children in developed countries is increasing. 2．Because_of the sn

54、ow, the pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city. 3．I believe Mary as she always bases her ideas on scientific experiments. 4．At_present,_developing the ability of the students is an important task in our daily teaching activity. 5．The caste system is still strong in some eastern

55、 countries, such_as India. 6．They tried their best to make_use_of the chance that their school offered to study hard. 7．The question which came_up at the meeting was whether we had enough money. 8．Believe_it_or_not,_three out of every four high school students in our city now have mobile phones o

56、f their own. [句式“仿寫通”] 1．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. 以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以相互理解。 [解讀]　even if＝even though意為“即使；盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 [仿寫]　即使我們有許多作業(yè)要做，我們也要抽時間聽英文歌曲。 We should spare some time to listen to English songs even_if

57、/though_we_have_a_lot_of_homework_to_do. 2．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 當時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎(chǔ)，而我們今天所說的英語不是。 [解讀]　more ... than ... “與其說……倒不如說……”。 [仿寫]　他們英語考試不及格，與其說我失望倒不如說我生氣。 I was more_angry_than_disappointed when they failed the English exam. 3．Believe it or n

58、ot, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標準英語。 [解讀]　no such ... “沒有這樣的……”。 [仿寫]　任何事情都是要付出代價的，在英語學(xué)習(xí)中并沒有捷徑可言。 Everything comes with a price; there_is_no_such_thing as a shortcut in English study. [第一板塊　重點單詞突破] 1．base vt.以……為根據(jù)n.基部；基地；基礎(chǔ) [高考佳句]　The research group produced

59、 two reports based on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.(2015·福建高考單選) 以這個調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)，研究團隊做了兩個報告，但是都沒有包含任何有用的建議。 (1)base ... on/upon ...　 把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)之上 be based on/upon 以……為基礎(chǔ)；依據(jù)…… (2)basis n. 基礎(chǔ)；基本原則 basic adj. 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的 ①Based (base) on a true love story, the film we watch

60、ed yesterday is highly thought of. 我們昨天看的這部電影受到了高度評價，它是以一個真實的愛情故事為基礎(chǔ)的。 ②As far as I'm concerned, common hobbies are the basis (base) of making friends. 就我個人而言，共同的興趣是交友的基礎(chǔ)。 ③First, he showed us the basic (base) steps and skills of making dough figurines.(2015·北京高考書面表達) 首先，他教給我們捏面人的基本步驟和技巧。 2．co

61、mmand n．[C]命令；指令；[U]掌握vt.命令；指揮；掌握；支配 [經(jīng)典例句]　Applicants will be expected to have a good command of English. 申請人必須精通英語。 (1)at sb.'s command　　　　　 聽某人支配 be in command of 掌握；控制 take command of 控制 have a good command of 掌握；精通(尤指語言) (2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that ... (shoul

62、d) do sth. 命令…… ①I'm at your command — what would you like me to do? 我聽從你的支配——你要我做什么？ ②The teacher commanded the students to_hand (hand) in their homework after class. →The teacher commanded that the students (should)_hand (hand) in their homework after class. 老師命令學(xué)生下課后交作業(yè)。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　后接賓語從句且從句中用“

63、(should＋) 動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有： 一堅持：insist 二命令：order, command 三建議：suggest, advise, recommend 四要求：demand, request, require, desire 再加一個敦促：urge 3．request n．& vt.請求；要求 [經(jīng)典例句]　All members of the club are requested to attend the annual meeting. 請俱樂部的全體會員務(wù)必參加年會。 (1)make (a) request for sth./that ...　 請求；要

64、求…… at one's request 應(yīng)某人的要求 (2)request sb. to do sth. 請求某人做某事 request that ... (should) do sth. 請求…… It is requested that ... (should) do sth. 據(jù)要求…… ①Our teacher made a request that we (should)_be_well_prepared_for the exam. 我們的老師要求我們?yōu)榭荚囎龊贸浞值臏蕚洹? ②Don't respond to any e-mail requesti

65、ng (request) personal information, no matter how official they look. 不要回復(fù)向你索要個人信息的任何郵件，不管它們看起來多么正式。 ③All the articles are requested to be related to the students' life. →It is requested that all the articles (should)_be_related_to the students' life. 要求所有的文章與學(xué)生的生活有關(guān)。 [名師指津]　動詞request后的賓語從句以及名

66、詞request后的表語從句、同位語從句都要用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞為“(should＋)動詞原形”。 4．recognize vt.辨認出；承認；公認 [教材原句]　Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other's dialects. 雖然一些美國人經(jīng)常搬遷，但他們?nèi)匀荒茏R別并理解彼此的方言。 (1)recognize sb./one's voice 認出某人/聽出某人的聲音 be recognized as/to be ... 被認作……/被認為是…… It is recognized that ... 人們公認…… (2)recognition n. 認出；認識 beyond recognition 認不出來 ①Cellphones which are now universally recognized__as a must, have a great effect on us. 手機，現(xiàn)在廣泛地被認為是必需品，對我們有很大