（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 推理判斷題 二 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版

《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 推理判斷題 二 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 推理判斷題 二 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版（20頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、二、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題 (2018·浙江，C) Asculturalsymbolsgo，theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago，withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline(裝配線) onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem. ModernAmeric

2、awasbornontheroad，behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture：theroadsidediner，thebillboard，themotel，eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury，thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel，theroadmovie，thesearethemosttypicalAmer

3、icanideas，bornofabundantpetrol，cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem，thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory. In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen，thissocietyhasmovedonward，neverlookingback，asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocie

4、tyintoanindustrialpower. ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990. Theproblemsofexcessive(過(guò)度的) energyconsumption，climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefea

5、rstheworst，buthopesforthebest. Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經(jīng)濟(jì))isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign，buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater，cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.” 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。其主題是“人與社會(huì)”，介紹了美國(guó)經(jīng)典的“汽車文化”，它

6、對(duì)美國(guó)各方面的影響是巨大而深遠(yuǎn)的。汽車給美國(guó)人民帶來(lái)便利的同時(shí)，也帶來(lái)了很多問(wèn)題，例如能源的過(guò)度消耗、氣候變化以及污染等。素材的選擇旨在向考生傳遞一種科學(xué)的世界觀：看待事物一定要一分為二，分析利弊，趨利避害，利用事物好的方面為人類服務(wù)。 28.WhyishamburgermentionedinParagraph2? A.ToexplainAmericans’lovefortravellingbycar. B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture. C.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmerican

7、s. D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica’sroadsystem. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture...eventhehamburger.”可知，汽車塑造了某些最持久的美國(guó)文化，其中就包括漢堡。由此可知，汽車對(duì)于漢堡文化的形成，影響是非常大的。所以，在第二段中提及漢堡，就是為了表明汽車對(duì)于美國(guó)文化有相當(dāng)大的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。 29.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto? A.Declineofe

8、conomy. B.Environmentalproblems. C.Ashortageofoilsupply. D.Afarm-basedsociety. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.”可知，驅(qū)動(dòng)美國(guó)夢(mèng)的汽車導(dǎo)致了全球性的生態(tài)災(zāi)難，即汽車的使用引起了環(huán)境問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。 30.WhatisFriedman’sattitudetowardsAmerica’sfuture? A.Ambiguous. B.Doubt

9、ful. C.Hopeful. D.Tolerant. 答案　C 解析　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經(jīng)濟(jì)) isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.”可知，F(xiàn)riedman認(rèn)為綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)是使美國(guó)保持實(shí)力的一個(gè)機(jī)遇。由此可知，他對(duì)美國(guó)的未來(lái)充滿了希望。故選C項(xiàng)。 一、題型解讀 所謂作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，就是表達(dá)作者對(duì)某個(gè)話題、行為、事件的看法、感覺(jué)或判斷。作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度一般分為三大類：支持、贊同、樂(lè)觀；客觀、中立；反對(duì)、批評(píng)、懷疑、悲觀。作者的這種思想傾向和感情色彩往往隱含在文章的字里

10、行間。因此，在推斷過(guò)程中，應(yīng)特別注意文中作者的措辭，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞或副詞。此類試題往往讓考生推斷文章作者或文中人物對(duì)某事所持的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)或看法，或推斷文中人物的語(yǔ)氣、性格等。設(shè)問(wèn)形式常有： 1.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowards...? 2.Whatistheauthor’sopinionon...? 3.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabout...? 二、解題技巧——“忠于措辭”定選項(xiàng) 1.文章作者或文中人物對(duì)某事物所持的觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度往往隱含在文章的字里行間或流露于修飾詞之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辭。 (1)正確掌握字

11、里行間所隱含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)代替作者或文中人物的觀點(diǎn)。 (2)留意那些描寫所處氛圍的語(yǔ)言及表達(dá)情感、態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)或句子。 (3)結(jié)合平時(shí)所積累的有關(guān)英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的文化傳統(tǒng)、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等的背景知識(shí)來(lái)進(jìn)行合理的推斷。 (4)關(guān)注首段首尾句，推斷文章主題，確定作者觀點(diǎn)。 2.要分清選項(xiàng)中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反對(duì)或否定的詞語(yǔ)，再以此對(duì)照文章內(nèi)容。下面是一些常見的有關(guān)作者情感、態(tài)度的詞語(yǔ)： (1)表示支持或肯定的詞語(yǔ) favorable贊同的，有利的；positive積極的，肯定的，確實(shí)的；supportive支持的；approval贊成，正式批準(zhǔn)；reasonable合

12、理的；enthusiastic熱情的等。 (2)表示反對(duì)或否定的詞語(yǔ) critical批評(píng)的；negative否定的，消極的；disapproval不贊成；impractical不實(shí)際的；radical激進(jìn)的；prejudiced有成見的，偏頗的等。 例如：【真題感悟】中第30題，根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經(jīng)濟(jì)) isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.”可知，F(xiàn)riedman認(rèn)為綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)是使美國(guó)保持實(shí)力的一個(gè)機(jī)遇。由此可知，他對(duì)美國(guó)的未來(lái)充滿了希望。故選C項(xiàng)。 A (2019·如皋市高三

13、二模) Oursocietyisgenerallybecomingoneof6giantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall，well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages，Nell-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic，andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts；yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanha

14、sbecomepowerless，thatheisboredwithit.Infact，theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement. Theworkerandemployeeareanxious，notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob，butalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionof

15、interestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthe1fundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings. Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsome10resp

16、ects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob，theyaretestedfor2intelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofobedienceandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagain—bythepsychologists，forwhomtest

17、ingisabigbusiness，andbytheirsuperiors，whojudgetheirbehavior，sociability，capacitytogetalong，etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellowcompetitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress，theverycausesofunhappinessandillness. AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproduc

18、tionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism？Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhich

19、manandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend，andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文為說(shuō)明文。人們的工作和生活條件在逐漸變好，但人在社會(huì)中卻變得無(wú)足輕重。雇員憂慮的不僅是失業(yè)，還因?yàn)樗麄儫o(wú)法獲得生活的真正樂(lè)趣，生活在各種各樣的憂慮與壓力之中，才無(wú)幸?？裳?。因此作者建議將社會(huì)體系由一個(gè)以最大

20、限度的生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)為目的的官僚主義管理下的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系過(guò)渡到一個(gè)以充分發(fā)揮人的潛能為其全部社會(huì)工作之目的的人道主義產(chǎn)業(yè)體系。 1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis. A.anecessarypartthoughthefunctionofeachisinsignificant B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofsociety C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofsociety D.

21、anirreplaceablecomponentofsocietywhenworkingsmoothly 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。文章第一段指出，人成了社會(huì)大機(jī)器中微小的、潤(rùn)滑良好的齒輪，高工資和通風(fēng)良好的廠房便是潤(rùn)滑油，但事實(shí)上人是無(wú)能為力的，藍(lán)領(lǐng)工人和白領(lǐng)階層都是毫無(wú)自主權(quán)的經(jīng)濟(jì)傀儡。由此推斷，雖然工作生活條件不錯(cuò)，但人在社會(huì)中卻是無(wú)足輕重的，故選C。 2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat. A.theyaremorelikelytolosetheirpresentwork B.theyhavenor

22、ealsatisfactionorinterestinlife C.theyareconfrontedwiththefundamentalrealities D.theyaredeprivedofindividualityandindependence 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。文章第二段點(diǎn)明了工人和雇員憂慮的原因，分析上下文可知，其真正原因是情感與理智上獨(dú)立的個(gè)體、富有創(chuàng)造性的人的生存狀態(tài)被忽視，分析選項(xiàng)可知，A和B只是部分原因，不全面；C項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容相悖。故選D項(xiàng)。 3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelo

23、ngstothose. A.whoalwaysliveatthebottomofthesociety B.whotendtobehigherupintheirsocialstatus C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellowcompetitors D.whocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。由文章第二、三段可知，社會(huì)底層者、社會(huì)上層者和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的勝利者都無(wú)法脫離充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的生存環(huán)境，因而都生活在各種各樣的憂慮與壓力之中，所以都無(wú)幸?？裳裕挥羞h(yuǎn)離這個(gè)充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)的人才可能獲得幸福，故選D。

24、 4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof. A.approval B.dissatisfaction C.suspicion D.sensibility 答案　B 解析　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章最后一段提到，作者建議將社會(huì)體系由官僚主義下的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系過(guò)渡到人道主義的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，由此可知，作者對(duì)現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)業(yè)體系的態(tài)度是不滿的。dissatisfaction不滿意。故選B。 B (2019·南京高三三模) Babieshaveanastonishingtalentthatadultsentirely

25、lose.Bytheageofone，theycanrecognisethe3significantnoisesaroundthemandgroupthemintoalanguage.11Whenwehavelostthis7capacityasadults，itbecomesenormouslydifficultto4distinguishbetweensoundsthatareglaringlydifferenttoanativespeaker.ItallsoundsGreektous.Thisisbecausetherangeofpossiblesoundsthathumansuseto

26、conveymeaningmaybeashighas2,000，butfewlanguagesusemorethan100andeventhenthesignificantnoises—thephonemes(音素) ofalanguage—eachcoverarangeofsoundsandsovague5distinctionswhichwouldchangethemeaningofawordinotherlanguages. Butwheredothesephonemescomefromandwhydothey8shiftovertime？Newresearchsuggeststhat

27、theapparentlyarbitrarydistributionofsomesoundsaroundtheworldmaybepartiallyexplainedbydiet.Thisisunexpected.We’dratherthinkoflanguageastheproductofourthought，ratherthanofthearrangementofourteeth.9Inreality，though，anygivenlanguagemustbeboth. Huntergathererlanguagesseldomusethesoundsknownaslabiodental

28、s(唇齒音)—thosesuchasfandv—thataremadebytouchingthelowerlipwiththeupperteeth.OnlytwoofthehundredsofAustralianaboriginallanguagesusethem，forexample.Butinculturesthathavediscoveredfarming，theseconsonants(輔音) aremuchmorecommon.Theargumentgoesthatfarmerseatmorecookedfoodandmoredairythanhuntergatherers.Eith

29、erway，theyneedtochewmuchless，andtobitelesswiththeirfrontteeth.Sofarmersgrewupwithsmallerlowerjawsandmoreofanoverbitethantheirancestorswhohadtobitethroughharderfoods.Itbecameeasierforthemtomakethelabiodentalconsonantsinsteadofpurelylabial(唇音) ones：oneexampleisthatfcametotaketheplaceofp.Romanssaid“pat

30、er”butEnglishspeakers (unlessthey’reRees-Moggs) say“father”. Beyondtheseparticularchanges，thestoryhighlightsthewayinwhicheverythingdistinctivelyhumanisbothmaterialandspiritual：speechmustcombinesoundandmeaning，andthemeaningcan’texistorbetransmittedwithoutarealobject.Butneithercanitbereducedtothepure

31、lyphysical，asourinabilitytounderstandoreventorecogniseforeignlanguagesmakesclear.Thefoodweeatshapesourjaws，andourjawsinturnshapethesoundsofourlanguage.Theeasewithwhichweeatprobablyshapesourthoughttoo，asanyonewhohassufferedtoothachecouldtestify.12Whatweeatmayhaveshapedthesoundsofourlanguage，buthowwee

32、atchangeshowwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress.Afamilymealisverydifferentfromasandwichattheofficedesk，evenifthecalorieisthesame.FoodhaspurposesandmeaningsfarbeyondkeepingusaliveandpleasingthePalate (味覺(jué)). 語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要敘述了人們一直以來(lái)認(rèn)為語(yǔ)言是思想的產(chǎn)物，但是有新的研究表明飲食對(duì)于語(yǔ)言也會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些影響。且以f和v的發(fā)音為例，揭示了農(nóng)民們發(fā)“f”和“v”音的原因是他們喜歡吃

33、更多的熟食。同時(shí)這也強(qiáng)調(diào)了人類特有的一切都是物質(zhì)和精神的結(jié)合：語(yǔ)言必須把聲音和意義結(jié)合起來(lái)，沒(méi)有真實(shí)的物體，意義就不可能存在或傳播。 5.Comparedwithadults，babiescouldmoreeasily. A.createsignificantnoises B.classifytheformsofnoises C.understandtheGreeklanguage D.distinguishmeaningfulsounds 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Bytheageofone，theycanrecognizethesignificantn

34、oisesaroundthemandgroupthemintoalanguage.”可知，一歲的嬰兒和成人相比更能識(shí)別出周圍的重要聲音，故選D。 6.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingfactorshelpshapelanguage? A.Lipsandteeth. B.Jobsandhabits. C.Ageandregions. D.Foodandthinking. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容，尤其是其中的diet，productofthought和“Inreality，though，anygivenlangua

35、gemustbeboth.”可知，食物和思想都有助于塑造語(yǔ)言。因此答案選擇D。 7.Thereasonforfarmers’makingsoundsof“f”and“v”is. A.enjoyingmorecookedfoods B.bitingmorewithfrontteeth C.constantlychewingharderfoods D.growingupwithlagerlowerjaws 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theargumentgoesthatfarmerseatmorecookedfoodandmoredairythanhuntergat

36、herers.”可知，農(nóng)民比狩獵采集者吃更多的熟食和奶制品，即農(nóng)民們發(fā)“f”和“v”音的原因是他們喜歡吃更多的熟食。故選A。 8.Bywritingthispassage，theauthorintendstoreveal. A.jawshelpshapeourthought B.fooddeterminesourthought C.diethassomeinfluenceonlanguage D.languageconsistsofsoundandmeaning 答案　C 解析　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Newresearchsuggeststhattheapparentlya

37、rbitrarydistributionofsomesoundsaroundtheworldmaybepartiallyexplainedbydiet.”和文章最后的“FoodhaspurposesandmeaningsfarbeyondkeepingusaliveandpleasingthePalate (味覺(jué)).”可知，作者寫這篇文章想要揭示的是：飲食對(duì)語(yǔ)言有一定的影響，故選C。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測(cè)畫線部分的意思 1.Freshairisfundamentaltogoodhealth.根本的，基礎(chǔ)的 2.Useyourintelligence，

38、andyouaresuretoachievesomething.聰明才智 3.Theelevator’sroleinAmericanhistoryhasbeennolesssignificantthanthatofcars.重要的 4.Beforebirth，babiescandistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.分辨 5.Weshouldmakeadistinctionbetweenrightandwrong.區(qū)別，區(qū)分 (二)同義詞語(yǔ)替換 6.Itcomesasasurprisetolearnthatgian

39、tfishareterrifyingthe drivers.huge/big/large 7.Wecan’timaginehowpowerfulachild’scapacityforlearningis.ability 8.Weneedtoshiftthefocusofthedebate.change 9.Outwardlysheseemedconfidentbutinrealityshefeltextremelynervous. in(actual)fact/ineffect/intruth/actually/asa matteroffact (三)一詞多義 10.respect

40、vt.尊敬；尊重；遵守n.尊敬；尊重；問(wèn)候；關(guān)系；方面 (1)Tomisreallygoodatcomputer.Hehasnosuperiorinthisrespect.n.方面 (2)Shehasalwaysbeenhonestwithme，andIrespectherforthat.vt.敬重 (3)Intheworldeveryoneisequalandeveryoneshouldrespectthelaw.vt.遵守 (4)Friendshipisbuiltuponrespectforeachother.n.尊重 (5)Givemyrespectstoyourparents

41、.n.問(wèn)候，致意 Ⅱ.長(zhǎng)難句理解 11.Whenwehavelostthiscapacityasadults，itbecomesenormouslydifficulttodistinguishbetweensoundsthatareglaringlydifferenttoanativespeaker. [句式分析]　本句為主從復(fù)合句，when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；thatareglaringlydifferenttoanativespeaker為that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。 [精美譯文]　當(dāng)我們作為成年人失去這種能力時(shí)，要區(qū)分截然不同于母語(yǔ)者的聲音就變得相當(dāng)困難。 12.Whatweea

42、tmayhaveshapedthesoundsofourlanguage，buthowweeatchangeshowwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress. [句式分析]　本句話是but連接的兩個(gè)并列句；在前一分句中Whatweeat是主語(yǔ)從句；在后一分句中howweeat是主語(yǔ)從句；howwefeelandwhatweuselanguagetoexpress是兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句。 [精美譯文]　我們所吃的食物可能已經(jīng)塑造了我們語(yǔ)言的發(fā)音，但是我們吃的方式改變了我們的感覺(jué)和我們用語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)的東西。 強(qiáng)化練(二十) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1.Onlythehop

43、ethattherescuersweregettingnearerthetrappedminers. (2019·蘇州八校高三聯(lián)考) A.suspended B.subscribed C.sustained D.suspected 答案　C 解析　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意為：救援者越來(lái)越近，這唯一的希望支撐著深陷井下的礦工們(生存的信念)。suspend懸，掛；subscribe訂閱；sustain維持，支撐；suspect懷疑。分析句子可知，thattherescuersweregettingnearer為同位語(yǔ)從句解釋說(shuō)明hope，根據(jù)句意，希望支撐著礦工，故選C。 2.Itis

44、evidentthatJameshasmadeasimplemistakeinhisjob，butdon’tscoldhimtoomuch；heisagreenhand.(2019·海安縣高三期末) A.bycontrastB.moreof　C.atrandomD.atbest 答案　D 解析　bycontrast相比之下；moreof更大程度上的；atrandom任意地；atbest最多，充其量。句意為：很明顯，詹姆斯在工作中犯了一個(gè)小錯(cuò)誤，但不要過(guò)于責(zé)備他，他充其量就是個(gè)新手。故D項(xiàng)正確。 3.—Whatdoyouthinkofhersuggestion? —，itwouldbe

45、muchmoresensibletotalkaboutitlater. A.UsuallyB.Generally　C.ActuallyD.Exactly 答案　C 解析　考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：——你覺(jué)得她的建議怎么樣？——事實(shí)上，稍后再談?wù)撨@件事情會(huì)更明智一些。usually通常地，平常地；generally普遍地，廣泛地；exactly恰好，精確地；actually事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上，一般用于說(shuō)明個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)或者糾正他人觀點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。 4.—Ihadmycomputerstoleninmyoffice，butluckilythepolicegotitbacktome. —Howunb

46、elievable！Thethiefit. A.needhavesold B.mighthavesold C.shouldhavesold D.musthavesold 答案　B 解析　考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為：——我的電腦在辦公室被偷了，但幸運(yùn)的是警察把它還給了我。——難以置信！小偷本來(lái)可能賣掉它的。mighthavedone在句中表示過(guò)去本可能發(fā)生但實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事。故選B。 5.tofindingwaystomakemusicaccessibletoallchildrenisMsThompsonwithatouringcompanyofprofessionalmusicians

47、. A.Devoting B.Devoted C.Beingdevoted D.Havingbeendevoted 答案　B 解析　考查固定搭配和倒裝。固定搭配：bedevotedtodoing...?；謴?fù)成正常語(yǔ)序是MsThompsonisdevotedtofindingwaystomakemusicaccessibletoallchildren...，把be動(dòng)詞后面的部分提前就變成了devotedto...is...，選B。 6.—Andwhathaveyougottosay? —ThereisonepointI’dlikeyouradvice.(2019·江蘇江都、華羅庚等中

48、學(xué)聯(lián)考) A.whichB.what　C.whereD.that 答案　C 解析　考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：——你有什么要說(shuō)的？——有個(gè)我想聽聽你建議的地方。先行詞為point，從句中不缺主謂賓，所以關(guān)系詞作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用where引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。故C項(xiàng)正確。 7.Thereisonlyonewaytoobtainhappinessandthatistoworryingaboutthingswhicharebeyondthepowerofourwill. A.ceaseB.recall　C.acknowledgeD.guarantee 答案　A 解析　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意為：獲得幸

49、福的唯一方法就是停止擔(dān)心超越我們意志力的事情。cease停止；recall回憶；acknowledge承認(rèn)；guarantee保證。根據(jù)句意可知，選A項(xiàng)。 8.Thepolicehaveanyonewithinformationtocomeforwardandtalktothem. A.appealedtoB.attendedto　C.respondedtoD.attachedto 答案　A 解析　appealto呼吁；attendto出席，參加；respondto做出反應(yīng)；attachto附屬于。句意為：警方呼吁任何知道信息的人站出來(lái)與他們交談。由句意知選A。 9.Membersh

50、ipofthisclubisopentothosewhoareitsaim. A.insaluteto B.inhonourof C.inlinewith D.insympathywith 答案　D 解析　句意為：這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部的會(huì)員對(duì)那些贊同其宗旨的人開放。insaluteto向……致意，贊揚(yáng)；inhonourof為紀(jì)念，為慶祝；inlinewith跟……一致，符合；insympathywith贊同，和……一致。根據(jù)句意，故選D。 10.—Whatwouldyouliketodothisweekend? —.It’suptoyou.(2019·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三聯(lián)考) A.Whate

51、verB.Definitely　C.GoaheadD.Goodidea 答案　A 解析　考查情景交際。Whatever無(wú)論什么；Definitely明確地；Goahead前進(jìn)；Goodidea好主意。句意為：——這個(gè)周末你想做什么？——做什么都可以。由你決定。故選A。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A High-sugardietsraiserisksforheartdisease，obesityanddiabetes，butwedolovethesweets，sohealthexpertshavetriedtosuggestalternatives，andhoneyhasbeenforemosta

52、mongthem. Honeyisactuallysweeterthansugaris，whichmeans，intheoryatleast，thatyoucouldenhanceflavorequallywithasmallerquantityofhoney.Buthoneyactuallyhasahighercaloriecount.Itmayhavemoreminerals，whichlooksbetteronalabelbut，inreality，thesearesuchtraceamountsthattheydon’tofferanyrealadvantages. Honey’s

53、reputationasamedicineisnotwhollyunfounded.Somehoneydoesindeedhaveantibacterialproperties.Onebyproductofenzymesinhoneyishydrogenperoxide，apowerfulgermkiller.Plus，honey’stextureandconsistencyaregoodforkeepingwoundsclean，andbadforbugsthatmightwanttoinfectthem.Honeyismoistanditsgooeyconsistencymeansitca

54、neasilyspreadoverandstayoverwoundswhilekeepingthetissuefrombecomingdryandfragile.Thestickysubstancemeansbacteriacannotaccumulateandmultiplyeasily.Itisparticularlywell-knownforfightingbacterialikestaph，salmonella，E.Coliandcertainbacteriathatcaninfectthegutandcauseulcers. However，scientistscanonlysay

55、thisforsureaboutMakunaandMalaysianTualanghoney.Wedon’tknowyetwhetherlocalhomegrownhoneyhasthesamepotencyorsafety.Ahotcupofteawithsomehoneystirredincertainlysoundslikeitwouldmakeyoufeelbetter.Butit’sdifficulttosayforsurethatitwill. Whenyouhaveacold，contactwithwarmwater (fromtea) mayhelptobustupphleg

56、m(痰)thatblocksyourairways.Butsomesuspecttherealsecrettothequalitiesofacuppaisinthehoney.Therearestudiesthatsuggestthathoneydoesworkaswellorbetterthancoughsuppressant(抑制性的)drugslikeRobitussin. Mostofthese，however，wereconsideredbytheacademicworldtobewidelymisinterpretedbythemedia.Oneofthefindingsthat

57、seemedtohavegiventhehoneytrendsomeadditionallegscamefromastudythatsaidtherewas“nodifference”，statisticallyspeaking，betweenhoneyandoneparticularcoughsuppressant. 11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage? A.Honeyhasmoremineralsthansugar. B.Honeycanbeusedtotreatwounds. C.Thesweetnessinhoneycanfightbacteri

58、a. D.Allkindsofhoneycanactasmedicines. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Plus，honey’stextureandconsistencyaregoodforkeepingwoundsclean，andbadforbugsthatmightwanttoinfectthem.”可知，蜂蜜可以用來(lái)治療傷口。故選B。 12.Whatistheauthor’sattitudewhenitcomestothefunctionsofhoney? A.Objective.B.Critical.　C.Supportive.D.Skeptical.

59、 答案　A 解析　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Therearestudiesthatsuggestthathoneydoesworkaswellorbetterthancoughsuppressant(抑制性的)drugslikeRobitussin.”和第六段第一句“Mostofthese，however，wereconsideredbytheacademicworldtobewidelymisinterpretedbythemedia.”可知，作者對(duì)蜂蜜的作用持客觀的態(tài)度。故選A。 13.Whatmightbetalkedaboutnext? A.Honeywillbewidel

60、yusedinotherfields. B.Honeywillnotberecommendedinmedicaltreatmentanymore. C.Otherstudiesshowedhoneyworkedbetterthansomecoughmedicines. D.Otherstudiesshowedneitherhoneynorsomecoughmedicinesfunctionedwell. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Oneofthefindingsthatseemedtohavegiventhehoneytrendsomeadditionallegs

61、camefromastudythatsaidtherewas‘nodifference’，statisticallyspeaking，betweenhoneyandoneparticularcoughsuppressant.”可知，文章接下來(lái)講述的應(yīng)該是“蜂蜜將不再被推薦用于醫(yī)療?！惫蔬xB。 B (2019·蘇州高三期中) Whetheryousurviveacardiacarrestmaydepend，atleastinpart，onwhichemergencymedicalservices (EMS) agencyshowsuptotreatyou，anewstudysuggests

62、. ResearchersfoundawidevariationincardiacarrestsurvivalratesdependingonwhichEMSagencyprovidedinitialtreatment，accordingtothestudypublishedinJAMACardiology.Theoddsofsurvivingtohospitaldischarge(出院)couldvarybymorethan50percentfortwosimilarpatientstreatedbytworandomlyselectedEMSagencies.“Wefoundlargeo

63、utcomevariationsbetweenEMSagenciesthatcomeafteracardiacarrestevenafteradjustingformanyfactors，”saidleadauthorMasashiOkubo，aninstructorofemergencymedicineattheUniversityofPittsburgh. ThestudydidnotrevealwhysomeEMSagenciesdidbetterthanothers，however.“Weneedtodetermineinfutureresearchwhataretheunderly

64、ingfactors，”O(jiān)kubosaid. Cardiacarrest“istheabruptlossofheartfunction，andifappropriatestepsarenottakenimmediately，itmostoftenisfatal，”explainedGreggFonarow，aprofessorofcardiovascularmedicineandscienceattheDavidGeffenSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles.Healsoisco-directoroftheUCLAP

65、reventiveCardiologyProgram.“EachyearintheUnitedStates，morethan350,000cardiacarrestsoccuroutsidethehospitalsetting.” Altogether，theresearchersstudied43,656patientstreatedfrom2011to2015by112EMSagencies.Whentheylookedathowmanypatientssurvivedlongenoughtobedischargedfromthehospital，variationsamongagenc

66、ieswerequitelarge：theworstperformingagencyhad0survivorsoutof36patientstreated，or0percent，ascomparedwith66survivorsoutof228patientstreated，ornearly30percent，forthebest-performingagency. Thepatternwassimilarwhenitcametorecoveryoffunctionbythetimeapatientwasdischargedfromthehospital.Theworstperformingagencyinthiscategoryhadfavorablefunctionalrecoveryin0outof87patients，whilethebesthadfavorablefunctionalrecoveryin11outof54patients，or20percent. “Thesefindingssuggesttheremaybeimportantdifferencesinth