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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料
Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Prereading
James Cook was born in 1728 in Marton, England.His father, a Scottish migrant farm worker, allowed James to work on coalcarrying boats at eighteen.Cook spent his free time learning math and navigation.This led to his appointment as mat
2、e (大副)．
Searching for something more adventurous, in 1755 he volunteered for the British Royal Navy and took part in the Seven Years War and played an active part in charting St.Lawrence River, which helped England Navy capture Quebec from the French.
The First Voyage.
Following the war, Cook was
3、 given the mission to lead an expedition to observe the rare passage of Venus across the face of the sun in order to determine the accurate distance between the earth and sun.He set sail from England in August, 1768 and stopped at Tahiti where he did the observation.He proceeded to the West Indies a
4、nd across the Indian Ocean to the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa.
The Second Voyage.
The Royal Navy promoted James Cook to Captain following his return and had a new mission for him, to find the Unknown Southern Land.Cook led two ships and headed to Cape Town in July, 1772.He proc
5、eeded south from Africa and turned around after encountering large amounts of floating pack ice.Actually he came within 75 miles of the Antarctica at that time.But he found no habitable southern continent and arrived back in Britain in July, 1775.
The Third Voyage.
The Navy wanted Cook to determin
6、e if there was a Northwest Passage, a mythical waterway between Europe and Asia across the top of North America.Cook set out in July of 1776 and rounded the southern tip of Africa and headed east across the Indian Ocean until his navigation of the Bering Sea was stopped by the impassible Arctic ice.
7、
Upon yet again discovering that something did not exist, he continued his voyage.His last stop was in February, 1779 at Hawaii where he was killed in a fight with islanders over the theft of a boat.
Cooks explorations greatly increased European knowledge of the world.As a ship captain and skilled
8、 cartographer, he filled in many gaps on world maps.His contributions to eighteenth century science helped further exploration and discovery for many generations.
True (T) or False (F)：
1．James Cook led the British Royal Navy and captured Quebec from the French.( )
2．The aim of Cooks last voyage
9、 was to find a Northwest Passage between Europe and Asia.( )
3．Cook was named Captain after his first voyage.( )
4．Captain Cook died in a conflict with the Hawaii local people.( )
答案：1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T
Ⅰ.高頻單詞點擊
1．voyage n．航海；航行
2．mercy n．仁慈；寬恕；憐憫→merciful adj.仁慈的
3．a(chǎn)longside prep.靠著；沿著adv.在旁邊
10、；沿著邊
4．exploration n．探險；探測→explorer n．探險者；勘探者；考察者→explore v．勘探；探索；調(diào)查研究
5．minimum adj.最小的；最低的
6．pole n．地極；柱；桿
7．horizon n．地平線；視野
8．nowhere adv.無處
9．offshore adj.離岸的；海面上的
10．outward adj.外面的；向外的adv.向外；在外
11．secure adj.安全的；可靠的→securely adv.安全地；可靠地→security n．安全；可靠
12．random adj.任意的；隨便的→randomly
11、 adv.隨便地；任意地
13．a(chǎn)wkward adj.難使用的；笨拙的→awkwardly adv.笨拙地；尷尬地→awkwardness n．笨拙；尷尬
14．reference n．參考→refer v．參考；查閱
15．precise adj.精確的；準(zhǔn)確的
16．simplify v．使簡化；使簡易
17．portable adj.便攜式的；手提的
18．shortcoming n．缺點；短處
19．update vt.更新
20．tendency n．趨向；傾向；偏好→tend v．趨向；走向
21．reliable adj.可靠的；可信賴的；可依靠的→relia
12、bly adv.可靠地→rely v．依靠；信賴
Ⅱ.重點短語必記
1．a(chǎn)t the mercy of 受……支配；任……處置
2．work out 計算出；制訂出
3．a(chǎn)s well as 也
4．rather than 而不是
5．in relation to 與……有關(guān)；涉及
Ⅲ.常用句型必備
1．How do_you_think seamen found their way before mordern accurate methods of navigation were invented?
2．We may well wonder how seamen e
13、xplored the oceans before latitude and longitude made_it_possible_to_plot_a_ships_position_on_a_map.
3．This seems to_have_been the first and most useful form of exploration which carried the minimum amount of risk.
4．Nobody knew that the earth turns eastwards at about 15 degrees every hour, but sa
14、ilors did_know an approximate method of calculating longitude using speed and time.
Ⅳ.課文大意理解
1．When did early sailors have a practical method of measuring longitude?
A．The 12th century.
B．The 17th century.
C．The 15th century.
D．The 16th century.
2．What does seaweed look like when it i
15、s near land?
A．It looks nice.
B．It looks small.
C．It looks fresh.
D．It looks dark.
3．Where are we now when the North Star is along the horizon?
A．At the equator. B．At the North Pole.
C．At the South Pole. D．At sea.
4．From the reading we have learned________.
A．why early seamen wanted to
16、 sail the seven seas
B．that there is useful information in an encyclopedia
C．that early sailors went exploring the seas using their skills and simple instruments
D．why latitude and longitude are important to plot a ships position
5．The main idea of this passage is about________.
A．that keeping
17、alongside the coastline is first and most useful form of exploration
B．the skills and navigational aids early seamen used while sailing the oceans
C．that finding longitude and latitude is a must to plot a ships position on a map
D．how the early sailors used their skills and simple instruments
答案
18、：1～5 BCACB
Ⅴ.根據(jù)課文改錯
1．We may well wonder how seamen explored the oceans before latitude and longitude made possible to plot a ships position on a map.
made后加it
2．There is a special cloud formation which indicates there is land close.
close后加by
3．Sailors often saw seamen in the sea and could te
19、ll
through the colour and smell how long it had been there.
through→by
4．Sea birds could be used to showing the way to land when it was nowhere to be seen.
showing→show
5．An early method of measuring speed involved throwing a knotted rope tying to a log over the side of the ship.
tying→tied
Ⅵ
20、.課文縮寫填空
This reading explains how seamen explored the oceans and what kind of __1__ (navigation) instruments were used to sailors __2__ the seventeenth century __3__ they were navigating the open seas without seeing land.The __4__ (voyage) of travellers before the 17th century show that they were n
21、ot __5__ the mercy of the sea even though they did not have modern navigational aids.The seamen could use celestial bodies, wildlife, the weather or the sea __6__ (keep) alongside the coastline.They could also use __7__ compass to help find the direction that the ship needs to go.They could use the
22、 __8__ (bear) circle to measure the suns position and tell if they were sailing on their correct rather than a random course.__9__ the astrolabe, the quadrant and the sextant could help give the seamen the local time and allowed them to find their latitude __10__ sea.
答案：1.navigational 2.before 3.when 4.voyages 5.at 6.to keep 7.the 8.bearing 9.While 10.at
2020高中英語人教版 選修9教師用書：Unit 2 SectionⅠ Warming UpReading — Prereading Word版含答案
