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1、專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 8 8 副副 詞詞考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 副詞的詞義辨析副詞的詞義辨析一、一、how longhow long，how soonhow soon，how often how often 和和how far(how far(具體具體講解見本書講解見本書P38)P38)二、二、hardhard和和hardlyhardlyhard意為“努力地，費(fèi)力地，猛力地，猛烈地”，是程度副詞；hardly意為“幾乎不”，常用作頻度副詞。如：We should study hard as students.作為學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。She hardly ever calls me.她幾乎從未給我來過電話。三、
2、三、alreadyalready，yetyet和和stillstillalready表示事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生，主要用于肯定句；yet表示期待某事發(fā)生，主要用于否定句和疑問句，still表示某事還在進(jìn)行，主要用于肯定句和疑問句，有時(shí)也可用于否定句。如：Weve already watched that movie.我們已經(jīng)看過那部電影。I havent finished my homework yet.我還沒有完成我的作業(yè)。He still works hard every night.每天晚上他仍然努力工作。四、四、agoago和和beforebeforeago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”，和表示時(shí)間概
3、念的詞組搭配使用，常用在一般過去式的句子中。before指已過去的某一時(shí)刻為基準(zhǔn)的“以前”，也可泛指以前，常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)的句子中。如：The meeting began five minutes ago.會(huì)議5分鐘前開始了。I have never been to Suzhou before.我以前從未去過蘇州。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 副詞的比較等級(jí)副詞的比較等級(jí) 1.1.構(gòu)成構(gòu)成(請(qǐng)參見形容詞比較等級(jí)的變化方法請(qǐng)參見形容詞比較等級(jí)的變化方法)2 2不規(guī)則變化表不規(guī)則變化表原級(jí)原級(jí)比較級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)最高級(jí)wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstlittle(稍許)les
4、sleastmuchmoremostfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest3.3.用法用法(1)在兩者進(jìn)行比較表示“A不如B”時(shí)，部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)副詞除使用“not.as/so副詞原級(jí)as”結(jié)構(gòu)外，還可使用“l(fā)ess副詞原級(jí)than”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Bill didnt do his homework as carefully as Jim.Bill did his homework less carefully than Jim.比爾做作業(yè)沒有吉姆認(rèn)真。(2)副詞最高級(jí)前一般不加定冠詞the。八年真題八年真題全練全練 菏澤中考中對(duì)副詞的考查主要集中在詞義辨析上。其中單
5、項(xiàng)填空涉及較多，主要考查頻度副詞或關(guān)系副詞辨析；完形填空主要考查副詞在語境中的運(yùn)用。故在解答試題時(shí)要根據(jù)具體的語境辨析所給的選項(xiàng)。對(duì)于副詞的比較等級(jí)，近幾年中考題中均沒有涉及，但未來中考可能考到，所以仍需掌握其構(gòu)成與用法?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 副詞詞義辨析副詞詞義辨析12015菏澤，30_A_A_ will your brother come back?Im not sure.Maybe in a week.AWhenBHowCWhether22014菏澤，14Look at the flowers I gave you last month.They are dying！_B_B_do you w
6、ater them?Sorry，I forgot to water them.AHow long BHow oftenCHow soon DHow much32013菏澤，4Do you like seeing a movie on your mobile phone?No.I _A_A_ do that because it makes me uncomfortable.Aseldom BoftenCusually Dsometimes42013菏澤，12The World Health Organization has given some advice on _A_A_ to prote
7、ct us from being infected(感染)with H7N9.Ahow Bwhat Cwhere Dwhen52012菏澤，6My friend Frank sings well，and he is _B_B_ good at playing guitar.Anot Balso Cyet Dtoo62012菏澤，12Steve，_D_D_do you play basketball after school?Twice a week.It can keep me healthy.Ahow far Bhow soonChow long Dhow often72010菏澤，24I
8、_D_D_ ride a bike to school.But this morning I took a taxi because I got up late.Anever BsometimesCseldom Dusually82010菏澤，29We havent decided _D_D_ well go to Shanghai next week.Awhere Bwhen Cwhy Dhow92010菏澤，32_C_C_ can we get there?In five minutes.AHow often BHow farCHow soon DHow long猜押預(yù)測(cè)猜押預(yù)測(cè)1In o
9、rder to pass the exam，you need to work much _now.AhardBharderChardest2Who plays the piano_，Sam or Jerry?Jerry.But he gave the performance chance to Sam this time.Awell Bbetter Cbest3Lin Fang comes home _than before this afternoon.She doesnt have so many classes in the afternoon.Aearlier Blater Cearl
10、y4Who listens _，Tom，Jack or Bill?Athe most careful Bmore carefullyCthe most carefully5Though he has studied Russian _ for ten months，he can _speak the language.Ahard；hardly Bhardly；hard Chard；hardB BB BA AC CA A6What happened outside just now?A car hit a man._，the man wasnt badly hurt.ALuckily BUnlu
11、ckily CEspecially7Did John get Number 1 in the math exam?Yes，no one did so _as him.Agood Bwell Cbetter8Its best to stay indoors，_ when PM2.5 reaches dangerous levels.Aexactly Bpossibly Cespecially9Another person was hurt by the tiger in the zoo.What a pity!That is a lesson to us；we must take rules _
12、Aquickly Bclearly Cseriously10To our surprise，the computer _ won the chess game against the human player.Acertainly Busually CfinallyA AB BC CC CC C專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 9 9 動(dòng)動(dòng) 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 系動(dòng)詞本身有詞義，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和表語一起構(gòu)成謂語部分，說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征或身份等。類別類別功能功能例詞例詞表示狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞表示主語所處的狀態(tài)be表示持續(xù)的系動(dòng)詞表示主語繼續(xù)或保持某種身份或狀態(tài)keep，re
13、main，stay，stand，lie表示感官的系動(dòng)詞表示人體感官的系動(dòng)詞look，feel，smell，taste，sound表示狀態(tài)變化的系動(dòng)詞表示主語從一種狀態(tài)變換到另一種狀態(tài)become，get，go，grow，turn 【注意注意】1.一般情況下，系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2表示狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)(feel除外)；變化系動(dòng)詞表示“漸漸”，可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Its getting warmer and warmer.天氣漸漸變得越來越暖和?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞義，但它本身并不表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而僅僅是表達(dá)說話人的態(tài)度，在句中和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)
14、動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法用法例句例句can表示能力，意為“能，會(huì)”He can speak English well.他英語講得很好。表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”。常用于否定句或疑問句She cant be at home now.她現(xiàn)在不可能在家。表示請(qǐng)求、允許，意為“可以”Can I borrow your bike？我能借你的自行車嗎？couldcan的過去式，意為“能，會(huì)”。表示過去的能力Tom could play the piano well when he was young.湯姆小時(shí)候鋼琴?gòu)椀梅浅：?。在疑問句中表示委婉的?qǐng)求Could I have a cup of tea？我可以要杯茶嗎？
15、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法用法例句例句must表示主觀看法，意為“必須，應(yīng)該”You must finish your homework first.你必須先完成你的家庭作業(yè)。表示有把握的推測(cè)，用于肯定句，表示“一定”The book must be Marys because her name was on it.這本書一定是瑪麗的，因?yàn)闀嫌兴拿?。should 意為“應(yīng)該”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示勸告或建議We should keep the air fresh.我們應(yīng)該保持空氣清新。may表示請(qǐng)求、許可，意為“可以”,You may sit here if you want.如果你想的
16、話，你可以坐在這兒。表示推測(cè)，常用于肯定句中，意為“可能，也許”She may come back tomorrow，but I am not sure.她可能明天回來，但是我不確定。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法用法例句例句mightmay的過去式,He asked if he might go home.他問他是否可以回家了。表示請(qǐng)求、許可，語氣比may更委婉Might I smoke here？我可以在這里吸煙嗎？need表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中You neednt say sorry to him.你不需要對(duì)他說對(duì)不起。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析動(dòng)詞詞義辨析1.1.語境辨析語境
17、辨析近幾年菏澤，對(duì)動(dòng)詞的考查主要為語境辨析，需要學(xué)生通過閱讀題干辨別選項(xiàng)的不同意思，從而結(jié)合常識(shí)選出正確的選項(xiàng)。2 2近義詞辨析近義詞辨析近義詞辨析在菏澤近幾年的中考中幾乎都涉及到，在寫作中也常常面臨選詞的難題，所以掌握常見的近義詞的用法是很有必要的。常見的易混近義詞如下：(1)seperate與divide(見P112)(2)accept與receive(見P102)(3)win與beat(見P41)(4)spend，take，cost與pay(見P29)(5)forget與leave(見P23)(6)raise與rise(見P62)(7)borrow，lend 與keep(見P67)考點(diǎn)考
18、點(diǎn)4 4 動(dòng)詞短語動(dòng)詞短語動(dòng)詞短語是動(dòng)詞的一種固定搭配形式，常見的動(dòng)詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)有：1 1動(dòng)詞介詞動(dòng)詞介詞(賓語只能放在介詞后)；2 2動(dòng)詞副詞動(dòng)詞副詞(賓語是名詞時(shí)，位于副詞前后皆可；賓語是代詞時(shí)，只能位于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間)；3 3動(dòng)詞副詞介詞動(dòng)詞副詞介詞(賓語只能放在介詞后)；4 4動(dòng)詞名詞介詞動(dòng)詞名詞介詞(賓語只能放在介詞后)。八年真題八年真題全練全練 分析近幾年的菏澤中考試題可看出，主要在單項(xiàng)填空中考查動(dòng)詞，涉及動(dòng)詞的詞義辨析、動(dòng)詞短語、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞等。完形填空中也涉及實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的辨析，綜合填空中則是對(duì)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的考查。設(shè)題形式為簡(jiǎn)單句。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是菏澤的必考點(diǎn)，主要考查其基本用法和詞義辨析
19、。預(yù)計(jì)在2018年依舊會(huì)考到動(dòng)詞詞義辨析、動(dòng)詞固定短語及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 系動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞1.2016菏澤，24Oh，no!I cant find my mobile phone!Well，where _C_C_ you last put it?AhaveBdoCdid22014菏澤，4How do you like the fish I cooked for you?I havent had it yet.However，it _A_A_ good.Asmells Btastes Csounds Dfeels考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞32017菏澤，26Life i
20、s valuable，so we should always remember safety_B_B_ come first wherever we are.AcanBmustCmay42015菏澤，32How do you usually go to school?My school is far away.I _C_C_ take the bus to school.AmustBmightChave to52014菏澤，11Look，someone left a book.Oh，yeah.This book _B_B_be Kittys.Only she likes to read thi
21、s kind of books.Acan Bmust Cmay Dmight62013菏澤，9Can we run across the road now?No，we _B_B_We have to wait until the light turns green.Aneednt BmustntCcouldnt Dshouldnt72012菏澤，10Excuse me，can you tell me the way to the Peoples Park?Walk along this road and turn right，and the park is on your right.You
22、_D_D_ miss it.Aneednt BmustntCmay not Dwont82011菏澤，34Will you stay for some more days?Sorry，I C C My mother called to ask me to go back at once.Amustnt Bmay notCcant Dwouldnt考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析動(dòng)詞詞義辨析92016菏澤，26Lets get Laurie a gift for his birthday.OK.Shall we _B_B_ a book online for him?AaffordBorderCof
23、fer102015菏澤，24While I was away from my home last year，I always_C_C_ my family.AguessedBthoughtCmissed112015菏澤，31More and more children in the countryside are _B_B_ school at an early age to look for work in the cities.Agoing toBleavingCbeginning122013菏澤，8You are _D_D_to type quickly when talking to
24、each other on QQ so the other person doesnt get bored.Asuggested Bsupported Ctaught Dsupposed132012菏澤，7As one of the school rules，middle school students are not _C_C_ to smoke.Aordered BrefusedCallowed Dforbidden142011菏澤，25Mary is tired of learning because she is_B_B_ to do better than she can，both
25、at school and at home.Athought BexpectedChoped Dhelped152010菏澤，25Im sorry，I didnt _A_A_ you clearly.Would you say it again?Ahear Bnotice Csee Dwatch考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 動(dòng)詞短語動(dòng)詞短語162017菏澤，28You spend too much time on your mobile phone.You are supposed to_B_B_the time you spend on it.Acut offBcut downCcut up172016菏
26、澤，29Today，WeChat(微信)becomes very popular，and more and more people like to use it to_B_B_ each other.Adepend on Bcommunicate with Cbelieve in182015菏澤，28Helen is going to work in an old peoples home to help _B_B_ the old people.Alook forward to Blook after Clook through192014菏澤，12“Learning from Lei Fe
27、ng Day”is only two weeks from now.We need to _A_A_ a plan about it.Acome up with Bput up Ccall up Dset up202013菏澤，10Why do you collect so many old bikes?Ill have them _C_C_ and give away to the children who dont have bikes.Aused up Bgiven upCfixed up Dset up212012菏澤，13Whenever I see the birds，Ill _B
28、_B_ flying in the sky.Athink up Bdream ofCwork on Dpick up222011菏澤，30Last year was a hard time to my friend Jim，but he didnt D D hope.Apick up Buse up Cput up Dgive up232010菏澤，33He never A A no matter how many difficulties he has.Agives up Bgives inCworks out Dgoes away猜押預(yù)測(cè)猜押預(yù)測(cè)1The air _fresh after
29、the rain.And the sky is blue.AfeelsBtastesCsmells2How do you like Li Yundi?A cool guy!His music _ really beautiful.Atastes Bsounds Csmells3We _pay to get into the concert.Its free.Acant Bmustnt Cdont have to4The British Museum is very serious.Visitors _ keep quiet.Amay Bmight CmustC CB BC CC C5I hav
30、e been to the moon twice.You _be joking!Its impossible!Acan Bmay Cmust6Must I hand in the report now?No，you _Tomorrow is OK.Acant Bneednt Cmustnt7He _be in the classroom，I think.No，he_be in the classroom.I saw him go home a minute ago.Acan；may not Bmust；may notCmay；cant8Ive no idea where to go next
31、month.Why not_visiting Beijing？There are so many places of interest there.Asuggest Bwonder CconsiderC CB BC CC C9They walked home last night because they couldnt_to take a taxi.Aleave Bbuy Cafford10Come home before dinner time，Peter.I _，Mom.Apromise Bguess Cwish11The company can _lunch for you if yo
32、u work here.Afeed Bprovide Chave12Could I _ your iPad，Alice?Of course.Here you are.Alend Bkeep CborrowC CA AB BC C13Its cold outside today.Youd better _your jacket.Aput on Bput up Cput away14Be quiet，boys and girls!Its time for class，_Unit 3 in your books.Alook out Blook at Clook after15Dont _too la
33、te，or youll feel sleepy in class.Awake up Bget up Cstay up16We shouldnt _our hopes at any time.Everything will be better.Acheer up Bfix up Cgive upA AB BC CC C專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 1010 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式 一、動(dòng)詞不定式的功能一、動(dòng)詞不定式的功能功能功能例句例句作主語To learn English well is important for us.學(xué)好英語對(duì)我們來說很重要。作表語M
34、y work is to clean the room every day.我的工作是每天打掃房間。作賓語(包括疑問詞動(dòng)詞不定式)Have you decided to go on a trip to Beijing this summer holiday？你決定今年暑假去北京旅行嗎？作定語I am not free now.I have a lot of work to do.我現(xiàn)在沒空。我有很多要做的工作。功能功能例句例句作狀語They will go to the station to meet their friend.他們將去車站接他們的朋友。作賓語補(bǔ)足語He told me to
35、turn down the TV.他告訴我把電視機(jī)的音量調(diào)小?！就卣雇卣埂砍＝訋o的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：ask，tell，want，teach，wish，help，warn等。如：He wants me to be a doctor in the future.他想讓我將來成為一名醫(yī)生。常接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞(短語)有：感官動(dòng)詞feel，hear，listen to，see，watch，notice，look at；使役動(dòng)詞let，make，have等。如：What makes you happy？什么讓你高興？二、動(dòng)詞不定式常用句型二、動(dòng)詞不定式常用句型1
36、1too.to.too.to.表示表示“太太而不能而不能”如：The boy is too young to look after himself.那個(gè)男孩太小不能照顧自己。2 2enough to.enough to.表示表示“足夠足夠”如：He is old enough to go to school.他到了上學(xué)的年紀(jì)了。3 3Why dont youWhy dont youdo sth.do sth.Why not do sth.Why not do sth.？表？表示示“為什么不做為什么不做？”如：Why dont you get her a scarf？Why not get he
37、r a scarf？為什么不給她買條圍巾呢？4 4had betterhad better(not)(not)do sth.do sth.，表示，表示“最好最好(不不)做某做某事事”如：Youd better not stay here today.你今天最好別待在這里。5 5Will you pleaseWill you pleasedo sth.do sth.？表示？表示“請(qǐng)你做請(qǐng)你做，好嗎？好嗎？”如：Will you please close the door？請(qǐng)你把門關(guān)上好嗎？6 6prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.prefer to do st
38、h.rather than do sth.，表示，表示“寧寧愿做某事而不愿做某事愿做某事而不愿做某事”如：She prefers to receive a small gift rather than get a lot of money.她寧愿收到一份小禮物也不愿意得到一大筆錢。7 7It takes sb.some time to do sth.It takes sb.some time to do sth.表示表示“某人花一某人花一些時(shí)間做某事些時(shí)間做某事”如：It takes me 3 hours to repair the TV set.我用了三個(gè)小時(shí)修理這臺(tái)電視機(jī)。8 8It is
39、It isadj.adj.for sb.to do sth.for sb.to do sth.表示表示“對(duì)某人來說對(duì)某人來說做某事是做某事是”如：It is hard for the young boy to carry the heavy box.對(duì)這個(gè)小男孩來說，搬動(dòng)這個(gè)重箱子是困難的?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、定語等。一、動(dòng)名詞的功能一、動(dòng)名詞的功能功能功能例句例句作主語Saying so much is useless.說那么多沒用處。作表語My greatest pleasure is traveling.我最大的樂趣是旅游。作賓
40、語She enjoys going to the cinema.她喜愛看電影。作定語There is a swimming pool here.這兒有一個(gè)游泳池。二、常跟動(dòng)名詞的詞二、常跟動(dòng)名詞的詞(組組)有：有：finish doing sth.做完某事practice doing sth.練習(xí)做某事be worth doing sth.值得做某事be busy doing sth.忙于做某事keep doing sth.一直做某事dislike doing sth.不喜歡做某事be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事give up doing sth.放棄做某事consider
41、 doing sth.考慮做某事suggest doing sth.建議做某事cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事feel like doing sth.想要做某事enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事miss doing sth.錯(cuò)過做某事imagine doing sth.想象做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事avoid doing sth.避免做某事look forward to doing sth.期待做某事stop/prevent/keep.from doing sth.阻止做某事be good at doing sth.擅長(zhǎng)做某事succeed in
42、 doing sth.成功做某事 【拓展拓展】有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語，但表達(dá)的意思不同。如：八年真題八年真題全練全練 分析近幾年的菏澤中考試題，對(duì)非謂語動(dòng)詞考查較少。預(yù)計(jì)2018年菏澤中考的單項(xiàng)填空和完形填空對(duì)非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查可能性很小。但這一部分仍為英語語法中的基礎(chǔ)與重點(diǎn)，考生在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)也不能忽視對(duì)這一知識(shí)點(diǎn)的掌握。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式2017菏澤，29Have you decided when _C_C_？Yes，tomorrow morning.Awill you leaveBare you leavingCto leave猜押預(yù)測(cè)猜押預(yù)測(cè)1People
43、 who wont work should be made _.AworkBto workCworking2People plant more bamboo _ pandas.Ahelp Bto help Chelped3What happens when you hear a strange noise at night，or find a big spider in the corner of your bedroom？It often makes us _Ajump Bto jump Cjumping4We advise parents _their children at home a
44、lone in order to keep them away from danger.Anot leave Bnot to leave Cleave5Its difficult for me _my homework in such a short time.Come on!Im sure you can.Afinished Bto finish Cwill finishB BB BA AB BB B6Have you finished_the storybook?Yes，I have.Ato read Bread Creading7Dad，Im really tired and hungr
45、y.Why not stop _ and eat some cookies?Ato do your homeworkBdo your homeworkCdoing your homework8Martin was so busy _ the old that he gave up his parttime job.Ahelping Bhelped Cto help9Would you mind _ now？Its already midnight.Sorry，I wont.Anot singing Bnot to sing Cdont sing10Is Jack in the next roo
46、m?Well，its hard to say.But I heard him _ loudly when I passed by just now.Aspeak Bto speak CspeakingC CC CA AA AC C專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 1111 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)1.1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)意義：(1)現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。(2)目前的狀態(tài)。(3)客觀真理。構(gòu)成：be動(dòng)詞用am/is/are；主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞在詞尾加s或es；其他人稱和數(shù)用動(dòng)詞原形。時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：often，sometimes，usually，a
47、lways，twice a month，on Sundays，every week/month/year等。如：He usually leaves for school at 7：00 in the morning.他通常早上7點(diǎn)去學(xué)校。2 2一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)意義：(1)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。(2)過去存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：be動(dòng)詞用was/were；其他動(dòng)詞用過去式。時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：just now，.ago，in過去的年份，last night/week/month，yesterday，the other day等。如：We went to the History Museum last Monda
48、y.上周一我們?nèi)チ藲v史博物館。3 3一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)意義：(1)將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。(2)將來存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：(1)助動(dòng)詞will(shall)動(dòng)詞原形。(2)am/is/are going to動(dòng)詞原形。時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next year/week/month等。如：I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天我將在校門口見你。在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。4 4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)意義：說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。構(gòu)成：am
49、/is/arev.ing。時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：now，at present，at the moment，look，listen等。如：The bell is ringing.Could you open the door？門鈴響了。你能開下門嗎？表示位移的動(dòng)詞：go，come，leave 等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。5 5過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)意義：過去某一階段或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。構(gòu)成：was/werev.ing。時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：at 9：00 last night，at that time，表示過去的時(shí)間狀語從句等。如：I was reading when he came in.當(dāng)他進(jìn)來的時(shí)候，我正在讀
50、書。He was always complaining about something.他總是抱怨一些事情。在復(fù)合句中，如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，那么延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。通常在when 或while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中出現(xiàn)。6 6現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)意義：(1)到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，且對(duì)現(xiàn)在還有影響。(2)從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：have/has動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for一段時(shí)間。如：He has
51、only been to the Great Wall once.他只去過一次長(zhǎng)城?！咀⒁庾⒁狻縮ince后面的從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。短暫性動(dòng)詞不與一段時(shí)間連用。八年真題八年真題全練全練 在菏澤中考中，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是單項(xiàng)填空中的高頻考點(diǎn)。其語境設(shè)置靈活，多數(shù)題沒有明顯的時(shí)間狀語來提示，需要通過分析另一語句來判斷時(shí)態(tài)，淡化了依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語來判斷時(shí)態(tài)的考查方式。從近幾年的試題看，一般過去時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)和完成時(shí)三種時(shí)態(tài)為常考點(diǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和將來時(shí)在近幾年的中考試題中從未涉及，預(yù)計(jì)2018年菏澤中考會(huì)有所涉及。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 過去時(shí)過去時(shí)12014菏澤，7Have you finished yo
52、ur homework yet?Yes.I _B_B_ it twenty minutes ago.Ahave finished BfinishedCwill finish Dhad finished22011菏澤，28This morning I had hardly got to my school when it_C_C_ to rain.Ahad begun Bwas beginningCbegan Dbegins32010菏澤，34Its dangerous to swim here.Look at the sign.Oh，I _D_D_ notice it.Thanks for t
53、elling me.Ahavent Bwont Cdont Ddidnt考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)4.2015菏澤，33Hi，Wang Ning!Hows the weather in Heze now?It is terrible.It _B_B_ all the morning.Arains Bis raining Crained52014菏澤，10Look，so many people are running out of the station.I wonder what _C_C_.Ais happened Bwas happeningCis happening Dhad happ
54、ened62013菏澤，11Linda，I called you this morning，but nobody answered the phone.Im sorry.I _D_D_ football with my friends then.Aplay BplayedCam playing Dwas playing72011菏澤，33Why didnt you go to play football with us yesterday afternoon?I B B my mother with the housework then.Ahelped Bwas helpingChad hel
55、ped Dhave been helping82010菏澤，26Shall we go out for a walk?Sorry，I cant.I _C_C_ my homework.Ado BdidCam doing Dwas doing考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 完成時(shí)完成時(shí)92012菏澤，11Our foreign teacher Mr.Green _A_A_ us English since three years ago.Ahas taught Bis teachingCtaught Dteaches102010菏澤，28My friend Li Xiao knows my hometown v
56、ery well because he _A_A_ there many times with me.Ahas been Bhas goneChad gone Dwent猜押預(yù)測(cè)猜押預(yù)測(cè)1Sorry，Tom.I cant find the book you _me.Its OK.I dont need it at all.AlendBhave lentClent2Did you call Jenny?Oh，no.I forgot.I _her right away.Awill call Bcalled Ccall3Please dont make so much noise.The baby
57、_now.Asleeps Bis sleeping Cslept4She_five hundred English words so far.Ahas learned Blearned Cis learning5My mother _dinner when I got home yesterday.Ahas cooked Bwas cooking Cwill cookC CA AB BA AB B6What does your mother do?She is a teacher.She _history in a middle school.Ataught Bteaches Cwill te
58、ach7Grandpa_glasses when he reads.Awears Bwore Chas worn8Just go down this road and you _the library next to the bank.Asee Bsaw Cwill see9They _to us as soon as they arrive in Beijing.Awrite Bwill write CwroteB BA AC CB B專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 1212 動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成例句例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/i
59、s/are過去分詞English is spoken by most people in the world.世界上大多數(shù)人說英語。一般過去時(shí)was/were過去分詞I was told to come early.我被告知要早來。一般將來時(shí)will/shallbe過去分詞The bridge will be finished in two weeks.這座橋兩周后竣工。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過去分詞Lots of stars can be seen in the sky at night.晚上在天空中會(huì)看到很多星星。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 常見主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)常見主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)
60、構(gòu)(1)含有雙賓語的句子多把間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語不變。如：Jack told us the truth.We were told the truth by Jack.杰克告訴了我們真相。(2)主動(dòng)語態(tài)中有些感官動(dòng)詞(如：hear，see，watch，notice等)后用不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，要把不定式符號(hào)to還原。即：hear(see)sb.do sth.sb.be heard(seen)to do sth.。如：We heard the girl play the piano in the music classroom.The girl was heard t
61、o play the piano in the music classroom.我們聽見那女孩在音樂教室里彈鋼琴。(3)主動(dòng)語態(tài)中有些使役動(dòng)詞(如：make，let，have 等)后用不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要把不定式符號(hào)to還原。即：make sb.do sth.sb.be made to do sth.。如：The teacher makes his students do much homework every day.His students are made to do much homework by the teacher every day.老師讓他的學(xué)生每
62、天做很多家庭作業(yè)?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的情況主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的情況(1)動(dòng)詞open，read，sell，write等作不及物動(dòng)詞，且他們的主語為物時(shí)。如：The pen writes well.這支鋼筆很好用。(2)某些系動(dòng)詞(smell，look，taste，feel，sound)描述某物特性時(shí)。如：This kind of flower smells sweet.這種花聞起來很香。(3)doing表示被動(dòng)意義。be worth doing sth.。如：This movie is worth watching.這部電影值得一看。need/repair doing sth.
63、need/repairto be done.。如：Your car needs washing.Your car needs to be washed.你的汽車該洗了。八年真題八年真題全練全練 動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)在近幾年的單項(xiàng)填空中出現(xiàn)的比例不是很大，在對(duì)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的考查中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)以及含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)為考查重點(diǎn)。預(yù)計(jì)2018年中考將在具體語言環(huán)境中考查這幾種動(dòng)詞語態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)12017菏澤，27I heard music and art will enter the Entrance Examination for
64、 the high school(中考)Yes.But dont worry.Nothing will be difficult if more attention_C_C_to them.Awill payBwill be paidCis paid22016菏澤，28When you go abroad，youll find that so many products in local shops _C_C_ in China.Amake Bhave made Care made猜押預(yù)測(cè)猜押預(yù)測(cè)1In order to make Dandong more beautiful，more tre
65、es and flowers _ every year.Awill plant Bshould plantCshould be planted2The novel _ by many people today.Ais read Bare read Creads3Its reported that Jiangsu Grand Theater _ in September this year.Acompletes Bis completedCwill be completed4Pukou Railway Station _in 1911 and it has become a filming lo
66、cation for films and TV plays in recent years.Abuild Bis built Cwas builtC CA AC CC C5Lily，will you go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?Im not sure.Because I_ so far.Ahavent invited Bwasnt invitedChavent been invited6Look!The workers are building the highspeedrailway station.It _soon.Ahas completed Bis completedCwill be completed7More schools in Heze _ to provide children with better education in a few years.Abuilt Bare built Cwill be built8Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they_ to
（菏澤專）中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 專題語法 高效突破 專項(xiàng)8-14課件
