食品提升皮帶機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)含4張CAD圖
食品提升皮帶機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)含4張CAD圖,食品,食物,提升,晉升,皮帶機(jī),設(shè)計(jì),cad
Conveyor overview
first , briefly conveyor
Conveyor, it is in a certain line of continuous conveying material materials handling machinery, also called continuous conveyor. Conveyor can undertake level, the tilt and vertical conveyor, also can make the space transport routes, transmission lines is usually fixed. Conveyor carrying ability, long distance, still can be in conveying process and propositions process operation, so widely used.
Belt conveyor, especially ascend shipped machine is the contemporary most capable of conveying equipment, in the whole conveyor category, it is the most widely used a device. With the continuous development of national economy, multiple types of workpiece transmission machine widely used in metallurgy, mining, cement, wharf, chemical industry, food industry, etc various occasions. Meanwhile in various occasions used for different conditions of workpiece transmission machine is endless also and same, in recent years due to the application range of the workpiece transmission machine, the increase of the expansion of the varieties and continuously improve the quality of processing design workpiece transmission machine put forward higher request, especially in some large flow line, workpiece transmission machine undertakes a very important tasks. These workpiece transmission machine request the transmission distance and speed, precision is higher. Therefore each manufacturer to need according to oneself, for economic and strategic direction of consideration, simple structure and reliable, designed by the producer price cheap workpiece transmission machine.
Second, conveyor history
Chinese ancient high water TongChe and turn the overturned, is the modern dou pattern lift machine and the rudiment of scraper coveyor; In the 17th century, began to use aerial ropeway conveying disperses the shape material; In the mid 19th century, various modern structure of the conveyor arise.
In 1868 in Britain appear belt conveyor; In 1887, in the United States appeared screw conveyor; In 1905, in Switzerland appeared steel belt conveyor; In 1906, Britain and Germany have appeared in the inertial conveyor. Since then, conveyor machinery manufacturing, motor by metallurgy industry, chemical industry and technology advancement of influence, and constantly improve, gradually by complete workshop internal conveying, development to finish in the enterprise internal, between enterprise and even city materials handling, become between materials handling system mechanization and automation indispensable constituent part.
Third, the present situation of belt conveyor
(1) the domestic development situation
Our production of the belt conveyor varieties, type more. In the eighth five-year period, through national one-stop "nissan tons of compound mining equipment" project implementation, belt conveyor technology level had the very big enhancement, with high power and long underground coal mine belt conveyor key technology research and development in all new libyans have made great progress. Such as big obliquity long belt conveyor equipment, high yield and high efficiency the slot retractable mining of belt conveyor are filled in the domestic blank, and reduction of belt conveyor key technologies and main yuan parts of theoretical research and product development, we successfully developed the various soft start-up and brake with PLC as the core and programmable electronic device, drive system USES coupler and planetary gear reducer.
(2) foreign development situation
In a foreign country, belt conveyor technology present situation of foreign belt conveyor technology development soon, its basically are behaved in two aspects: one is the function of belt conveyor pluralism, application scope enlargement, such as high Angle belt conveyor, tubular belt conveyor, space turn belt conveyor, etc. Various kinds of models; On the other hand is belt conveyor technologies and equipment of itself a great development, especially the long-distance large-capacity belt speed, high large belt conveyor has become the main development direction of development, its core technology is applied to the belt conveyor dynamic analysis and monitoring technology, improving the belt conveyor performance and reliability of the operation.
Fourth, the composition of the belt conveyor
Belt conveyor, by common belt conveyor roller, roller conveyor belt, and the drive, braking,tensioner,redirection,loading, unloading, cleaning device such as composition.
(1) conveyor belt
Commonly used a rubber belt and plastic band two kinds. Rubber belt applies to working environment temperature - 15 ~ 40 ° C between. Material temperature may not exceed 50 ° C. Upward transportation scattered aggregates of 12 ° ~ 24 ° Angle. For large dip Angle rubber belt conveyor usable pattern. Plastic belt are resistant to oil, acid, alkali etc, but for climate unadaptable, easy skid and aging. The bandwidth was belt conveyors main technical parameters.
(2) roller
Points of roller drum (tape single ° Angle of for 210 °), double ~ 230 drum (Angle of 350 °) and roller (for high-power), etc. Have groove shape roller, flat roller, self-aligning roller, buffer roller. Groove by roller (2 ~ 5 roller bearing branch, composed) supporting granular materials used to transport; Self-aligning roller with horizontal position to adjust, avoid running deviation; Buffer roller into is expected to reduce materials in to take impact.
(3) drum
Points driving drum and redirection roller. Drive roller is to transfer power of major components. Points of roller drum (tape single ° Angle of for 210 °), double ~ 230 drum (Angle of 350 °) and roller (for high-power), etc.
(4) tensioner device
Its role is to make the belt, lest be in the necessary tensions driving drum skidding, and make the belt between the roller deflection guarantee in the specified scope.
Five, the characteristics of belt conveyor
Food ascension in belt conveyor belt conveyor is developed on the basis of. Food promotion with traditional belt conveyor belt conveyor belt, as is steel strip, steel fiber belt, plastic belt and chemical fiber belt as teleport material and traction workpieces conveyor machinery. Its characteristic is bearing material conveyor is pulling pieces, transfer power this and other mechanical transmission is a significant difference.
Food ascending belt conveyor is one of the belt conveyor, belt conveyor has been electric power, metallurgy, coal, chemicals, ports and other industries widely adopted. Especially in recent years, new materials and new technology of application, make the development of the belt conveyor stepped into a fast track, its characteristics as follows.
(1) simple structure. The structure of the belt conveyor by transmission roller, redirection roller, roller, drive device, conveyor belt to wait for a few big composition, only ten various components, and can carry out standardized production, can press needs to cooperate, structure identity simple combination.
(2) a wide range of materials. The belt conveyer with anti-wear, acid and alkali resistant, oil resistance, flame retardant, etc. Various kinds of performance, and resistance to high and low temperature, can press need to undertake manufacturing, and can therefore conveying for all types of bulk material, block materials, chemicals, food items such as born clinker.
(3) shipping volume. Every hour from volume to several thousand tons, a few kilograms and is a continuous delivery, this is train, automobile transport the past.
(4) the distance of long. Single 10 kilometers a length could, in foreign had become quite common, without any reproduced points among. Germany 60 kilometers a single has emerged. Backcountry belt conveyor often use middle way, make the belt friction drive by conveyor belt length of restrictions. The intensity
(5) adaptability of lines. Modern belt conveyor to already from groove shape, it can be circular pipe in horizontal and vertical plane turn, broke the groove belt conveyor cannot turn restrictions.
(6) handling convenient. According to process flow of belt conveyor in need, but any point aspirant to pack, discharging. Pipe belt conveyor also is so, also can return period, upload, ex-denning transportation direction.
(7) high reliability. Because of simple structure, light weight movement part as conveyer belt not torn, life can be more than a decade, and metal structure parts, as long as antirust good, decades nor bad.
(8) maintenance costs low. Wear a belt conveyor roller and roller is only long service life, the conveyor belt, a high degree of automation, using personnel rarely, average every km less than one, the consumption of oil and power is also less.
(9) low energy consumption and high efficiency. Because moving parts, light weight, volume in all invalid less continuous pattern and the successive transport, belt conveyor, the highest efficiency and the lowest energy.
(10) maintenance costs less. Belt conveyor motion component only for roller and roller, because food is lighter, conveyer belt wear-resisting. By contrast, automobile transportation tool wear parts, and far more frequently also replace the worn out parts.
Six, the development trend of belt conveyor
(1) enlarged equipment, improve transport capacity
In order to adapt to the need of intensive production high production and efficiency, belt conveyors transmission capacity will increase. Long-distance large-capacity belt speed, high, high power is an inevitable trend of future development, but also high yield and high efficiency of mine transportation technology development direction. Especially the slot retractable underground coal mine, along with the development of conveying technique of the high yield and high efficiency emerged and coal technology unceasing development, the original retractable belt conveyor, both main parameters, or performance are difficult to adapt to the high yield and high efficiency requirements, coal field need more big, technical parameters of the Lord more advanced, more reliable's long-distance large-capacity, high-power shun slot retractable, to enhance the belt conveyor belt conveyor technology in the design level, fills domestic blank, approach and catch up with the international advanced industrialized level of technology. It includes several aspects of the key technology, belt conveyor dynamic analysis and monitoring technology, soft start and power balance technique, intermediate drive technology, automatic tensioner technology, a new high life high-speed roller technology, rapid self-advance tail technology, high efficient reservoirs with technology.
(2) improve yuan parts performance and reliability
Equipment of high and low open probability depends on yuan parts performance and reliability. In addition to further perfect and improve existing yuan parts, and performance and reliability of new technology constantly development research dollars and parts, such as high performance controllable soft start-up technology, dynamic analysis and monitoring technology, efficient storage belt device, rapid self-advance tail, high speed roller, etc., so that the performance of the belt conveyor being further improved.
(3) expand functionality, multi-usage digestion
Expand luck, shipped material or two-way transportation function, achieve multi-usage, make its maximum economic benefits. Develop special type belt conveyor, such as bending belt conveyor, big obliquity or vertical ascent conveyor, etc.
Seven, epilogue
To sum up, the superiority of the belt conveyor already obviously, it is indispensable to the national economy of key equipment. Along with the development of manufacturing informatization, shorten belt conveyor design, development, manufacturing and sales cycle, and to make it more competitive. Our country should innovation its core technology, innovation and development mode, should to promote the combination of Chinese manufacturing and industrial development .
輸送機(jī)概述
一、輸送機(jī)的簡(jiǎn)述
輸送機(jī)，是在一定的線路上連續(xù)輸送物料的物料搬運(yùn)機(jī)械，又稱連續(xù)輸送機(jī)。輸送機(jī)可進(jìn)行水平、傾斜和垂直輸送，也可組成空間輸送線路，輸送線路一般是固定的。輸送機(jī)輸送能力大，運(yùn)距長(zhǎng)，還可在輸送過程中同時(shí)完成若干工藝操作，所以應(yīng)用十分廣泛。
帶式輸送機(jī)，特別是提升運(yùn)機(jī)是當(dāng)代最為得力的輸送設(shè)備之一，在整個(gè)輸送機(jī)范疇中，它是應(yīng)用最為廣泛的一種設(shè)備。隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,多種類型的工件傳送機(jī)廣泛的運(yùn)用于冶金、礦山、水泥、碼頭、化工、糧食等行業(yè)的各種場(chǎng)合。同時(shí)在各種場(chǎng)合對(duì)不同的工況所使用的工件傳輸機(jī)也不盡相同，近年來由于工件傳輸機(jī)的應(yīng)用范圍的擴(kuò)大，品種的增多以及質(zhì)量的不斷提高，對(duì)加工設(shè)計(jì)工件傳輸機(jī)提出了更高的要求，特別是在一些大型的流水線上，工件傳輸機(jī)承擔(dān)了很重要的工作任務(wù)。這些工件傳輸機(jī)要求傳輸距離和速度，精度比較高。為此各廠家為了根據(jù)自己的需要，出于經(jīng)濟(jì)性和戰(zhàn)略方向的考慮，自行設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單可靠，生產(chǎn)價(jià)格便宜的工件傳輸機(jī)。
二、輸送機(jī)的歷史
中國(guó)古代的高轉(zhuǎn)筒車和提水的翻車，是現(xiàn)代斗式提升機(jī)和刮板輸送機(jī)的雛形；17世紀(jì)中，開始應(yīng)用架空索道輸送散狀物料；19世紀(jì)中葉，各種現(xiàn)代結(jié)構(gòu)的輸送機(jī)相繼出現(xiàn)。
1868年，在英國(guó)出現(xiàn)了帶式輸送機(jī)；1887年，在美國(guó)出現(xiàn)了螺旋輸送機(jī)；1905年，在瑞士出現(xiàn)了鋼帶式輸送機(jī)；1906年，在英國(guó)和德國(guó)出現(xiàn)了慣性輸送機(jī)。此后，輸送機(jī)受到機(jī)械制造、電機(jī)、化工和冶金工業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的影響，不斷完善，逐步由完成車間內(nèi)部的輸送，發(fā)展到完成在企業(yè)內(nèi)部、企業(yè)之間甚至城市之間的物料搬運(yùn)，成為物料搬運(yùn)系統(tǒng)機(jī)械化和自動(dòng)化不可缺少的組成部分。
三、帶式輸送機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀
（1）國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀
我國(guó)生產(chǎn)制造的帶式輸送機(jī)的品種、類型較多。在“八五”期間，通過國(guó)家一條龍“日產(chǎn)萬(wàn)噸綜采設(shè)備”項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施，帶式輸送機(jī)的技術(shù)水平有了很大提高，煤礦井下用大功率、長(zhǎng)距離帶式輸送機(jī)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究和新產(chǎn)呂開發(fā)都取得了很大的進(jìn)步。如大傾角長(zhǎng)距離帶式輸送機(jī)成套設(shè)備、高產(chǎn)高效工作面順槽可伸縮帶式輸送機(jī)等均填補(bǔ)了國(guó)內(nèi)空白，并對(duì)帶式輸送機(jī)的減低關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及其主要元部件進(jìn)行了理論研究和產(chǎn)品開發(fā)，研制成功了多種軟起動(dòng)和制動(dòng)裝置以及以PLC為核心的可編程電控裝置，驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)采用調(diào)速型液力偶合器和行星齒輪減速器。
（2）國(guó)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀
在國(guó)外，帶式輸送機(jī)技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀國(guó)外帶式輸送機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展很快，其主要表現(xiàn)在2個(gè)方面：一方面是帶式輸送機(jī)的功能多元化、應(yīng)用范圍擴(kuò)大化，如高傾角帶輸送機(jī)、管狀帶式輸送機(jī)、空間轉(zhuǎn)彎帶式輸送機(jī)等各種機(jī)型；另一方面是帶式輸送機(jī)本身的技術(shù)與裝備有了巨大的發(fā)展，尤其是長(zhǎng)距離、大運(yùn)量、高帶速等大型帶式輸送機(jī)已成為發(fā)展的主要方向，其核心技術(shù)是開發(fā)應(yīng)用于了帶式輸送機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)分析與監(jiān)控技術(shù)，提高了帶式輸送機(jī)的運(yùn)行性能和可靠性。
四、帶式輸送機(jī)的組成
帶式輸送機(jī)，通用帶式輸送機(jī)由輸送帶、托輥、滾筒及驅(qū)動(dòng)、制動(dòng)、張緊、改向、裝載、卸載、清掃等裝置組成。
（1）輸送帶
常用的有橡膠帶和塑料帶兩種。 橡膠帶適用于工作環(huán)境溫度-15～40°C之間。物料溫度不超過50°C。向上輸送散粒料的傾角12°～24°。對(duì)于大傾角輸送可用花紋橡膠帶。塑料帶具有耐油、酸、堿等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但對(duì)于氣候的適應(yīng)性差，易打滑和老化。帶寬是帶式輸送機(jī)的主要技術(shù)參數(shù)。
（2）托輥
分單滾筒（膠帶對(duì)滾筒的包角為210°～230°）、雙滾筒（包角達(dá)350°）和多滾筒（用于大功率）等。有槽形托輥、平形托輥、調(diào)心托輥、緩沖托輥。槽形托輥（由2～5個(gè)輥?zhàn)咏M成）支承承載分支，用以輸送散粒物料；調(diào)心托輥用以調(diào)整帶的橫向位置，避免跑偏；緩沖托輥裝在受料處，以減小物料對(duì)帶的沖擊。
（3）滾筒
分驅(qū)動(dòng)滾筒和改向滾筒。驅(qū)動(dòng)滾筒是傳遞動(dòng)力的主要部件。分單滾筒（膠帶對(duì)滾筒的包角為210°～230°）、雙滾筒（包角達(dá)350°）和多滾筒（用于大功率）等。
（4）張緊裝置
其作用是使輸送帶達(dá)到必要的張力，以免在驅(qū)動(dòng)滾筒上打滑，并使輸送帶在托輥間的撓度保證在規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)。
五、帶式輸送機(jī)的特點(diǎn)
食品提升皮帶機(jī)是在帶式輸送機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來的。食品提升皮帶機(jī)與傳統(tǒng)的帶式輸送機(jī)一樣是以膠帶、鋼帶、鋼纖維帶、塑料帶和化纖帶等作為傳送物料和牽引工件的輸送機(jī)械。其特點(diǎn)是承載物料的輸送機(jī)也是傳遞動(dòng)力的牽引件，這與其他輸送機(jī)械有著顯著的區(qū)別。
食品提升皮帶機(jī)是帶式輸送機(jī)中的一種，而帶式輸送機(jī)已被電力、冶金、煤炭、化工、港口等各行各業(yè)廣泛采用。特別是近年來新材料、新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，使帶式輸送機(jī)的發(fā)展步入了一個(gè)快車道，其特點(diǎn)如下。
（1）結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單。帶式輸送機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)由傳動(dòng)滾筒、改向滾筒、托輥、驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置、輸送帶等幾大件組成，僅有十多種部件，并能進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)，可按需要進(jìn)行組合配合，結(jié)構(gòu)身份簡(jiǎn)單。
（2）送物料范圍廣泛。式輸送機(jī)的輸送帶具有抗磨、耐酸堿、耐油、阻燃等各種性能，并耐高、低溫，可按需要進(jìn)行制造，因而能輸送各種散料、塊料、化學(xué)品、生熟料等食物品。
（3）運(yùn)送量大。運(yùn)量可從每小時(shí)幾公斤到幾千噸，而且是連續(xù)不斷運(yùn)送，這是火車、汽車運(yùn)輸所不及的。
（4）運(yùn)距長(zhǎng)。單機(jī)長(zhǎng)度可達(dá)十幾公里一條，在國(guó)外已十分普及，中間無須任何轉(zhuǎn)載點(diǎn)。德國(guó)單機(jī)60公里一條已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。越野的帶式輸送機(jī)常使用中間摩擦驅(qū)動(dòng)方式，使輸送帶長(zhǎng)度不受輸送帶強(qiáng)度的限制。
（5）對(duì)線路適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)。現(xiàn)代的帶式輸送機(jī)已從槽型發(fā)展到圓管形，它可在水平及垂直面上轉(zhuǎn)彎，打破了槽型帶式輸送機(jī)不能轉(zhuǎn)彎的限制。
（6）裝卸方便。帶式輸送機(jī)根據(jù)工藝流程需要，可在任何點(diǎn)上進(jìn)行裝、卸料。圓管式帶式輸送機(jī)也是如此，還可以再回程段上裝、卸料，進(jìn)行方向運(yùn)輸。
（7）可靠性高。由于結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，運(yùn)動(dòng)部件自重輕，只要輸送帶不被撕破，壽命可長(zhǎng)達(dá)十年之久，而金屬結(jié)構(gòu)部件，只要防銹好，幾十年也不壞。
（8）維護(hù)費(fèi)低。帶式輸送機(jī)的磨損件僅為托輥和滾筒，輸送帶壽命長(zhǎng)，自動(dòng)化程度高，使用人員很少，平均每公里不到一人，消耗的機(jī)油和電力也少。
（9）能耗低、效率高。由于運(yùn)動(dòng)部件自重輕，無效運(yùn)量少，在所有連續(xù)式和非連續(xù)式運(yùn)輸中，帶式輸送機(jī)耗能最低、效率最高。
（10）維修費(fèi)少。帶式輸送機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)部件僅為托輥和滾筒，因食品較輕，輸送帶耐磨。相比之下，汽車等運(yùn)輸工具磨損部件要多得多，且更換磨損部件也較為頻繁。
六、帶式輸送機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)
（1）設(shè)備大型化、 提高運(yùn)輸能力
為了適應(yīng)高產(chǎn)高效集約化生產(chǎn)的需要，帶式輸送機(jī)的輸送能力要加大。長(zhǎng)距離、 高帶速、大運(yùn)量、大功率是今后發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì)，也是高產(chǎn)高效礦井運(yùn)輸技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向。尤其是煤礦井下順槽可伸縮輸送技術(shù)的發(fā)展，隨著高產(chǎn)高效工作面的出現(xiàn)及煤炭科技的不斷發(fā)展， 原有的可伸縮帶式輸送機(jī)，無論是主參數(shù)，還是運(yùn)行性能都難以適應(yīng)高產(chǎn)高效工作面的要求，煤礦現(xiàn)場(chǎng)急需主參數(shù)更大、技術(shù)更先進(jìn)、性能更可靠的長(zhǎng)距離、大運(yùn)量、大功率順槽可伸縮帶式輸送機(jī)，以提升我國(guó)帶式輸送機(jī)技術(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)水平，填補(bǔ)國(guó)內(nèi)空白，接近并趕上國(guó)際先進(jìn)工業(yè)國(guó)的技術(shù)水平。其包含幾個(gè)方面的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)、帶式輸送機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)分析與監(jiān)控技術(shù)、軟起動(dòng)與功率平衡技術(shù)、中間驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)、自動(dòng)張緊技術(shù)、新型高壽命高速托輥技術(shù)、快速自移機(jī)尾技術(shù)、高效儲(chǔ)帶技術(shù)。
（2）提高元部件性能和可靠性
設(shè)備開機(jī)率的高與低主要取決于元部件的性能和可靠性。除了進(jìn)一步完善和提高現(xiàn)有元部件的性能和可靠性， 還要不斷地開發(fā)研究新的技術(shù)和元部件， 如高性能可控軟起動(dòng)技術(shù)、 動(dòng)態(tài)分析與監(jiān)控技術(shù)、 高效貯帶裝置、 快速自移機(jī)尾、 高速托輥等， 使帶式輸送機(jī)的性能得到進(jìn)一步提高。
（3）擴(kuò)大功能， 一機(jī)多用化
拓展運(yùn)人、運(yùn)料或雙向運(yùn)輸?shù)裙δ?，做到一機(jī)多用，使其發(fā)揮最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。開發(fā)特殊型帶式輸送機(jī)，如彎曲帶式輸送機(jī)、大傾角或垂直提升輸送機(jī)等。
七、結(jié)語(yǔ)
綜上所述，帶式輸送機(jī)的優(yōu)越性已十分明顯，它是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中不可缺少的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備。隨著制造業(yè)信息化的發(fā)展，大大縮短了帶式輸送機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)、開發(fā)、制造和銷售的周期，使它更加具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。我國(guó)應(yīng)不斷革新其核心技術(shù)，創(chuàng)新發(fā)展模式，多措并舉的為推動(dòng)我國(guó)制造業(yè)、工業(yè)的發(fā)展獻(xiàn)計(jì)獻(xiàn)策。
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