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1、專項學習導學案——形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級和最高級
一、 定義
大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞都有三個等級：原級、比較級和最高級。
1. 比較級用于兩者(人或事物)之間的比較，說明“前者比后者更……”。
2. 最高級表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比較，其中一個在某方面超過其他幾個，后面可用of或in短語來說明比較的范圍。形容詞的最高級前一般要加定冠詞the，副詞的最高級前的the可以省去。
二、 構(gòu)成
1. 形容詞和副詞比較級的規(guī)則變化
構(gòu)成方法
例詞
一般在詞尾加-er/-est
small→______→_________
smart→______→_________
2、以字母e結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加-r/-st
nice→______→_________
fine→______→_________
以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，把“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，再加“-er/-est”
early→______→_________happy→______→_________
重讀閉音節(jié)詞且詞尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er/-est
big→______→_________
thin→______→_________
多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加more/most
outgoing→______→_________
interesting
3、→______→_________
2. 形容詞和副詞比較級的不規(guī)則變化
good/well→better→best
many/much→more→most
bad/badly→worse→worst
little→less→least
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
三、 用法
1. 原級的用法：講述某人或某物自身情況時用原級。
① 基本句型：主語+謂語+形容詞/副詞原級+….
Heisveryoldnow.他現(xiàn)在很老了。
Theyranquitefast.它們跑得
4、相當快。
Theweatherlooksratherbad.天氣看上去相當糟。
Iamsohappy.我是如此的快樂。
② 表示兩者之間沒有差別時,使用句型：A+be動詞+as+形容詞原級+as+B.或A+實義動詞+as+副詞原級+as+B.
e.g.Heisasexcitedashisyoungersister.他和他妹妹一樣興奮。
Lilyrodeherbikeasslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉騎車像老太太一樣慢。
③ 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方時，使用句型：A+be動詞+not+as /so+形容詞原級+as+B.或A+助動詞do/does/did+not +實義
5、動詞原形+as /so +副詞原級+as+B.
e.g. Heisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.他沒他妹妹那么興奮。
Lilydidnotrideherbikeso/asslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉騎車不像老太太那樣慢。
2. 比較級的用法：
(1)主語＋be動詞＋形容詞的比較級＋than＋比較對象，意為“……比……更……”。
e.g.Iammoreoutgoingthanmysister.
主語＋實義動詞＋副詞的比較級＋than＋比較對象，意為“……比……更……”。
e.g.Tomrunsfasterthanmybrother.
6、
(2)比較級＋and＋比較級或moreandmore＋原級(多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞)，意為“越來越……”【and前后比較級，表示“越來越…….”之意】。
e.g.①Thedaysarebecominglongerandlongerinsummer.
②Thewindbecamemoreandmoreheavily.
(3)the＋比較級，the＋比較級，意為“越……，就越……”【the加比較用兩個，表示“越……，就越……”】。
e.g.Themoreexerciseyoutake,thehealthieryouwillbe.
【諺語】Themore,thebetter.多多益善。
7、
Thesooner,thebetter.越早越好。
(4)“Which/Who＋be(is/was)＋比較級，AorB？”表示“A和B，哪一個更……？”。
e.g.Whoistaller,TimorTom?
WhichT-shirtisnicer,thisoneorthatone?
Whoismoreactive,MaryorKate?
(5)【了解】the+比較級+ofthetwo之類，意為“兩個中比較……的”【ofthetwo之類比較級前要加the】
e.g.Thiswatchisthecheaperofthetwo.這支手表是兩個中比較便宜的。
【注意】
英語中能修飾形
8、容詞/副詞比較級的單詞或短語有：
三多：much,far,alot；兩少：alittle,abit
一甚至：even；一仍然：still
3. 最高級的用法：
(1)①A + be + the+ 形容詞最高級(＋名詞)＋in/of短語，表示“A是……中最……的”。
e.g. Tom is the tallest (student) in Class 1, Grade 8.
②A + 實義動詞+ (the) 副詞最高級＋in/of短語，表示“A是……中最……的”。
e.g. Tomruns(the) fastest in his class.
(2)A+ be+the＋序數(shù)詞＋形
9、容詞最高級＋單數(shù)名詞”表示“第幾……”。
e.g. The Yangtze River is the third longest river around the world.
(3)“one of the＋形容詞最高級＋復數(shù)名詞”表示 “最……之一”。
e.g. Lu Xun is one of the greatest writersin China.
(4)“特殊疑問詞＋be/實義動詞＋the＋形容詞/副詞最高級，A, B or C？”表示“A，B，C哪一個最……？”。
(5) This is/ was the最高級+名詞+that定語從句(現(xiàn)在完成時) “這是…里面，最…”
10、
e.g.This is the worst film that I have seen these years.
【注意】當最高級前有物主代詞或其他限定詞修飾時，其前不加定冠詞the.
e.g. Who is the tallest, Jim, Mike or Tom?
ex. Which language is ____ , English, French or Chinese?
A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult D. mostdifficult
【小試牛刀】
I．用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空
11、。
①Jackis________(funny)thanBill.
②Herillnesswas________(serious)thanthedoctorfirstthought.
③Whichis________(good),thisoneorthatone?
④Tonyismuch________(clever)thanTom.
⑤Chinaisbecoming________(strong)and________(strong)．
⑥The________(many)booksyouread,the________(much)youwillknow.
Ⅱ.單項選擇
1.
12、ThisisnotTina'sruler.________islonger.
A.She's B.HersC.She D.Her
2.Mr.Smiththinksrunningis________thangymnastics.
A.verypopular B.morepopularC.mostpopular D.themostpopular
3.It'ssummernow.Itisgetting________．
A.higherandhigher B.lowerandlowerC.hotterandhotter D.colderandcolder
4.—Canyoutellmew
13、hyyoulearnEnglishsowell?
—It'sverysimple.________youwork,________gradesyouwillget.
A.Theharder;thebestB.Thehard;thebetter
C.Harder;betterD.Theharder;thebetter
5.Iamgoodatmath,buthisEnglishis________thanmine.
A.muchbetter B.morebetterC.verybetter D.prettybetter
【綜合能力提升】
用所給的形容詞副詞的適當形式填空。
1.
14、 Tom is _______ (tall) than Jim.
2. Li Lei is _______ (young) boy in his class.
3. David has _________ (many)story books of all the students.
4. Li Lei speaks English _____________ (well) in his group.
5. Lucy runs ___________ (slow) than Lily.
改正下列句子中一處的錯誤。
A. Tom comes to school late than Ji
15、m._____
B.Which do you like better, cats,dogs,or chickens? _____
C. Who is oldest in our class? _____
D. He thinks math is importanter than Chinese.______
E. This work is very harder than that one.________
F. He lives farer than any other student in your class._______
單項選擇
1. I think Yao Ming
16、, the famous basketball player, will be ______ new Star in NBA.
A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest
2. In our city it’s ____ in July,but it is even ____in August.
A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter
3. Hainan is a very large island.
17、It is the second ______ island in China.
A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest
4. An elephant is ______ than a tiger.
A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier
5. My ____ sister is two years _____ than I.
A. older; older B. elder; elder C. older
18、; elder D. elder; older
6.He feels ____ today than yesterday.
A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired
7.The line is _____ than that one.
A. more longer B.much more longer C. much longer D. many more longer.
8.I think science is ____ than Japanese.
A. much importa
19、nt B. important C. much more important D. more much important
9.The book is _____ of the two.
A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D .the thinnest
10.She looks ____ than she does.
A. the more older B. very older C. much. older D. more older
11.The garden is becoming _____.
A.
20、more beautiful and moreB. more beautiful and beautiful
C. more and more beautifulD. more beautiful and beautifuler
12.I didn’t know which was _____, so I took them both.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
13.What an _____ story! I’m _____ in it.
A. interested; inter
21、esting B. interesting; interested C. interested; interested D. interesting; interesting
14.The jacket is _____ nice, but it’s _____ more expensive than that one.
A. much; much B. very; veryC. much; very D. very; much
15.New York is _____ in the United States.
A. larger than any c
22、ity B. larger than any other city
C. bigger than any cities D. biggest of all the cities
16.Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose ______ expensive one.
A. less B. the least C. the less D. the most
17.This kind of skirt looks ______ and sells ______
23、.
A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice
18.–How was the weather yesterday?
-It was terrible. It rained ____. People could ____ go out.
A. hardly; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hard; hardly
19.This chair is not _____ for him to ______.
24、 A. strong enough; sit B. enough strong; sit C. enough strong; sit in D. strong enough; sit on
20.The little baby looks _____.
A. lovely B. carefully C. heavily D. Sadly
21.The Yellow River is ______ river in China.
A. the two long B. the second longer C. the second lon
25、gest D. two longest
22.What a _____ cough! You seem ______ ill.
A. terrible; terribly B. terribly; terrible C. terrible; terrible D. terribly; terribly
23.The meat smell ____.You’d better throw it away.
A wonderful B wonderfully C badly D bad
24.Don’t worry. .She can look after your pet____.
A careful enough B enough careful C carefully enough D enough carefully
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人教版八上Unit 3 形容詞副詞比較級和最高級導學案（無答案）
