專題16 主謂一致教案

中考復(fù)習(xí)專題十------主謂一致 課題 主謂一致 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 知識：掌握主謂一致的語法一致、意義一致、就近一致的原則，以及不定代詞和特殊名詞做主語的用法 能力：掌握主謂一致的語法一致、意義一致、就近一致的原則，以及不定代詞和特殊名詞做主語的用法 重點、難點、考點 重點：主謂一致原則中的就近一致 難點：主謂一致原則中的就近一致 考點：主謂一致原則中的就近一致 教學(xué)策略 1. 根據(jù)學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)知識掌握的情況，有的放矢的對學(xué)生進(jìn)行啟發(fā)性、激勵性的教學(xué) 2. 講練結(jié)合，有針對性的對學(xué)生在練習(xí)中存在的問題給予指導(dǎo) 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 本課時教案，學(xué)生要準(zhǔn)備的筆記本、聽寫本、紅筆。 教學(xué) 過 程設(shè)計 教學(xué)過程設(shè)計 新課導(dǎo)入 復(fù)習(xí)以前學(xué)過的情態(tài)動詞，并能說出他們的常見用法，并能導(dǎo)出這節(jié)課所講內(nèi)容（動詞的分類） 新知探究 一、主謂一致的原則 （一）意義一致：從意義著眼來解決主謂一致問題。有時主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)，那么謂語依意義也用復(fù)數(shù)形式；而有時主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，但意義上卻是單數(shù)，那么謂語依意義亦用單數(shù)形式 （二）語法一致：主語和謂語從語法形式上取得一致，主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語采取單數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語采取復(fù)數(shù)形式 （三）就近一致：謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近作主語的詞語保持一致 二、主謂一致的用法 （一）and, both...and 連接名詞或代詞做主語 1. 謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Li Lei and Liu Mei are both interested in English. 李蕾和魏方都對英語感興趣。 He and she are good friends. 他跟她是好朋友。 2. and 連接的兩個成對的名詞，如fork and knife, bread and butter；soda and water； coffee and water；aim and end；salt and water等，雖有and 連接，但仍表示單一的概念，謂語動詞常用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如： Where is your fork and knife? 你的刀叉在哪兒？ Is the bread and butter enough for you two? 你們兩人吃這一點面包和黃油夠了嗎？ 3．a(chǎn)nd 連接的兩個名詞若是指同一個人, 即： and前的名詞前有冠詞,而and后面的名詞前沒有冠詞。謂語動詞常用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如： I’m told that the monitor and League secretary is ill today. 班長兼團(tuán)支書今天病了 4．a(chǎn)nd所連接的連個名詞前分別有：every, each, no, many a等修飾時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如： Every boy and every girl enjoys themselves in the school. Many a teacher and many a student has spoken at the meeting.很多老師和學(xué)生發(fā)了言 例： 1. Spelling and pronunciation ________ his main trouble. A. is B. are C. takes D. brings 2. The League secretary and the monitor ____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.　 A.is B.was C.are D.is being 3. The great writer and professor ____.　 A. is an old man B. are both old men　　 C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese （二）就近原則 1.there be句型 例： 4. Between the two rows of trees ____ the teaching building.　 A.stand B.stands C. standing D.are 2. 主語是：連接詞or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or…, not…but…, not only…but also…等連接的名詞或代詞時，謂語動詞的形式須跟與之最接近的名詞或代詞決定。如： Neither he nor you are to blame. 他和你都不應(yīng)該受責(zé)備。 Is neither he nor you to blame? 他和你都不應(yīng)該受責(zé)備嗎 例： 5. —Leo, ______no milk or eggs in the fridge. --Oh, I’ll go and buy some right away. A.it is B.there is C.there are 6. ____ either of your parents come to see you recently?　 A. Have B. Had C. Has D. Is 7. ____ either he or I to attend the mass meeting this evening？ A. is B. am C. are D. be 8. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students.　 A.are B.am C.is D.was 9. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters., A.are; are B.am; am C.am; are D.is; is 3. 主語是：介詞with, without, except, but, besides, plus, as well as, along with, together with, rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to, in, out of等所連接的兩個名詞時，謂語動詞的形式應(yīng)與這些詞前面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。如： The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students. At the meeting, one in four is against the decision. 會上由四分之一的人反對這一決議。 The teacher with his students is discussing a question. 老師和學(xué)生們在討論問題 例： 10. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.　 A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study 11. Alice, together with two boys, ____ for having broken the rule. A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished 12. All but Dick ______ in Class Three this term. A. are B. is C. was D. were 13. No one except two students ______ the meeting. A. has been late for B. have been late for C. was late for D. were late for 4. 例： 14. Each of the books ______ a red cover. A. have B. has C. is D. are 15. Every boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.　　 A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like 5. 例： 16. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English.　　 A. is B. are C. was D. were 17. The Olympic Games ____ held every ____ years. A.is; four B.are; four C.is; five D.are; five 6. 例： 18. —David has been away for more than 25 days. --I miss him very much. You know, 25 days _______ short. A.is B.isn’t C.are D.aren’t 7. 主語是：who, what, which, all, more, most, some, any, none時，謂語動詞的形式須依具體情況而定 (1) Who’s the girl over there? 那邊的那個女孩是誰？ (2) Who are the boys playing games there? 在那里做游戲的男孩子是哪些人？ (3) What’s this? 這是什么？ (4) What are those? 哪些是什么？ (5) Which is yours? 哪一個是你的？ (6) Which are children’s? 哪一些是孩子們的？ 8. 例： 19. In our school library, there ____ a number of books on science and the number of them _____ growing larger and larger. A.is; are B.are; is C.have; is 9. a lot of, lots of，百分比of +名詞 注：kind of, type of, pair of+名詞時，謂語動詞的形式須依照kind, type, amount, pair, quantity的數(shù)而確定 10. a + 名詞單數(shù) + or two A worker or two is going to be sent to work abroad. 一兩個工人將被派往國外去工作 例： 20. Half of the fruit ____ bad.　 A. are B. has C. is D. have 21. Sixty percent of the work ______ been done. A. have B. is C. has D. are 22. ____ of the money ____ given out. A. Three-fifth; has B. Three-fifth; has been 　 C. Three-fifths; has D. Three-fifths; have 23. Many a student ______ the importance of learning a foreign language well. A. have realized B. has realized C. have been realized D. has been realized 24. More than one member ____ against the plan. 　 A. is B.are C.has D.have 11. 12. 13. 注：主語是means, works, sheep, fish, Japanese, Chinese等名詞時，謂語動詞的形式須依照它們在句中的意義來確定 (1) Every means has been tried but we can’t save him. 每一種方法我們都是用過了，但是我們還是救不了他。 (2) All the means have been tried but we can’t save him. 所有的方法我們都是用過了，但是我們還是救不了他 例： 25. The following ____ some other examples.　 A. are B. is C. was D. were 26. Mathematics ____ the language of science.　 A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be 27. Every means ____ tried but without any result.　 A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been 28. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published. A. has been B.have been C.was D.is 29. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ to be built here. A. are B. were C. is D. will 30. Plastics _______ many other materials. A. has taken place of B. has taken the place of C. are in place of D. is instead of 14. 例： 31. Your trousers ____ dirty. You must have ____ washed. 　 A.is; is B.are; it C.are; them D.is; them 32. This pair of trousers ____ too long for him. A.is B.be C.are D.were 15. one and a half + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語，即名詞超過一，但不滿二，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 One and a half oranges is enough for the baby. 這個孩子有一個半桔子就夠了 16. 17. 例： 33. One and a half bananas ____ left on the table. A.is B.are C.has D.have 34. There is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.　 A.have B.has C. have been D.has been 35. He is the only one of die students who ____ elected.　　 A. are B.have C.has D.is 18. 19. 注：1. 主語是the population時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如： (1) What is the population of your town? 你們鎮(zhèn)的人口多少？ (2) The population of America is a little over two hundred million. 美國人口數(shù)大約是兩億多一點。 2.主語是“分?jǐn)?shù) + population”時，謂語動詞常用第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： About eighty percent of the population in our country are farmers. 例： 36. The police ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. A. is searching for B. were searching for 　 C. are searching for D. were searching 37. His family ____ a big one. Now the family ____ watching TV. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are 38. The population of China ____ larger than that of any other country in the world.　 A.is B.are C.has D.have 39. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants.　 A.was B.is C. would be D.are 20. 例： 40. The young ______ the vital forces in our society. A. is B. has been C. are D. have been 41. I don’t think the poor _______ poor. A. are always B. always are C. is always D. always is 21. 主語是句子、短語 （1）主語是非謂語動詞短語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如： Reading is of much help for learning a language. 閱讀對學(xué)語言很有幫助。 To keep on doing morning exercises is good. (= It is good to keep on doing morning exercises. ) 堅持做早操很有好處。 （2）主語是從句時，謂語動詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，如： Why he was absent yesterday is being questioned. 他昨天為什么沒來正在詢問之中。 Where we can get so much money is still a problem. 我們到哪里去弄這么多錢還是個問題。 但what，who引導(dǎo)的從句做主語時，當(dāng)指具體的東西或人時，謂語動詞的形式必須根據(jù)具體的意思而定 What I want are these things. （3）在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It + be + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分 + that / who …”中，be總是用單數(shù)形式；that / who后的謂語動詞的形式必須跟被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。如： It was Lin Tao who called you just now. 剛才給你打電話的就是林濤。 It is you that are going to be invited to the party. 只有你將被邀請去參加聚會 （4）定語從句中謂語動詞的形式必須跟先行詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致。如： The girl who is speaking on the stage is Zhang Li’s sister. The children that are playing games over there are from Hunan. 注：在“one of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + 定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句的謂語動詞一般用第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)形式，但當(dāng)one前面有the, the very, the less, the only或形容詞最高級修飾時，定語從句的謂語動詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，如： Li Lei is one of the students who are good at English. 李蕾是英語學(xué)得好的學(xué)生之一。 Alice is the only one of the girls that is from America. 艾利斯是唯一的一個來美國的女孩 例： 42. Climbing hills ______ of great help to our health. A.was B.were C.is D.are 43. Early to bed and early to rise ____ a good habit.　 A. are B. is C. were D. was 44. What we need ____ good textbooks.　　 A.is B.are C.have D.has 45. What you said just now ____ the matter we are discussing. A.have something to at B. has something to do with C.had something to do with D.has been something to do with 46. I, who ____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.　　 A.am B.is C.are D.be 47. She is the only one among the _____ writers who ______ stories for children. A. woman, writes B. women, write C. women, writes D. woman, write （三）注意事項 例： 48. Everyone I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks 49. "All ____ present and all ____ going on well," our monitor said. A.is; is B.are; are C.are; is D.is; are 50. Both rice and wheat ____ grown in that country. A. is B. are C. was D. has 例： 51. Three fourths of the bread _____ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _____ left on the table. A. was eaten, were B. were eaten, was C. were eaten, were D. was eaten, was 52. The whole class ____ the teacher attentively. A. are listening to B. is listening to 　 C. are listening D. is listening clothes, compasses, goods, glasses, trousers, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves 例： 53. Eight times eight ____ sixty-four.　 A.is B.are C.get D.equal 歸納小結(jié) 通過這節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí)能讓學(xué)生掌握 1. 了解動詞的分類幾個字的語法功能，注意動詞的語法意義、詞性變化、人稱和數(shù)的一致，區(qū)分近義動詞 2. 能夠正確運(yùn)用各種動詞及動詞詞組 注：對于本節(jié)課學(xué)生掌握不到位的知識點，下節(jié)課會通過部分題目加強(qiáng)練習(xí)。 課外練習(xí) 附件1：《學(xué)生能力提升課外訓(xùn)練題》： 一、穩(wěn)健起跑（基礎(chǔ)題） 二、智慧加速（培優(yōu)題） 三、頂峰呼喚（拔尖題） 簽 名 學(xué)生簽名： 2016年 月 日 教師簽名： 2016年 月 日 教 學(xué) 反 思 學(xué)生能力提升課外訓(xùn)練題 一、單項選擇 1. There some milk in the glass. A. is B. are C. be D. has 2. --Have you got some water to drink? --Here you are. There _____ still some in the bottle. A. are B. has C. is D. have 3. Here ____ a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you. 　 A. are B. is C. was D. were 4. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. 　 A.are B.is C.has D.have 5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home.　 A.am B.is C.are D.be 6. A large number of students in our class ____ girls. 　 A. are B. was C. is D. be 7. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are. A. doesn' t change B. don't change C. change D. changed 8. --The number of the students in our class ______ fifty-six. –How many of _______ are girls? A. is, them B. are, them C. is, they D. are, they 9. How time flies! Three years ______ really a short time. A. is B. are C. was D. were 10. Ten minutes ____ an hour when one is waiting for a phone call.　　 A.seems B.seem C.seemed D.seemes 11. The United States of America ______ one of the most developed countries in the world. A.is B.are C.was D.were 12. They both have some friends; but his ____ more active.　 A. is B. will be C. was D. are 13. Either he or I ____ to attend the mass meeting this evening. A. is B. am C. are D. be 14. She as well as her brother ____ a League member. 　 A. are B. were C. will D. is 15. Not only his parents but also his brother ______ to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone 16. Neither my father ______ going to see the patient. A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is 17. All but him and me ______ to the exhibition. A. am going B. is going C. are going D. was going 18. Every man, woman and child ________ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world. A. knows B. know C. is known D. are known 19. A chemical works ____ built there. A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been 20. My family ____ small. 　 A. is B. were C. are D. makes 21. More than 60% of the students ____ the countryside. A. is B. are C. is from D. are from 22. A quarter of the workers ______ from Gansu. A. is B. are C. be D. being 23. Many a man ____ the novel. 　 A. has read B. have read C. is read D. are read 24. The rich ____ not always happy.　 A.are B.is C.has D.have 25. Tom is the only one of the students who ____ going to swim this afternoon.　 A. is B. was C. are D. were 26. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet. A. has not decided B. is not decided　 C. are not decided D. have not decided 27. To play basketball and to go swimming ____ useful for character-training. A. was B. is C. are D. were 28. It is I who ____ going to attend the meeting tomorrow. A. is B. am C. are D. be 29. –He, together with his parents _______ going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you? –I’m afraid I have to stay at home _______. A. are, on my own B. is, by myself C. is, by my own D. are, on myself 30. Robert with his two kids _______ to the beach for vacation every year. A. go B. goes C. went D. are going 31. –What ______ the number of the students in your school? –About two thousand. A number of them ______ from England. A. is, are B. is, is C. are, is D. are, are 32. The whole box of matches ________ wet. We can’t light any one. A. is B. are C. was D. were 33. A library with five thousand books _______ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has suffered C. are offered D. have offered 34. Many a student ______ that mistake before. A. had made B. has been made C. have made D. has made 35. None of the money ______ his. A. is B. are C. belong to D. were 36. About three fifths of the work _______ done yesterday. A. had B. was C. were D. have 37. Neither your sister nor mine ______ the good news. Let’s tell them. A. know B. knows C. knew 38. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ______ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 二、完形填空 One day a rich woman lost her purse with a lot of money in it. So she made a   1 .“ If anybody finds my purse and   2   it to me. I’ll give half the money to him.” A poor man   3   the purse near a shop. He sent it back to the woman, but the rich woman   4 .“ There was an expensive ring in my purse besides money,” said the woman, “I won’t give you half the money in my purse until you return it to me.” “But I’ve never seen an expensive ring in   5   purse, ”said the man. They began to quarrel. The man became  6  and took her to a judge（法官）.  7   the judge heard  what had happened to them, he said to the woman,“ I’m sure that you have lost a purse, and there is an  expensive ring in it. But there is   8   a lot of money in this purse. So I don’t think it’s yours.  9    some time. Maybe somebody will give your purse back.” Then the judge   10   to the man and said,“Take the purse home. If the owner doesn’t come to get it back in two days, it will be yours.” 1. A.    face      B.    mistake       C.    promise       D.    conversation 2. A.    gets        B.    shows           C.    points        D.    returns 3. A.    had        B.    knew           C.    heard         D.    found 4. A.    kept her word     B.    change her mind     C.    tried her best     D.    pulled her down 5. A.    your        B.    her              C.    his       D.    my 6. A.    sad      B.    angry            C.    excited        D.    worried 7. A.    Before      B.    Though          C.    After          D.    If 8. A.    only         B.    truly            C.    nearly      D.    really 9. A.    Wait for     B.    Listen to     C.    Look after     D.    Talk about 10. A.    ran      B.    came            C.    went           D.    turned