2019-2020學(xué)年高中英語 Unit 3 A healthy life Section Ⅲ Grammar教學(xué)案 新人教版選修6

Section Ⅲ　Grammar——it的用法(一) 課前語法感知 Ⅰ.教材語法感知 教材原句 ①It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon. ②It's my birthday in two weeks' time and I'll be 82 years old! ③Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. ④I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop. ⑤Get help if you need it! 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) (1)it用法廣泛，可以是代詞，用來表示時間、天氣、距離等，如例句②中it指時間，例句③中的第二個it指代smoking，例句⑤中it指代help。 (2)it可以作形式主語或賓語，如例句①中it作形式主語，真正的主語是后邊的that從句。例句③中第一個it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后邊的動詞不定式。例句④中的兩個it都作形式主語。 Ⅱ.真題語法感知 1．(2018·浙江高考)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ________ can be to eat out. 答案：it 2．(2018·江蘇高考)Well, ________ is really great to be back at university again. 答案：it 3．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)I then made ________ a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could. 答案：it 4．(2015·北京高考)Once the damage is done, __________ will take many years for the farmland to recover. 答案：it 5．(2015·浙江高考)Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around ________. 答案：it 課堂合作探究 名師點(diǎn)津 (1)it還可在答語中代替指示代詞this和that。 —Whose dictionary is that? —It's mine. ——那是誰的詞典？ ——我的。 (2)it用于某些表示喜怒哀樂的動詞(如like, enjoy, love, prefer, hate, appreciate等)后作形式賓語，真正的賓語常為when, that和if等引導(dǎo)的從句。 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full of food. 我討厭人們滿口食物說話。 【即景活用】 (1)單句語法填空 ①Someone is knocking at the door. Who might ________ be? ②What a long way ________ is from Beijing to London! ③________ was nearly midnight when she came back. ④He was badly hurt, and ________ made his mother worry a lot. ⑤________ is impolite to talk loudly in public places. ⑥I believe it no use ________ (read) without understanding. 答案：①it?、趇t　③It?、躨t　⑤It?、農(nóng)eading (2)單句寫作 ①吸收過多的脂肪和糖沒有好處。 ________________ taking in too much fat and sugar. ②吸煙會引起癌癥是一個人盡皆知的事實。 It's a well－known fact __________________________. ③結(jié)果表明情況很嚴(yán)峻。 ________________ that the situation was quite serious. ④我發(fā)現(xiàn)讓人們笑比讓他們哭更難。 I ______________________ to make people laugh than to make them cry. ⑤我們都想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為米勒能成功。 We all ______________ that Miler could succeed. ⑥如果你及時打回來電話我會很感激的。 I would ______________ if you could call back in time. 答案：①It's no good?、趖hat smoking can cause cancer ③It turned out　④find it more difficult?、輙ook it for granted?、轪ppreciate it 課后演練提能 [基礎(chǔ)題] Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but ________ didn't help. 答案：it 2．They are good friends. ________ is no wonder that they know each other so well. 答案：It 3．________ was 4 o'clock and the mail still hadn't come. 答案：It 4．The fire made ________ difficult to rescue the people trapped under the ruins in the earthquake. 答案：it 5．The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can move in. 答案：it Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．—Who's that at the door? —This is the milkman. ________________________________________________________ 答案：This→It 2．All the students find pleasant to study in this school. ________________________________________________________ 答案：find后加it 3．What is said that wisdom is born with a person. ________________________________________________________ 答案：What→It或said后加is 4．The train has already arrived, it arrived about an hour ago. ________________________________________________________ 答案：it→which或it前加and 5．Langlang said he didn't love that when his mother asked him to play the piano all day long. ________________________________________________________ 答案：that→it Ⅲ.單句寫作 1．我的建議是你馬上戒煙。 ______________ suggestion that you quit smoking at once. 答案：It is my 2．她突然想起來，鑰匙忘在公交上了。 ______________ occurred to her that she had left her keys on the bus. 答案：It suddenly 3．只要你方便隨時過來看我。 Come and see me whenever ______________ to you. 答案：it is convenient 4．光說不做沒什么好處。 ________________ talking without doing anything. 答案：It's no good 5．從這里到雄安有多遠(yuǎn)？ ________________ from here to Xiong'an? 答案：How far is it [能力題] Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Anxiety has now surpassed depression as the most common mental health disease among college students, though depression, too, is on the rise. More than half of students visiting campus clinics cite anxiety as a health concern, according to a recent study of more than 100,000 students nationwide by the Center for Collegiate Mental Health at Penn State. The causes range widely, experts say, from mounting academic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents to engagement with social media. Anxiety has always played a role in the development of a student's life, but now more students experience anxiety so acute that they are seeking professional help. Anxiety has become a characteristic of the current generation of college students, said Dan Jones, the director of Counseling and Psychological Services at Appalachian State University in Boone, NC. Because of increasing pressures during high school, he and other experts say, students arrive at college preloaded with stress. Accustomed to extreme parental oversight, many seem unable to govern themselves. And with parents so accessible, students have had less incentive to develop life skills. “They can't tolerate discomfort or having to struggle，” Dr Jones said. More often, anxiety is mild and temporary, the indication of a student under the control of a normal developmental issue—learning time management, for example, or how to handle rejection from a sorority (女生聯(lián)誼會). Mild anxiety is often treatable with early, modest interventions. But to care for rising numbers of severely troubled students, many counseling centers have moved to triage protocols (分診措施). That means that students with less urgent needs may wait several weeks for their first appointments. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了焦慮已成為大學(xué)生最常見的心理健康問題，同時介紹了針對此問題的解決方法。 1．Which of the following contributes to anxiety according to the passage? A．Overprotection from parents and teachers. B．The social media pressure. C．The development of students' life. D．Considerable learning pressure. 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“contributes to anxiety”定位到第二段第一句可知，原因包括學(xué)習(xí)上的壓力、父母過度的保護(hù)以及沉迷于社交媒體。A、B表述與原文不符，故可排除；文中指出焦慮在學(xué)生的成長中起著作用，故C項不是導(dǎo)致焦慮的原因。 2．What does the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Motivation. B．Attention. C．Appreciation. D．Direction. 答案：A　詞義猜測題。畫線詞在第三段倒數(shù)第二句，該句前半部分是原因，后半部分是結(jié)果。父母的過度保護(hù)導(dǎo)致孩子們沒有動力去培養(yǎng)生活技能，所以畫線詞是“動機(jī)，動力”的意思。 3．How do many counseling centers deal with some severely troubled students? A．To send them to some psychological hospitals. B．To teach them how to manage time. C．To move to triage protocols. D．To treat them with early, modest interventions. 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“counseling centers”可知答案應(yīng)定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“But to care for rising numbers of severely troubled students, many counseling centers have moved to triage protocols (分診措施)．”，故答案選C。 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．College Mental Health Centers Overburdened with Depression Students B．Students Burdened with Anxiety Are on the Rise C．Different Mental Diseases among College Students D．Anxiety and Mental Problem 答案：B　標(biāo)題判斷題。全文介紹了越來越多的大學(xué)生遭受焦慮這一心理問題的困擾，并分析了其原因及應(yīng)對辦法，故B項“遭受焦慮困擾的學(xué)生人數(shù)在不斷增長”作標(biāo)題最合適。 B (2019·遼寧省五校協(xié)作高三聯(lián)合模擬題)“We all know that exercise is good for us, but can you get the benefits without actually doing the exercise？” asks Michael Mosley. Having a hot bath or a sauna is a good way to soothe your arms and legs after exercise, but what happens if you do it instead of exercise? Dr Steve Faulkner of Loughborough University asked me to take part in an experiment comparing the relative benefits of having a long, hot bath versus an hour of hard cycling. For this study I join a group of volunteers who have all been fitted with monitors which continuously record blood sugar levels. Keeping your blood sugar level within the normal range is an important measure of your “metabolic” fitness. The first part of the experiment is very relaxing, consisting of having a long, hot bath. While I sit in the bath, which they keep at 40℃， Steve closely monitors my core temperature. Once it has risen and stayed there, I am allowed out. A couple of hours after my bath I have a light meal. Since we want to see how having a hot bath compares with exercise we repeat the experiment. So what's the result? “One of the first things that we were looking at，” Steve says, “is the energy expenditure while you're in the hot bath and what we found was an 80% increase in energy expenditure just as a result of sitting in the bath for the course of an hour.” This is nothing like as many calories as cycling for an hour (which comes out at an average of 630 calories), but we do burn 140 calories, the equivalent of a brisk 30­minute walk. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個小時的熱水浴雖然沒有騎一個小時自行車所消耗的熱量多，但其所消耗的熱量相當(dāng)于半個小時的快步走所消耗的熱量。 5．What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2? A．Exercise. B．Strengthen. C．Relax. D．Build up. 答案：C　詞義猜測題。結(jié)合該句內(nèi)容和常識可知，在鍛煉時，我們的腿和手臂肌肉比較緊張，洗熱水澡或桑拿浴可以使這些部位的肌肉得到放松，故選C。 6．What is the purpose of the experiment? A．To compare energy expenditure of hot bath and cycling. B．To tell people how to lose weight. C．To show the benefit of hot bath. D．To encourage people to have a hot bath instead of cycling. 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Dr Steve Faulkner of Loughborough University asked me to take part in an experiment comparing the relative benefits of having a long, hot bath versus an hour of hard cycling.”可知，做這個實驗的目的是把洗熱水澡和騎自行車的能量消耗的情況進(jìn)行對比，故選A。 7．What does normal blood sugar level mean? A．It means you are healthy. B．It means your temperature is normal. C．It means you don't need exercise. D．It means your metabolic system is normal. 答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Keeping your blood sugar level within the normal range is an important measure of your ‘metabolic’ fitness.”可知，保持正常范圍內(nèi)的血糖水平是代謝健康的一個重要衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。據(jù)此可知，正常的代謝系統(tǒng)與正常的血糖水平有關(guān)，故選D。 8．If you want to burn 600 calories, what can you do? A．Have a hot bath for one hour. B．Cycle for one hour. C．Have a brisk 60­minute walk. D．Have a brisk 30­minute walk. 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“This is nothing like as many calories as cycling for an hour (which comes out at an average of 630 calories), but we do burn 140 calories, the equivalent of a brisk 30­minute walk.”可知，如果要消耗600卡，應(yīng)騎一個小時自行車，故選B。 Ⅱ.語法填空 (2018·全國卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __1__ (long) than non­runners. You don't have to run fast or for long __2__ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of __3__ (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it __4__ (be) more effective at lengthening life __5__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 __6__ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __7__ (cause)． The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to __8__ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always __9__ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __10__ a try. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.longer　2.to see　3.dying　4.is　5.than　6.that/which　7.causes　8.strengthen　9.energetic　10.it/running - 9 -