《（浙江專用）2020版高考英語一輪復習 組合練 第3練 閱讀理解 七選五練習（含解析）》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《（浙江專用）2020版高考英語一輪復習 組合練 第3練 閱讀理解 七選五練習（含解析）（9頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網上搜索。
1、第3練 閱讀理解 七選五
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2018·陜西西安地區(qū)八校聯考)
Babbage，borninLondonin1791，wasagreatmathematicalgenius.Hewasanaturalinventor.
Whenhefinishedschool，hewenttostudymathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.Later，hegotajobteachingattheuniversity.Whileworkingthere，hedesignedhis“firstdifferenceengine”．Thiswas，basicall
2、y，ahand-operatedmechanicalcalculator.
Hetooknineyearstobuildapartofthemachine.Thismachinecanmakecomplexmathematicalcalculations.It’sabasicmechanicalcomputer.
Babbagedreamed，however，ofmorecomplicatedmachines.Infact，hedidn’tonlydream; hebegantodesignthem.Theresultwasaseriesof“analyticalengines”which
3、wereinfactpowerfulcomputers!
Hisdesignscontainedprocessors，controlunits，amemoryandaninput/outputsystem.Thesearethefouressentialpartsofamodernmathematicalcomputer!
Alas! His“seconddifferenceengine”couldn’tuseelectricitysincethishadn’tyetbecomeausablesourceofpower，soBabbagehadtomakedowithmechanicals
4、ystems.Forthisreason，themachinewasbig，complicatedandexpensive.ThoughBabbageproducedcompleteplansforthemachine，hecouldn’tbuildit.Itwastooadvancedforitsage!
Itwasnotuntilalmost160yearslaterthatBabbage’s“seconddifferenceengine”wasfinallymanufactured.ThefirstworkingversionofthismachinewasbuiltbytheScie
5、nceMuseuminLondon，fortheBabbagebicentenaryin1991.AsecondmachinewasthenbuiltforanAmericanhigh-techmillionaire，whoputitintheComputerHistoryMuseum，inCalifornia.
Babbage’sanalyticalengineswouldhaveused“programs”likethoseusedinthetextile(紡織) industrytomakecomplicatedpatterns，buttheywereneverbuilt.Thisbr
6、illiantmathematicianreallywastoofaraheadofhistime!
1．WheredidBabbageplanhis“firstdifferenceengine”？
A．InLondon. B．Athighschool.
C．AtCambridge. D．InScienceMuseum.
2．The“seconddifferenceengine”wasbuilttoworkin1991.
A．foranAmericanmillionaire
B．inmemoryofBabbage
C．totestitsabilitytouseelectricit
7、y
D．fortextileindustrytomakepatterns
3．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A．Babbage’senginesdidn’trunonprograms.
B．Textilepatternsareproducedwithprograms.
C．Babbagecanbeseenasthefatherofcomputers.
D．Babbage’sanalyticalengineswereneverbuilt.
B
Withgoldensunshineandagentlebreeze，autumnisthemostbeautif
8、ulseasonintheyear.Thisisagreattimetogooutsideandhavefun.Gotoavalleytoseeredmapletrees，goandpickfruitinanorchardorfindanopenfieldtoflyyourkitein.
However，formanyhighschoolstudents，thesegreatactivitiesmaybejustadream.Withplentyofworktodo，theyspendalltheirhoursindoors，strugglingforahighmarkintheirexam
9、s.Ofcourse，studyisoneofthemostimportantthingsforteenagers.Butlifeisdefinitelymuchmorethanthat.
Sometimeswespendsomuchtimestudyingthatweforgethowtomakelifewonderful.Indoingso，welosetherealpurposeoflife—tobeavaluableandhappyperson.Toenjoyjusthowgreatitistobealive，wehavetoputdownourbooksandpensandlook
10、aroundus.Students，takesomeexercisetoimproveyourhealth，talkwithyourparentsandfriendsforunderstandingandwalkaroundoutsidetorefreshyourbodyandmind.
Goingoutandenjoyingthebeautifulcountrysideoftenhelpsourcreativityinourwork.Chinesecraftsman，LuBan，createdasawtohelpwoodworkers.Butifhehadn’twalkedoutside，
11、hewouldnothavebeeninspiredbyakindoftoothedgrass.WecouldalsosupposethatifNewtonhadn’trestedunderthatappletree，thenhewouldn’thavebeenhitbyanapple，andhisclassictheorieswouldnothavecomeout.
Goingoutisnotonlyabreakfromhardwork，butachancetoaddtolifeexperience.Socomeon，giveyourbrainagoodrest.Stepoutoftheb
12、ooksandgetyourbagreadyforanautumnouting.Wearesureyouwillgetmuchmorethanknowledgefromtheexcitingjourney.
4．Inwhichparagraphdoesthewritermakeasummaryabouthisopinion?
A．Paragraph1. B．Paragraph2.
C．Paragraph5. D．Paragraph4.
5．Whyisgoingoutadreamformanyhighschoolstudents?
A．Theyareunhappytodoso.
B．
13、Theirparentsdon’tallowthemtodoso.
C．Theythinkstudyisthemostimportantthingforthem.
D．Theyhavetoomuchworktodoforgettinghighmarksintheexams.
6．Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby.
A．makingpredictions
B．reasoningandgivingexamples
C．describingthebeautifulsceneryinautumn
D．pointingoutthepresentsituationo
14、fhighschoolstudents
7．Whatmessagecanyougetfromthepassage?
A．Natureispower.
B．AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.
C．Theauthorisn’thappywithoureducationatall.
D．Goingoutcanmakehighschoolstudentsgetmore.
C
WhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclass，amonitorafewhundredmilesaway
15、waswatchinghereverymove.
UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifer’sLosAngelesapartment，themonitorinPhoenixtrackedhowfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistenedforthesecretsoundsofapossiblehelperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslocked—remotely—topreventInternetsearches，andhertypingstylewasanalyzedt
16、omakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas：Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast？Orwassheslowingdown?
Inthebattleagainstcheating，thisisthecuttingedgeandakeytoencouragehonestyintheboomingfieldofonlineeducation.Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem，totheinstitutionandtoonlineeducationing
17、eneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheating，expertssay，canInternetuniversitiesshowthattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalid—thatstudentshaven’tjustsearchedtheInternettogettherightanswers.
Althoughonlineclasseshaveexistedformorethanadecade，theconcernovercheatinghasbecomesharperinthelastyearwiththegrowthof“o
18、penonlinecourses.”Privatecolleges，publicuniversitiesandcorporationsarejumpingintotheonlineeducationfield.Spendingmillionsofdollarstoattractpotentialstudents，whilealsotakingstepstohelpguaranteehonestyatadistance.
Asidefromthewebcameras，anumberofotherhigh-techmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Amo
19、ngthemareprogramsthatcheckstudents’identitiesusingpersonalinformation，suchasthetelephonenumberstheyonceused.
Otherprogramscanproduceuniqueexamsbydrawingonalargelistofquestionsandcanrecognizepossiblecheatersbyanalyzingwhetherdifficulttestquestionsareansweredatthesamespeedaseasyones.Asinmanyuniversit
20、yclasses，termpapersarescannedagainstsomelargeInternetdatabanksforcheating.
8．WhywasJenniferwatchedinanonlineexam?
A．Tocorrecthertypingmistakes.
B．Tofindhersecretsintheroom.
C．Topreventherfromslowingdown.
D．Tokeepherfromdishonestbehaviors.
9．Theunderlinedexpression“cuttingedge”inParagraph3isclo
21、sestinmeaningto.
A．advancedtechnique B．sharpeningtool
C．effectiverule D．dividingline
10．Theauthorofthispassagewantstotellus.
A．whattheInterneteducationis
B．theimportanceofthewebcameratoday
C．whenthestudentscancheat
D．howtobeatstudentsexamcheatingonline
Ⅱ.七選五
(2018·江西紅色七校聯考)
DoPeopleNeedSma
22、llTalktoBeHappy?
Psychologists(心理學家) havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness，butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy, researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.
11Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebon
23、ding.Latelastyear，Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones，andisn’tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.
Still，chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments，psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowp
24、assenger—somethingtheytypicallyavoided.12Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.
Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat，madeeyecontactwith，andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服務員)，reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易)．13One
25、reportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers，thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.
14Inonestudy，peoplewhowererated“l(fā)esscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown，andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswh
26、entheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露)．Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.15
A．Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.
B．Theyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappiness.
C．Butdon’tplaydownsmalltalkjus
27、tyet.
D．Ofcourse，somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.
E．A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded，canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”．
F．Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.
G．Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.
答案精析組合練
Ⅰ.
28、
1．C [細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“When he finished school，he went to study mathematics at Cambridge University.Later，he got a job teaching at the university.While working there，he designed his ‘first difference engine’．”可知，巴貝奇在劍橋大學計劃他的“first difference engine”。故選C。]
2．B [細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“It was not until almost
29、160 years later that Babbage’s ‘second difference engine’ was finally manufactured.The first working version of this machine was built by the Science Museum in London，for the Babbage bicentenary in 1991.”可知，the “second difference engine”在1991年被制造是為了紀念巴貝奇誕辰二百周年。故選B。]
3．C [推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了巴貝奇對計算機發(fā)明
30、作出的巨大貢獻。由此可知，巴貝奇可以被看作是計算機之父。]
語篇解讀 文中作者列舉了當今高中生忙于學習沒時間外出的現狀，說明了外出會有很多收獲，鼓勵學生們走出去，去獲取更多東西。
4．C [推理判斷題。根據最后一段第一句和最后一句可知，作者認為外出是一種增加生活經驗的機會，我們會從激動人心的旅程中獲得更多的知識。本段總結了作者的觀點。故選C。]
5．D [細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第二句可知，高中生們有大量的作業(yè)要做，要把所有的時間用于學習考高分。對于他們來說外出活動就是一個夢想。故選D。]
6．B [推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“In doing so，we lose the real
31、 purpose of life—to be a valuable and happy person.To enjoy just how great it is to be alive，we have to put down our books and pens and look around us.”可知是運用了論證的方法；第四段中的“Lu Ban，created a saw to help woodworkers...We could also suppose that if Newton hadn’t rested under that apple tree...”是運用了舉例來說明自己
32、的觀點。故選B。]
7．D [推理判斷題。根據全文可知，作者認為高中生走出去是一種增加生活經驗的機會，會從激動人心的旅程中獲得更多的知識，鼓勵學生們多出去走走。故選D。]
語篇解讀 網絡教育越來越受歡迎，但是在考試時如何防止考生作弊呢？本文介紹了幾種遏制網絡考試中作弊現象的方法。
8．D [推理判斷題。根據第二段提到的監(jiān)控內容以及第三段的“In the battle against cheating...”可知，對Jennifer進行監(jiān)控是為了防止她考試作弊。故選D。]
9．A [詞義猜測題。根據上文可知，網絡遠程監(jiān)控設備是在蓬勃發(fā)展的網絡教育領域中鼓勵誠實的前沿科技，也是關鍵所在
33、。由下一句中的The technology也可推測出cutting edge指“尖端科技”。故A項正確。]
10．D [主旨大意題。概括全文可知，文章主要介紹了幾種防止遠程網絡考試作弊的技術，旨在防止考生網上考試時作弊。故選D。]
Ⅱ.
11．C [根據上句：“In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related with happiness.”，再根據空格下句：“Scientists believe that small talk could pr
34、omote bonding.”。關鍵詞only和promote表明此空應該是表示轉折的內容，所以C項(But don’t play down small talk just yet.但是仍然不要貶低閑聊的作用)符合題意。]
12．G [此處是實驗的結果。根據空格下句：沒有一個聊天的人表示自己碰了釘子。推出上句的意思可能是：與別人聊天的人表示旅途更愉快。故選G。]
13．A [根據下文的“Chat with gallery goers”可知，參觀美術館的人也有同樣的感受。故選A。]
14．D [根據本段中對兩類人的介紹可推知，有些人更擅長把聊天話題擴大。故選D。]
15．E [根據上文：但是被認為“有好奇心”的人不需要幫助就能把諸如最喜歡的節(jié)日之類的乏味話題轉化為親近交流。可知作者得出結論認為“好奇的心態(tài)”可以激發(fā)“積極的社會交往”。故選E。]
9
（浙江專用）2020版高考英語一輪復習 組合練 第3練 閱讀理解 七選五練習（含解析）
