2019年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題訓(xùn)練 介詞與介詞短語 新人教版.doc

2019年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題訓(xùn)練 介詞與介詞短語 新人教版 語法訓(xùn)練10分鐘一 1．(xx新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it. A．over　　　　　　　 B．by C．for　 D．a(chǎn)gainst 解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)句意：這是與時(shí)間的一次賽跑。against“對抗”之意，合題意，故選D。 答案：D 2．(xx新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)A serious study of physics is impossible________some knowledge of mathematics. A．a(chǎn)gainst　 B．before C．beyond　 D．without 解析：考查介詞。句意：不掌握一定的數(shù)學(xué)知識是沒有辦法對物理學(xué)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究的。故選D。 答案：D 3．(xx北京卷)I have an appointment________Dr.Smith，but I need to change it. A．to　 B．off C．with　 D．from 解析：考查介詞用法。句意：我與史密斯醫(yī)生有約，但是我需要改變一下。此處have an appointment with sb.表示“和某人有約”，固定搭配。 答案：C 4．(xx陜西卷)An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the mittee members are ________ it. A．a(chǎn)gainst　 B．for C．to 　 D．with 解析：本題考查介詞的基本用法。句意：意見達(dá)成一致看來是不可能了，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)委員會(huì)成員都表示反對。against反對；for為了；to向，對；with和。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選擇A項(xiàng)。 答案：A 5．(xx北京卷)Do you think this shirt is too tight ________ the shoulders? A．a(chǎn)t 　 B．on C．to 　 D．a(chǎn)cross 解析：本題考查介詞的基本用法。句意：你覺得這件襯衫肩膀的位置太緊了嗎？across the shoulders指肩寬，兩肩的距離，故選擇D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 6．(xx福建卷)Nothing is so easy as ________ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high. A．of 　 B．to C．by 　 D．for 解析：本題考查句型It is＋形容詞(easy)＋for sb.to do...中的介詞。句意：父母很容易對自己的孩子產(chǎn)生很高的期望值。 答案：D 7．(xx遼寧卷)The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place ________ the main road at the far end of the lake. A．to 　 B．for C．off 　 D．out 解析：考查介詞辨析。句意：Well Hotel坐落在湖泊那頭一個(gè)安靜的地方，遠(yuǎn)離主路。off距，離，到(遠(yuǎn)至某處)，離開。又如：The town is still five miles off.那小城尚在五英里以外。 答案：C 8．(xx浙江卷)Brown said he was by no means annoyed；________，he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood. A．a(chǎn)ll in all 　 B．for one thing C．on the contrary 　 D．by the way 解析：此題考查介詞詞組的辨析。句意：布朗說他一點(diǎn)兒都不生氣，相反，他很高興能讓他的意思被清楚地理解。根據(jù)句意選C項(xiàng)。all in all總之；for one thing一方面；by the way順便說一下。 答案：C 9．(xx上海卷) ________ passion，people wont have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. A．For 　 B．Without C．Beneath 　 D．By 解析：本題考查介詞的辨析。句意：如果沒有熱情，人們會(huì)缺乏創(chuàng)造性思維所需要的動(dòng)機(jī)或快樂。for為了，對……；without沒有，不用；beneath在……下面；by由，用，到……時(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知正確答案為B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 10．(xx丹東市期末)Repair work is________progress on the south bound lane of the highway and will continue until June. A．on　 B．in C．of　 D．a(chǎn)t 解析：考查介詞的用法?！斑M(jìn)展中”常用in progress表達(dá)，故本題選B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 11．(xx湖北質(zhì)檢)There is no need for you to go on diet；you are only slightly overweight________your height. A．in case of　 B．in relation to C．in return for　 D．in response to 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：你沒有必要節(jié)食，和你的身高相比，你只是稍微超重。in case of，“假使，如果”；in relation to，“和……相比”；in return for，“作為回報(bào)”；in response to，“回應(yīng)”。根據(jù)題意可知選B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 12．(xx濟(jì)南市檢測)Growing up in a tough environment，the brothers went________thick and thin together. A．over　 B．a(chǎn)cross C．with　 D．through 解析：考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：兄弟倆在艱難的環(huán)境中成長起來，一起經(jīng)歷了風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨。go over，“復(fù)習(xí)”；go across，“穿過”；go with，“和……一起”，后接人；go through，“經(jīng)歷，遭受”。根據(jù)題意可知選D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 13．(xx福建質(zhì)量檢測)After the earthquake，the villagers decided to build a monument________the rescue workers who lost their lives. A．in search of　 B．in place of C．in need of　 D．in memory of 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：震后，村民們決定建造一座紀(jì)念碑以紀(jì)念那些失去生命的救援人員。in search of，“尋找”；in place of，“代替”；in need of，“需要”；in memory of，“紀(jì)念”，根據(jù)句意可知選D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 14．(xx河南省期末)________sales of cars up by 30% last year，the traffic in Beijing has bee increasingly terrible. A．As　 B．Since C．For　 D．With 解析：考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著汽車的銷量去年增長了30%，北京的交通變得越來越糟糕。as作介詞時(shí)，意為“作為；如同”；since作介詞時(shí)，意為“自從”；for作介詞時(shí)，意為“為了；因?yàn)椤?；with作介詞時(shí)，意為“用；隨著；和……在一起”。 答案：D 15．(xx黑龍江月考)Ive talked a lot about walking.I want to say it is a cheap，safe and enjoyable form of exercise，and________its environmentally friendly. A．a(chǎn)ll in all　 B．in conclusion C．in other words　 D．in addition 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：關(guān)于行走我說了很多。我想說這是一個(gè)便宜，安全和愉快的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式，另外，它也是環(huán)保的。all in all，“歸根結(jié)底，總的來說”；in conclusion，“總之”；in other words，“換句話說”；in addition，“另外”。 答案：D 語法訓(xùn)練10分鐘二 1．(xx山東卷)The Smiths are praised________the way they bring up their children. A．from　 B．by C．a(chǎn)t　 D．for 解析：考查介詞。句意為：史密斯夫婦因?yàn)樗麄凁B(yǎng)育孩子的方式而受到稱贊。短語be praised for....“因…而受到稱贊”，固定搭配。 答案：D 2．(xx福建卷)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always________whenever she tries to. A．in the way　 B．on watch C．in sight　 D．on the line 解析：考查介詞短語。句意：Smith夫人發(fā)現(xiàn)清理雜物很難，因?yàn)闊o論何時(shí)她要去做的時(shí)候，孩子們總是礙事。in the way“妨礙，擋路”，符合句意。 答案：A 3．(xx江蘇卷)I am always delighted when I receive an e－mail from you.________the party on July 1st，I shall be pleased to attend. A．On account of　 B．In response to C．In view of　 D．With regard to 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：收到你的郵件，我總是很開心。至于七月一日的聚會(huì)，我很樂意參加。根據(jù)句意可知，With regard to“關(guān)于，至于”，合題意。 答案：D 4．(xx安徽卷)You can change your job，you can move house，but friendship is meant to be ________life. A．of 　 B．on C．to 　 D．for 解析：考查介詞辨析。句意：你可以換工作，可以搬家，但友誼卻是受用終生的。for life意為：一生，終生。其余三項(xiàng)均不符合語境。 答案：D 5．(xx福建卷)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens. A．in charge of 　 B．for the purpose of C．in honor of 　 D．for the benefit of 解析：本題考查介詞短語辨析。句意：為了所有公民的利益，中國一直在推行公立醫(yī)院的改革。in charge of管理，負(fù)責(zé)；for the purpose of為了；in honor of向……表示敬意，為紀(jì)念；for the benefit of為了……的利益。 答案：D 6．(xx江蘇卷)— Thank God youre safe! — I stepped back，just ________ to avoid the racing car. A．in time 　 B．in case C．in need 　 D．in vain 解析：本題考查介詞短語辨析。句意：——謝天謝地，你安然無恙！——我退了一步，正好及時(shí)避開了賽車。in time及時(shí)；in case以防，萬一；in need需要；in vain徒然。 答案：A 7．(xx浙江卷) ________ all the animals Ive ever had，these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word. A．From 　 B．Of C．For 　 D．With 解析：此題考查介詞的用法。句意：在所有我養(yǎng)過的動(dòng)物中，這兩只狗對語言最敏感。此處of用來表示范圍，在……之中。from，for，with均不可以用來表示范圍。 答案：B 8．(xx湖北卷)The furniture，with its modern style and bright colors，suits modern houses and their gardens，but looks ________ in the garden of a traditional home. A．out of question　 B．out of order C．out of sight 　 D．out of place 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：這件家具具有現(xiàn)代化的風(fēng)格和明亮的顏色，很適合現(xiàn)代化的房子和花園，但是放在一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)格房屋的花園里就顯得有些格格不入。out of place表示“不在合適的位置，不適當(dāng)?shù)?，格格不入的”；out of question表示“毫無疑問的”；out of order表示“工作不正常的，不按次序的，違反會(huì)議規(guī)程的”；out of sight表示“看不見，在視野之外”。 答案：D 9．(xx安徽卷)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest，look in your local library ________a book about it. A．on　 B．a(chǎn)t C．for　 D．to 解析：考查介詞和動(dòng)詞的搭配。句意：在你到某一旅游勝地參觀之前，先在你們當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館找一本與它有關(guān)的書看看。look for“尋找”合題意。 答案：C 10．(xx創(chuàng)新題)________my friendship with Frank，I tried not to take sides with him in his argument with his brother. A．Beside　 B．Despite C．Beyond　 D．For 解析：考查介詞。句意：盡管我和Frank交好，但我盡力在他們兄弟的爭吵中不偏袒他。despite“即使，盡管”，符合句意。 答案：B 11．(xx資陽市診斷)After the 18th CPC National Congress，many new laws and policies will be________to make sure of the rapid and steady growth of Chinas economy. A．in power　 B．in control C．in authority　 D．in force 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：十八大之后，為了確保中國經(jīng)濟(jì)快速平穩(wěn)發(fā)展，很多新法律和新政策將生效。詞組in force意思是“(法律，規(guī)則)現(xiàn)行的，生效的”。in power，“掌權(quán)”；in control，“指揮，管理，支配”；in authority，“掌權(quán)”。 答案：D 12．(xx皖南八校聯(lián)考)I hope you will reach your full potential in the finals.So remember to have your breakfast and dont take an exam________an empty stomach. A．a(chǎn)bout　 B．by C．a(chǎn)t　 D．on 解析：考查介詞辨析。on an empty stomach意為“空腹時(shí)，餓肚子”，選D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 13．(xx山東模擬)After walking a whole day，I was almost________，not feeling bad，though. A．out of shape　 B．out of breath C．out of control　 D．out of order 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：走了一整天之后，我?guī)缀鯕獯贿^來，但是也不怎么糟糕。out of shape，“變形的，走樣的，(人)身體不好”；out of breath，“上氣不接下氣的”；out of control，“失去控制的”；out of order，“次序顛倒的，不整齊的，狀態(tài)不好的”。 答案：B 14．(xx邯鄲市檢測)I looked________the direction of the voice，only to find it was a lovely dog. A．to　 B．toward C．in　 D．for 解析：考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我順著聲音的方向看去，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)是一只可愛的小狗。in the direction of，“朝某個(gè)方向看”，這里是固定短語，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。 答案：C 15．(xx江蘇省月考)—When can I use your puter? —Never！________should you touch it. A．In no time　 B．At no time C．At any time　 D．At one time 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：——什么時(shí)候我能用你的電腦？——不行，你決不能碰它。in no time，“立刻”；at no time，“決不”；at any time，“任何時(shí)候”；at one time，“曾經(jīng)”。 答案：B