2020高中英語(yǔ)人教版 選修8教師用書：Unit 2 SectionⅠ Warming UpReading — Prereading Word版含答案

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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)精品資料 Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Prereading 1．What are the advantages and disadvantages of cloning? 2．Not only animals but also plants can be cloned. Do you know the difference between them? Please read the following passage to get the answer. A new study of plants that are

2、reproduced by cloning has shown why cloned plants are not identical. Scientists have known for some time that cloned organisms are not always identical: their observable characteristics and traits can vary, and this variation can be passed on to the next generation. This is despite the fact that th

3、ey are derived (獲得) from genetically identical founder cells. Now, a team from Oxford University, the UK, and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia, believe they have found out why this is the case in plants: the genomes (染色體) of regenerate plants carry relatively high fr

4、equencies of new DNA sequence mutations (變異) that were not present in the genome of the donor plant. The team reported their findings in this week’s Current Biology. “Where these new mutations actually come from is still a mystery，” said Professor Harberd. “They may arise during the regeneration p

5、rocess itself or during the cell divisions in the donor plant that gave rise to the root cells from which the regenerate plants are created. We are planning further research to find out which of these two processes is responsible for these mutations. What we can say is that nature has safely been em

6、ploying what you might call a ’cloning’process in plants for millions of years, and that there must be good evolutionary reasons why these mutations are introduced.” The new results suggest that variation in clones of plants may have different underlying causes from those of variation in clones of

7、animals — where it is believed that the effect of environmental factors on how animal genes are expressed is more important and no similar high frequencies of mutations have been observed. Professor Harberd said, “While our results highlight that cloned plants and animals are very different, they m

8、ay give us insights into how bacterial and cancer cells replicate themselves, and how mutations arise during these processes which, ultimately, have an impact on human health.” Warming Up 1．How much do you know about clone? What is clone? And what are natural clone and manmade clone? Clone_is_a

9、_way_of_making_an_exact_copy_of_another_animal_or_plant. Natural_clone_is_one_that_occurs_from_the_“parent”_in_a_natural_form_of_cloning_without_human_help. Manmade_clone_is_one_produced_through_human_intervention_(介入)． 2．Look at these pictures and tell which ones are natural clones and which one

10、s are manmade clones. Natural_clones：AF；Manmade_clones：BCDE 3．See another kind of clone. The two women soldiers look very alike. Can you explain why? They_are_called_twins._They_were_born_almost_at_the_same_time_by_the_same_mother Fast Reading 1．Read the text and write down the main idea

11、of the text. The text is mainly about the procedure of animal cloning and the life of Dolly the sheep，as well as the reasons why cloning is still controversial. 2．Read the text and then find the main idea of each paragraph. (1)Paragraph 1　(D) 　 A．The effect of Dolly. (2)Paragraph 2　(B) B．The

12、major uses of cloning. (3)Paragraph 3　(E) C．People’s reaction to cloning. (4)Paragraph 4　(A) D．The definition (定義) of cloning. (5)Paragraph 5　(C) E．The problem of Dolly. Careful Reading Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text. (1)Which of the following

13、statements about cloning is NOT true according to the text? A．Cloning is something that has been developed quite recently. B．Twins that look exactly the same are originally from the same egg. C．Cloning is used by gardeners to make more money. D．Animal cloning is much more difficult than plant cl

14、oning. (2)The cloning of Dolly the sheep succeeded because ________. A．it’s easier to clone a sheep than other animals B．the scientists were determined and worked hard with patience C．the scientists were rewarded and got lots of money D．many other attempts to clone mammals failed (3)The sheep

15、that donated the somatic cell most probably lived ________ years. A．3　　　　　　　　　 　B．6 C．9 D．12 (4)Which of the following is NOT an advantage of cloning? A．Cloning can be used for medical purposes. B．Large quantities of food can be produced by cloning. C．Cloning can help keep animals from bec

16、oming extinct. D．Famous persons who have passed away can be cloned. (5)We can infer from the last three paragraphs that________. A．the normal development of Dolly had no effect on the cloning of other species B．Dolly’s serious disease and final death disturbed the whole world C．Dolly successful

17、ly cloned a new lamb with the help of cloning scientists D．there were arguments about animal cloning and concerns about the future of cloning 答案：(1)～(5)　ABDDD Summary Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks. Cloning is a way of 1.making (make) an exact copy of another animal or plant.

18、 2.It has two major uses. One is 3.that gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants. The 4.other is that it is valuable for research on new species and for medical research on animals. 5.However,_the process of cloning is difficult to undertake. Many attempts to clone mammals failed

19、. The first successful clone, Dolly the sheep, made the whole 6.scientific (science) world follow its process, though it had 7.more problems than the normal sheep. On the other hand, Dolly’s 8.appearance (appear) raised a storm of objections and had a great impact 9.on the media and public imaginati

20、on. Different people have different opinions on it. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help 10.or harm us and where it is leading us. Discussion Are you in favor of cloning or against cloning？State your point of view on it. (1)I_am_in_favor_of_cloning,_because_medical_cloning_can_help_humans_cure_serious_illnesses_that_ruin_one’s_quality_of_life. (2)I_am_against_cloning,_because_some_people_may_want_to_clone_themselves_to_live_forever,_so_it_will_lead_to_some_social_problems.