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中 國(guó) 礦 業(yè) 大 學(xué) 本 科 生 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 姓 名:賈捷毅 學(xué) 號(hào): 14030366 學(xué) 院: 應(yīng)用技術(shù) 專 業(yè): 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化 設(shè)計(jì)題目: GDC956/160 工業(yè)對(duì)輥成型機(jī) 專 題: 指導(dǎo)教師: 王忠賓 職 稱: 副教授 2007 年 6 月 徐州 中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書 學(xué)院 應(yīng)用技術(shù) 專業(yè)年級(jí) 機(jī)自 03-8 學(xué)生姓名 賈捷毅 任 務(wù) 下 達(dá) 日 期 : 2007 年 1 月 11 日 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)日期: 2007 年 3 月 25 日 至 2007 年 6 月 20 日 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)題目: GDC956/160 工業(yè)對(duì)輥成型機(jī) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)專題題目: 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)主要內(nèi)容和要求: 結(jié)合畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí),采用對(duì)輥成型原理,采用強(qiáng)迫加料方式,設(shè)計(jì)一臺(tái)工業(yè)型煤 成型機(jī)。 輥?zhàn)愚D(zhuǎn)速810 轉(zhuǎn)分(輥?zhàn)訄A周速度.4-0.6 米秒) 成型壓力:1530cm 小時(shí)產(chǎn)量:3035 噸 型煤尺寸:505032mm 采用液壓加載 螺桿固定框架結(jié)構(gòu),同步齒輪傳動(dòng)箱 明確該裝置的工作原理及相關(guān)受力分析,參考設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)確定電動(dòng)機(jī)功率, 完成該裝置的總體設(shè)計(jì)。 完成同步齒輪傳動(dòng)箱裝配圖設(shè)計(jì)。 齒輪傳動(dòng)箱組件,零件工作圖設(shè)計(jì)。 編寫完成整機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算說明書。 院長(zhǎng)簽字: 指導(dǎo)教師簽字: 中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)閱書 指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)語(基礎(chǔ)理論及基本技能的掌握;獨(dú)立解決實(shí)際問題的能力; 研究?jī)?nèi)容的理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)方法;取得的主要成果及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn);工作態(tài)度及 工作量;總體評(píng)價(jià)及建議成績(jī);存在問題;是否同意答辯等): 成 績(jī): 指導(dǎo)教師簽字: 年 月 日 中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)評(píng)閱教師評(píng)閱書 評(píng)閱教師評(píng)語(選題的意義;基礎(chǔ)理論及基本技能的掌握;綜合運(yùn)用所 學(xué)知識(shí)解決實(shí)際問題的能力;工作量的大??;取得的主要成果及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn); 寫作的規(guī)范程度;總體評(píng)價(jià)及建議成績(jī);存在問題;是否同意答辯等): 成 績(jī): 評(píng)閱教師簽字: 年 月 日 中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)答辯及綜合成績(jī) 答 辯 情 況 回 答 問 題 提 出 問 題 正 確 基 本 正 確 有 一 般 性 錯(cuò) 誤 有 原 則 性 錯(cuò) 誤 沒 有 回 答 答辯委員會(huì)評(píng)語及建議成績(jī): 答辯委員會(huì)主任簽字: 年 月 日 學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組綜合評(píng)定成績(jī): 學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組負(fù)責(zé)人: 年 月 日 摘 要 型煤加工對(duì)于有效地利用粉煤資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境是十分重要的,在我國(guó)的能源構(gòu) 成中,煤炭占有十分重要的地位。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),在我國(guó)能源生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)中,煤炭約占 總量的 75%左右。但是,隨著采煤機(jī)械化程度的不斷的提高,粉煤在原煤中所占的 比例也越來越大。粉煤比例的增加不僅降低了散煤的燃燒效率,而且嚴(yán)重地污染 了環(huán)境。發(fā)展型煤是提高粉煤利用率和減少環(huán)境污染的重要途徑,研究表明,工 業(yè)鍋爐,窯爐使用型煤后可比燒散煤節(jié)煤 10%27%,煙塵排放量可減少 50%60%,添加固硫劑后,二氧化硫的排放量可減少 35%50%。因此,發(fā)展型煤 對(duì)我國(guó)具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本設(shè)計(jì)為一種用于煤炭成型加工的高壓對(duì)輥成型機(jī),包括有機(jī)架,定對(duì)輥軸 和動(dòng)對(duì)輥軸設(shè)置在機(jī)架中部,動(dòng)對(duì)輥軸的兩端設(shè)置有加壓裝置,通過加壓裝置, 動(dòng)對(duì)輥軸能移動(dòng)一定距離,在定對(duì)輥軸的軸端有同步外掛齒輪與聯(lián)軸裝置及三級(jí) 設(shè)計(jì)減速器相連,在定對(duì)輥軸和動(dòng)對(duì)輥軸上方的機(jī)架上安置有加料裝置。該機(jī)采 用強(qiáng)制加料方式,液壓加載和使用安全聯(lián)軸器,從而使其型煤產(chǎn)品滿足生產(chǎn)要求。 關(guān)鍵詞:型煤; 型煤加工; 粉煤; 對(duì)輥成型機(jī) ABSTRACT Coal processing for the effective use of coal resources and environmental protection is very important, Coal occupy a very important position in our energy mix. According to statistics, Chinas energy production and consumption, coal accounts for about 75% of total. However, as the mining mechanization of a continuous increase in coal pulverized coal as a proportion is also growing. Coal proportion of the increase not only reduced the casual coal combustion efficiency, but also seriously polluted the environment. Development of coal briquette is to improve utilization and reduce environmental pollution in important ways, the study shows that industrial boilers, Kiln use briquette after comparable saving coal burning coal powder 10% 27%, soot emissions can be reduced 50% 60%. After the addition of sorbent , and sulfur dioxide emissions can be reduced 35% 50%. Therefore, the development of Chinas coal is of great practical significance. The design of the coal used in a high-pressure molding and processing of roll forming machines, including rack, set to roll axis and move on roller shaft installed in the central rack, moving to the ends of roller shaft equipped with pressure device, through compression devices, move to roll axis can move a certain distance. In determining the roll axis of the shaft to keep pace with the pylon gear coupling device design and three- reducer, In determining the roll axis and move right side of the roll axis rack placed on the feeder. The aircraft introducing compulsory feeding, hydraulic loading and the use of safety coupling, thus briquette products meet production requirements. Keywords : briquette; Coal processing; Coal; Right roll forming machine 目 錄 1 概述 .....................................................................................................................1 1.1 型煤發(fā)展方向 ..............................................................................................1 1.1.1 發(fā)展型煤產(chǎn)業(yè)的重要性 .......................................................................1 1.1.2 型煤產(chǎn)業(yè)及技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀 .......................................................................1 1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外型煤發(fā)展概況 ..................................................................................2 1.2.1 國(guó)外型煤概況 .......................................................................................2 1.2.2 國(guó)內(nèi)型煤概況 ......................................................................................4 1.3 對(duì)輥成型機(jī)的發(fā)展概況 ..............................................................................4 1.3.1 對(duì)輥成型機(jī)的發(fā)展展?fàn)顩r ...................................................................4 1.3.2 對(duì)輥成型機(jī)的成型機(jī)理 .......................................................................5 2.基本參數(shù)的確定 .................................................................................................7 2.1 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī) ..................................................................................................7 2.1.1 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的類型和結(jié)構(gòu)形式 ...........................................................7 2.1.2 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的容量 ...............................................................................7 2.2.1 傳動(dòng)裝置的總傳動(dòng)比 ...........................................................................8 2.2.2 分配各級(jí)傳動(dòng)比 ...................................................................................9 3.V 帶設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ....................................................................................................10 3.1 確定計(jì)算功率 ............................................................................................10 3.2 選擇帶型 ....................................................................................................10 3.3 確定帶輪基準(zhǔn)直徑 ....................................................................................10 3.4 驗(yàn)算帶的速度 ............................................................................................11 3.5 初定中心距 ................................................................................................11 3.6 確定基準(zhǔn)長(zhǎng)度 ............................................................................................11 3.7 確定實(shí)際軸間距 ........................................................................................11 3.8 驗(yàn)算小帶輪包角 ........................................................................................12 3.9 單根 V 帶的基本額定功率 ........................................................................12 3.10V 帶的根數(shù) ................................................................................................12 3.11 單根 V 帶的預(yù)緊力 ..................................................................................13 3.12 帶輪的結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸 ..................................................................................13 4.基本參數(shù)計(jì)算 ...................................................................................................14 4.1 各軸的轉(zhuǎn)速 ................................................................................................14 4.2 各軸功率 ....................................................................................................14 4.3 各軸轉(zhuǎn)矩 ....................................................................................................14 5.減速器設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ...............................................................................................15 5.1 I 軸齒輪設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .....................................................................................15 5.1.1 選擇齒輪材料 .....................................................................................15 5.1.2 初定齒輪主要參數(shù) .............................................................................15 5.1.3 校核齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度 .....................................................................17 5.2軸齒輪設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .....................................................................................20 5.2.1 選擇齒輪材料 .....................................................................................20 5.2.2 初定齒輪主要參數(shù) ............................................................................21 5.2.3 校核齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度 .....................................................................23 5.3軸齒輪設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .....................................................................................26 5.3.1 選擇齒輪材料 .....................................................................................26 5.3.2 初定齒輪主要參數(shù) ............................................................................26 5.3.3 校核齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度 ....................................................................28 6 減速器軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .......................................................................................32 6.1軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .........................................................................................32 6.1.1 選擇軸的材料 .....................................................................................32 6.1.2 初步估算軸的的直徑 .........................................................................32 6.1.3 軸上零部件的選擇和軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................33 6.1.4 軸的受力分析 .....................................................................................34 6.1.5 軸的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 .....................................................................................37 6.2軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .........................................................................................38 6.2.1 選擇軸的材料 .....................................................................................38 6.2.2 初步估算軸的的直徑 .........................................................................38 6.2.3 軸上零部件的選擇和軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................38 6.2.4 軸的受力分析 .....................................................................................39 6.2.5 軸的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 .....................................................................................40 6.3 軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .......................................................................................43 6.3.1 選擇軸的材料 .....................................................................................43 6.3.2 初步估算軸的的直徑 .........................................................................43 6.3.3 軸上零部件的選擇和軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................43 6.3.4 軸的受力分析 .....................................................................................44 6.3.5 軸的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 .....................................................................................45 6.4軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .........................................................................................48 6.4.1 選擇軸的材料 ....................................................................................48 6.4.2 初步估算軸的的直徑 .........................................................................49 6.4.3 軸上零部件的選擇和軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................49 6.4.4 軸的受力分析 .....................................................................................50 6.4.5 軸的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 .....................................................................................51 7 減速器鍵的校核 ...............................................................................................55 7.1 I 軸鍵的校核 .............................................................................................55 7.2軸鍵的校核 .............................................................................................55 7.3軸鍵的校核 .............................................................................................55 7.4軸鍵的校核 .............................................................................................56 8 減速器軸承的校核 ...........................................................................................56 8.1 驗(yàn)算軸承壽命 ........................................................................................56 8.2 驗(yàn)算軸承壽命 ........................................................................................57 8.3 驗(yàn)算軸承壽命 ........................................................................................58 8.4 驗(yàn)算軸承壽命 ........................................................................................59 9.減速器箱體設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .......................................................................................60 9.1 箱體設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................................60 10 對(duì)輥機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .....................................................................................61 10.1 型輥軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ..................................................................................61 10.1.1 選擇軸的材料 ...................................................................................61 10.1.2 初步估算軸的的直徑 .......................................................................62 10.1.3 軸上零部件的選擇和軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................62 10.1.4 軸的受力分析 ..................................................................................62 10.1.5 軸的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ...................................................................................66 10.2 驗(yàn)算軸承壽命 ..........................................................................................66 10.3 型輥軸鍵的校核 ......................................................................................67 10.4 輥型及型板的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................67 10.5 壓輥的支撐裝置(軸承) ......................................................................69 10.6 給料系統(tǒng) ..................................................................................................70 10.7 承壓支架 ..................................................................................................71 10.8 同步驅(qū)動(dòng)齒輪系 ......................................................................................71 10.8.1 選擇齒輪材料 ...................................................................................71 10.8.2 初定齒輪主要參數(shù) ...........................................................................72 10.8.3 校核齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度 ...................................................................73 10.9 液壓施壓系統(tǒng)及潤(rùn)滑 ..............................................................................76 結(jié)論 .......................................................................................................................78 參考文獻(xiàn) ...............................................................................................................79 翻譯部分 ...............................................................................................................81 英文原文 ...............................................................................................................81 中文譯文 ...............................................................................................................87 致 謝 ...............................................................................................................92