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摘要
凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)是工程中用來實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化和自動化的重要驅(qū)動和控制機(jī)構(gòu)之一,在輕工、食品、紡織、印刷、醫(yī)藥、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件制造、交通運(yùn)輸?shù)阮I(lǐng)域運(yùn)行的工作機(jī)械中都獲得廣泛應(yīng)用。但隨著社會發(fā)展和科技進(jìn)步,為了提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)率,作為機(jī)械設(shè)備核心部件的凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)而言,必須進(jìn)一步提高它的設(shè)計(jì)水平,在解析法設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上開展計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)的研究和推廣應(yīng)用。因此,開展對凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動分析的研究,對于揭示機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動性能,進(jìn)行機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)和動力學(xué)分析有著重要的實(shí)際意義。
本文首先介紹了凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)展概況,提出課題的背景和意義,接著指出國內(nèi)外研究的趨勢和國內(nèi)高校凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)驗(yàn)僅局限于對運(yùn)動參數(shù)的測量與分析,然后提出以現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中最常用的一些凸輪為基礎(chǔ)來研究凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)平臺中從凸輪輪廓設(shè)計(jì)到加工到試驗(yàn)這一整個(gè)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。凸輪輪廓線的設(shè)計(jì)在解析法的基礎(chǔ)上用計(jì)算機(jī)軟件進(jìn)行繪制。凸輪加工的方法用最常見的線切割加工,用CAXA線切割軟件來輔助寫代碼。平臺可測量盤形凸輪,圓柱凸輪,直動從動件及擺動從動件組成的不同的凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動特性。從動件的回復(fù)力采用恒定重力的重力回復(fù),直動的軌道用直線導(dǎo)軌,進(jìn)一步的提高測量精度。在實(shí)驗(yàn)臺中各個(gè)傳感器的設(shè)計(jì)位置,可以讓學(xué)生直觀去觀察從動件的速度、加速度;同時(shí),為了讓實(shí)驗(yàn)臺的測量數(shù)據(jù)更加豐富,在實(shí)驗(yàn)臺上加上旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼器,就可以觀察和研究凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)的在運(yùn)行中輸入軸的速度,讓整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)臺的功能更加的強(qiáng)大,實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容更加豐富,對凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動研究也很有幫助。
關(guān)鍵詞:凸輪機(jī)構(gòu);運(yùn)動分析;解析法;試驗(yàn)臺;軟件輔助設(shè)計(jì)
Abstract
The cam mechanism is one of the drive and control mechanism used to achieve the mechanization and automation project, running in the field of light industry, food, textile, printing, medicine, standard parts manufacturing, transportation machinery are widely available. With the social development and scientific and technological progress in order to improve product quality and productivity, as the core components of the cam mechanism of the machinery and equipment necessary to further improve the design level, on the basis of the analytical method designed to carry out the study of computer-aided design and application. Therefore, to carry out the analysis of motion of the cam mechanism to reveal the kinematic performance, the optimal design of the institutions and dynamics analysis has important practical significance.
This paper first introduces the overview of the development of the cam mechanism, put forward the background and significance of the topic, then pointed out that research trends at home and abroad and domestic universities cam mechanism experiment is only limited to the measurement and analysis of motion parameters, and then put forward to the most commonly used in real life cam based design of an innovative test platform to conduct a series of experiments to design, analysis and testing of the cam mechanism. Cam profile design computer software to draw on the basis of the analytical method. Cam processing method with the most common line cutting, with CAXA line cutting software to assist write code. Platform to measure disk cam, cylindrical cam, direct-acting the motion characteristics of the follower and oscillating follower cam mechanism. The restoring force of the driven member with constant gravity gravity reply movable straight track with a linear guide, and further improve the measurement accuracy. In the experimental Taichung sensor design, allows students intuitive to observe the follower velocity, acceleration; richer, in order to allow the measurement data of the bench, and rotary encoders, can be observed in the experimental stage, and research the cam mechanism in the operation of the speed of the input shaft, so that the entire bench more powerful experimental richer, the movement of the cam mechanism is also helpful.
Keywords: cam mechanism; motion analysis; analytical method; test bench; software aided design
目 錄
摘 要
Abstract
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)的研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢 2
1.1.1 國內(nèi)外凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.1.2 凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)研究趨勢 3
1.3 課題設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容和意義 4
第2章 凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)理論 6
2.1凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)的基本參數(shù) 6
2.2 從動件運(yùn)動規(guī)律 7
2.3凸輪輪廓曲線設(shè)計(jì) 10
第3章 凸輪的加工方法 14
3.1 劃線加工 14
3.2 萬能銑床加工 14
3.3數(shù)控機(jī)床加工 15
3.4 仿形機(jī)床加工 16
3.5 電火花機(jī)床加工 17
第4章 凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺 22
4.1 凸輪實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺的組成 22
4.1.1直動從動件結(jié)構(gòu) 22
4.1.2擺動從動件結(jié)構(gòu) 24
4.1.3圓柱凸輪結(jié)構(gòu) 24
4.2凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)驗(yàn)臺傳動設(shè)計(jì) 25
4.2.1選擇傳動方案 25
4.2.2 選擇電動機(jī) 25
4.2.3渦輪蝸桿減速器 25
4.2.4同步帶傳動設(shè)計(jì) 26
4.2.5 從動件組件設(shè)計(jì) 30
4.3 傳感器選擇 32
4.3.1傳感器概述 32
4.3.2傳感器選用原則 33
4.3.3角位移傳感器的選擇 34
4.3.4直線位移傳感器選擇 36
第5章 試驗(yàn)臺運(yùn)動仿真 37
5.1運(yùn)動仿真簡介 37
5.2Pro/ENGINEER仿真簡介 38
5.3凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)平臺運(yùn)動仿真 38
第6章 總結(jié)和展望 41
參考文獻(xiàn) 42
致 謝 43
第1章 緒論
1.1 引言
凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)是一種重要的驅(qū)動和控制機(jī)構(gòu)用來實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化跟自動化,廣泛的應(yīng)用在輕工、發(fā)動機(jī)、紡織、印刷等工業(yè)機(jī)械中。凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)是由凸輪、從動件和機(jī)架組成的傳動機(jī)構(gòu)。三者之中凸輪是的主要運(yùn)動方法是連續(xù)的等速回轉(zhuǎn),因此設(shè)計(jì)不同形狀的凸輪輪廓曲線就可以使從動件按照你想要的運(yùn)動規(guī)律來進(jìn)行運(yùn)動。
凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)之所以能如此廣泛的應(yīng)用是因?yàn)橛性S多其他機(jī)構(gòu)比不上的優(yōu)點(diǎn),如:
l、設(shè)計(jì)方便,適應(yīng)性好,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)從動件的復(fù)雜運(yùn)動規(guī)律的要求;