2018年中考英語(yǔ)真題分類匯編 題型2 完形真空 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練四 哲理故事（含解析）

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1、　 時(shí)間：7～10分鐘/篇　　分值：1分/小題 Cloze 1(2018濟(jì)寧) Once there was a king. He was wise but everyone was afraid of him. His face showed the sadness deep in his heart. So there were deep__1__ lines(皺紋)on his face. In his country lived a beautiful girl.Everyone seemed to love her, so did the king. He wanted to

2、__2__ her，and finally he decided to speak to her of his love. After he dressed in his best clothes, he looked in the __3__， but he saw a hard face，__4__ when he tried to smile. “How about wearing a mask(面具)？” he thought. Then he ordered his magician to paint a mask that looked kind and happy and ha

3、ndsome. The magician__5__ and said：“But you must keep your own face in the same lines that I paint and be kind to all people from your heart. If not, the mask will break.” The mask looked so__6__ that no one knew it was not the true face of the king. Months passed, the beautiful lady got married to

4、the king, and the king treated everyone__7__ to keep the mask from breaking. At last, the king didn't want to cheat his beautiful wife any more.__8__ he asked the magician to take the mask off. Surprisingly, he found his face was just like the mask he had worn for so long! This story tells us that

5、 a man is what he is in his heart. (　　)1. A. ugly　　　B. kind　　　C. beautiful　　D. peaceful (　　)2. A. love B. hate C. kill D. marry (　　)3. A. wall B. door C. mirror D. window (　　)4. A. yet B. even C. just D. still (　　)5. A. looked B. refused C. agreed D. laughed (　　)6. A. sad B. happy

6、 C. natural D. serious (　　)7. A. badly B. kindly C. coldly D. differently (　　)8. A. So B. Or C. But D. However Cloze 2(2018攀枝花) Once there was a lovely vegetable field with a very big tree in it. Both the vegetables and the tree made the garden look wonderful. In fact, the vegetables an

7、d the tree couldn't get on well with __1__. The vegetables disliked the tree because they thought the tree didn't leave them enough __2__ by covering them with its thick leaves, while the tree thought that the vegetables drank nearly all the water before it could reach him. The situation became wor

8、se and worse. One day the vegetables decided to __3__ all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up. The tree fought back by refusing to offer the vegetables shade (樹(shù)蔭). Soon they both began to dry up under the hot sun. Neither of them expected that the gardener would stop __4__ his veg

9、etable field because he thought it was __5__ to save the vegetables. When the gardener did that, the tree and the vegetables really felt how __6__ they were. There seemed to be no way to solve the problem. Then a small pumpkin decided to do something to change the situation. The small pumpkin did al

10、l he could to grow __7__ there was little water and it was too hot. Finally, the gardener __8__ the growing pumpkin among the dying vegetables.__9__， he started to water the field again because he still wanted to make a(n)__10__ to get the beautiful pumpkin. At the same time, the tree and the veget

11、ables were saved. Since then, they realized that it was better to help each other than to fight, and they lived in harmony with other plants. (　　)1. A. other plants B. the gardener C. each other D. the pumpkin (　　)2. A. light B. water C. air D. wind (　　)3. A. look up B. use up C. p

12、ick up D. put up (　　)4. A. picking B. growing C. planting D. watering (　　)5. A. hopeless B. important C. hopeful D. necessary (　　)6. A. angry B. hungry C. thirsty D. comfortable (　　)7. A. so B. though C. but D. and (　　)8. A. watched B. knew C. harvested D. notic

13、ed (　　)9. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Also (　　)10. A. decision B. idea C. effort D. chance Cloze 3(2018西寧) When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play. For weeks my mother helped me __1__ my sentences. But once during a performance, ev

14、ery word __2__ from my head. My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator (解說(shuō)員). Though I didn't tell my mother what had __3__ that day, she felt my __4__ and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions (蒲公英) coming out through the gr

15、ass, just like a painter had touched our woods and fields with bits of gold. I watched my mother carelessly bend down (彎腰) __5__ some flowers. “I think I am going to dig up all the wild grass，” she said. “But I like dandelions, all flowers are beautiful—even dandelions！” I said. My mother looked at

16、 me seriously. “Yes, every flower shines in __6__ own way. And that is true of people, too，” she said. She had guessed my pain. I started to cry and told her the __7__. “You will be a beautiful narrator，” she said, __8__ me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. Over the next few weeks,

17、 I learned to take __9__ in the role. The big day finally came. A few minutes before the play, my teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give this to you，” she said, handing me a __10__. After the play, I took the flower home, laughing that I was perhaps the only person who would keep suc

18、h wild grass. (　　)1. A. write B. listen C. practice D. teach (　　)2. A. disappeared B. spread C. forgot D. left (　　)3. A. done B. happened C. gone D. made (　　)4. A. illness B. fearlessness

19、 C. kindness D. unhappiness (　　)5. A. by B. for C. with D. at (　　)6. A. it B. its C. it's D. it is (　　)7. A. memory B. discovery C. truth D. accident (　　)8. A. reminding

20、 B. thinking C. reminded D. thought (　　)9. A. action B. turns C. risks D. pride (　　)10. A. note B. dandelion C. sunflower D. dictionary Cloze 4(2018咸寧) Once upon a time there lived a wise king who wanted to marry off his

21、 favorite daughter. He__1__ how he could find the right person. Finally, the king had an __2__. He decided to hold a contest (比賽)to decide which gentleman would achieve this great honor. The king ordered that anyone __3__ wanted to marry the princess must report to the palace. To win his daughter, a

22、 man must fill up a whole room with a(an) __4__ thing very quickly. The first brave man arrived at the palace. He brought bags full of feathers. With great __5__， he started to fill the large room with feathers, but time ran out and he failed. The next day, __6__ young man tried to quickly fill th

23、e room, this time with beautiful silk. Time ran out again, and he left the palace __7__． The contest went on day after day. __8__ contestants hoped to pass the test but no one __9__. The king began to lose heart. Wasn't anyone in the kingdom qualified(有資格的) to marry the beautiful princess? One day

24、, a young man arrived at the palace empty-handed. The king wondered how this man planned to win the contest. Entering the room, the young man __10__ the lights. He reached into his pocket, got a small __11__ and lit it. In no time, the light filled the whole room. The king was very happy because he

25、 had found the perfect match for his lovely daughter. To get through a problem, sometimes we must __12__ the way we're thinking about it. We need to re-educate ourselves by looking at the problem in a different way. (　　)1. A. surprised B. wondered C. hoped D. recognized (　　)2. A. opinion B. i

26、mpression C. idea D. opportunity (　　)3. A. whom B. who C. which D. why (　　)4. A. expensive B. cheap C. heavy D. light (　　)5. A. confidence B. doubt C. shame D. sadness (　　)6. A. the other B. another C. any other D. other (　　)7. A. disappointed B. happily C. excited D. freely (

27、　　)8. A. Hundred B. Hundred of C. Hundreds D. Hundreds of (　　)9. A. success B. succeeded C. successful D. successfully (　　)10. A. put off B. put up C. put out D. put down (　　)11. A. candle B. ice C. stone D. gold (　　)12. A. follow B. change C. turn D. make ,　　　　　　　　　　　　小　　詞　　

28、典) 1. line n. 皺紋　　　 2. mask n. 面具　　　　3. shade n．樹(shù)蔭 4. narrator n. 解說(shuō)員 5. dandelion n．蒲公英 6. bend down 彎腰 7. contest n．比賽 8. qualified adj. 有資格的 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練四 哲理故事 Cloze 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位聰明卻內(nèi)心悲傷的國(guó)王為了娶到一個(gè)美麗的姑娘，要求別人為他做一副面具。做面具的魔術(shù)師要求他戴上面具后也要善待別人。當(dāng)他摘下面具后，依然像戴著面具時(shí)一樣和藹可親。 1. A【解析】考查形容

29、詞詞義辨析。ugly丑陋的；kind善良的；beautiful美麗的；peaceful平靜的。根據(jù)空后語(yǔ)境可知他臉上有深深的皺紋，應(yīng)該是“丑陋的”，故選A。 2. D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。love愛(ài)；hate討厭；kill殺死；marry娶，和……結(jié)婚。根據(jù)后面“...speak to her of his love...”可知選D。 3. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。wall墻；door門(mén)；mirror鏡子；window窗子。句意：他穿上最漂亮的衣服后，在里看自己……。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知是在鏡子里看自己，故選C。 4. B【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：……但是他看見(jiàn)了一張痛苦的

30、臉，當(dāng)他努力微笑時(shí)。yet仍然，還；even甚至；just僅僅，只；still仍然，還。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處表程度加深，故選B。 5. C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：魔術(shù)師并說(shuō)道……。looked看；refused拒絕；agreed同意；laughed大笑。結(jié)合下文可知這里表示同意，故選C。 6. C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：面具看起來(lái)如此以至于沒(méi)有人知道那不是國(guó)王的本來(lái)面目。sad傷心的；happy高興的；natural自然的；serious嚴(yán)肅的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知選C。 7. B【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：……國(guó)王為了不讓自己的面具破裂，他對(duì)待所有人都很 。badly壞地；

31、kindly和藹地；coldly冷淡地；differently不同地。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境知可選B。 8. A【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，這個(gè)國(guó)王不想再欺騙他的妻子了。讓魔術(shù)師摘下他的面具。So因此，所以；Or或者，否則；But但是；However然而。前后句為因果關(guān)系，故選A。 Cloze 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了在一塊蔬菜地里，蔬菜和一棵樹(shù)為了各自的利益互不相讓，結(jié)果兩敗俱傷。一個(gè)南瓜通過(guò)自己的舉動(dòng)讓他們懂得了謙讓及和諧相處的重要性。 1. C【解析】考查相互代詞each other的用法。根據(jù)下一句可知蔬菜和樹(shù)彼此相處不融洽。故選C。 2. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析

32、。句意：蔬菜不喜歡樹(shù)，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為樹(shù)沒(méi)有留給他們足夠的……。light光；water水；air空氣；wind風(fēng)。由空后“...by covering them with its thick leaves...”可知樹(shù)厚厚的葉子遮住了光線，故選A。 3. B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一天，蔬菜決定地里所有的水讓樹(shù)枯死。look up往上看，查詢；use up用光，用盡；pick up 拾起，撿起；put up 貼上。由下文“...so that the tree would dry up.”可知蔬菜決定把所有的水都用光，讓樹(shù)枯死。故選B。 4. D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們都

33、不希望園丁停止 他的蔬菜地。picking采摘；growing生長(zhǎng)；planting種植；watering澆水。由后半句“because he thought it was 5 to save the vegetables.”和最后一段中“...he started to water the field again...”他重新開(kāi)始給那塊地澆水可知，園丁之前停止了給蔬菜地澆水。故選D。 5. A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為拯救蔬菜是。hopeless毫無(wú)希望的；important重要的；hopeful充滿希望的；necessary必要的。從前文 “Soon they both

34、 began to dry up under the hot sun.”可以看出拯救他們是毫無(wú)希望了。故選A。 6. C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)園丁停止?jié)菜?，?shù)和蔬菜才真的感受到他們有多么。angry生氣的；hungry饑餓的；thirsty口渴的；comfortable舒適的。由常識(shí)可知沒(méi)有被澆水，樹(shù)和蔬菜會(huì)感到口渴。故選C。 7. B【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：天氣很熱又沒(méi)有水，小南瓜盡自己一切可能去生長(zhǎng)。so因此；though雖然；but但是；and和。這里是表示讓步關(guān)系，故選B。 8. D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，園丁在一群瀕臨死亡的蔬菜中長(zhǎng)勢(shì)很好的小南

35、瓜。watched注視；knew知道，懂得；harvested收獲；noticed注意到。由前文可知園丁本來(lái)都放棄了這片蔬菜地，然而拼命生長(zhǎng)的小南瓜引起了園丁的注意。故選D。 9. A【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：，他重新開(kāi)始澆地……。Therefore因此，表因果；However 然后，表轉(zhuǎn)折；Besides此外，表遞進(jìn)；Also也，表補(bǔ)充。由上文可知園丁發(fā)現(xiàn)南瓜長(zhǎng)勢(shì)好，所以決定繼續(xù)給蔬菜地澆水。這是因果關(guān)系。故選A。 10. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他仍想去收獲一個(gè)美麗的南瓜。decision決定；idea主意；effort努力；chance機(jī)會(huì)。make an effor

36、t to do sth. 努力做某事。故選C。Cloze 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講的是“我”在學(xué)校演戲劇的經(jīng)歷，起初飾演公主，后因忘詞而改為旁白，因此而悶悶不樂(lè)。通過(guò)蒲公英告訴我一個(gè)道理：即使再普通的東西也會(huì)造就偉大。在母親的鼓勵(lì)下，我將旁白這個(gè)角色做得很好。 1. C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：母親用了好幾周幫助我我的臺(tái)詞。write寫(xiě)；listen聽(tīng)；practice練習(xí)；teach教。因?yàn)檠輵騽∈切枰毩?xí)臺(tái)詞的。故選C。 2. . A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是一次在表演中，每一個(gè)詞從我的頭腦中。disappeared消失；spread傳播；forgot忘記

37、；left離開(kāi)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及下句“My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator(解說(shuō)員)．”可知老師給她換了角色，是因?yàn)樗偼~，再結(jié)合句中“from”可知“disappeared”最符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 3. B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我沒(méi)有告訴我媽媽那天所的事情，她感覺(jué)到了我的并問(wèn)我是否想到院子里走一走。done做；happened發(fā)生；gone去；made制作。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，媽媽覺(jué)察到了發(fā)生了什么。故選B。 4. D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。illness疾??；fearlessness無(wú)畏，勇敢；kindnes

38、s善良；unhappiness不高興。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及句意可知“我”因角色變化而表現(xiàn)出的不高興，媽媽都看在了眼里。故選D。 5. A【解析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到我媽媽不經(jīng)意地彎下腰一些花。by通過(guò)，在……旁邊；for對(duì)于；with用；at在某個(gè)時(shí)間或時(shí)刻。根據(jù)句意可知是媽媽在一些花旁邊彎下腰。故選A。 6. B【解析】考查代詞的用法。句意：是的，每一朵花以自己的方式綻放著。it它；its它的，是形容詞性/名詞性物主代詞；it's它是(it is或is has的縮寫(xiě)形式)；it is它是。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處缺少可修飾名詞的形容詞性物主代詞。故選B。 7. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。

39、句意：我開(kāi)始哭并告訴她。memory記憶；discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；truth真相；accident事故。根據(jù)句意及語(yǔ)境可知“我”把真相告訴了媽媽，說(shuō)出了自己不高興的事情。故選C。 8. A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：……我是多么愛(ài)給她大聲地朗讀故事。reminding提醒；thinking認(rèn)為；reminded提醒；thought認(rèn)為。分析句子成分可知此處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，再結(jié)合句意可知答案。故選A。 9. D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的幾個(gè)星期里，我學(xué)會(huì)了以這個(gè)角色為。action行動(dòng)；turns輪流；risks冒險(xiǎn)；pride驕傲。take prid

40、e in是固定短語(yǔ)，“以……為驕傲”。再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境(媽媽對(duì)她一直的鼓勵(lì)，如上文中的句子“You will be a beautiful narrator...”)可知答案。故選D。 10. B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：……她說(shuō)著并遞給我一。note便條；dandelion蒲公英；sunflower向日葵；dictionary字典。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及文中下句“After the play, I took the flower home...”可知媽媽送來(lái)的應(yīng)是蒲公英。故選B。 Cloze 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。介紹了一位國(guó)王為他的女兒選駙馬的故事。文章告訴我們，有時(shí)候我們改變一下思維方

41、式，就會(huì)成功。 1. B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他 怎樣才能找到合適的人。surprised使驚訝；wondered想知道；hoped希望；recognized認(rèn)出。根據(jù)后半句“怎樣才能找到合適的人”可知他是想知道，故選B。 2. C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，這個(gè)國(guó)王有一個(gè)。opinion觀點(diǎn)；impression印象；idea想法；opportunity機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)后句“He decided to hold a contest(比賽)to decide which gentleman would achieve this great honor.”可知他有了一個(gè)想法，故

42、選C。 3. B【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞。句意：國(guó)王下令想娶公主的人都必須到宮殿來(lái)報(bào)告。whom誰(shuí)(作賓語(yǔ))；who誰(shuí)(作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))；which哪一個(gè)(作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))；why為什么(作狀語(yǔ))。根據(jù)空前的“anyone”可知指人，且作從句的主語(yǔ)，故選B。 4. D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了娶到他女兒，一位男士必須快速用一個(gè) 東西來(lái)填滿整個(gè)房間。expensive昂貴的；cheap便宜的；heavy重的；light輕的。根據(jù)第二段第二句“He brought bags full of feathers.”以及后文中有人用絲綢或者蠟燭“填充”房間，可知選D。 5. A【解析】考

43、查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著很大的，他開(kāi)始用羽毛填滿這個(gè)大房間……。confidence 信心；doubt疑問(wèn)；shame遺憾；sadness難過(guò)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知?jiǎng)傞_(kāi)始他信心十足，故選A。 6. B【解析】考查代詞詞義辨析。the other另一個(gè)(兩者中)；another另一個(gè)(三者或三者以上)；any other任何一個(gè)；other另外的。根據(jù)句意可知有好多人來(lái)參加，故應(yīng)用another，表示不定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè)，故選B。 7. A【解析】考查形容詞和副詞混合辨析。句意：時(shí)間又一次用完了，他 離開(kāi)宮殿。disappointed失望的；happily高興地；excited興奮的；freely自

44、由地。時(shí)間用完了，這個(gè)男人也失敗了，因此離開(kāi)時(shí)應(yīng)該是失望的，故選A。 8. D【解析】考查概數(shù)詞的用法。句意：比賽者希望通過(guò)這次測(cè)試……。Hundreds＋of表示“成百上千的”，表示概數(shù)，若表示確定的數(shù)，前必須有確定的數(shù)目，且用hundred的單數(shù)形式，故選D。 9. B【解析】考查同根詞詞義辨析。句意：成百上千的比賽者希望通過(guò)這次測(cè)試，但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)人。success成功(名詞)；succeeded成功(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)；successful成功的(形容詞)；successfully 成功地(副詞)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空為該句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故選B。 10. C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：

45、這個(gè)年輕人進(jìn)入房間時(shí) 燈。put off推遲；put up張貼；put out熄滅，伸出；put down放下。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“In no time, the light filled the whole room.”可知這個(gè)年輕人首先關(guān)掉了房間里的燈。故選C。 11. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他從他的口袋里，拿出一根小并點(diǎn)著了它。candle蠟燭；ice冰；stone石頭；gold金子。根據(jù)后半句“and lit it”可知應(yīng)是蠟燭，故選A。 12. B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了解決問(wèn)題，有時(shí)我們必須我們的思考方式。follow跟隨；change改變；turn轉(zhuǎn)變；make制造。根據(jù)空后一句“We need to re-educate ourselves by looking at the problem in a different way.”可知此處表達(dá)有時(shí)候我們必須改變我們的思維方式。故選B。 8