煤礦單軌吊輔助運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)建設(shè)分析外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯、中英文翻譯、外文翻譯
煤礦單軌吊輔助運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)建設(shè)分析外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯、中英文翻譯、外文翻譯,煤礦,單軌,輔助,運(yùn)輸,系統(tǒng),建設(shè),分析,外文,文獻(xiàn),翻譯,中英文
英文原文
Analysis on the Construction of the Monorail Hoist Auxiliary Transportation System in Coal Mine
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of the auxiliary transportation system in the coal mine, the monorail auxiliary transportation system was built with the analysis of monorail’s adaptability and road section, and calculation about locomotive selection. The key link of the system’s popularization and application were proposed. The system provides practical significance to improve environment, enhance efficiency and ensure safety in transportation.
Keywords: monorail hoist；auxiliary transportation；road section, locomotive type selection
Introduction
The level of mechanization advances rapidly due to the improvement and development of the technical equipment in Coal Mine Production. But poor state of the auxiliary transport facilities become the main factors restricting production efficiency and economic benefits of the coal mine. Therefore, it has become the focus of technology target to achieve the auxiliary transport mechanization and develop reliable, economic and practical auxiliary transportation technology.
In recent years, along with the rise in economic benefits of coal mine, the focus of coal mine management has shifted to the safety management. Our country begins to introduce monorail and other advanced auxiliary transport equipment from abroad aiming at putting auxiliary transportation in use with more people and more links. As a new mode of transport, monorail transport overcome restrictions on transport conditions of other locomotives and it realizes to use in many fluctuating and curved road.
Applicable condition of Monorail
(1) The monorail locomotive is not influenced by floor deformation (bass drum) and roadway material accumulation, because it suspended in the roadway roof or supporting roof beam when carrying materials. Supporting shed beam should be installed for tensioning chain reinforcement when the hanging bearing device is hung on the supporting roof beam. When using the bolt hanging in roadway roof, it should be based on the type of locomotive and future to carry equipment maximum mass calculation, select suitable anchor rod or rope, and modulate the anchoring length.
(2) Monorail locomotive can be used in horizontal and inclined roadway. When used in inclined tunnel transportation, roadway slope usually ≤ 18°, best slope
(3) Monorail locomotive of diesel engine or battery has flexible characteristics. A locomotive can realize the transportation of materials, equipment and person on a plurality of branch roadway. Rope traction monorail need to install rope wheels on the corners and can't run on the branch road. Because the running distance is too long, the resistance of the train, traction rope resistance, the bearing capacity of track and bracket need to increase. And monorail support, guide wire rope and wire rope tension will become more complicated.
(4) in order to reach non-destructive degree of health of air, the roadway of monorail running need enough air to dilute the harmful gas because diesel engine monorail locomotive will emit little smoke and smell.
(5) The battery monorail locomotive not exist shortcomings of diesel engine monorail, but it was limited by the capacity constraints of the battery. And battery monorail power is small, self-weight is larger. The monorail applies to transport materials and personnel on the roadway of less tractive force, poor ventilation.
Construction of monorail auxiliary transportation system
Adaptability analysis of monorail：(1) Simple to install, fewer personnel occupied and high efficiency. Tails of monorail are installed by anchors in underground haulage roadway. The installation of every rail only needs two anchors, a pair of suspension plates and a chain. It is not only simple to install, but also easy to maintain after installation. The monorail is operated normal only with two drivers. (2) Flexibility and wide rang of applications. Trail conditions bring little influence to monorail, for example, floor heave roadway, rib spalling, etc. So it is easy to maintain roadway, and various jobs. It can realize continuous transportation between multi-strip roadways through turnout. And it also can convey fully mechanized mining supporter to coal working face without reshipment. (3) High security and strong adaptability. A set of monorail network system was formed by monorail track way between roadways which are connected by turnouts and bends. A monorail locomotive can serve multiple roadways and working face or many locomotives serve on a roadway, so it could finish more transport task in time.
Road section analysis of monorail hoist：The monorail hoist will swing left and right and up and down when running. You should take account these factors when determine the size of road section. Fig. 1 shows the structure of road section.
According to Fig. 1, you known
L = 2L1 + L2
Where
L : width of running, mm;
L1 : swinging scope of one side, 150 mm;
L2 : width of monorail hoist, mm.
H = H1 + H2 + H3
Where
H : height between suspension and floor, mm;
H1 : the minimum altitude between suspension and equipment, mm;
H2 : the height of equipment, mm;
H3 : height between equipment and floor, not less than 200 mm.
Fig. 1 The road section of monorail hoist
Locomotive type selection. The conditions are as follow.
(1) The conditions must be to known before calculating of locomotive type selection, 1.Transportation distance; 2.slope of roadways; 3.operation track have branches or not; 4.the maximum mass of single piece need to deliver; 5.Whether deliver person.
(2) To choose corresponding locomotive to calculate by the known conditions and application scope of monorail hoist.
(3) The largest traffic volume a single time of monorail hoist, transport ability of locomotive, comprehensive economic efficiency etc. should determine before calculating tractive force of monorail hoist.
(4) Tractive force calculation
Where
F : maximum tractive force;
Q : payload of locomotive;
θ : angle of running roadway;
μ : drag coefficient of running locomotive, 0.3;
η B : circuit efficiency; when line for straight line, takes 0.8; the roadway curve each 15°reduce 0.01; the circuit efficiency reduces 0.06 when the maximum turning angle is 90°, take 0.74
(5) To choose locomotive power and the number of driving wheelset by the required locomotive traction.
(6) Locomotive number calculation
a round trip time:
Where
Ty :a round trip running time, min;
L : weighted average distance, min;
p v : locomotive running speed, m/s;
Ks : speed effect, 0.8;
Tf : loading and shunting auxiliary time, min.
The number of locomotive workbench:
Where
n : round trips each shift each locomotive;
Nn : the number of locomotive each shift;
A : maximum volume each shift, t;
Z : number of containers per train;
t : the working-time each shift locomotive;
G : payload weight of each container, t;
Kb : imbalance coefficient of train transportation, 1.2.
The key links of monorail hoist auxiliary transportation system in popularization and application
(1) Optimizing system design.
To realize transportation continuous by break through design mode. To ensure the monorail running space by designed roadway. The selection of rail and locomotives were based on the needs of actual production. [4]
(2) Optimized working procedure
In order to avoid duplication of labor, the relation between mine development and auxiliary transportation should integrate thinking. And mine development and monorail auxiliary transportation were designed at the same time.
(3) Perfecting supported facilities
According to the transportation of materials and persons, transshipping stations, gas station and repair stations were sated in proper places, material boxes and passenger cars were manufactured, and a synchronous communication system was established.
(4) Guaranteed running space
To ensure safe operation space of monorail some regulations should be taken. The regulations should be carried out in accordance to the follwing principles: the distance between rail of straight line and projecting point of roadway slope should be not less than 1.2m, the distance between rail of bend and projecting point of roadway slope should be not less than 2m.
(5) Strengthening post training
Monorail hoist transportation is a new technology of auxiliary transportation system which is advanced and technical. Effective measures should be taken, in such respects as post responsibility, improve the personnel quality. To ensure locomotive safe operation, monorail hoist should be scheduled maintenance.
References
[1] Zhuang Yan. Selection calculation of the monorail hoist in coal mine [J]. Mining & Processing Equipment. 2010, 38(5): 44- 46. (in Chinese)
[2] Rongli Zhang. Mining engineering design manual [M]. Coal Industry Press, 2002. (in Chinese).
[3] Junqing Zhang. Selection of overhead monorail design for auxiliary haulage of Youzhong Coal County[J]. China Coal. 2011, 37(5): 76- 78. (in Chinese)
[4] Yushui Liu. Several problems in the application of monorail [J]. Shandong Coal Science and Technology. 2010(1): 46- 47. (in Chinese)
中文譯文
煤礦單軌吊輔助運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)建設(shè)分析
摘要：為提高煤礦輔助運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的效率，通過(guò)對(duì)單軌車(chē)輛的適應(yīng)性和路段分析，以及機(jī)車(chē)選型計(jì)算，建立了單軌輔助運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)。提出了該系統(tǒng)推廣應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。該系統(tǒng)對(duì)改善運(yùn)輸環(huán)境，提高運(yùn)輸效率，保障運(yùn)輸安全具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)诬壍踯?chē)；輔助運(yùn)輸；路段；機(jī)車(chē)選型
簡(jiǎn)介：隨著煤礦生產(chǎn)技術(shù)裝備的改進(jìn)和發(fā)展，機(jī)械化水平迅速提高。但輔助運(yùn)輸設(shè)施的落后狀況成為制約煤礦生產(chǎn)效率和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的主要因素。因此，實(shí)現(xiàn)輔助運(yùn)輸機(jī)械化，開(kāi)發(fā)可靠、經(jīng)濟(jì)、實(shí)用的輔助運(yùn)輸技術(shù)已成為技術(shù)目標(biāo)的重點(diǎn)。
近年來(lái)，隨著煤礦經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的提高，煤礦管理的重心已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到安全管理上。 我國(guó)開(kāi)始從國(guó)外引進(jìn)單軌吊及其他先進(jìn)的輔助運(yùn)輸設(shè)備，旨在使輔助運(yùn)輸中使用的人更少，環(huán)接更多。 單軌運(yùn)輸作為一種新型的運(yùn)輸方式，克服了其他機(jī)車(chē)運(yùn)輸條件的限制，實(shí)現(xiàn)了在許多起伏不平的彎道中的使用。
單軌適用條件：
（1）?單軌機(jī)車(chē)在運(yùn)輸物料時(shí)懸掛在巷道頂板或支護(hù)頂板梁上，不受底板變形（低鼓）和巷道積料的影響。當(dāng)懸掛支承裝置懸掛在支承頂板梁上時(shí)，應(yīng)安裝支承棚梁以張拉錨鏈鋼筋。在巷道頂板采用錨桿支護(hù)時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)機(jī)車(chē)類(lèi)型和未來(lái)運(yùn)輸設(shè)備的最大質(zhì)量計(jì)算，選擇合適的錨桿或錨索，調(diào)整錨固長(zhǎng)度。
（2）?單軌機(jī)車(chē)可用于水平和傾斜巷道。當(dāng)用于傾斜隧道運(yùn)輸時(shí)，巷道坡度通?！?8°。
（3）柴油機(jī)或蓄電池單軌機(jī)車(chē)具有靈活的特點(diǎn)。機(jī)車(chē)可在多條支路上實(shí)現(xiàn)物料、設(shè)備和人員的運(yùn)輸。繩牽引單軌需要在轉(zhuǎn)角處安裝繩輪，不能在支路上運(yùn)行。由于行車(chē)距離太長(zhǎng)，列車(chē)的阻力、牽引繩阻力、軌道和支架的承載能力都需要提高。而單軌支撐、導(dǎo)向鋼絲繩和鋼絲繩張緊將變得更加復(fù)雜。
（4） 為了達(dá)到空氣的無(wú)損健康程度，因?yàn)椴裼蜋C(jī)單軌機(jī)車(chē)排放的煙氣和氣味很少，單軌運(yùn)行的巷道需要足夠的空氣來(lái)稀釋有害氣體。
（5）?蓄電池單軌機(jī)車(chē)不存在柴油機(jī)單軌的缺點(diǎn)，但受到蓄電池容量的限制。而且電池單軌功率小，自重較大。單軌適用于牽引力較小、通風(fēng)不良的巷道上運(yùn)輸物料和人員。
單軌輔助運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)建設(shè)：
單軌適應(yīng)性分析：
（1）安裝簡(jiǎn)單，占用人員少，效率高。在地下運(yùn)輸巷道中，單軌的尾部采用錨固件安裝。每根鋼軌的安裝只需要兩個(gè)錨桿、一對(duì)吊板和一條鏈條。它不僅安裝簡(jiǎn)單，而且安裝后易于維護(hù)。只有兩個(gè)司機(jī)才能正常操作單軌。
（2）靈活性和廣泛的應(yīng)用范圍。試驗(yàn)條件對(duì)單軌車(chē)輛的影響很小，如底鼓巷道、幫肋剝落等，便于維護(hù)巷道和各種作業(yè)。通過(guò)道岔可實(shí)現(xiàn)多條巷道間的連續(xù)運(yùn)輸。也可將綜采支架無(wú)需倒運(yùn)至采煤工作面。
（3）?安全性高，適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)。在由道岔和彎道連接的道路間設(shè)置單軌軌道，形成一套單軌網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。一臺(tái)單軌機(jī)車(chē)可以服務(wù)于多條巷道和工作面，也可以多臺(tái)機(jī)車(chē)同時(shí)服務(wù)于一條巷道，從而可以及時(shí)完成更多的運(yùn)輸任務(wù)。
單軌吊車(chē)斷面分析：?jiǎn)诬壍踯?chē)運(yùn)行時(shí)會(huì)左右擺動(dòng)，上下擺動(dòng)。在確定路段尺寸時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮這些因素。圖1為路段結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖。
圖1單軌吊車(chē)路段
根據(jù)圖1，你知道
L = 2L1 + L2
式中：L:運(yùn)行寬度，mm；
L1:單側(cè)擺動(dòng)范圍，150mm；
L2:單軌吊車(chē)寬度，mm
H = H1 + H2 + H3
式中：H：懸架距地面高度，mm；
H1：懸架距設(shè)備最低高度，mm；
H2：設(shè)備高度，mm；
H3：設(shè)備距地面高度，不小于200mm
機(jī)車(chē)選型條件如下：
（1）?機(jī)車(chē)選型計(jì)算前必須了解條件：1.運(yùn)距；2.巷道坡度；3.運(yùn)行軌道有無(wú)分支；4.需要運(yùn)送的單件最大質(zhì)量；5.是否運(yùn)送人員。
（2） 根據(jù)已知單軌吊車(chē)的條件和適用范圍，選擇相應(yīng)的機(jī)車(chē)進(jìn)行計(jì)算。
（3） 在計(jì)算單軌吊車(chē)牽引力之前，應(yīng)先確定單軌吊車(chē)單次最大運(yùn)量、機(jī)車(chē)運(yùn)輸能力、綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)效益等。
（4） 牽引力計(jì)算：
式中：F：最大牽引力；
Q：機(jī)車(chē)有效載荷；
θ：走行車(chē)道角；
μ：走行機(jī)車(chē)阻力系數(shù)，取0.3；
ηB：線路效率，直線取0.8；每15°車(chē)道曲線減0.01；最大轉(zhuǎn)角90°時(shí)，線路效率減0.06，取0.74
（5） 根據(jù)所需機(jī)車(chē)牽引力選擇機(jī)車(chē)功率和驅(qū)動(dòng)輪對(duì)數(shù)。
（6） 機(jī)車(chē)臺(tái)數(shù)計(jì)算：
往返時(shí)間：
式中：Ty: 往返運(yùn)行時(shí)間，min；
L:加權(quán)平均距離，min；
PV:機(jī)車(chē)運(yùn)行速度，m/s；
Ks:速度效應(yīng)，0.8；
Tf:裝車(chē)調(diào)車(chē)輔助時(shí)間，min。
機(jī)車(chē)工作臺(tái)臺(tái)數(shù)：
式中：n：每班每機(jī)車(chē)往返；
Nn：每班機(jī)車(chē)臺(tái)數(shù)；
A：每班最大運(yùn)量，t；
Z：每列車(chē)集裝箱臺(tái)數(shù)；
t：每班機(jī)車(chē)工作時(shí)間；
G：每箱有效載荷重量，t；
Kb：列車(chē)運(yùn)輸不平衡系數(shù)，1.2。
單軌提升機(jī)輔助運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)在推廣和應(yīng)用中的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)
（1）優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)突破性的設(shè)計(jì)模式實(shí)現(xiàn)運(yùn)輸?shù)倪B續(xù)性。 通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)的車(chē)道確保單軌車(chē)的行駛空間。 鐵路和機(jī)車(chē)的選擇基于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)的需求。
（2）優(yōu)化的工作程序?yàn)楸苊庵貜?fù)勞動(dòng)，礦山開(kāi)發(fā)與輔助運(yùn)輸之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)綜合考慮。 同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了礦山開(kāi)發(fā)和單軌輔助運(yùn)輸。
（3）完善配套設(shè)施根據(jù)物資和人員的運(yùn)輸情況，在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤皆O(shè)置轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)站，加油站和維修站，制造物資箱和乘用車(chē)，并建立同步通信系統(tǒng)。
（4）保證行駛空間為了確保單軌列車(chē)的安全運(yùn)行空間，應(yīng)遵守一些規(guī)定。?應(yīng)按照以下原則執(zhí)行規(guī)定：直線軌道與巷道邊坡突出點(diǎn)之間的距離應(yīng)不小于1.2m，彎頭軌道與巷道邊坡突出點(diǎn)之間的距離應(yīng)不小于1.2m。?超過(guò)2m。
（5）加強(qiáng)崗位培訓(xùn)單軌葫蘆運(yùn)輸是輔助運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的一項(xiàng)先進(jìn)技術(shù)。?在崗位職責(zé)等方面應(yīng)采取有效措施，提高人員素質(zhì)。 為確保機(jī)車(chē)安全運(yùn)行，應(yīng)安排單軌葫蘆進(jìn)行維護(hù)。
參考文獻(xiàn)：
[1]莊艷。?煤礦單軌提升機(jī)的選擇計(jì)算[J]。 采礦和加工設(shè)備。?2010，38（5）：44-46。[2]張榮利。 采礦工程設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)[M]。 煤炭工業(yè)出版社，2002。
[3]張俊清。?關(guān)鍵詞：尤中煤縣，輔助運(yùn)輸，高架單軌鐵路設(shè)計(jì)選擇 中國(guó)煤炭。?2011，37（5）：76- 78.?
[4]劉玉水。 單軌鐵路應(yīng)用中的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題[J]。 山東煤炭科技。?2010（1）：46- 47。
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