2020版高考英語新探究大一輪復習 Unit 24 Society知能演練 輕松闖關（含2019屆新題含解析）北師大版

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1、Unit 24 Society 課時練1　閱讀理解提速練 [學生用書P348(單獨成冊)] 閱讀理解 A (2019·陜西檢測二)Whenever I hear a recording of John Denver singing “Sunshine on My Shoulders”， I find myself smiling, drawn to a love of the sun and the outdoors I’ve had for years as a Michigan native. Walking barefoot to the lake, playing

2、without shirts in the sunlight, and breathing fresh air feel good. As a doctor I can tell you they are also good for your heart. Studies have found higher rates of high blood pressure among people with the lowest sun exposure. One reason may be due to nitric oxide(一氧化氮), a gas whose function is act

3、ivated when your skin is exposed to the sun’s rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks. Vitamin D, which sunlight helps your body produce, is also linked to better health. So walk outdoors for 15 to 30 minutes daily. In Japan, walking through forests to keep healthy has become a popular

4、practice. Apparently they want to enjoy the fresh air. But research on 280 volunteers found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban area. One of the consequences of modern society is that rarely is our bo

5、dy in direct contact with the ground. The earth has an electrical current. Direct contact with it may be stabilizing force for good health. Although “earthing” or “grounding” is considered alternative by mainstream medicine, research shows that the practice seems to be able to reduce heart disease r

6、isks. So, walk around barefoot wherever possible, let your backyard grass tickle your feet, and dig your toes into sandy beaches. 【解題導語】　本文是一篇議論文。作者通過敘述自己的經(jīng)歷、感受和一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，告訴人們戶外活動有益于心臟。 1．The first paragraph is meant to ________． A．show the author likes the song very much B．put forward the argumen

7、t of the passage C．suggest that the author loves nature crazily D．indicate the author is a Michigan native B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的描述可知，作者寫這段的目的是提出文章的論點。 2．Sunbathing’s good for heart because ________． A．the sun’s rays make nitric oxide work B．sunlight can help people keep warm C．the sun’s rays can

8、help replace vitamin D D．vitamin D reduces blood circulation A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“One reason may be due to nitric oxide(一氧化氮), a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the sun’s rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks.”描述可推知，日光浴對心臟有好處是因為陽光能使一氧化氮工作。 3．It’s believed

9、that walking through forests can ________． A．make people popular B．help breathe in fresh air C．reduce blood pressure D．help escape noisy cities C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“But research on 280 volunteers found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest

10、 than when they spent time in an urban area.”描述可知，人們普遍認為穿過森林可以降低血壓。 4．The best title of the passage should be ________． A．Nitric Oxide Has Magic Functions B．Walking Barefoot Builds the Body C．Sunbathing Is Good for Health D．Outdoor Activities Benefit the Heart D　解析：標題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段中的“Walkin

11、g barefoot...for your heart.”及最后一段可知，這篇文章的主旨是戶外活動有益于心臟。 B (2019·長郡中學新高三實驗班選拔考試)While beach vacations may be a great way to take your mind off work，lakes surrounded by mountains make for an even grander experience.If you are looking for peace on your vacation，we have some recommendations for you in

12、 the Caucasus(高加索)． Lake Sevan Lake Sevan is situated in the central part of Armenia，in the Gegharkunik Province.It is the largest lake in Armenia，located 6，234ft above sea level.Along the lake shore，there are various accommodations such as resorts and hotels with plenty of activities to partake s

13、uch as windsurfing，swimming and sunbathing.While there，do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments，the Sevanavank monastery，and it offers a great view of the lake as well. Paravani Lake Paravani Lake，located 6，801ft above sea level，is in the south of Georgia，near the Javakheti Plat

14、eau.At this level，altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly，or bring medication for altitude sickness.Being a volcanic lake makes for a more interesting experience.The lake is best known for fishing.Do not come home during the winter months when the lak

15、e freezes. Lake Cildir Lake Cildir is located in the Ardahan Province，east Turkey，near the borders with Georgia and Armenia.It is a large freshwater lake of eastern Turkey，and many tourists are not aware of this beautiful attraction.Lake Cildir is surrounded by mountains of the Caucasus.The lake f

16、reezes during late November.If the winter is not extremely cold，you can try some lake activities like ice skating and ice fishing. Lake Van Lake Van is the must visit of all lakes in this list，the largest lake in Turkey.Lake Van is located on the eastern shore of Turkey and is also the most access

17、ible lake there.It’s situated 5，380ft above sea level，and unique to many lakes around the world，the water is high in salt content. 【解題導語】　本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了供人們度假的好去處——高加索地區(qū)的一些湖泊。 5．If you want to visit some historic sites during your travel by a lake，you can go to________． A．Lake Cildir B．Paravani

18、 Lake C．Lake Sevan D．Lake Van C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments，the Sevanavank monastery”可知，度假期間如果你想?yún)⒂^歷史性建筑可以到Lake Sevan。故選C。 6．What is special about Lake Van? A．Its water is high in salt. B．It is a volcanic lake. C．It is globally the largest lake.

19、 D．It is surrounded by mountains. A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“and unique to many lakes around the world，the water is high in salt content”可知，Lake Van的特色是湖水的鹽度高。故選A。 7．What challenge are travelers most likely to face while visiting Paravani Lake? A．Lack of medicine. B．Volcano eruptions. C．Altitude sickn

20、ess. D．Low temperature all the year. C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“At this level，altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly，or bring medication for altitude sickness.”可知，在游覽Paravani Lake時，游客們最有可能面臨的挑戰(zhàn)就是高原反應。故選C。 C (2019·武漢畢業(yè)班5月訓練)The Maltese Islands are rich

21、in Neolithic(新石器時代的) sites. gantija in Gozo, Tarxien, and the Hagar·, Qim/Mnajdra Complex here on Malta’s south coast are perhaps the most well-known. These piles of stones are some of the earliest known man－made structures in the world. They are showing their age a bit, but what would you expect fo

22、r buildings that are five and a half thousand years old? My house was built in the year 2000 and is already in bad condition round the edges. These temples are older than the pyramids! In my opinion the temples are best seen after the visitorshave left. Come with me for a late afternoon walk down t

23、he hill past Hagar·, Qim towards the Mnajdra Complex. There are chain link fences around the temples now but we can ignore those and try to imagine why Malta’s earliest people took the trouble to build these structures on this windy and poor hillside. Of course the temples would have looked rather

24、different when they were constructed. They may have been decorated with pigments and possibly even roofed with animal skins or other materials. Who knows? We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1，000－year period or so. Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar·, Qim is the easiest if you have a c

25、ar. Or if you don’t mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi (3 km away) or urrieq (5 km away)and walk from there. Warning: although the distances are not too great, walking several kilometers in the Maltese sun can be very hard and possibly dangerous. Take water and sunscreen. 【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要

26、介紹了馬耳他的一些著名的建筑群。 8．What makes the writer wonder about the temples? A．Their history. B．Their appearance. C．How they were built. D．When they were built. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“These piles of stones are some of the earliest known man－made structures in the world.”及第二段中的“There are chain link fences ar

27、ound the temples now”以及文章大部分是對寺廟的外觀進行描述可推知，作者對這些寺廟感到好奇的地方是它們的外表。 9．What are we aware of about the construction of the temples? A．They have been transformed. B．They look the same as before. C．They were carefully designed. D．They are not what they used to be. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“We do know that t

28、hey were changed and added to over a 1，000－year period or so.”可推知，我們對寺廟的建筑結構的了解是它們不再是過去的樣子了。 10．How can we admire the sites getting the least sunburn? A．By hiking there. B．By riding a car. C．By taking water. D．By taking a bus. B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar·, Qim is the easie

29、st if you have a car.”和最后兩句話可知，我們可以通過駕車去欣賞這些地方，以便有最少的太陽光照射。 11．Where can we possibly find the text? A．In a political speech. B．In historical fiction. C．In a travel magazine. D．In a geography textbook. C　解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段中的“Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar·, Qim is the easiest if you have a c

30、ar. Or if you don’t mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi (3 km away) or Z·,urrieq (5 km away) and walk from there.”可推知，這篇文章可能來自旅游雜志。 D (2019·陜西部分學校第一學期摸底檢測)I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I encountered a courteous human being in this modern era. Recently

31、, I had to change my thinking, when I came face to face with just such a human being in a coffee place, with my two daughters.The place was crowded as usual and we had to climb steep(陡的) stairs in order to find an empty table. After enjoying coffee and snacks, we went down the narrow stairs, where t

32、here was hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down. Just as I was in the middle of the stairs, a man entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase(樓梯). I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up. I kept coming down as

33、fast as I could. My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started walking up the stairs, knowing I was a nervous sort. Nearly reaching them, I noticed the man still standing near the door. I reached my daughters and passed the strange

34、r at the entrance door which he kept holding open. I looked back, thinking he was still at the door, deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place. I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time. I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the co

35、urteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through before going up. Such well mannered people are hard to find these days when pushing is very common in our advanced but aggressive society. We applauded for his chivalry(彬彬有禮)． 【解題導語】　在這個忙碌的現(xiàn)代社會，彬彬有禮、體貼他人的品質(zhì)變得尤為

36、珍貴。作者講述了自己經(jīng)歷的一件事情，并贊揚了這種良好的品質(zhì)。 12．What is the meaning of the underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 1? A．A brave action. B．Sacrifice spirit. C．A considerate action. D．Selfish behavior. C　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文故事中的男人為作者讓路并且開門可推測出，這是一種體貼的行為，故選C項。A項意為“勇敢的行為”；B項意為“犧牲精神”；D項意為“自私的行為”。 13．What did the autho

37、r think of the man at the first sight of him? A．He was in a hurry. B．He would wait for her. C．He would pass her rudely. D．He was a man with good manners. C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up.”可知，作者本認為這個男人會粗魯?shù)財D開她上樓梯，故選C項。 14．Why did the author’s daughters

38、 worry about her? A．She was easy to be nervous. B．She took up too much space. C．She was too old to walk fast. D．She focused too much on the man. A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“knowing I was a nervous sort”可知，作者是一個很容易緊張的人，故選A項。 15．What can we learn about the man from Paragraph 4? A．He might be a waiter of

39、 the café. B．He might have an urgent business to do. C．He loved a daughter of the author. D．He would hold the door open for all. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time.”以及下文談到她們都來不及對這個男人說一聲謝謝可推知，那個男人上樓梯，一次上兩級臺階，應該是有急事要做，故選B項。 七選五 (2019·石家莊重點中學高三摸底考試)As new car prices

40、continue to climb, you can find reliable but cheap used cars for sale. Many are readily available online, but car lots and local auto auctions(拍賣) also provide excellent sources for inexpensive vehicles. Here are the tips. Search online 1．________. Some sites specialize in automotive sales and may

41、 contain hundreds of local lists. Private sellers may offer considerably lower prices for their cars than a dealer and be more receptive to negotiation. You will find dealer lists on these sites as well. Visit local auctions Though many car auctions take place online, you still can find a cheap us

42、ed car at a specialized auto auction. These auctions, available in many bigger cities, are the same ones where local dealers purchase cars for sale. 2.________， so check with your local auto auction center to confirm. 3．________ Many organizations that manage a fleet of vehicles sell their used ca

43、rs when they remove them from active service. Car rental companies frequently sell late model, relatively low mileage former rental cars for well below the price a dealer would charge for a similar vehicle. For a very cheap used car, consider buying retired police cars and government surplus vehicle

44、s.4.________． Be prepared to negotiate 5．________， you will likely have the opportunity to negotiate for a lower sales price. When negotiating with a dealer, according to the financial magazine Forbes, you may be able to get the lowest possible price on the last day of the month, a day with poor w

45、eather, or late at night on the weekend. Negotiations with a private seller often are more direct and consist of simply offering your ideal and reasonable price. A．Consider retired vehicles B．Ask advice from local dealers C．These cars will help you save a lot D．Unless you buy your used car in an

46、 auction E．Rules can vary significantly from auction to auction F．When you find a chance to ask about the local situation G．Many private individuals start with online classified websites 【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了購買廉價二手車的攻略。 1．G　解析：根據(jù)空后的“Some sites specialize in automotive sales and may contain hund

47、reds of local lists.”可推知，一些網(wǎng)站專門提供售車信息而且可能包含數(shù)以百計的當?shù)氐能囕v清單，因此從分類網(wǎng)站著手是個不錯的選擇，所以選G選項。 2．E　解析：根據(jù)空后的“so check with your local auto auction center to confirm”可推知，汽車拍賣行很多，規(guī)定也各不相同，因此要去當?shù)氐钠嚺馁u中心確認才行，所以選E選項。 3．A　解析：根據(jù)空處所在的位置及文章結構可知，空處為段落小標題，并結合對本段的整體理解可推知，本段主要推薦了被很多組織清除出來進行銷售的二手車，故A項符合語境。本段中的“retired police c

48、ars”也是提示。 4．C　解析：承接上文“For a very cheap used car, consider buying retired police cars and government surplus vehicles.”可推知，這些車比較便宜，可以節(jié)省不少費用。所以C選項符合語境。 5．D　解析：根據(jù)空后的“you will likely have the opportunity to negotiate for a lower sales price”并結合上文推薦去拍賣行購車可推知，不去拍賣行購車的話，你將有可能和銷售商談成較低的購車價，所以選D選項。 課時練2　知識

49、運用板塊練 [學生用書P351(單獨成冊)] 完形填空 The other evening we had a knock at the door. It was a new __1__ who introduced himself and his boys to us. He also __2__ us to a block party as a way to know the people in the neighborhood as well as celebrating the first anniversary of his two __3__ sons coming t

50、o live with him. We’ve lived here for almost six years and __4__ has ever come to introduce themselves. I suppose we should have __5__ it on to introduce ourselves to people moving in, but we haven’t. In my opinion, it took the initiative(首創(chuàng)) of a young __6__ and his adopted sons to show me how I

51、 could __7__ better attention to my own community. We have many __8__ friends but I have to admit that I haven’t usually been the one to develop the __9__ in my own neighborhood. This experience __10__ me of one of my favorite quotes, “When I was a young man, I wanted to change the world. I found

52、it was __11__ to change the world, so I tried to change my nation. When I found I couldn’t change the nation, I began to __12__ my town. I couldn’t change the town and as a(n) __13__ man, I tried to change my __14__. Now, as an old man, I __15__ the only thing I can change is myself, and __16__ I re

53、alize that if long ago I had changed myself, I could have made an impact(影響) on my family and __17__ on my town. The impact could have changed the nation and I could __18__ have changed the world.” For those of us who want to make a(n) __19__ in the world, it’s important to remember “Think globally

54、, but __20__ locally.” For me, I’m going to make it a point to meet more of my neighbors—starting now. 【解題導語】　新搬來的鄰居主動上門作自我介紹，并邀請作者參加社區(qū)聚會，這讓作者有了很多感慨。要想改變世界，首先要改變自己。作者決定從身邊做起，多見一些鄰居，關注自己的社區(qū)。 1．A.stranger B．classmate C．beggar D．neighbor D　解析： 根據(jù)下文的“as a way to know the people in the neighborhood

55、”及第二段中的“I suppose...to introduce ourselves to people moving in”可知，敲門的是一個新鄰居。故選D。 2．A.invited B．commanded C．persuaded D．encouraged A　解析： 此處指邀請“我們”參加一個街區(qū)聚會。invite“邀請”；command“命令”；persuade“說服”；encourage“鼓勵”。故選A。 3．A.adopted B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．a(chǎn)dapted D．a(chǎn)nnoyed A　解析： 根據(jù)下文的“his adopted sons”可知，他要慶祝和他

56、收養(yǎng)的兒子一起生活一周年。故選A。 4．A.anyone B．someone C．everyone D．no one D　解析： 根據(jù)下文的“I suppose we should have...the initiative(首創(chuàng)) of a young ______ and his adopted sons”可知，“我們”已經(jīng)住在這里將近六年了，從沒有人過來介紹他們自己。故選D。 5．A.put B．made C．taken D．turned C　解析： 此處指“我們”本應承擔向搬進來的人作自我介紹的責任。故選C。take on“承擔(責任)”。 6．A.student

57、 B．man C．woman D．mother B　解析： 根據(jù)上文可知，新搬來的是一位男士和他收養(yǎng)的孩子們。故選B。 7．A.draw B．lose C．pay D．offer C　解析： 此處指更好地關注“我”自己的社區(qū)。故選C。pay attention to“注意”。 8．A.foreign B．local C．old D．rich B　解析： “我們”有許多當?shù)氐?local)朋友，但“我”不得不承認，“我”通常不會在“我”自己的街區(qū)發(fā)展友誼。故選B。 9．A.trouble B．friendship C．concern D．business B

58、　解析： 參見上題解析。故選B。 10．A.reminded B．told C．warned D．convinced A　解析： remind sb. of sth.“使某人想起某事”；tell sb. sth.“告訴某人某事”； warn sb. of sth.“警告某人某事”；convince sb. of sth.“使某人相信某事”。根據(jù)搭配首先排除B；這個經(jīng)歷使“我”想起了“我”最喜歡的引言之一。故選A。 11．A.difficult B．easy C．interesting D．right A　解析： 根據(jù)下文的“so I tried to change my n

59、ation”可知，此處表示“我發(fā)現(xiàn)改變世界是很難的”。故選A。 12．A.make out B．concentrate on C．get into D．refer to B　解析： “當我發(fā)現(xiàn)不能改變國家時，我就開始致力于改變我所在的城鎮(zhèn)”。make out“辨認出，理解”；concentrate on“集中精力于”；get into“開始參與”； refer to“參考，提及”。故選B。 13．A.smarter B．younger C．older D．taller C　解析： 上文講述自己年輕時的想法，下文說自己作為一個老人的想法，以時間為序陳述。故選C。 14．A.

60、state B．family C．town D．mind B　解析： 根據(jù)下文可知，“我意識到如果以前改變自己，就可以改變家庭、城鎮(zhèn)、國家乃至世界”。故選B。 15．A.explain B．forget C．realize D．regret C　解析： “如今，作為一名老人，我意識到唯一能改變的是自己”。故選C。 16．A.happily B．suddenly C．a(chǎn)ctually D．luckily B　解析： 此處指突然間意識到。故選B。 17．A.merely B．still C．only D．even D　解析： 此處表示遞進關系。merely“僅

61、僅”；still“仍然”；only“僅僅”； even“甚至”。故選D。 18．A.indeed B．hardly C．never D．seldom A　解析： 此處表示“我確實本來可以改變世界”，為肯定意義，排除B、C和D；indeed“確實，甚至”；hardly“幾乎不”；never“從不”；seldom“很少，不常”。故選A。 19．A.decision B．difference C．a(chǎn)pology D．mistake B　解析： 此處指“那些想要對世界產(chǎn)生影響的人”。make a decision“做決定”；make a difference“有影響，起作用”；ma

62、ke an apology“道歉”；make a mistake“出錯”。故選B。 20．A.behave B．a(chǎn)ct C．move D．operate B　解析： 該句表示“放眼全球，立足地方”，指可進行全球化思考，但要在當?shù)夭扇⌒袆?。behave“舉止，表現(xiàn)”；act“行動”；move“移動”；operate“操作”。故選B。 語法填空 I can still recall the day when I sat on the stairs of a temple in Nepal. The square before the temple 1.____________(be

63、come) very muddy as a result of the rain. We had to walk on a path made by a line of bricks on the muddy ground. A friend of 2.____________(I) complained all the way while she stepped on the bricks 3.____________(walk) towards me. Looking around she said very 4.____________(patience), “Disgusting i

64、ndeed! What 5.____________ I fall into the dirty water？” Since I knew her very well, I nodded cautiously 6.____________(comfort) her by my silent sympathy. A few minutes later another friend came 7.____________ the same scene. She stepped on the brick path dancing briskly and singing, “Jump, jump,

65、 jump！” until she reached the dry ground. She couldn’t help shouting, “8.____________ fun it is！” Eyes beaming with joy, she made the remarks, “The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can 9.____________(entire) be free from dust.” In the eyes of the two there 10.____________(be) two

66、 different worlds. As the world has a population of 7 billion, it follows that there should be 7 billion worlds. 【解題導語】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者回憶起在尼泊爾發(fā)生的一件事：兩位朋友在面對雨后泥濘的道路時，看法完全不一樣，一位為此而抱怨，一位則為此而欣喜。因此，不同的人眼中的世界是不同的。 1．became/had become　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處可用一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的動作；因為“道路變得泥濘”這一動作發(fā)生在“sat”之前，所以此處也可用過去完成時。故填became/had become。 2．mine　解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，作者的一位朋友一路上一直在抱怨，此處應用I的名詞性物主代詞作介詞“of”的賓語。故填mine。 3．walking　解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，主語“she”和動詞walk之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，所以此處應用walk的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。故填walking。 4．impatien