2020高中英語人教版 選修8教師用書：Unit 2 SectionⅢ LearningaboutLanguageUsingLanguage Word版含答案

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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 Section_ⅢLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language 　Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text. 1．The writer of the text ________. A．is excited by the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct animals B．believes that extinct animals can be brought back

2、 to life by cloning C．thinks it impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals like dinosaurs D．dreams of dinosaurs returning to the earth. 2．The film Jurassic Park is popular because ________. A．people are interested in the subject of cloning B．a(chǎn)ll the actors are dinosaurs C．it was directe

3、d by a scientist who clones dinosaurs D．it proves very interesting 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Mice were cloned in 1981. B．Dolly the sheep was the first cloned animal. C．The name of the cloned cow is “Bison”． D．China was successful in cloning twin calves. 4．The reasons why a group of

4、cloned animals all die of the same illness do NOT include ________. A．they have the same arrangement of genes B．there isn’t enough diversity in the group for them to overcome illnesses C．the illness is a new one D．their arrangement of genes cannot resist that new disease 5．We can infer from the

5、 text that ________. A．scientists are experimenting to clone dinosaurs B．dinosaurs will never return to the earth C．cloned animals will only live in the zoo D．the DNA of dinosaurs can only survive 10,000 years 答案：1～5　CADCB (一)根據(jù)英文釋義和首字母提示寫出單詞 1．owe (vt.)to have to pay sb.for sth. that you

6、 have already received or return money that you have borrowed 2．bother (v.)to talk to sb.when they do not want to talk to you 3．strike (v.)to hit sb./sth. very hard or with force 4．retire(vi.)to stop working，usually because you have reached a certain age 5．vain (adj.)without success in spite of

7、your efforts 6．shortly (adv.)soon; (in) a little time (二)根據(jù)所給詞性和漢語意思寫出單詞 7．a(chǎn)ssumption n．假定；設(shè)想→assume v．假定；設(shè)想 8．resist vt.抵抗；對抗；耐得住→resistance n．抵抗；對抗→resistant adj.抵抗的；對抗的 9．merely adv.僅；只；不過→mere adj.僅僅的；純粹的 10．decoration n．裝飾→decorate vt.裝飾 11．a(chǎn)dore vt.崇拜；愛慕；喜愛→adorer n．崇拜者；贊美者；熱愛者→adorable

8、 adj.值得崇拜的；值得愛慕的 12．reasonable adj.合情理的；講道理的；公道的→reason n．理由；道理 1．owe vt. [教材原句]　You owe the lady an apology. 你必須向這位女士道歉。 (1)欠(賬、錢、人情等)；應(yīng)給予 ①He owes his friend 50 pounds. (＝He owes 50 pounds to his friend.) 他欠他朋友50英鎊。 ②We owe a great deal to our parents.(＝We owe our parents a great deal.)

9、 我們深受父母之恩。 ③owe sb.sth.＝owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物 (2)歸功于；歸因于 ④He owes his success to hard work and practice. 他把他的成功歸功于努力工作和實踐。 ⑤I owe it to the doctor that I am still alive. 我仍然活著，這要歸功于那位醫(yī)生。 ⑥owe sth.to sb./sth.　　　把……歸因于…… ⑦owe it to sb.that ... 多虧/歸功于某人…… owing adj.　　　　　　　　 欠著的；未付的 o

10、wing to 由于 ⑧Owing to a lack of funds, the project will not continue next year. 由于資金缺乏，該項目明年將中止。 2．bother vt.打擾vi.操心 n．煩擾 [教材原句]　However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists. 然而，之后它患上了嚴(yán)重的肺病的問題使科學(xué)家們困擾。 ①It’s an old car but it’s never caused me any bot

11、her. 那是輛舊車，但從來沒有為我?guī)砣魏温闊? ②He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming. 他甚至連通知都沒通知我他要來。 ③I don’t want to bother you with/about my problems. 我不想因為我的問題而打擾你。 ④Don’t bother about me any more. 不要再為我操心了。 ⑤Does it bother you that that man is always asking to lend him money? 那個人總是借錢，你是不是覺得不自

12、在？ ⑥bother to_do sth.＝bother with/about sth. 費心/盡力做某事 ⑦bother sb.with/about sth. 為某事打擾或麻煩某人 ⑧It bothers sb.that/to do sth. 使某人苦惱的是…… 3．resist vt.抵抗；對抗；耐得住 [教材原句]　 ... but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. ……而另一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下

13、一代。 ①He was charged with resisting arrest. 他被控拒捕。 (1)resist sb./sth.　　　 抵抗/抵制某人/某物 resist doing sth. 抵制干某事 can’t resist/help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 (2)resistance n. 抗拒，反對 (3)resistant adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的 be resistant to 對……有抵抗力 ②Out of curiosity, I couldn’t resist/help_glancing_at his dia

14、ry. 出于好奇，我忍不住看了一眼他的日記。 ③As they suppose, there has been a lot of resistance to this plan. 正如他們所料想，近來反對這個計劃的人很多。 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．The scientist always says that he owes all his success to the support of his family. 2．I didn’t mean to eat anything, but those apples looked so good that I couldn’t res

15、ist trying (try) one. 3．The first time he met the girl he was_struck (strike) by her wisdom and fell in love with her. 4．They have just finished the decoration (decorate) of the bathroom. 5．He will retire as chairman next year; his successor is already waiting in the wings. 6．I don’t mind sugges

16、tions if they’re reasonable (reason)． Ⅱ.選詞填空 drawback， retire， strike， adore， resist， regulation， owe， shortly， merely， bother 1．Medical equipment was also sent to the earthquake­stricken area to help resist the disease. 2．It struck me that there was no one at home. 3．The boss is such a sh

17、rewd businessman that everyone adores him. 4．He retired early because of his poor health condition. 5．He was fined for breaking traffic regulations. 6．Two fire engines arrived shortly after the fire blazed up. 7．His lack of education was a drawback when he looked for a job. 8．They are not merel

18、y classmates but also partners in the study. 9．He owed his success to the good education he received. 10．I’m sorry to bother you. But can you tell me the way to the bus station? 1．(be)bound to (do) ... 一定或注定(做)…… 2．strike ...into one’s heart 使……刻骨銘心 3．from time to time 不時；偶爾 4．bring

19、 back to life 使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活 5．in vain 白費力氣；枉費心機 6．(be)in good/poor condition 狀況良好/不好 7．shortly after ... 在……之后不久 8．be a long way from ... 離……還差很遠(yuǎn) 9．experiment with ... 用……做實驗 10．give birth to ... 產(chǎn)生；造成；生(孩子) 11．pass on ... 傳遞 12．be based on ... 以……為基礎(chǔ) 1．(be) bound to (d

20、o) ...一定或注定(做)…… [教材原句]　Dolly’s death，like her birth，was bound to raise worries. 多莉之死正如它的出世一樣，肯定會帶來焦慮。 ①Even when walking in the company of two other men, I am bound to learn from them. 三人行，必有我?guī)煛? be bound up in sth.　　 忙于某事；熱衷于某事物 be bound up with sth. 與某事物密切相關(guān) be bound for ... 準(zhǔn)備去……；即將開

21、往 ②Jim is too bound up in his own worries to be able to help us. 吉姆忙于解決自己的那些煩心事，無法幫助我們。 ③The Captain said the ship was_bound_for Singapore. 船長說此船是開往新加坡的。 2．bring back to life使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活 [教材原句]　From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to lif

22、e through cloning. 不時有人提出，像恐龍那樣已經(jīng)滅絕的動物可能會通過克隆使之復(fù)生。 ①The girl guide was brought back to life at last but nothing can bring him back to life. 這位女導(dǎo)游最后蘇醒了過來，但什么也不能使他復(fù)活。 bring about　　 引起，造成 bring up 培養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)；教育；提出；嘔吐 bring on 使發(fā)生；引起；端上(飯菜) bring in 引來；引進(jìn)；吸引 bring out 取出；說出；闡明；出版；生產(chǎn) bring ba

23、ck 使回想起；歸還；帶回來 bring down 使倒下；減少；降低(價格、溫度) ②The pilot brought his plane down in a field. 駕駛員把飛機降落在田地里。 ③He left her to bring_up three young children on her own. 他讓她獨自撫養(yǎng)3個年幼的孩子。 [點津]　bring back to life是及物動詞短語，而come back to life表示“復(fù)活；復(fù)蘇；蘇醒，”是不及物動詞短語。 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Linda didn’t get there on

24、 time because of the bad weather.What’s more, her car was in poor condition. 2．Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. 3．He experimented with different materials and finally he succeeded. 4．As a government official in the education f

25、ield, you are bound to_devote (devote) all your energy and time to helping all the students. 5．Mountain Tai has struck its beauty into our hearts. 6．He was dead and nothing could bring him back to life. 7．They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter. 8．She kept his words in mind and kept in touc

26、h with him by e­mail from time to time. Ⅱ.選詞填空 from time to time， in good condition， pass on， in vain， be bound to， die out， bring back to life， shortly after 1．We tried in_vain to catch the butterfly on the flower. 2．Fashion designers are always changing styles of dress from_time_to_time t

27、o make more money from ladies. 3．To avoid accidents，it’s important to check that all your tools are in_good_condition before starting. 4．Don’t lie to your father, he is_bound_to find it out. 5．In this story, Shakespeare was brought_back_to_life but can’t fit in with modern society. 6．I took the

28、day off work because I didn’t want to pass_on my flu to everyone in the office. 7．This species has nearly died_out because its habitat is being destroyed. 8．Shortly_after you left, a man came into the office looking for you. 1．[句型展示]　Did she die young because she was a clone? 它死得早，因為它是克隆羊嗎？

29、 [典例背誦] The children rushed to the front, excited and overjoyed. 孩子們又激動又欣喜地跑到了前面。 2．[句型展示]　Diversity in a group means having animals with_their_genes_arranged_in_different_ways. 種群多樣性是指種群中動物的基因以不同的方式排列。 [典例背誦] With all the work finished, she has time to go shopping. 所有工作都完成了，她有時間去購物了。 3．[句型展

30、示]　The_advantage_is_that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. 其優(yōu)點是，如果發(fā)生了某種新的疾病，這類動物中的一些可能會死掉，但是另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。 [典例背誦] My suggestion is that if it rains tomorrow we had bett

31、er go to the library. 我的建議是，如果明天下雨，我們最好去圖書館。 4．[句型展示]　Based_on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years. 就我們現(xiàn)在所知道的而言，克隆絕種超過一萬年的動物是不可能的。 [典例背誦] Encouraged by him, I’ve decided to study hard. 在他的鼓勵下我決定努力學(xué)習(xí)。 1．Did she die young because she was

32、a clone? 它死得早，因為它是克隆羊嗎？ (1)句中的young是形容詞作狀語，表示主語的狀態(tài)。 (2)形容詞(短語)作狀語的具體用法： 結(jié)構(gòu) 可以是單個形容詞，也可以是形容詞短語 位置 通常位于句子主語之前或句中，也可以位于句末 作用 一般用于說明主語的狀況，可表原因、方式、伴隨等 ①The doctor asked the patient to lie down flat and breathe deeply. 醫(yī)生讓病人平躺、深呼吸。 ②He returned from war, safe and sound. 他安然無恙地從戰(zhàn)爭中歸來。 ③Hungry

33、 and tired, I had to stop to have a rest. 又累又餓，我只好停下來休息一下。 2．Diversity in a group means having animals with_their_genes_arranged_in_different_ways. 種群多樣性是指種群中動物的基因以不同的方式排列。 (1)本句是簡單句，動名詞短語having animals ... 作means的賓語，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(即“with＋賓語＋賓補”結(jié)構(gòu))作后置定語，arrange與their genes為動賓關(guān)系。 (2)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成： wit

34、h＋賓語(n./pron.)＋賓補 (3)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法： 作定語 She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides. 她看到一條兩岸長著紅花和綠草的小溪。 作狀語 ①She left the office with tears in her eyes. 她眼里含著淚，離開了辦公室。(表示伴隨狀況) ②With his key lost, he couldn’t get into the office. 由于鑰匙丟了，他進(jìn)不了辦公室。(表示原因) ③The children began

35、to watch TV with the homework done. 孩子們完成作業(yè)以后開始看電視。(表示時間) ④I’d like to see the new film with time permitting. 如果時間許可，我想看那部新電影。(表示條件) ⑤The battle ended with the enemy defeated. 戰(zhàn)斗結(jié)束了，敵人被打敗了。(表示結(jié)果) Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．With so many problems to_settle (settle), the president will have a hard time.

36、 2．Hearing the good news, he shouted, excited (exite)． 3．United (unite), we stand; divided (divide), we fall. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．We are sure that everything will be better with_time_passing/going_by. 隨著時間的推移，我們確信一切都會好起來的。 2．The_advantage_is_that smiling can not only make us happy, but also please others.

37、 其優(yōu)勢在于微笑不僅僅讓我們高興，還能取悅別人。 3．He approached us, full_of_apologies. 他連聲道歉地朝我們走過來。 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Looking back, Diana owes her achievements to the goal she set. 2．Don’t bother your father about/with it now; he’s very tired. 3．The cake was delicious so I couldn’t resist eating (eat) it up. 4．He like

38、d the relaxed pace of his retired (retire) life. 5．His success is merely (mere) a problem of time. 6．Our teacher struck the importance of safety into our hearts, so we were all careful when crossing the street. 7．I am afraid your efforts are in vain; he wouldn’t listen to others. 8．Though the bu

39、ilding was built in the 1980s, it is still in good condition. 9．The advantage of cycling to work is that we can live a low­carbon life. 10．With his mother helping (help) him, he is getting along well with his work. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．He is a successful businessman; he owes_his_success_more_to_luck_th

40、an_to_ability. 他是一個成功的商人，他把他的成功更多地歸功于運氣而不是能力。 2．He couldn’t resist_showing_off his new car. 他忍不住炫耀起了他的新車。 3．He has_retired_from political life and gone to live abroad. 他已退出政界到國外去了。 4．It_strikes_me_that she is a very efficient person. 我馬上想起她是個很干練的人。 5．The safety accidents happen from_time_to_

41、time. 安全事故時不時地發(fā)生。 6．These machines are_in_poor_condition because they have been used a lot. 由于使用頻率很高，這些機器的狀況很差。 7．The efforts of the doctor brought_him_back_to_life. 這位醫(yī)生的努力讓他得以復(fù)活。 8．He shouted after them, in_vain trying to attract their attention. 他在他們的后面高喊，想引起他們的注意，卻是徒勞。 9．The_advantage_of

42、_his_diet_is_that it contains rich vitamin and fibre. 他的飲食的優(yōu)勢在于其中含有豐富的維生素和纖維。 10．Tired_and_hungry,_they went into a restaurant. 又累又餓，他們走進(jìn)了一家餐館。 Ⅲ.完形填空 Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world.All the questions on your math test might seem__1__.But at times you feel horrible, and y

43、ou__2__ things and you cannot focus on your schoolwork ... For more than 20 years, scientists have believed that high self­respect is the__3__ to success.Kids who feel good about themselves, said scientists, do__4__ school and have fewer emotional and behavioral problems than kids who have a

44、low__5__ of themselves. Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self­respect may not be__6__.In some cases, having high self­respect can__7__ bad results if it makes you __8__ likeable or more upset when you fail at something. “__9__ about self­respect，” says Jennifer

45、 Crocker, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, US.“It’s not the__10__ thing.”Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange__11__ it is good to feel good about yourself. __12__ show that people with high self­respect are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with l

46、ow self­respect.But, after__13__ about 18,000 studies on self­respect, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self­respect will not__14__ make you a better person. He__15__ that violent and wicked people often have the highest self

47、­respect of all.He also said, “There’s no__16__ that kids with high self­respect do better in school.” Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people.__17__ to create or build something.Find positive ways to contribute to society.__18__ you fail at something, try to lear

48、n from the__19__.“The best therapy (藥方) is to recognize your__20__，” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, I’m not so good at that, and then move on.” 語篇解讀：新的研究表明自尊心太強也沒有好處。假如你失敗了，你也應(yīng)該承認(rèn)自己的缺點。 1．A.interesting　　　　　 　B．tiring C．hard D．easy 解析：選D　有時候我們情緒高漲，因此覺得每個數(shù)學(xué)問題都很容易(easy)。 2．A.lose B．gain C．te

49、st D．touch 解析：選A　但有時候我們情緒低落，總是丟三落四。文章開頭用對比的方式說明我們情緒的變化以及自尊心的強弱。 3．A.plan B．reason C．key D．note 解析：選C　科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，自尊是獲得成功的關(guān)鍵(key)。 4．A.well with B．better in C．good to D．badly for 解析：選B　科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，自尊心強的孩子自我感覺好，在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)也更好。 5．A.opinion B．income C．thought D．a(chǎn)dvice 解析：選A　自尊心強的孩子情感和行為方面的

50、問題比自尊心差的孩子要少，因為強調(diào)的是自尊心，所以此處用opinion，也就是自我評價。 6．A.valuable B．useless C．meaningful D．helpful 解析：選D　此處說明新的研究表明情況并非如此，自尊心強并沒有絕對的益處。 7．A.form B．take C．give D．bring 解析：選D　在有些情況下，自尊心太強會帶來壞的結(jié)果，表示帶來用bring。 8．A.most B．more C．less D．far 解析：選C　如果自尊心太強，你做事失敗了，會過分自責(zé)，即自我感覺不那么好了。 9．A.For

51、get B．Think C．Bring D．Care 解析：選A　研究者認(rèn)為自尊心太強沒有好處，因此他們的建議是：忘記(forget)自尊吧。 10．A.important B．possible C．difficult D．fortunate 解析：選A　此處還是研究者的觀點，他們認(rèn)為自尊心并不重要。 11．A.even B．but C．while D．a(chǎn)lthough 解析：選B　前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：盡管研究者的觀點聽起來有些奇怪，但卻是有好處的。 12．A.Words B．Studies C．Results D．Actions

52、 解析：選B　此處還是說明原先研究的結(jié)論，認(rèn)為自尊心強的人不容易患上抑郁癥，不容易焦慮等。 13．A.worrying B．teaching C．reviewing D．talking 解析：選C　但是新的研究在對大約18,000個研究重新審視后，得出了不同的結(jié)論。review“復(fù)習(xí)，重新審查”。 14．A.conveniently B．strangely C．practically D．necessarily 解析：選D　新的研究證明，自尊心不一定使你成為一個更優(yōu)秀的人。not necessarily表示“不一定”。 15．A.intends B

53、．insists C．prefers D．believes 解析：選D　此處還是說明研究者的觀點。研究者認(rèn)為，具有暴力傾向的人或者壞人往往自尊心很強。 16．A.evidence B．need C．chance D．duty 解析：選A　沒有證據(jù)(evidence)表明，自尊心強的孩子在學(xué)校做得更好。 17．A.Try out B．Set out C．Start out D．Give out 解析：選B　此處是研究者的建議：去做對施恩惠有意義的事情。set out to do sth.表示“開始做，著手做”。 18．A.Unless B．E

54、ven though C．If D．Now that 解析：選C　假如你失敗了，你也應(yīng)該從中吸取教訓(xùn)。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。 19．A.research B．pleasure C．behaviour D．experience 解析：選D　此處強調(diào)能夠從自己失敗的經(jīng)歷中獲得經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)。 20．A.faults B．a(chǎn)dvantages C．ways D．messages 解析：選A　研究者認(rèn)為，最后的治療方式是意識到你的不足或者缺陷(fault)。 Ⅳ.閱讀七選五 It doesn't come as a surprise to you t

55、o realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it.You just waste your valuable time. __1__One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading. Why does a clerk in a store go away when your reply to

56、 her offer to help is, “No, thank you.I'm just looking”？ Both you and she know that if you aren't sure what you want, you are not likely to find it.But suppose you say instead, “Yes, thank you.I want a pair of sunglasses.” She says, “Right this way, please”． __2__If you choose a book, “just

57、 looking” for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that — nothing.But if you do know what you want, you are almost sure to get it.Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying “to find out more about”， “to understand the reasons for” and “to find out how”． __3__Before y

58、ou start to study, you say to yourself something like this, “I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America”．Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better. __4__At least two important processes go on at

59、the same time.As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately.But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read.You have a kind of mental conversation with the author. This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relat

60、ing it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes. __5__One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions.Facts can be checked by evidence.Opinions are one's own personal reactions.Another part of critical reading is judging sour

61、ces.Still another part is drawing accurate inferences. A．Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting. B．It is important for students to have a positive attitude to their study. C．You remember better when you know what you're reading. D．In other words,

62、a good reader is a critical reader. E．It's quite the same with your studying. F．Reading is not one single activity. G．This is the way it works. 答案：1～5　AEGFD Ⅴ.短文改錯 One evening two young men were walking in the street.They tried to find a chance to steal everything.The clock strikes twelve.

63、Most people were in bed.Quickly they came to a house so it seemed that everyone in the house had fallen sleep.Standing at the front gate, one man whispered in English to the other at a low voice, “You wait here.I will go around to the front door and then get into the house.” Suddenly out of the hous

64、e ran a dog, barked at them.The two men were very afraid and ran away as fast as possibly.They didn't stop until they had got to a lonely place.One man said to the other in surprise, “It's too bad.I had thought that the dog could understand English.” 答案：第二句：everything→something 第三句：strikes→struck 第五句：so → and；sleep→asleep 第六句：at a low voice→in a low voice 第七句：front→back 第八句：barked→barking 第九句：possibly→possible 第十句：去掉had 第十二句：had→hadn't或在had后加not