英語模塊7Unit1 單詞講解

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1、word M7U1 1.keep/ stay in touch with 與...保持聯(lián)絡(luò) I try to keep in touch with current events by reading the newspapers.我經(jīng)常讀報來了解時事. We'll get in touch as soon as we know the results of the test.　Can I have your phone number in case I need to get in touch with you?in touch withAre you still in touch

2、with John ? I'm in close touch with Anna. I lost touch with Julie after we moved.　I can put you in touch with a local photography club. I'm out of touch with modern medicine.2.evaluationn. ?估價; 賦值; 評價 We need to carry out a proper evaluation of the new system.　They took some samples(樣本) of produ

3、cts for evaluation. evaluatev. ?評估, 賦值, 評價 You should be able to evaluate your own work.　We need to evaluate the success of the campaign.　It can be difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments. 3.drawback n. ?不利點 Everything has its drawback.事事不免有缺點。 The main drawback to it is

4、 the cost. This is the one major drawback of the new system. It's a great city - the only drawback is the weather. 4.principlen. ?原如此; 主義; 原理; 信條 I refuse to lie about it; it's against my principles. It's against my principles to accept gifts from clients(客戶). Stick to your principles and tel

5、l him you won't do it. There are three fundamental principles of teamwork. It's not just a matter of principle. He has high moral principles. He considered himself to be a man of principle. in principle根本上：與根本原如此有關(guān)地： In principle, the new software should make the accounting system a lot simple

6、r. 5.delay n. ?耽擱, 遲滯v. ?延緩; 耽擱; 使延期; a delay of two hours / a two-hour delay There was a delay of thirty minutes before the flight left. (The flight left after a thirty - minute delay .) 這次航班起航前耽誤了30分鐘。 We apologize for the delay in answering your letter. delay in doing sth Please excuse

7、 my delay in replying. without delay 毫不耽擱 Report it to the police without delay (= immediately). I hope that discussions will take place without delay. delaysb or sth The passengers were delayed for an hour. The bus was delayed by a cloudburst.由于大暴雨，公共汽車來遲了。 The opening of this section of th

8、e road is delayed until September. delay doing He delayed telling her the news, waiting for the right moment. They had delayed having children, for the usual reason, to establish their careers. Big panies often delay paying their bills. 6.accessible adj. ?易受影響的, 易接近的, 可進(jìn)入的, 可理解的，易相處的 Is this a

9、 town accessible by rail? 這是有鐵路通達(dá)的城鎮(zhèn)嗎？ The island is only accessible by boat. sth be(easily/readily )accessible to sb These documents are not accessible to the public. This is a programme making science more accessible to young people. puters should be made readily accessible to teachers and pu

10、pils. The buses in our city are not actually wheelchair accessible. I had to keep the video camera readily accessible in case I saw something that needed to be fThis device helps make virtual reality a more usable and accessible technology. ilmed.我得把攝像機(jī)準(zhǔn)備好備用萬一我看到要拍攝的東西。 This device helps make vir

11、tual reality a more usable and accessible technology. Although the earth contains extremely large mineral deposits, some of these are not easily accessible. 雖然地球上蘊藏著極大的礦產(chǎn)資源,但是有些礦產(chǎn)又不容易開采。 I think that you'll find she's very accessible. Their goal was to make adult education more accessible. acces

12、s n. ?接近; 使用; 進(jìn)入的權(quán)利, 接近的機(jī)會; 門路, 通道, 入口; 病菌的侵入; 允許進(jìn)入一個電腦系統(tǒng)和/或承受資料 (計算機(jī)用語)v. ?取出; 接近; 使用 access to The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. An elevator (電梯) provides access to the upper floors.There is easy access to the downtown area by subway(地鐵). Disabled visitors are wele; there

13、is good wheelchair access to most facilities(s設(shè)施). They have a villa with easy access to the sea. have access to Most students in the school can have access to the large source of the library. gain/get access(to) The police managed to gain access (to the flat)through an upstairs window. Some g

14、roups still have difficulty gaining access to social services. 7.distributev. ?分發(fā); 散布; 分配 He showed us how to distribute the paint evenly over the wall. …將漆均勻地刷在墻上。 distribute sth (to / among sb/sth) The newspaper is distributed free. In the 19th century the government distributed land to settl

15、ers willing to cultivate it.在19世紀(jì)，政府將土地分發(fā)給愿意耕種的定居者。 The organization distributed food and blankets to the earthquake victims. The money was distributed among schools in the poor area. Some people were shouting slogans(口號) and distributing leaflets(分發(fā)傳單). The police have been watching the man di

16、stributing leaflets to passers-by for a long time. In the move(搬家), most of their furniture was left to their neighbours or distributed among friends. be widely(廣泛)/evenly (均勻)distributed Make sure the weight of the load is evenly distributed .(放勻) This species of dolphin is widely distributed

17、throughout the world.　The population is distributed in a very uneven pattern. distributionn. ?分配; 配給物; 分發(fā) Some people feel angry about the unfair distribution of wealth among/to the people in the world. The map shows the distribution of this species(物種) across the world. They studied the geogr

18、aphical distribution of the disease. 8.wind n. ?風(fēng), 氣味, 氣息v. ?上發(fā)條, 蜿蜒, 纏繞(wound ,wound)a winding path At last, They came to a river winding through a valley.…在山谷中蜿蜒的河流. The path wound down to the beach. The road winds uphill. wind one’s way蜿蜒前進(jìn) The river winds its way between two meadows. H

19、ighway 99 winds its way along the coast.He wound(繞) the wool into a ball. Wind the bandage(繃帶) around your finger. Give the handle another couple of winds. wind sth up搖上， 上發(fā)條，完畢，處理 Could you wind the window up, please? He had forgotten to wind his watch (up). OK, just to wind up完畢, could I summ

20、arize what we've decided? wind sth down 搖下 Will you please wind down the window of the car ? 9.ponentn. ?零件, 組成整件局部的單件; 構(gòu)成要素; 成分 the ponents of a machine key ponents of the government's plan Trust is a vital ponent in any relationship. Enriched uranium is a key ponent of a nuclear weap

21、on.濃縮鈾是核武器的重要構(gòu)成局部。 key/major/important… ponentExercise is one of the key ponents of a healthy lifestyle. (pose, vt. ?組成, 寫作, 作曲, 使平靜 be posed of由構(gòu)成, position作曲，作文) 10.storage n. ?存儲器, 保管, 儲藏 food storage facilities食物儲藏器data storage數(shù)據(jù)存儲 the storage of information There's a lot of storage space i

22、n the loft(閣樓). The table can be folded flat for easy storage. They moved to a house with lots of storage space. The area underneath(地下) provides useful storage. in storage收藏，存儲I put some of my things in storage. The collection has been in storage for decades.這集子收藏幾十年了。 When we moved we had to

23、put our furniture in storage for a while. storen. ?商店, 倉庫, 貯藏v. ?儲存, 供給, 貯藏 Thousands of pieces of data are stored in a puter's memory. in store(for sb) 即將降臨There's a real treat in store for you this Christmas! As we left, I wondered what the future would be in store for us. 11.foreseev. ?預(yù)見;

24、預(yù)知(predict) foresee sth The disaster could not have been foreseen. foresee thatFew analysts foresaw that oil prices would rise so steeply(sharply). I foresee that there will be problems.我預(yù)料[認(rèn)為]會有問題。 Maybe nobody can foresee what will happen in the future. No one could have foreseen (that) thin

25、gs would turn out this way. I foresee we shall be very good friends.我想,咱們一定可以成為好朋友的。 He could never have foreseen that one day his books would sell in millions. 12.adaptation n. ?適應(yīng); 改寫本; 改編; 適應(yīng)作用, 適應(yīng)性的變化 (one’s) adaptation to sth對…的適應(yīng) We are surprised at the adaptation of desert species to th

26、e hot conditions. He made a quick adaptationto the new environment.他很快適應(yīng)了新的環(huán)境。 The play is an adaptation of a short novel.這部戲劇是一部短篇小說的改編本. He's working on a screen adaptation of his latest novel.他正在改寫他的最新小說搬上屏幕。 The television adaptation of the stage play was very successful. adaptv. ?使適應(yīng), 使適合;

27、 改建; 改編, 改寫; adapt a novel to the stage把小說改編為戲劇 an adapted novel/film/play… adapt…to sth使…適應(yīng)adapt one's thinking to the new situation使思想適應(yīng)新形勢 Can you adapt yourself to a new job?你能適應(yīng)新的工作嗎? The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school. It took him a while to adapt himself

28、to his new surroundings. They have been tightening their belts for months, adapting themselves to a war economy.幾個月來他們一直勒緊腰帶以適應(yīng)戰(zhàn)時經(jīng)濟(jì)。 Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. adapt sth to do sthThe car has been adapted to take unleaded(無鉛的)gas. These styles can

29、 be adapted to suit individual tastes. She lives in a specially adapted(改建的) flat.The young man drives a specially adapted car. adaptable ?adj. ?能適應(yīng)新環(huán)境的; 適合的; 適應(yīng)性強的; 可改編的 ?adj. ?懷疑論的, 不可知論的; 懷疑的, 多疑的; 懷疑某某教條的 He felt himself too cultured and sceptical.他覺得自己既很有教養(yǎng),又富于懷疑精神. This is a sceptical age

30、.這是一個懷疑一切的時代。 be sceptical of/about I'm rather sceptical about their sympathy for the poor.他們聲稱同情窮人,我對此有些懷疑. I am sceptical about his chances(可能) of winning. The public remain sceptical of these claims(說法). I'm extremely sceptical about what I read in the press(新聞). highly/deeply skeptical非

31、常懷疑 He is highly sceptical of the reforms. scepticism/skepticismn. ?懷疑論, 懷疑主義 14.ample adj. ?豐富的; 充足的 (enough /large…) They had ample food for the party; (They had an ample supply of food).他們有為晚會準(zhǔn)備的充足的食物;充足供給。 ample proportions相當(dāng)大的比例 ample opportunity / evidence / space / proof/time/roo

32、m …, There is ample evidence to prove his guilt. There was ample time to get to the airport. Ample free parking is available. 15.casual adj. ?偶然的, 便裝的, 不經(jīng)意的n. ?臨時工人; 便鞋; 便裝 a casual remark; 即席評論casual ine臨時收入casual employment臨時雇用 This is only the information collected by casual methods in th

33、eir spare time這只是他們在閑暇時間隨意收集的信息。 Kids today lean toward casual clothes. 今天的孩子傾向于穿隨便的衣服。 Never speak to the elders in such a casual manner. He tried to sound casual, but I knew he was worried. They have a casual attitude towards safety (= they don't care enough). It's difficult for me to be cas

34、ual about anything. casually adv They chatted casually on the phone. She likes to be dressed casually in jeans and T-shirt 16.insurance n. ?保險, 保險費, 保險業(yè)，保障措施 People’s insurance pany of China (PICC) life / car / travel / household… insurance an insurance pany/group …保險公司/集團(tuán) the insuran

35、ce industry保險業(yè) My sister-in-law works in insurance. When her husband died, she received 40 0,000 dollars in insurance. Most people would like to buy insurance against loss of ine due to unemployment insurance on/forHow much is the insurance on your car? Do you have insurance on your house and i

36、ts contents? claim (for) sth on your insurance　We can probably claim the damage on our insurance. Can you claim for the loss on your insurance?…依據(jù)保險索賠 insure (ensure)?v. ?保險, 確保; 投保險The car is insured against fire and theft. Please ensure (that) all lights are switched off. 17.obvious adj. ?明顯

37、的, 顯然的, 明白的 For obvious reasons, I'd prefer not to give my name. There's no obvious solution to the problem. The obvious way of reducing pollution is to use cars less. The most obvious example of an information source is a dictionary. The obvious thing is to speak to her before you make a decis

38、ion. It is obvious (that)很顯然 It was obvious that Gina was lying. It is obvious to everyone that the child has been badly treated(maltreated). state the obvious 講眾所周知的道理You have a talent for stating the obvious. To state the obvious, if we don't take precautions(預(yù)防措施) now, we'll suffer for it

39、later. obviously adv.〔副詞〕obviousness n [U] 18.scann. ?細(xì)看; 掃描, 粗略一看; 審視; 瀏覽v. ?細(xì)看; 掃描; 粗略地看; 審視; 瀏覽; She scanned his face anxiously.She scanned through the newspaper over breakfast. All luggage has to be scanned at the airport. Their brains are scanned so that researchers can monitor the progre

40、ss of the disease. Text and pictures can be scanned into the puter. She was nervous and kept scanning the crowd for Paul. I had a quick scan down the guest list but couldn't see my name. He was rushed to hospital for a brain scan. 19.elegant adj. ?文雅的; 雅致的; 端莊的 elegant handwriting優(yōu)雅的筆跡an elega

41、nt dark suit有風(fēng)度的黑色套裝 an elegant dress飄逸的連衣裙an elegant room / restaurant典雅的房間飯店 a tall, elegant young woman You can dine in elegant surroundings . an elegant solution to the problem聰慧而簡單的解決方法　elegance n [U]: She dresses with casual elegance. His writing bines elegance and wit(智慧) elegantly adv:

42、 elegantly dressed The house is elegantly furnished .房子布置典雅講究。 He leaned elegantly against the door. 20.vote n. ?投票, 選票, 選舉v. ?投票, 選舉; 投票選舉, 公認(rèn), 投票決定 In China, everyone has got the right to vote.vote for/ in favour of / against 投贊成/反對票I voted for the Labour candidate (候選人)in the last election.

43、 vote on 就…投票表決 They had finally been given a chance to vote on the issue(問題). vote to do sth投票表決 Congress(國會) voted to increase foreign aid by 10%. It's the club secretary that counts the votes(數(shù)票) . 21.reject v. ?拒絕, 抵制; 駁回; 去除, 丟棄; 否決; n.廢品，拋棄物 reject an argument / a claim / a decis

44、ion / an offer / a suggestion… Sarah rejected her brother's offer of help. The proposal was firmly rejected. The prime minister rejected any idea of reforming the system. It's obvious why his application was rejected. I feel terribly depressed that I've been rejected by all the universities I a

45、pplied to. Her body has already rejected two kidneys.(排異) When her husband left home she felt rejected and useless. Children feel abandoned or rejected if they don't see their parents regularly.reject sth as sth認(rèn)為…而拒絕 Gibson rejected the idea as absurd. reject n. He has a shop selling chea

46、p rejectsThey felt that they were society's rejects. rejectionn. a rejection letter painful feelings of rejection The patient has to take a special drug which stops rejection of transplanted (移植的)organs. rejected clothes/a rejected request… 22.oppose v. ?反對, 使對抗, 使對立; 反對 opposesth /op

47、pose doing sth This party would bitterly oppose the re-introduction of the death penalty(死刑). He found himself opposed by his own deputy(代表). I would oppose changing the law. Congress is continuing to oppose the President's healthcare budget(財政預(yù)算). Many parents oppose bilingual education(雙語教學(xué)

48、) in schools. He is opposed by two other candidates.他和其他兩位選手競爭。 fiercely /bitterly… oppose強烈反對 Plans to drill(鉆)for oil in the Arctic(北極) region are fiercely opposed by conservationists(環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者). opposer?n.〔名詞〕反對者 opposition (to sth)n. ?反對, 相反, 敵對 23.valid adj. ?有確實根據(jù)的, 正當(dāng)?shù)? 有效的 a valid argu

49、ment; 合理的論點a valid contract; 有效的合同a valid license.有效的執(zhí)照 a valid ID carda valid passport有效的護(hù)照a valid credit card a valid date and time有效的日期和時間 Your return ticket is valid for three months. Police officers must have a valid(正當(dāng)?shù)?reason for stopping motorists. validity /v??l?d?ti/ n [U] I would qu

50、estion the validity of that statement. invalidadj. ?無效的; 作廢的; 沒用的; 生病的, 非法的; 程序不知道的, (計算機(jī)用語) 24.circumstance n. ?環(huán)境, 事件, 狀況 The pany reserves the right to cancel this agreement in certain circumstances.公司保存在某種情況下取消協(xié)議的權(quán)利。 Police said there were no suspicious circumstances surrounding the boy's d

51、eath.警察說孩子的死因無可疑情況。 I wouldn't have expected to find you in such happy circumstances.我沒料到會在這么開心的情形下遇到你們。 Under the circumstances(在這種情況下), a crash was unavoidable. In the circumstances(在這種情況下), Pierre’s plans looked highly appropriate. I can't imagine a circumstance in which(where) I would be will

52、ing to steal. under/in no circumstances在任何情況下都不，絕不(在句首要用倒裝句) She made it clear that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip. Under no circumstances are you allowed to leave the house. economic/financial/personal … circumstances　Whether or not you can get a loan(貸款) will depend on your f

53、inancial circumstances. Can you imagine people living in difficult social circumstances?你能想象人們生活在困難社 會處境下嗎？ 25.merely adv. ?只是, 不過, 僅僅 … He said nothing, merely(only) smiled and watched her. They agreed to go merely(only) because they were getting paid for it. I'm merely(only) stating(陳述

54、) what everybody knows anyway. Francis was far from being merely a furniture expert. 〔Francis遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不只是一個家具專家.〕 He's merely (only)a boy - you can't expect too much of him He merely(just) shrugged and walked away. not merely不僅僅 It's not merely a matter of cost, but whether she's old enough to go on h

55、oliday alone. 26.typical adj. ?典型的, 象征性的 She is a typical American girl with blond hair ,white skin and big blue eyes. be typical of 是典型的…This meal is typical of local cooking. The weather at the moment is not typical for(對于) July. This is not typical of Chinese, but is a feature (特點)of Cant

56、onese(某某話). It is typical of sb to do sth做某事是某人的風(fēng)格，某人一貫如此 It's not typical of Gill to be so particular about food. 吃飯如此挑剔不是Gill的特點。 It is typical of Tom to let us wait for him. 27.sacrificen. ? 祭品; 犧牲; 獻(xiàn)祭; v. ?犧牲; 賠本出售; 獻(xiàn)出; 獻(xiàn)祭; They offered sacrifices to God. a human sacrifice (= a person ki

57、lled as a sacrifice) The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality(不犧牲質(zhì)量…). She brought three children up alone, often at great personal sacrifice. make sacrifices作犧牲Her parents made sacrifices so that she could have a good education. In war times , many people

58、were willing to make any sacrifice for peace. He sacrificed himself and so saved his country. sacrifice sth for sthA Labour government chose to sacrifice defence for welfare. sacrifice sth to do sthHe sacrificed a promising career to look after his kids.28.stableadj. ?穩(wěn)定的, 結(jié)實的; 可靠的, 穩(wěn)重的, 可信賴的; 平穩(wěn)

59、的; 堅決的 a stable ladder/stable peace/ a stable relationship/stable prices/ a stable marriage /stable employment The situation in the country has remained relatively stable for a few months now. Children benefit from stable relationships within the family unit. in a stable conditionHe is said to

60、be in a stable condition in hospital. 29.for good measure:in addition to the minimum required /as an extra 作為額外增添, 另外 In addition to dessert, they serve fruit for goodmeasure .除了甜點心外,他們再加上水果 . He sold me the house at a cheap price and included the garagefor goodmeasure.他以廉價的價格把房子賣給了我,外加車庫。 30.r

61、id(rid, rid) v. ?使免除; 從...去除; 使擺脫 rid sb/s.p. of sth使…擺脫,去除 rid sb(oneself) of fear / guilt / pain…He struggled to rid himself of his fears. Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime. He wanted to rid himself of the burden of the secret. The proposals are an attempt to rid

62、the country of political corruption(腐敗). The new vaccine(疫苗) may rid the world of one of its most terrifying diseases. get rid of 擺脫,消除 get rid of poverty/economic depression/ inequality/injustice/ crime… Governments should be encouraged to get rid of all nuclear weapons. I can't get rid of this cough.　He opened the windows to get rid of the smell. be rid of擺脫She wanted to be rid of her parents and their authority(權(quán)威). I was glad to be rid of the car when I finally sold it. He was a nuisance(令人討厭的人) and we're all well rid of him. 9 / 9