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畢業(yè)論文中文摘要
果園噴灌系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及分析
摘要:題目設(shè)計(jì)的是利用種植園地附近深井的水源,在峪口一塊蘋(píng)果樹(shù)地中鋪設(shè)一套噴灌系統(tǒng),以增加對(duì)水源的利用率,緩解此地的干旱情況,以提高蘋(píng)果的產(chǎn)量。設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容包括:對(duì)灌區(qū)的自然條件、生產(chǎn)條件和社會(huì)條件等基本的資料調(diào)查、收集、和整理,確定運(yùn)行方案,并進(jìn)行了輪灌編組與工作制度確定,不同灌水定額情況下的運(yùn)行參數(shù)的計(jì)算等。另外管道系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)包括各級(jí)管道的布置,管長(zhǎng)、管徑以及連接方式的設(shè)計(jì)、動(dòng)力設(shè)備的制定包括控制設(shè)備的選擇、噴灑器的選型、水泵的選型、水泵工作范圍及揚(yáng)程計(jì)算、泵配套動(dòng)力的選擇等。除此之外,本設(shè)計(jì)還進(jìn)行了設(shè)備的投資預(yù)算及經(jīng)濟(jì)分析,包括噴灌系統(tǒng)設(shè)備明細(xì)和投資預(yù)算、運(yùn)行費(fèi)用計(jì)算等,并計(jì)算了效益費(fèi)用比和還本年限。
關(guān)鍵詞:噴灌系統(tǒng) 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 蘋(píng)果樹(shù)
畢業(yè)論文外文摘要
Design and Planning of The Sprinkling Irrigation System in The NumberⅠApple Garden area
Abstract
Subject under discussion to utilize source of water of well, in arid loess plateau lay one sprinkling irrigation system in the one area, in order to increase the utilization ratio to the source of water, the situation of alleviating the valley and arid, improve the output of the apple.
The main content designed contain: Operation scheme,To take turns irrigation system go on organize into groups sureness of working system, different operation parameters that pours water under the quota situation, etc.In Pipeline system, At all levels pipeline assign, pipe choose, pipe diameter, in charge of long connecting designing of way, control the choice of the equipment, choose and work sureness of the parameter, etc. in type of the spraying device.For the pump station pressurizing Choice, water pump of type, sureness, water pump of working range, lift of water pump calculate and related power choice of equipment, etc.The investment budget of the equipment and economic analysis Including sprinkling irrigation system equipment detail and investment budget, operate the expenses to calculate etc. It calculate with lasting economic analysis by law benefit expenses than and service life of repaying principal.
Keywords:rinkling irrigation system Conceptual design Economic benefits Apple tree
目 錄
1 引言 1
1.1 世界水資源狀況 1
1.2 我國(guó)水資源嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì) 2
1.3節(jié)水灌溉與農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展 3
1.4 可行性分析 5
2 蘋(píng)果樹(shù)地噴灌系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.1 蘋(píng)果樹(shù)地噴灌設(shè)計(jì)基本資料 9
2.1.1果樹(shù)地水源情況 9
2.1.2果樹(shù)地 氣侯狀況 9
2.1.3 地理位置與地形 9
2.1.4 果樹(shù)地土壤資料 10
2.1.5 作物種植情況 10
2.1.6 動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)資料 10
2.1.7 其他資料 10
2.2 灌水定額與灌水周期的制定 10
2.2.1灌水定額制定 10
2.2.2灌水周期制定 11
2.3 管道規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)方案 11
2.4 噴頭選型和布置間距組合 12
2.4.1 確定控制噴灌質(zhì)量的參數(shù) 12
2.4.2 噴頭選型及其參數(shù)確定 13
2.4.3 確定間距組合 13
2.5 噴點(diǎn)的組合布置設(shè)計(jì) 14
2.5.1 確定噴頭工作點(diǎn)及支管位置 14
2.5.2 計(jì)算噴頭在工作點(diǎn)上噴灑的時(shí)間 14
2.5.3 計(jì)算支管每日可噴灑的工作位置數(shù) 14
2.6 輪灌編組和工作制度 15
2.7 確定各級(jí)管道的流量 16
2.8 管道系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 17
2.8.1 主干管設(shè)計(jì) 17
2.8.2 支管設(shè)計(jì) 17
2.8.3 干管設(shè)計(jì) 18
2.8.4 管道水力計(jì)算 18
2.9 水泵選型 20
3 材料設(shè)備選用和工程預(yù)算 20
3.1 主要材料設(shè)備的選用及投資 20
3.2 噴灌系統(tǒng)總費(fèi)用計(jì)算 22
3.3 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益計(jì)算 24
3.4 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益分析 24
結(jié)論 26
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 27
致 謝 28
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