2018秋高中英語 Unit 2 The United Kingdom同步練習(xí) 新人教版必修5

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1、 Unit 2 The United Kingdom 話題誦讀 日積月累 [導(dǎo)語]　英國是個(gè)以城市為主的國家，80%的人都生活在城市里。在世界上英國是個(gè)有著巨大影響力的國家。 The United Kingdom is a nation of cities.The United Kingdom is one of the most urban nations in the world.Eighty percent of its people live in cities.London has almost 8 million people. London is the centr

2、e of British life.It is the nation's leader in economy，politics，art，education，and entertainment.It is one of the world's greatest cities.People from all over the world visit London.People from many parts of the world now live there，and you can hear African，Asian，and other languages spoken there.It i

3、s the capital of the United Kingdom. Almost everyone in the United Kingdom speaks English.Some people in Wales speak only Welsh.Generally，however，everyone in the United Kingdom can talk with everyone else.This is one way in which the nation is united. Another way in which the people are united i

4、s by their religion.Ninety-five percent of the British people are Protestant.The Anglican Church is the largest in England.The Presbyterian Church is the largest in Scotland.Although religion is a unifying idea for most of the nation，it divides the people in Northern Ireland. Most British citizen

5、s read and write English.This is mainly because free elementary and secondary education is given to each child in the United Kingdom.Children go to school between the ages of five and sixteen.University education，however，is limited to those who can pass strict tests. [詞海拾貝] 1．urban 　　　　 adj.都市的，城市

6、的，城鎮(zhèn)的 2．entertainment n．款待；表演；文娛節(jié)目 3．unify vt.使……一致；使……單一化；統(tǒng)一…… 4．elementary adj.初級(jí)的；基礎(chǔ)的 5．secondary adj.中級(jí)的 [問題思考] 1．Where does the most population of the United Kingdom live？(no more than 8 words) _______________________________________________________ 2．What do you know about L

7、ondon？(no more than 12 words) _______________________________________________________ 答案：1.Eighty percent of its people live in cities. 2．It is the nation's leader in economy，politics，art，education and entertainment. 自主預(yù)習(xí) 步步提高 詞匯識(shí)記 Ⅰ.為單詞選擇正確的釋義 1．a(chǎn)ttract　　　　　　 A．組成；構(gòu)成 2．consist B．澄清；闡明 3．

8、clarify C．矛盾；沖突 4．conflict D．吸引；引起注意 5．currency E．完成；實(shí)現(xiàn) 6．unwilling F．不愿意；不樂意 7．convenience G．便利；方便 8．a(chǎn)ccomplish H．貨幣；通貨 9．rough I．收藏品；收集 10．collection J．粗糙的；粗暴的 答案：1.D　2.A　3.B　4.C　5.H　6.F　7.G　8.E　9.J　10.I Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示寫出單詞 1．________vi.&vt.聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié) 2．________n．?。恍姓^(qū) 3．________n．

9、信任；學(xué)分；贊揚(yáng) 4．________n．制度；機(jī)制 5．________n．鄉(xiāng)下；農(nóng)村 答案：1.unite　2.province　3.credit　4.institution　5.countryside Ⅲ.根據(jù)英語釋義寫出單詞 1．________：giving joy，pleasant 2．________：put in order；make plans in advance 3．________：bend one part of a thing back over on itself 4．________：give great pleasure to；please g

10、reatly 5．________：excited feeling passing like a wave along the nerves 答案：1.enjoyable　2.arrange　3.fold　4.delight　5.thrill Ⅳ.選用短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 consist of；break away from；leave out；break down；to one's credit；keep one's eyes open；in memory of；take the place of 1．The printing machines are always ______

11、__，which annoys him a lot. 2．I couldn't make sense of the passage.You must have ________ some important information while copying it. 3．New Zealand is a country lying off the eastern coast of Australia，________ two big islands and many smaller ones. 4．She couldn't attend the meeting so her assist

12、ant ________ her. 5．The town was named after Mr Smith，________ his great contributions to its development. 6．________ if you want to find the boy in a red sweater. 7．________，Emma passed such a difficult examination. 8．Under no condition will the Chinese allow Taiwan to ________ China. 答案：1.bre

13、aking down　2.left out　3.consisting of　4.took the place of　5.in memory of　6.Keep your eyes open　7.To her credit　8.break away from Ⅴ.領(lǐng)會(huì)句子所用的句型并譯成漢語 1．Now when people refer to England you find__Wales _included as well. _______________________________________________________ 2．Finally the English go

14、vernment tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by__getting_ Ireland_ connected in the same peaceful way. _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 3．It__is__a__pity__that__the__industrial__cities__buil

15、t__in__the__nineteenth__century do not attract visitors. _______________________________________________________ 4．It has the oldest port built__by__the__Romans__in_ the_ _first_ _century__AD，the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norm

16、an rulers in 1066. _______________________________________________________ 5．You must keep__your__eyes__open__if you are going to make__your__trip__to__the__United__Kingdom__enjoyable__and__worthwhile． _______________________________________________________ 答案：1.現(xiàn)在當(dāng)人們說到英格蘭時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士也包括在其中。 2．最后，

17、在20世紀(jì)初，英國政府試圖通過同樣的和平方式把愛爾蘭聯(lián)合起來以形成聯(lián)合王國。 3．遺憾的是，這些建于19世紀(jì)的工業(yè)城市并不能吸引游客。 4．它有公元1世紀(jì)由羅馬人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格魯－撒克遜人始建于11世紀(jì)60年代的最古老的建筑，還有公元1066年由后來的諾曼人統(tǒng)治者建造的最古老的城堡。 5．如果你想要使你的英國之旅令人愉快，不虛此行，你就必須把眼睛睜得大大的。 語篇理解 課文表層理解 Ⅰ.判斷正(T)誤(F) 1．The UK includes England，Wales，Scotland and Ireland. (　　) 2．The three countri

18、es were united by war instead of peacefully. (　　) 3．Northern Ireland，England and Scotland have developed different educational and legal systems but they do work together in some areas as well. (　　) 4．The Romans left their language and their government to London. (　　) 答案：1.F　2.F　3.T　4.F Ⅱ.根據(jù)課

19、文內(nèi)容回答問題 1．Look at the map and the title of the reading passage.Answer“How many parts does the UK consist of and what are they？” _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 2．What is the name of the UK's flag? __________________

20、_____________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 3．In what areas do the four countries work together? _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 4．What are the three zones of Englan

21、d? _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 答案：1.Four and they are England，Scotland，Wales，and Northern Ireland. 2．The Union Jack. 3．The currency and international relations. 4．The zone nearest France is called the South of

22、England，the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. Ⅲ.根據(jù)對(duì)文章的理解將下面表格補(bǔ)充完整(每空一詞) Formation of the UK ·Wales was 1.________ to England in the 13th century. ·The Great Britain came into being in the 17th century，2.________ England，Wales and Scotland.

23、 ·The UK was 3.________ by getting Ireland connected in the early 20th century. Introductions to England ·People divided it into three zones and the 4.________ of its population are in the South. ·We can find more 5.________ cities in the Midlands and the North. ·Many cities are quite 6.________

24、，but they have world-famous football teams. Introductions to London ·The Romans built its 7.________ port. ·The Anglo-Saxons began the oldest buildings. ·The Vikings had an 8.________ on the vocabulary. ·The oldest castles were constructed by the Normans. 答案：1.linked　2.including　3.formed　4.maj

25、ority　5.industrial　6.small　7.oldest　8.influence 課文深層理解 Ⅰ.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容匹配段落及其大意 1．Para.1　A．Explains the differences in the four countries. 2．Para.2 B．Explains how the UK came into being. 3．Para.3 C．Explains how England is divided into three zones. 4．Para.4 D．Introduces the topic to the readers. 5．

26、Paras. 5&6 E．Explains the importance of London as a cultural and political centre in the UK. 答案：1.D　2.B　3.A　4.C　5.E Ⅱ.仔細(xì)閱讀課文選擇最佳選項(xiàng) 1．When were England and Wales linked to Scotland? A．In the 13th century AD. B．When the Great Britain was formed. C．When the southern Ireland formed its own govern

27、ment. D．When King James became King of England and Wales. 2．Where do you have to go if you want to find more about British history and culture? A．Industrial cities. B．Older but smaller towns first built by the Romans. C．The Midlands of England. D．The North of England. 3．Which invaders influen

28、ced London's language most? A．Anglo-Saxons.　　 B．Romans. C．Normans. D．Vikings. 4．From the passage，we know that________． A．a(chǎn)ll the four countries share the same educational systems B．the Romans came to England before the Anglo-Saxons C．it was easy for Northern Ireland to join England，Scotland

29、and Wales D．most of the industries are in the South of England 5．How many countries does the UK consist of? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 答案：1.D　2.B　3.A　4.B　5.C Ⅲ.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容回答下列問題 1．How can you clarify the question why different words are used to describe the four countries：England，Wales，S

30、cotland and Northern Ireland? (Para.1) _______________________________________________________ 2．Why is Wales included when England is referred to? (Para.2) _______________________________________________________ 3．How did England，Wales and Scotland become a country in a peaceful way? (Para.2)

31、_______________________________________________________ 4．What happened when the English government tried to get Ireland to join with England? (Para.2) _______________________________________________________ 5．Does the author think it is a good idea for the four countries to work together? How do

32、 you know that? (Para.3) _______________________________________________________ 6．What are the characteristics of the cities in England compared to the cities in China? (Para.4) _______________________________________________________ 7．Where can visitors find more about British history and cult

33、ure? (Para.4) _______________________________________________________ 8．Where can visitors find historical treasure in London? (Para.5) _______________________________________________________ 9．How can visitors find evidence of all the invaders? (Para.6) ________________________________________

34、_______________ 10．How can visitors make their trip to the UK enjoyable and worthwhile? (Para.6) _______________________________________________________ 答案：1.By studying British history. 2．Because Wales was linked to England in the 13th century. 3．When King James of Scotland became King of Engl

35、and and Wales，England，Wales and Scotland became a country without conflict (in a peaceful way)． 4．Northern Ireland agreed to join with England while the southern part of Ireland refused to do so by breaking away from the government. 5．Yes，he does.From “to their credit”，he knows that the author is

36、in favour of it. 6．The cities in England are generally smaller than those in China，but they each have one or two world－famous football teams. 7．They can find more about British history and culture in older but smaller towns built by the Romans. 8．They can find historical treasure in museums，theat

37、res，parks，buildings，ports and castles in London. 9．Visitors find evidence of all the invaders by looking around the countryside. 10．Visitors can make their trip to the UK enjoyable and worthwhile by keeping their eyes open. 知識(shí)聚焦 講練互動(dòng) 要點(diǎn)直擊 1．consist of由……組成/構(gòu)成(不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)) (教材原句P9)How many cou

38、ntries does the UK consist of? 英國由幾個(gè)部分組成？ 歸納拓展 consist of表示“整體包含部分”；make up表示“部分組成整體”，既可以用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)，也可以用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。在意義上，consist of相當(dāng)于be made up of/be composed of。 The book consists of nineteen chapters.＝The book is made up of nineteen chapters. 全書共有19章。 consist in在于，存在于 consist with與……一致 (1)The UK c

39、onsists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 英國由大不列顛和北愛爾蘭組成。 (2)The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colours. 這幅畫的美在于其色彩的調(diào)和。 (3)The information consists with his account. 消息與他的敘述相符合。 即學(xué)即練 完成句子。 ①救援隊(duì)由8個(gè)士兵和2個(gè)醫(yī)生組成。(一句多譯) →The rescue team ________ eight soldiers and two docto

40、rs. →The rescue team ________ eight soldiers and two doctors. →Eight soldiers and two doctors ________ the rescue team. ②The true wealth ____________________，but in what we are. 真正的財(cái)富不在于我們擁有什么，而在于我們的人格。 答案：①consists of　is made up of　make up?、赿oes not consist in what we have 2．divide...into把……分

41、成 (教材原句P9)England can be divided into three main areas. 英國被分成三大主要地區(qū)。 The teacher divided our class into five groups. 老師把我們班分成五個(gè)小組。 歸納拓展 divide sth(between/among sb)把某物分配(給某人) divide A by B用B除以A separate和divide均可與介詞into和from連用。 注意：只要介詞相同，意思就相同。 ①“把……分成……(幾部分)”除了“divide...into”外，也可以說“sepa

42、rate...into”。 The children were divided/separated into six groups for the game. 孩子們被分成六個(gè)小組做游戲。 ②“把……與……分隔開來”除了“separate...from”外，也可以說“divide...from”。 The hospital had to separate/divide the patients from the others. 醫(yī)院不得不把病人和其他人隔離開來。 (1)A year is divided into four seasons. 一年分為四個(gè)季節(jié)。 (2)He di

43、vided his time between reading and writing. 他把時(shí)間用在閱讀和寫作上。 (3)If you divide 12 by 3，you will get 4. 12除以3等于4。 易混辨析 divide/separate 詞語 辨析 divide 側(cè)重于把原來的整體分成若干部分。常與介詞between，among，by，into等搭配 separate 指把原來連在一起或靠近的事物“分隔”開來，也可指“離別”。常用的詞組有：separate...from... 即學(xué)即練 完成句子。 ①He ________ his en

44、ergies ________ politics and business. 他把精力一部分用在政治上，另一部分用在生意上。 ②Police tried to ________________________． 警察力圖把兩個(gè)打架的人分開。 ③England ________ France by the English Channel. 英國與法國被英吉利海峽隔開。 ④The job is too much for you.Why not ________ small parts among your partners? 這份工作對(duì)你來說太沉重了。為什么不把它分成幾個(gè)小部分和你的

45、同伴一起完成呢？ 答案：①divides　between?、趕eparate the two men who were fighting?、踚s separated from?、躣ivide it into 3．clarify vt.澄清；闡明；講清楚 (教材原句P9)You can clarify this question if you study British history. 如果你研究英國的歷史，你就能夠弄明白這個(gè)問題。 歸納拓展 clarify one's stand/position　闡明自己的立場 clarify the situation 澄清事實(shí)/情況

46、 clear adj. 清澈的；透明的 clarified adj. 純凈的 clarification n. 澄清；說明 (1)He left the matter to clarify gradually by itself. 他讓此事的真相逐漸自行澄清。 (2)Can you clarify this long sentence? 你能把這個(gè)長句子解釋清楚嗎？ (3)He clarified his stand on the issue of Syria on behalf of the government. 他代表政府闡明了他在敘利亞問題上的立場。 (4)Th

47、e issue you referred to at the conference needs clarification. 你在會(huì)議上提及的這個(gè)問題需要說明。 即學(xué)即練 用clarify的適當(dāng)形式填空。 ①An example will help to ________ what I mean. ②The ________ water from the factory has been recycled. ③I'm seeking ________ of the regulations. 完成句子。 ④His explanation ____________________

48、______． 他的解釋把這個(gè)謎團(tuán)澄清了。 ⑤I'll ________________________ at a proper time. 我將在合適的時(shí)候澄清我的觀點(diǎn)。 答案：①clarify?、赾larified?、踓larification?、躢larified the puzzle　⑤clarify my view 4．break away(from)掙脫(束縛)；脫離；與……斷絕關(guān)系；打破(陳規(guī)陋習(xí)等) (教材原句P10)However，the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form i

49、ts own government. 然而，愛爾蘭的南部卻不情愿這樣并分離出去建立了自己的政府。 歸納拓展 break in　　打斷；闖入；訓(xùn)練；使逐漸習(xí)慣 break into 闖入；打斷(話題)；突然……起來 break into pieces 成為碎片 break off 折斷；突然停止；暫停 break out (戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā) break through 突圍；突破 break up 分解；驅(qū)散 (1)The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him. 犯人從

50、兩名警察的看守下逃了出去。 (2)At that time，the American southern states wanted to break away from the Union. 當(dāng)時(shí)美國南方各州想脫離聯(lián)邦。 (3)She broke in with a silly question. 她突然插話提了個(gè)可笑的問題。 (4)I'm surprised to hear that the actor and his girlfriend have broken up. 聽說這個(gè)演員和女友分手了，我很吃驚。 即學(xué)即練 用介詞、副詞填空。 ①It is wrong of

51、him to break away ________ all his good friends. ②I was about to go to bed when a big man broke ________ my house. ③They decided to break ________ the partnership. ④Scientists think they are beginning to break ________ in the fight against cancer. ⑤She broke ________ in the middle of a sentence.

52、 答案：①from?、趇nto?、踥ff?、躷hrough?、輚p 5．to one's credit為……帶來榮譽(yù)；值得贊揚(yáng)；在……名下 (教材原句P10)To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas... 值得稱贊的是這四個(gè)國家在一些方面的確是共同合作的…… 歸納拓展 on credit　　　記賬；分期付款 be a credit to sb/sth 對(duì)……是一種榮譽(yù) do sb credit 使值得贊揚(yáng)；為……爭臉/光 (1)She has a large sum standin

53、g to her credit in the bank. 她的銀行存款還有一大筆金額。 (2)We bought a new car on credit. 我們用分期付款買了一輛新車。 (3)Such a student is a credit to the school. 這樣的學(xué)生是學(xué)校的驕傲。 (4)Your children really do you credit. 你的孩子真為你爭臉。 即學(xué)即練 單句語法填空或完成句子。 ①Nobel Prize is a great credit ________ scientists. ②They do not buy

54、anything ________ credit. ③________ his credit，Buffett has admitted his mistakes. ④_____________________(值得贊揚(yáng)的是)，John Snow finally found a cure for the severe disease. ⑤Although the young couple don't have enough money to pay for the car，they can take it ______________(賒欠)． 答案：①to　②on?、跿o　④To hi

55、s credit　⑤on credit 6．(教材原句P10) England is the largest of the four countries，and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. 在這四個(gè)國家中，英格蘭最大，為了方便起見，它大致被分為了三個(gè)地區(qū)。 歸納拓展 convenience n．方便，便利 for one's convenience 為……方便 for convenience's sake 為方便起見 at one's convenience 在……方便的時(shí)候 convenie

56、nt adj.方便的； 便利的 be convenient to sb It is convenient for sb to do sth 即學(xué)即練 單句語法填空。 ①We bought this house for its ________． ②Please come at your ________． ③The newly－built office building is equipped with many modern ________． ④Will the 3：50 train be ________ to you? 答案：①convenience　②conven

57、ience　③conveniences?、躢onvenient 7．leave...out省去；遺漏；不考慮，忽視 (教材原句P11)Which country is left out? 哪個(gè)國家沒包括在內(nèi)？ 歸納拓展 leave out中的out為副詞，接代詞作賓語時(shí)，應(yīng)把代詞置于leave與out之間。 Leave it out，please. 請把它省略掉。 leave aside不予考慮，擱置一邊 leave behind把……拋在后面；落后 leave...alone對(duì)……置之不理；讓……單獨(dú)待著 (1)He told me this sentence cou

58、ld be left out. 他告訴我這個(gè)句子可以省去。 (2)He was so absorbed in the details that he left out the main content. 他太專注于細(xì)節(jié)，以致漏掉了主要內(nèi)容。 (3)We left out the possibility of his coming. 我們沒有考慮到他會(huì)來。 (4)No one speaks to him.He's always left out. 沒人跟他講話，他總是被冷落。 即學(xué)即練 單句語法填空或完成句子。 ①You are likely to have left __

59、______ the main content.so you haven't clarified your view. ②He has left the other boys ________ in the race. ③I think we should leave her ________ and give her some time. ④Let's leave ________ the matter for a moment. ⑤Please call for me when you go；don't ________． 你去的時(shí)候來接我，可別把我落下。 ⑥When the

60、boss gets mad，______________． 當(dāng)老板生氣時(shí)，不要理他。 答案：①out?、赽ehind?、踑lone?、躠side?、輑eave me behind?、辧eave him alone 8．take the place of/take one's place代替；替換 (教材原句P12)All of the words below can take the place of said... 下面所有這些單詞都能替換“said”…… 歸納拓展 take place　發(fā)生 in place 在適當(dāng)位置上；合適的 in place of sb/sth

61、 代替某人或某物 in one's place 在某人的位置上；代替某人 out of place 不合適；不適當(dāng) She couldn't attend the meeting，so her assistant took her place. 她不能出席會(huì)議，所以由她的助手代替。 即學(xué)即練 完成句子。 ①The agency has rung up.Do you want another girl sent along ________ Miss Lewis? 辦事處已來過電話。你想讓他們派另外一個(gè)姑娘來代替路易斯小姐嗎？ ②The chairs for the c

62、oncert were all ________________． 音樂會(huì)的座椅都已擺放妥當(dāng)。 ③What would you do if you were ________________？ 如果你處在我的位置上，你會(huì)怎么做？ ④I felt ________________ among the foreigners. 在一群外國人中間我覺得不自在。 答案：①in place of?、趇n place?、踚n my place?、躱ut of place 9．break down(機(jī)器)損壞；出故障；毀掉；(人)垮掉；(關(guān)系等)中止；失?。环纸? (教材原句P13)On my

63、way to the station my car broke down. 在去車站的路上，我的車壞了。 (1)The printing machines are always breaking down. 打印機(jī)老是出故障。 (2)His health broke down under the pressure of work. 由于工作的壓力，他的健康狀況急劇惡化。 (3)Talks between the two countries have completely broken down. 兩個(gè)國家的會(huì)談已經(jīng)徹底破裂了。 即學(xué)即練 寫出下列句子中break down的

64、含義。 ①The car broke down halfway to the destination. _______________________________________________________ ②Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances. _______________________________________________________ ③I left London when my marriage broke down. ___________________

65、____________________________________ ④The bridge broke down in the big earthquake. _______________________________________________________ 答案：①出故障?、诜纸狻、壑兄埂、芸宓? 應(yīng)用落實(shí) Ⅰ.單句改錯(cuò) 每句中有1處錯(cuò)誤，找出并加以改正。 1．When first introducing to the market，these products enjoyed great success. __________________________

66、_____________________________ 2．I have arranged for a car to pick you up，because my car breaks down yesterday. _______________________________________________________ 3．Rainbow Valley is great tourist attraction，drawing many visitors every year. _______________________________________________________ 4．That delighted the fans was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. _______________________________________________________ 5．Please come and see me f