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1、題型三　詞義猜測題 語篇出處：2019年全國卷Ⅲ·B篇　語篇類型：說明文　主題語境：中國時(shí)尚 　 For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative. “It's no secret that China has always been a source (來源) of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A＋E Network

2、s, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion (時(shí)尚) shows. Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese ae

3、sthetics (美學(xué)) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences. “China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion cam

4、paigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chines

5、e. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking_on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill. For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models

6、, and so are the consumers，” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging

7、that in many ways.” 1.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York？ A.It promoted the sales of artworks. B.It attracted a large number of visitors. C.It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D.It aimed to introduce Chinese models. 2.What does Hill say about Chinese women？ A.They are setting t

8、he fashion. B.They start many fashion campaigns. C.They admire super models. D.They do business all over the world. 3.What do the underlined words “taking on” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A.learning from B．looking down on C.working with D．competing against 4.What can be a suitable title for the t

9、ext？ A.Young Models Selling Dreams to the World B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York C.Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics D.Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends 題1：題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“about the exhibition in New York”，定位于文中第三段。第三段最后一句“The exhibition had record

10、 attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.”在紐約的時(shí)尚展覽出席率創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄，顯示出人們對中國的影響有著巨大的興趣。由此可判斷，此次展覽吸引了大量的參觀者。選B。 題2：定位到第四段，由關(guān)鍵詞“Chinese models ..., which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.”可知，中國婦女不僅僅是時(shí)尚的消費(fèi)者，她們也是時(shí)尚運(yùn)動(dòng)的核心。由此可知，中國婦

11、女正在開創(chuàng)新風(fēng)尚。選A。 題3：根據(jù)第四段中的“... and beating them hands down in design and sales”可知，在設(shè)計(jì)上和銷售上打敗了他們。由此可以推知，該短語的意思是“與……競爭”。選D。 題4：文章第一段提到“對于西方設(shè)計(jì)師來說，中國及其豐富的文化一直是西方創(chuàng)意的靈感源泉?！弊詈笠欢翁岬健皩τ贖ill來說，在談?wù)摃r(shí)尚時(shí)，我們不可能不談?wù)撝袊念I(lǐng)先地位?！庇纱丝梢酝茰y，本文標(biāo)題應(yīng)為“中國文化催生國際時(shí)尚潮流”。選D。 考法1　代詞指代類——“順藤摸瓜”法 典例片段　(2019·南京鹽城?？?So, now yo

12、u know what style is, you'll need to buy some clothes. But where? In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand clothes at charity shops. They're great if you want exclusive labels but don't want to pay the price. The only difficulty is discovering where the really good bargains are. But

13、 don't worry, Leila Gray can help you here. She's the proud owner of a vintage Hardy Amies coat, picked up at a charity shop for ￡20—a good deal when you realize it cost more than ￡800 new. “You have to go to the richer areas of a city，” she says. “That's where all the labels are. It can take a bit

14、of hunting around, but that is half the fun, and there's a lot of buried treasure just waiting to be discovered.” What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to？ A.Getting clothes of leading brands. B.Buying clothes at rather low prices. C.Searching for really good bargains. D.Sta

15、rting a charity shop selling clothes. 第一步　鎖定內(nèi)容： 內(nèi)容與主題語境中的購物有關(guān)。 第二步　明確句意： “它可能需要多逛一逛，但這是一半的樂趣，還有很多埋藏的寶藏等待被發(fā)現(xiàn)?！? 第三步　分析文本： 上文提到“The only difficulty is discovering where the really good bargains are.”唯一困難的是找到有物美價(jià)廉商品的地方。該句提到需要多逛一逛，后面提到還會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)寶藏。由此推知，多逛一下就能發(fā)現(xiàn)物美價(jià)廉的物品。選C。 考法2　詞義猜測類——“線索追蹤”法 典例片

16、段　(2018·江蘇高考，B篇)Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldn't tell how much they'd had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none_the_wiser—they didn't feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert. The underlined phras

17、e “none the wiser” in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were ________. A.not aware of eating more than usual B.not willing to share food with others C.not conscious of the food quality D.not fond of the food provided 第一步　考查內(nèi)容： 內(nèi)容與主題語境有關(guān)，即燈光與吃飯多少的關(guān)系。 第二步　分析句意： “在昏暗的燈光

18、下顧客無法判斷吃了多少食物”，“吃多了也不會(huì)覺得飽”，用的是語境理解法。 第三步　對比選項(xiàng)： 文中“ate more than everyone else”和“didn't feel fuller”與選項(xiàng)A中的信息“not aware of eating more than usual”一致，故選A。 考法3　句意猜測類——“意義吻合”法 典例片段　(2019·北京海淀?？?In December 2017, I attended a conference ... I felt fortunate that I hadn't made that many mistakes in m

19、y own life. Those women ... failed ... I was starting to feel sorry for them. Then, ... I heard the words: “Don't be so proud of yourself. You haven't made any mistakes because you haven't lived at all. Look how boring your life is.” ... ... The voice was right. There weren't many at all. I had

20、 followed a straight path for 38 years. ... In fact, at 38, I had only had three jobs. “The_devil_(魔鬼)_you_know_is_better_than_the_one_you_don't” was my motto. A quick review of my life made me realize that it was the actions I hadn't taken that I was suddenly regretting ... What does the underlin

21、ed sentence in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A.The familiar devil is more frightening. B.Saying “no” is better than saying “yes”. C.It's better to stay within the comfort zone. D.You'd better change your job more frequently. 第一步　主旨大意： 作者本來對自己安逸的生活感到幸運(yùn)，后來感覺到應(yīng)該不畏失敗，去嘗試新的生活。 第二步　分析句意： 關(guān)鍵詞“f

22、ollowed a straight path for 38 years”38年來按部就班地生活、工作。座右銘是“安于現(xiàn)狀”。 第三步　對比選項(xiàng)： 畫線部分與選項(xiàng)C中的信息一致，即“待在舒適區(qū)更好些”。 (2019·河南鄭州模考)語篇類型：記敘文　主題語境：特色工作 A young Los Angeles actor in need of a second job to pay his bills has come up with a brilliant way to supplement his income—people walking. Chuck McCarthy or

23、iginally considered becoming a dog walker to earn some extra cash, but soon realized that the job required more than walking dogs on a leash. However, walking people didn't require much when they were out on walks. Chuck realized there was money to be made if he walked people around Los Angeles inst

24、ead. It might sound like a joke, but The People Walker, as he calls himself, is very serious about his new job. For $7 per mile, he offers to walk with clients around L．A., listening to their problems or simply making conversations and offering them a sense of security. At 6-feet, 2-inches, and spo

25、rting a bulky figure and bushy beard, Chuck doesn't look like the kind of guy you'd want to mess with. Chuck's services are aimed at people who need a motivational boost to go walking, those who don't feel safe walking alone in some areas, and those who are afraid that people might see them walking

26、 by themselves and think that they have no friends. “I wear my The People Walker shirt upon request and on the first walk with a new client, so they can be 100% sure it's me，” McCarthy says. However, he admits some people are a bit uncomfortable with this policy, as they don't necessarily want every

27、one to know that they're being walked. So far, Chuck McCarthy has already had another five people walkers employed, covering various areas, like downtown L．A., Hollywood, Eagle Rock, or Fairfax. Once he posted signs around the city, his phone started ringing and clients began rolling in. And with a

28、ll the free publicity he has been getting in the press lately, more requests are coming. While he hopes that his acting career will pick up soon, in the meantime Chuck is very happy with his people walking business. After all, it's literally a walk in the park and it pays the bills. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文，

29、主要講了一位演員為了生活自創(chuàng)了一份新的工作——陪人們散步、遛彎。 1.What does the underlined word “supplement” in Paragraph 1 mean？ A.Save. B．Increase. C.Change. D．Invest. 答案：B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該句可知，這位演員需要第二份工作來支付他的賬單，所以他想出了一個(gè)方法來增加他的收入。因此這里supplement是“增加”的意思。 2.Which service of The People Walker isn't mentioned in the text？ A.Chee

30、ring up the clients. B.Accompanying the clients. C.Buying the clients food. D.Offering a sense of security. 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第四段第一句“Chuck's services are aimed at people who need a motivational boost to go walking, those who don't feel safe walking alone in some areas, and those who are afraid that

31、 people might see them walking by themselves and think that they have no friends.”可知，The People Walker可以提供的幫助是使顧客精神振奮，陪伴他們，給予安全感，沒有提及給顧客買食物。 3.Why do people prefer Chuck to walk without wearing The People Walker shirt？ A.To keep the walk comfortable. B.To avoid being recognized. C.To attract mor

32、e new friends. D.To keep themselves alone. 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“However, he admits some people are a bit uncomfortable with this policy, as they don't necessarily want everyone to know that they're being walked.”可知，人們認(rèn)為如果他穿著襯衣，會(huì)讓別人知道他們找了people walker，這樣他們會(huì)感到不舒服，所以他們更喜歡他不穿這件襯衣。 4.What do we kn

33、ow about Chuck McCarthy from the text？ A.He has lost confidence in his acting career. B.He hopes to find excitement in people walking. C.He has inspired other people to be more creative. D.He earns more as a people walker than as an actor. 答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一段可知，Chuck從事people walker可以支付他的賬單，而做藝人

34、時(shí)則支付不起，所以做people walker應(yīng)該比做藝人掙得多。 　 client n. 客戶；顧客；委托人　a sense of security 安全感　motivational adj. 激發(fā)性的；動(dòng)機(jī)的　boost n. 提高，增加；幫助　vt. 促進(jìn)，推動(dòng) 　 第四段第一句：Chuck's services are aimed at people who need a motivational boost to go walking, those who don't feel safe walking alone in some areas, and those who a

35、re afraid that people might see them walking by themselves and think that they have no friends. 譯文：Chuck的服務(wù)對象是那些需要?jiǎng)恿ν苿?dòng)去散步的人，那些在某些地區(qū)獨(dú)自行走感到不安全的人，以及那些害怕人們看到他們獨(dú)自行走并認(rèn)為他們沒有朋友的人。 分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，分別修飾先行詞people, those, those。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，分別作are afraid和動(dòng)詞think的賓語。 專題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練(三) (1) (2019·河南八市重點(diǎn)聯(lián)盟?？?For

36、most of her life, Suanne Laqueur's passion for storytelling was shown on the dance floor. Although Laqueur began writing at a young age, dancing always took center stage. She majored in dance and theater at Alfred University and taught at her mother's dance studio in Croton-on-Hudson, New York, for

37、 years. But when her mother was ready to retire and an opportunity opened for Laqueur to take over the studio, she realized she had no interest in taking on the business side of her art: “Owning a studio is a lot of work—financially, logistically. I love the teaching, the choreographing (編舞), the st

38、aging, but I didn't want to own it.” Yet Laqueur's disinterest in running the studio changed when she became a self-published author. In the fall of 2013, she decided to pursue self-publishing as a way of sharing her first completed novel with friends and family. During the process, she realized th

39、at following her true passion—telling stories through writing—made the business of the art worthwhile, and owning that business meant she could direct her writing career however she chose. Starting with her second self-published novel, she began investing more time in marketing and building her aud

40、ience. Her investment paid off. Since 2014, Laqueur, now 49, has self-published six novels, which collectively have hundreds of ratings and reviews on Goodreads. Her 2016 novel An Exaltation of Larks stole_the_show at the 25th Annual Writer's Digest Self-Published Book Awards, topping more than 2,30

41、0 entries to win the grand prize. “You have to write the most truthful story to you, and I think self-publishing allows that freedom，” she says. “If you work with traditional publishing, it's more about what's marketable. There are trade-offs, which everyone will tell you, but by self-publishing I

42、have control of the book, I have control of the story, and I'm cool with that.” 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了舞蹈演員Suanne Laqueur成功自助出版小說的經(jīng)歷。 1.From Paragraph 2, we can learn that Laqueur ________. A.wanted to own a publishing house B.didn't like teaching dancing in fact C.was a part-time writer when she was

43、 young D.was interested in running her mother's studio 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段第一句可知，盡管Laqueur小時(shí)候開始寫作，舞蹈仍然是她的主要職業(yè)。由此可知她年輕時(shí)是一名業(yè)余作家。 2.What made Laqueur change her attitude to business？ A.Her mother's persuasion. B.Self-publishing her novels. C.The desire to make money. D.Her own passion toward art.

44、答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句可知，當(dāng)她自助出版自己的小說時(shí)，她對經(jīng)營工作室的想法改變了。 3.Which of the following can best replace the phrase “stole the show” in Paragraph 4？ A.became a failure B．was shown to people C.got all the attention D．was accidentally stolen 答案：C　詞義猜測題。由后半句“topping more than 2,300 entries to win the grand

45、prize”可知，她2016 年的小說《云雀的崛起》獲得第二十五屆年度作家文摘自助出版圖書獎(jiǎng)。由此可推知，她的書獲得了所有的關(guān)注，C項(xiàng)符合語境。 4.What can be inferred from what Laqueur's said？ A.She enjoys the way of self-publishing. B.She will never use traditional publishing. C.Traditional publishing only focuses on the market. D.Self-publishing will replace tra

46、ditional publishing. 答案：A　推理判斷題。依據(jù)最后一段中的“I think self-publishing allows that freedom ... and I'm cool with that”可知，她喜歡自助出版的方式。 　 passion n. 熱愛　logistically adv. 在后勤方面　marketable adj. 暢銷的；有銷路的 　 最后一段最后一句：There are trade-offs, which everyone will tell you, but by self-publishing I have control of

47、 the book, I have control of the story, and I'm cool with that. 譯文：每個(gè)人都會(huì)告訴你，任何事情都有利有弊，但是通過自助出版，我能把控整本書和故事的寫作。 分析：這是一個(gè)含有定語從句的并列復(fù)合句，but連接兩個(gè)分句。在第一個(gè)分句中，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的trade-offs。 (2) (原創(chuàng)題) Tips for Running in the Morning There are so many great reasons to run in the morning. It's a great way

48、 to wake up and watch the world awaken with you. This is not to suggest that getting into the habit is easy, especially if you're not a morning person. But there are ways to ease you into the routine and in ways you may even enjoy. ◆Teach Yourself Good Sleep Habits Building a morning running habit

49、 starts with a good night's sleep. According to the American Sleep Association, you can train yourself to sleep at an earlier hour if you： ·Plan to go to sleep at the same time every night. ·Avoid TV, reading, or electronic devices an hour before bedtime. ·Avoid coffee or alcohol three hours befo

50、re bedtime. ·Have a nightly routine, such as a warm bath, meditation (冥想), or listening to calming music. ◆Sleep in Your Running Clothes It's hard to blow_off a run when you're already dressed for it. If you really want to get a jump start and find motivation as soon as you open your eyes, simply

51、 wear your running clothes to bed. ◆Put Your Alarm Clock out of Reach？ When your alarm clock goes off early in the morning, you may want to get a couple of more minutes' sleep. If you're struggling to get up, place the alarm clock across the room so that you have to get out of bed to turn it off.

52、The more steps you put between you and the bed, the less likely you are to fall back asleep. ◆Eat Smart It is never good to run on an empty stomach. After a long night's sleep, you have little to draw upon in the way of energy. If you head out the door having eaten nothing at all, you will likely

53、experience tiredness, muscle pain, shortness of breath, and weakness. Worst yet, you may convince yourself that you're “not made for morning runs，” when, in fact, you're not feeding yourself properly. 1.According to the writer, which is right for building a morning running habit？ A.When to go to

54、 bed is not so important. B.Doing some reading just before bed. C.Drinking some coffee or tea to calm. D.Just sitting there thinking nothing at all. 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，養(yǎng)成晨跑習(xí)慣從睡個(gè)好覺開始，再根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“meditation”可知，睡前冥想有助于睡眠，從而有助于培養(yǎng)晨跑習(xí)慣。故選D。 2.What does the underlined phrase “blow off” mean in Par

55、agraph 3？ A.To be taken away by wind. B.To be removed by explosion. C.To quit something. D.To get out of something. 答案：C　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)你前一晚上穿著跑步的衣服睡覺，第二天早上已經(jīng)是穿戴齊全的時(shí)候，很難忘記跑步。故選C。 3.What is the real purpose to put the alarm clock away？ A.In order not to be disturbed. B.To get a few more mi

56、nutes' sleep. C.In order to protect the alarm clock. D.To get up as soon as possible. 答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“The more steps you put between you and the bed, the less likely you are to fall back asleep.”可知，去關(guān)鬧鐘走的步數(shù)越多，越容易起床。所以把鬧鐘放遠(yuǎn)的真正目的是為了盡快起床，故選D。 4.What is the worst result of not eating anything b

57、efore morning running？ A.Feeling unfit for running. B.Feeling out of breath. C.Feeling very hungry. D.Feeling extremely tired. 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的“Worst yet, you may convince yourself that you're ‘not made for morning runs’”可知，最壞的結(jié)果是，你可能會(huì)說服自己，你不適合晨跑。故選A。 　 routine n. 常規(guī)；正常順序　electronic d

58、evices 電子設(shè)備　motivation n. 動(dòng)力，積極性　out of reach 夠不著；力量不及 　 第一段第三句：This is not to suggest that getting into the habit is easy, especially if you're not a morning person. 譯文：這并不是說養(yǎng)成這個(gè)習(xí)慣很容易，尤其是如果你不是早起的人。 分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。主句中，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作suggest的賓語。 (3) (2019·廣州市?？?The Mona Lisa effect descri

59、bes the phenomenon where the eyes in a portrait seem to follow the person looking at it, no matter where the person stands in the room. The effect was obviously named after Leonardo da Vinci's famous painting featuring the woman with the mysterious smile and the steady stare. But ironically (諷刺地), a

60、 new study finds that Mona Lisa may not be all that interested in tracking her observers. Two researchers from Bielefeld University in Germany found that the famous subject of the painting, also known as “La Gioconda”， is actually looking just over your right shoulder. For the experiment, Horstmann

61、 and his research assistant Sebastian Loth gathered two dozen participants to take a look at the eyes of the painting. But they didn't just ask them if they thought Mona Lisa was looking their way. Instead they displayed part of her face on a computer screen, then asked volunteers to measure her sta

62、re using a carpenter's ruler that was held horizontally between them and the screen. Although the computer screen and the participants stayed in the same spot, the ruler was moved closer and farther from the screen during the trial. In addition, the researchers modified the size of Mona Lisa's face

63、 and how much of her features were visible to see if that changed the perception of her stare. The images showed varying degrees of rise—from 30 to 70 percent with some showing her entire face and others showing just her eyes and nose. The researchers also moved the images several centimeters to th

64、e left and to the right, so the participants wouldn't just pick the same measurement on the ruler each time. Horstmann and Loth published their results in the journal i -perception where they were very clear in their conclusion. “We conclude from the measurements that the lack of evidences due to t

65、he declaration being objectively false: Mona Lisa does not stare at the viewer，” they wrote. “There is no doubt about the existence of the Mona Lisa effect—it just does not occur with Mona Lisa herself. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明“蒙娜麗莎效應(yīng)”并不適用于蒙娜麗莎畫像。 1.What does the new study find？ A.The Mona Lisa effect

66、does exist. B.The reason for Mona Lisa smile. C.What is the origin of the real Mona Lisa. D.Mona Lisa is not straightly looking at the viewer. 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句和最后一段可知，蒙娜麗莎并沒有直接看著觀看她的人。 2.What were the participants required to do during the experiment？ A.To operate a computer as they moved. B.To measure the direction of the stare with a ruler. C.To count the direction of the stare with a computer. D.To evaluate the distance between each participant. 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后一句可知，參加者被要求用木匠的尺子