反義疑問句 (2)

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1、反意疑問句 反意疑問句用法說明 ◇注意： 反意疑問句前后兩部分謂語應(yīng)是，“肯定陳述＋否定疑問”或“否定陳述＋肯定疑問” 簡略問句如果是否定式，not應(yīng)與be，do，will等系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞縮寫 簡略問句的主語不用名詞，應(yīng)用人稱代詞 當(dāng)說話者的目的不在疑問，而是為了加強語氣時，用降調(diào) 當(dāng)說話者的目的在疑問，則用升調(diào) 1) 陳述部分的主語是I，疑問部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister，arent I? （我和你姐姐一樣高，對嗎？） 2) 陳述部分的謂語是wish，疑問部分要用may +

2、主語。 I wish to have a word with you, may I? （我希望可以和你說話，可以嗎？） 3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定含義。 The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (開花), do they ? 4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問部分用shouldnt / ough

3、tnt +主語。正式文體用should/ought +主語+not形式。 He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問部分常用dont +主語（didnt +主語）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? 6) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時，疑問部分用didnt +主語或 usednt +主語。 He used to take pictures there, d

4、idnt he? / usednt he? 7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? 8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldnt +主語。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 9) 陳述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldnt +主語。 Youd like to go with me,

5、wouldnt you? 10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問句，疑問部分根據(jù)實際情況而定。 A．must表示“應(yīng)該”，其疑問部分用mustnt（不應(yīng)該），如： You must work hard next term, mustnt you ? 下學(xué)期你應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)，對嗎？ B．must表示“必須”，其疑問部分用neednt（不必），如： They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他們今天必須要完成這項工作，是嗎？ C．陳述部分含情態(tài)動詞mustnt，表示禁止時，疑問部分就可以用must或may，如：

6、 You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? (may we?)你不能把車停在這地方，知道嗎？ D．must表示推測 ，其疑問部分必須與must 后面的主要動詞相呼應(yīng)。如： ①對現(xiàn)在動作或存在的情況的推測 ： You must know the answer to the exercise, dont you? 你一定知道這項練習(xí)的答案，是不是？ That must be your bed, isnt it? 那一定是你的床，是嗎？ ②對過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的情況的推測： a 表示肯定推測

7、（一）句中陳述部分沒有表示過去的時間狀語，這時疑問部分中的動詞就用 現(xiàn)在完成時。（haven’t / hasn’t + 主語） You must have told her about it, haven’t you? 你一定把這事告訴她了，是嗎？ （二）陳述部分有表示過去的時間狀語，疑問部分的動詞就用 一般過去時。（didn’t + 主語） She must have read the novel last week, didn’t she? 她上星期一定讀了這本小說了，是嗎？ b 表示否定推測 表示推測時，否定式通常不是must not，而是c

8、ant (cannot).如： He cant have been to your home; he doesnt know your address, does he? 他不可能去過你家；他不知道你的地址，是不是？ 11) 感嘆句中，疑問部分用be +主語。 What colours, arent they? What a smell, isnt it? 12) 陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的并列主語時，疑問部分根據(jù)其實際邏輯意義而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are w

9、e? 13) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。 Everything is ready, isnt it? 14) 陳述部分為主語從句或并列復(fù)合句? a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問部分，謂語動詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定。 Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he? b. 帶有定語從句，賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問部分謂語根據(jù)主句的謂

10、語而定： He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he? c. 上述部分主句謂語是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，疑問部分與賓語從句相對應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句。 I dont think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, cant she? 但此時主語必須是第一人稱 如果不是則不能否定從句

11、 如 He thought they were wrong,didnt he? 而不能說werent they? 15) 陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時也用單數(shù)he. Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (does he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 16) 帶情態(tài)動詞dare或need的反意疑問句，疑問部分常用 need (dare ) +主語。

12、 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you/he? 當(dāng)dare, need 為實義動詞時，疑問部分用助動詞do + 主語。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 17) 省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you。 Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you ? 注意： Lets 開頭的祈使句，后用shall we（或用sha

13、nt we) ? Let us 開頭的祈使句，后用will you（或wont you）? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shant we)? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或wont you）? 18) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問部分用there省略主語代詞。 There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there? There will not be any t

14、rouble, will there? 19) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible, isnt it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 20)當(dāng)主句是由so引起的一個句子，而且譯為“這么說來”時，疑問部分的謂語形式（肯定或否定）應(yīng)與主句保持一致。 So you have seen the film, have you? So he has not been to Beijing ,hasnt he? 『補：Lets和Let us的區(qū)別』 ◇

15、1.Lets是Let us的縮寫。包括說話人和聽話人雙方在內(nèi)，含有催促、建議或請對方一起行動的意思。在聽話人表示贊同建議時可只用Lets.如： ---Shall we go by train？ ---Yes，lets. ◇2.當(dāng)請求對方允許自己（第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)）做某事時，要用Let us，這里的 us 不包括聽話對方在內(nèi)，不能縮寫為Lets. 如兩個同學(xué)對老師說： Please let us remove the bookshelf for you. 讓我倆給你移動一下書架。 ◇3.兩者在構(gòu)成附加疑問句時，方法不同。如： Lets go to se

16、e the film,shall we ? 咱們?nèi)タ措娪埃脝幔? Let us go to see the film,will you? 讓我們?nèi)タ措娪?，好嗎? 2．當(dāng)陳述句是表示存在的句子時，簡短問句用there 作形式主語。例如: There isn’t a book on the table, is there? There’s something wrong, isn’t there? There won’t be any trouble, will there? 3．如果陳述句中包含有如下的否定或半否定詞, 如seldom, hardl

17、y, never, rarely,little, few, nowhere, nothing，則簡短問句通常用肯定形式。但如果陳述句中僅包含有否定前綴，則簡短問句中用否定形式。例如： He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he? The rules are invariable, aren’t they? He seldom pays more attention to his pronunciation, does he? He hardly knows anything about computer, does he? Tom has lit

18、tle knowledge of how to spend money, does he? 4．陳述句中是I am時，簡短問句則用aren’t I。例如: I am an excellent English speaker, aren’t I? I am late, aren’t I ? 5．陳述句中是非限定人稱代詞one時，正式文體中，簡短問句的主語為one，而非正式文體中用you。例如: One must be honest, mustn’t one? 6．含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問句中，簡短問句一般反映主句中主、謂之間的關(guān)系。但如果主句是I

19、think, I suppose, I believe, I suspect, I imagine 等時，則簡短問句反映的是that從句中主語與謂語之間的關(guān)系。例如： They agreed that the United States shouldn’t make a war on Iraq, didn’t they? I suppose (that) he is serious, isn’t he? 注意：否定詞移位的情況，如： I don’t suppose (that) he is serious, is he? 7．如果陳述句的謂語動詞是have (當(dāng)

20、“擁有”講時), 簡短問句可用have形式或用do形式。例如： You have a nice house, haven’t/don’t you? 但如果陳述句是否定形式時，簡短問句中動詞的選擇則由陳述句中的動詞形式而定。例如： He hasn’t a house of his own, has he? He doesn’t have a house of his own, does he? 如果陳述句中的動詞 have 表示“經(jīng)歷，遭受，得到，吃”的意思時，則簡短問句中的動詞用 do的形式。例如： You often have headaches, do

21、n’t you? 8．當(dāng)陳述句的動詞是ought to時，英國英語中簡短問句用ought，而美國英語中則用should。 9．陳述句中的動詞是used to時，簡短問句可用used 的形式或did的形式。例如: The Smiths used to live in the countryside, usedn’t / didn’t they? He didn’t use/used to tell lies, did he? 10.陳述句中動詞為needn’t時，簡短問句通常用 need。例如: You needn’t do it if you don’t w

22、ant to, need you? You needn’t have told him the news, need you? 11.陳述句中must后動詞的類屬和時態(tài)不同，反意疑問句也不同。例如: The food must be good, isn’t it? You must have read the book last month, didnt you? You must see the doctor, needn’t you?（must表必要性，故用needn’t） You mustn’t do that again, must you?(mus

23、t表示“不可以”） 12.當(dāng)陳述部分是一祈使句時，簡短問句則通常為 won’t you, would you, can you, can’t you, could you等，使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣。如果陳述部分的祈使句中含有第 一人稱時，如Let’s do something, 則簡短問句為 shall we?例如: Do sit down, won’t you? Shut up, can you? 在否定的祈使句后， 只能用will you。例如: Don’t forget, will you? 13.當(dāng)遇到賓語從句時候.一般反主句.但是以 I thi

24、nk I believe. Isuppose ....開頭的反從句 1.Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, __________? (A) dont they (B) didnt they (C) did they (D) do they 2. --Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you? --_________. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World. (A) Yes, I have (B) No, I havent

25、(C) Certainly, I have (D) Of course, I havent 3. His sister had a bad cough, ________ she? (A) wasnt (B) doesnt (C) hadnt (D) didnt 4. John can hardly understand any Chinese, _______ he? (A) cant (B) doesnt (C) can (D) does 5. Dont smoke in the meeting room, ________? (A) do you (B) will yo

26、u (C) can you (D) could you 6. Lucy, you clean the blackboard today, ________? (A) do you (B) did you (C) will you (D) can you 7. Miss Cheng will never forget her first visit to Canada, _______? (A) will she (B) wont she (C) isnt she (D) wasnt she 8. The lady couldnt say a word when she saw t

27、he snake, ________? (A) could the lady (B) couldnt the lady (C) could she (D) couldnt she 9. Tina is unhappy now, _________? (A) isnt she (B) is she (C) is he (D) did she 10. My uncle has never been to a foreign country, _________? (A) has he (B) does he (C) hasnt he (D) doesnt h 11. There

28、is some water in that bottle, isnt _________? (A) there (B) it (C) that (D) those 12. --Lets go and play football, _______? --Thats wonderful. (A) will you (B) do you (C) wont you (D) shall we 13. --The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister, ________? -- Yes, because his

29、mother has gone shopping. (A) does he (B) is he (C) doesnt he (D) hasnt he 14. --You wont follow his example, will you? --_______, I dont think he is right. (A) No, I wont (B) Yes, I will (C) No, I will (D) Yes, I wont 15. What about Sally? Shes done her best these days, _________? (A) hasn

30、t she (B) isnt Sally (C) hasnt Sally (D) isnt she 16. Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it, _________? (A) arent they (B) are they (C) isnt it (D) is it 17. Peter hardly had time for concerts at that time, ________? (A) wasnt he (B) was he (C) didnt he (D) did he 18

31、. --There is some soup on the table, isnt _______? --No, I think thats water. (A) there (B) it (C) that (D) one 19. --It looks like rain, doesnt it? --_________. And I forgot my raincoat. (A) No, it isnt (B) Yes, it is (C) No, it doesnt (D) Yes, it does 20.--Havent you ever studeid with a group? --__________. Ive learned a lot that way. Yes, I have (B) No, I havent (C) Yes, I did (D) No, I didnt