（江蘇專用）2021版新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 課時提能練11-12 牛津譯林版

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1、課時提能練11-12 課時提能練(十一) Book 2　Unit 3　Amazing people 課時作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Wang Fei is my favorite singer.I consider her superior to other stars. 2．By this time next week we will_be(be)in New York. 3．We may have various(vary) ways to deal with such a situation. 4．He thought about all of the s

2、urvived (survive) shows he had watched on TV. 5．She signalled (signal) to the other girls that everything was all right. Ⅱ.語境語法填空 Howard Carter was a famous 1.explorer (explore)，who didn't receive school education and was curious 2.about the outside world.He began 3.searching (search) for the to

3、mbs of the Egyptian kings since he was only seventeen.With 4.the help of Lord Carnarvon，Howard Carter began his research.In 1922，he and his team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun near a city 5.called (call) Luxor.The tomb was full of fortune. Within 7 years,21 people 6.who/that had something 7.

4、to_do(do) with the opening of the tomb died，but Carter lived on till the age of 65.Some people say the 8.deaths (die) were just coincidence.Some believe that they were the result of a mummy's curse，9.while others think it was the 10.viruses (virus) in the tomb that resulted in the deaths. Ⅲ.完成句子 1

5、．明天早晨，我將已在去北京的路上。 By the time of tomorrow morning，I will_have_been on the way to Beijing. 2．這些花如果不能每天澆水就會死去。 The flowers will die unless_watered every day. 3．他從政以前在煤鐵業(yè)中發(fā)了財。 He made_a/his_fortune in the coal and iron business before he went into politics. 4．我認(rèn)為這些有趣的舊習(xí)俗應(yīng)該被很好地保留下來。 I think t

6、hese interesting old customs should be_well_preserved. 5．昨天你是在什么地方看到她的手機(jī)的？ Where_was_it_that you saw her cell phone yesterday? 課時作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·太原市模擬)Fairy tales perform many functions.They entertain，encourage imagination and teach problem-solving skills.They can also provide moral le

7、ssons，highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings co-exist in harmony.Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot，but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(arti

8、ficial intelligence) can take to its cold，mechanical heart. The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables，novels and other literature.We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent t

9、he intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates.This system is called “Quixote”．It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave. The exp

10、eriment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible.The robot has three options.It can wait in line; it can interact with the storekeeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medici

11、ne and escape.Without any further directives(指示)，the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it.But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it.In this way，the robot wi

12、ll learn the moral way to behave on that occasion. Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function.It's a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots.We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it wil

13、l strive to avoid unacceptable behavior.Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。童話故事不但可以娛樂孩子們，還能讓機(jī)器人擁有道德觀念，使其更好地為人類服務(wù)。 1．What function do fairy tales perform in the robots? A．They entertain robots. B．They highlight dangers. C

14、．They make robots more intelligent. D．They enable robots to behave morally. D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold，mechanical heart”可知，童話故事可以作為道德經(jīng)驗讓人工智能機(jī)器人的行為符合道德規(guī)范，故D項正確。] 2．What is “Quixote” in the text?

15、 A．A punishment system. B．A character in literature. C．A big name in technology. D．A kind of software educating robots. D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“This system is called ‘Quixote’．It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave”可知，這個系統(tǒng)被稱為“Quixote”；它從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

16、上收集故事情節(jié)，然后用這些故事來教育機(jī)器人如何規(guī)范行為，由此可知，Quixote是一種教育機(jī)器人的軟件，故D項正確。] 3．What does the designer expect robots to do in the experiment? A．To take advantage of its privilege. B．To finish the task most efficiently. C．To perform in a well-mannered way. D．To be rewarded by the storekeeper. C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“We

17、 believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior”可推知，設(shè)計者希望機(jī)器人在實驗中的行為能符合道德規(guī)范，故C項正確。] 4．Which of the following can best express the author's opinion? A．Robots will definitely have more functions. B．Robots wi

18、th humans' emotions are perfect. C．Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary. D．The development of robots is still in a baby step. C　[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it will strive to avoid unacceptable be

19、havior”可知，我們認(rèn)為人工智能必須接受培訓(xùn)以適應(yīng)特定社會的價值觀，這樣做，它將努力避免不可接受的行為。據(jù)此可推知，訓(xùn)練機(jī)器人讓其行為符合社會規(guī)范是必要的，故C項正確。] B (2019·安徽省示范高中模擬)Have you ever wondered when dogs first became “man's best friend” and the world's favourite pet? If you have，then you're not alone.When and where dogs first began living side by side with huma

20、ns are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists.There are a few hard facts that all agree on.These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(馴化) by humans.They came into human lives some 15,000 years ago，before the dawn of agriculture. Beyon

21、d that，there is little agreement.The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs' and not wolves' date from 14,000 years ago.However,30,000- year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves' and some scientists think could be dogs'. With such puzzling eviden

22、ce，many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated.In one research project，tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world.The plan is to compare them with those of wolves.It's even possible to analyse DNA from ancie

23、nt bones.Tiny pieces of the 30,000-year-old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied，and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves，not American ones. Indeed，the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than

24、 the DNA of living dogs.Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years，their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins.This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia，Mongolia，Siberia，Europe or Africa

25、. But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out.Today，this is a way of life still shared by three quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide. 【語篇

26、解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，狗是從狼馴化而來的，早在一萬五千年之前狗就進(jìn)入了我們的生活?？茖W(xué)家通過分析DNA去查證狗最初是在何時何地被馴養(yǎng)的。 5．Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs? A．Dogs originally were used as farm animals. B．Dogs evolved from wolves found in Europe. C．Dogs helped the development of agriculture. D．Dog

27、s were the first animal to be kept as pets. D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Have you ever wondered when dogs first became ‘man's best friend’ and the world's favourite pet”，再結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二句可知，狗是第一種被人類馴養(yǎng)成寵物的動物，故D項正確。] 6．Why does the writer first mention the 30,000-year-old animals' skulls? A．To show that dogs were much

28、 larger in the past. B．To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves. C．To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier. D．To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium. C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“However，30,000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure w

29、olves' and some scientists think could be dogs'”可知，在法國和比利時已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了3萬年前的頭骨，它們不完全是狼的，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為有一些可能是狗的。據(jù)此可推知，該處提及三萬年前的頭骨旨在說明狗的進(jìn)化歷史更早，故C項正確。] 7．How did scientists determine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska? A．By analyzing the age of their bones. B．By examining the animals' DNA. C．By studyin

30、g the shape of their skulls. D．By comparing them with modern dogs. B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段尾句中的“another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves，not American ones”可知，科學(xué)家是通過檢測DNA的方法來判斷阿拉斯加狗的起源的，故B項正確。] 8．Why did dogs start living with humans

31、? A．Because they were attracted by food. B．Because they were trapped by humans. C．Because they couldn't survive in the wild. D．Because they were trained to protect villages. A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第二句“The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient v

32、illages to eat any food thrown out”可知，最近的一種說法是，狗是自己馴養(yǎng)自己的，最初生活在我們古老的村莊里或周圍，吃人們?nèi)拥舻氖澄?。?jù)此可推知，狗和人生活在一起的原因是它們被食物所吸引，故A項正確。] Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019·武漢市調(diào)研測試)Many people struggle with saying “No”．__1__ Remember，just because you can do something does not mean it is required. Understand you always have a right to tur

33、n down an invitation or refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say “No”．Here are some specific tips. Give yourself permission to say no.Many people have an immediate reaction to say“Yes” when they're asked to do someone a favor.Keep in mind，you are never required to say“Yes”．It's actually o

34、kay to say “No” sometimes.Accept this as you prepare to say “No” to someone.__2__ Set up your personal boundaries.__3__ However，that reason does not have to be concrete.Many people think if they can do something，they should.Your reason for saying“No” can be a simple matter of your own personal boun

35、daries.Think about what boundaries you have，and accept the fact you're allowed to stay true to them. __4__ People often won't take “No” for an answer.If you say “No” to people，they may give you various reasons to try and change your mind.Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.

36、 Practice saying “No”．It may sound silly，but you can actually practice saying “No” alone.__5__ Practice giving a firm “No” to someone so you get comfortable with the words.Many people are nervous about saying “No” and may say “Yes” due to anxiety.Practicing can help get rid of some of this anxiety.

37、 A．This will help you say “No” with ease. B．Be aware of potential persuasion techniques. C．Find a good chance to stand in front of a crowd. D．It's always easier to say “No” if you have a reason. E．Try standing before a mirror and looking at yourself. F．It's rather easy for you to set up your pe

38、rsonal boundaries. G．If someone asks you a favor，you may feel you have to say “Yes”． 【語篇解讀】　我們可以通過設(shè)定界限、不斷訓(xùn)練等方式，勇敢地向他人說“不”。 1．G　[根據(jù)前一句的內(nèi)容可知，很多人總是苦苦掙扎，不敢說“不”。由此可推知，如果總是這樣的話，當(dāng)別人要請你幫忙的時候，你可能會感到你不得不說“可以”。故選G。] 2．A　[本段講述的是要允許自己拒絕別人。很多人會不自覺地接受他人的請求，但是你并不是一定要對他人說“可以”，這是你的權(quán)利。記住這一點(diǎn)，將幫助你輕而易舉地拒絕別人。故選A。] 3．

39、D　[根據(jù)空后一句“However，that reason does not have to be concrete”可知，D項“如果你有一個理由的話，說‘不’總是比較容易的”符合語境，故選D。] 4．B　[空后三句講述的是，人們通常不會接受“不”的，他們會找種種理由勸你改變主意，因此我們要堅持自己的決定，不要輕易屈服。由此可推知，我們要知道他人的勸說技巧。故選B。] 5．E　[本段講述的是要訓(xùn)練自己說“不”。該空前一句提到訓(xùn)練說“不”可能聽起來很愚蠢，但實際上你可以獨(dú)自去訓(xùn)練自己說“不”。由此可知E項“試著站在鏡子前，看著自己”符合語境，銜接上下文。] 課時提能練(十二) Unit

40、3　Amazing people 課時作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面 Ⅰ.語境語法填空 A Some 1.amazing (amaze) people have greatly influenced the world.For example，Bill Gates has had a great effect 2.on computer technology.Yuan Longping 3.has_devoted(devoted) himself to the research and development of a better rice breed.Though they are of d

41、ifferent times and 4.nationalities(nationality)，what they have in common is that they 5.have_contributed (contribute) a lot to the world in their fields. B Howard Carter was a famous explorer，1.who didn't receive school education but was 2.curious(curiosity) about the outside world.He 3.began (be

42、gin) searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings since he was only seventeen.With the help of Lord Carnarvon，Howard Carter began 4.his (he) research.In 1922，he and his team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun near a city 5.called (call) Luxor.Inside the tomb，there was 6.a great fortune in gold and

43、jewels. Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子 1．等我到達(dá)公交車站時，公共汽車已經(jīng)開走了。(by短語與完成時連用) By the time I got to the bus station，the_bus_had_already_gone. 2．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ·滿分作文)如果對它感興趣，你可以將你的申請發(fā)至郵箱：ping-pong@。 (if＋過去分詞) If_interested_in_it，you may email your application to pingpong@. 3．有幸與一些卓越的主管人員共事，我很高興。(fortune) I'm glad I have_h

44、ad_the_good_fortune_to_work_with some brilliant directors. 4．想住在這個國家北方的人更少。(desire v．) Fewer people desire_to_live in the north of the country. 課時作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·成都市畢業(yè)班摸底測試)A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a fri

45、endly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for.To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say“Cheers！”around the world. Who doesn't dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invente

46、d fine cuisine.They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their“cheers”：à votre santé！ Is it just us，or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It's lovely anytime: brunch，to c

47、elebrate something，or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend.It originated in Italy's Veneto region but is now available all over the world.When in Italy，the most common toast is “cin cin”， which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan.It is what could g

48、et you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country.If you find yourself in the land of Japan，stick with “kampai”， which means “cheers！” If you haven't been to Ireland—what are you waiting for? It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，w

49、here locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but，again，practice makes perfect.Simply say，“Slàinte mhath.” 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在法國、意大利、日本和愛爾蘭如何表達(dá)“干杯”。 1．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？ A．A votre santé.　　　　　 B．C

50、in cin. C．Kampai. D．Slàinte mhath. A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段尾句“Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ‘cheers’：à votre santé！”可知，在法國，干杯時說“à votre santé”，故A項正確。] 2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Italian wine. B．A toast from China.

51、 C．A Japanese custom. D．A French expression. B　[代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段第四、五句“When in Italy，the most common toast is‘cin cin’， which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan”可知，意大利常見的祝酒詞是“cin cin”，起源于中國；然而在日本，不要把這個當(dāng)作祝酒詞。結(jié)合該句“It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly

52、the entire country”可知，這種起源于中國的祝酒詞可能讓你被趕出酒吧；據(jù)此可知，It指代源于中國的祝酒詞，故B項正確。] 3．What can we learn about Ireland from the text? A．It is famous for food. B．Its language is simple. C．It makes perfect wine. D．It is well worth visiting. D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第二句“It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on

53、the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness”可知，愛爾蘭是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充滿了故事，在那里當(dāng)?shù)厝撕陀慰途墼谝黄鹋e杯暢飲。據(jù)此可以判斷，愛爾蘭值得一游，故D項正確。] 4．What's the main purpose of the text? A．To introduce the world-famous wine. B．To show how to make friends in bars

54、. C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally. D．To recommend some famous travel destinations. C　[寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文第一段尾句“To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say ‘Cheers！’ around the world”為文章的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了在不同國家和地區(qū)說“干杯”的方式；據(jù)此可以判斷，本文旨在介紹在不同國家和地區(qū)如何說“干杯”，故C項正確。] B (2019·陜西省部分學(xué)校摸底檢測)I

55、n the story of The Crow and the Pitcher from Aesop's Fables，a thirsty crow(烏鴉) drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink. Now scientists have evidence to back up that story.Crows actually do understand how to make water displacement(排水量) work to th

56、eir advantage，experiments show.The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first-graders. Researchers，led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Cambridge，presented six crows with tubes containing water.Inside the tubes，a worm or a piece of meat on a piece of wood was

57、 floating，just out of reach of the crow.In front of the tubes，the researchers arranged several rubber erasers that would sink，and some plastic objects that would float.The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack. However，

58、the_birds_handled_awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack，the researchers said.Dropping objects into a narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops; whil

59、e it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube.The crows obviously didn't realize this，and most of them went for the wide tube first. Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks.In a 2011 study，chimps and kids found out that the

60、y could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in a small amount of water at the bottom. 【語篇解讀】　本文介紹了科學(xué)家通過實驗對烏鴉智商的研究。 5．How did the crows get the snack in Sarah's experiment? A．By breaking the tube. B．By dropping in erasers. C．By standing on the wood. D．By removing the wood.

61、 B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack”可知，烏鴉能夠把橡皮擦扔到管里，使水位升高，然后吃到零食。所以選B項。] 6．What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardly” in Paragraph 4? A．They were unable to tell different shap

62、es. B．They dropped objects only into narrow tubes. C．They were not aware of the snack at first sight. D．They mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack. D　[推理判斷題。從第四段可知，實驗中的烏鴉在面對粗細(xì)不同的管子時，雖然只需往細(xì)管里投兩次物體就可以夠到零食，而需往粗管里投大約七次物體才能夠到零食，但是烏鴉往往先去粗管那邊，而沒有選擇更容易獲得零食的細(xì)管。由此可推知，畫線部分是說它們通常沒有選擇更容易的方式以得到零食。]

63、7．What does the text mainly focus on? A．Stories of Aesop's Fables. B．The development of crows. C．Crows' intelligence. D．Human-animal communication. C　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first-graders”以及下文中的實驗可知，整篇文章都是圍繞烏鴉的智商問題來展開的。] 8．Wh

64、at do we know about crows in the passage? A．Crows are almost as clever as first-graders in some respects. B．Crows understand water displacement completely. C．Chimps and children are much smarter than crows. D．The story of The Crow and the Pitcher lacks evidence. A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“The results s

65、uggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first-graders”可知，烏鴉在一些方面幾乎跟一年級學(xué)生一樣聰明。] Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019·遼寧省五校協(xié)作體聯(lián)合模擬) How to Overcome Depression Suffering from depression means more than just dealing with a bad week or even a bad month.Depression is a weakening condition that can mak

66、e it impossible for you to enjoy your daily life.To overcome your depression，you have to first determine if what you're feeling are the symptoms of depression.__1__ While medications can help relieve these symptoms，it is still important for depressed people to understand the disorder and develop healthier strategies for coping with it. Keep yourself busy. Fill your schedule with events and activities you love.Keeping a busy schedule will force you to stay active，focused，and thin