（浙江專(zhuān)版）2019屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Unit 1 Women of achievement知能演練輕松闖關(guān) 新人教版必修4

《（浙江專(zhuān)版）2019屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Unit 1 Women of achievement知能演練輕松闖關(guān) 新人教版必修4》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（浙江專(zhuān)版）2019屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Unit 1 Women of achievement知能演練輕松闖關(guān) 新人教版必修4（6頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 Unit 1 Women of achievement 閱讀理解 A Joseph Goldberger was a doctor for the United States Public Health Service and he was an advocate for scientific and social recognition of the links between poverty and disease. In 1914, Goldberger was asked by U．S. Surgeon General Rupert Blue to study a s

2、kin disease that was killing thousands of people in the South. The disease was pellagra(糙皮病)． Goldberger traveled to the state of Mississippi where many people suffered from pellagra. He studied the victims and their families. Most of the people lived a hard life. The doctor came to believe that t

3、he disease didn’t pass on from one to another, but was instead related to food. He received permission from the state governor to test this idea at a prison. Prisoners were offered pardons if they took part. One group of prisoners received their usual foods, mostly corn products. A second group ate

4、meat, fresh vegetables and drank milk. Members of the first group developed pellagra. The second group did not. But some medical researchers refused to accept Goldberger’s idea. For the South, pellagra was more than simply a medical problem. There were other things, including Southern pride. So Go

5、ldberger had himself injected(注射) with blood from a person with pellagra. He also took liquid from the nose and throat of a pellagra patient and put them into his own nose and throat. He even swallowed pills that contained skin from pellagra patients. An assistant also took part in the experiments.

6、So did Goldberger’s wife. None of them got sick. Joseph Goldberger died of cancer in 1929. He was fifty-five years old. Several years later, researchers discovered the exact cause of pellagra：a lack of vitamin B3 known as niacin. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了美國(guó)醫(yī)生Joseph Goldberger研究糙皮病的患病原因的過(guò)程。Joseph Goldb

7、erger醫(yī)生的認(rèn)真、犧牲精神令人感動(dòng)。 1．Who were easy targets of pellagra according to Goldberger? A．People in America. B．People put into prison. C．People having a poor diet. D．People touching pellagra patients. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Most of the people lived a hard life...the disease didn’t pass on from one to an

8、other, but was instead related to food.”，再結(jié)合Goldberger在監(jiān)獄進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)的內(nèi)容可知，在Joseph Goldberger看來(lái)，糙皮病和食物有關(guān)，而且患者大多生活條件差；再結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了該病可知，不良的飲食容易導(dǎo)致人們患糙皮病。 2．What did Goldberger want to prove by the experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．Pellagra wasn’t so terrible. B．Pellagra didn’t spread. C．

9、Pellagra could be cured. D．Pellagra wasn’t a medical problem. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中提到的Goldberger認(rèn)為糙皮病不是傳染病以及第四段中提到的他為了證明自己的觀點(diǎn)而進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)的內(nèi)容(將患糙皮病的人的血液注射到自己的體內(nèi)、將糙皮病病人的鼻腔和口腔中的液體放入自己的鼻腔和口腔以及吞咽含有糙皮病病人的皮膚組織的藥丸)和結(jié)果(他沒(méi)患病)可推知，Goldberger進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了證明糙皮病不傳染。 3．Which words can be used to describe Goldberger? A．Devoted

10、and determined. B．Selfless and friendly. C．Patient and expert. D．Stubborn and enthusiastic. A　解析：推理判斷題。文中提到的Goldberger在監(jiān)獄及在他自己身上做實(shí)驗(yàn)的內(nèi)容表明他全心全意地投入到對(duì)糙皮病的研究中，有奉獻(xiàn)精神；盡管一些人不認(rèn)可Goldberger的觀點(diǎn)，但他仍堅(jiān)持自己的看法并堅(jiān)決地去證明自己的觀點(diǎn)是正確的，這體現(xiàn)出他意志堅(jiān)定。故選A。 B We talk about people being “colour-blind” but very few of us are. Ev

11、en those who describe themselves as colour-blind are normally just colour deficient. A strongly colour-blind person will still be able to tell 20 different colours, compared to the 100 or so that normal-sighted people see. Pingelap, a tiny island in the Pacific, is a beautiful spot but one that has

12、 a genetic trouble. It is known as Colour-blind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white. Not being able to see in colour is bad enough. But one islander, Herrol, who’s a fisherman, also struggles in full sunlight because all he sees is a painful

13、burnt-out image.“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun，” he says，“because when it’s sunny I cannot see to do my work.” But if being truly colour-blind is rare, why is it that around 10% of the population of Pingelap live in a totally black and white world? Well, we know that in 1780 the pop

14、ulation of Pingelap was all but wiped out by a tsunami(海嘯). As few as 20 people survived, one of whom was the king. It’s believed he had a genetic fault that causes colour-blindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations. There is one advantage. Herrol can see well, really well, in the

15、 dark. So when it gets dark, Herrol and his friends get in their boats and hunt flying fish. They hang up flaming torches and the flying fish are attracted to the flames. “This type of fishing is fun，” Herrol says, “especially if we catch plenty. So even though it’s hard work we enjoy it.” 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本

16、文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了色盲島——Pingelap島，以及該島上居民色盲的原因、情況等。 4．What is Pingelap famous as? A．A tiny island. B．A beautiful island. C．A mentally troubled island. D．A colour-blind island. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，Pingelap島因被稱(chēng)為色盲島而出名，故D項(xiàng)正確。 5．What can we infer about Herrol? A．He may stay at home when it’s sunny.

17、 B．He is interested in burnt-out images. C．He likes taking photos very much. D．He doesn’t live in Pingelap any more. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，他發(fā)現(xiàn)在陽(yáng)光下無(wú)法看清東西，所以無(wú)法工作；據(jù)此可以判斷，陽(yáng)光充足時(shí)他可能會(huì)待在家里面，故A項(xiàng)正確。 6．Why are so many people in Pingelap colour-blind? A．Because Pingelap often suffers from tsunamis. B．Bec

18、ause the king had an unlucky marriage. C．Because the king’s genetic fault played a role. D．Because the king made a serious mistake. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知，該島的國(guó)王有導(dǎo)致色盲的基因，這是一種基因缺陷，他將這一基因傳給了后代，所以島上的很多人是色盲，故C項(xiàng)正確。 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．The Island of Colour-blindness B．The D

19、isadvantage of Herrol C．The History of Pingelap D．The Advantage of Colour-blindness A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了色盲島——Pingelap島， 故A項(xiàng)正確。 完形填空 Honesty is always the best policy，especially when it comes to mental health problems. In a TV __1__，one girl gets very real about dealing with anxiety and pa

20、nic. “I was the best student in my high school. I put so much __2__ on myself，” she said. “I never __3__a class. But I got sick during 10th grade and I started to __4__. That was when the panic attacks began.” She goes on to describe what a panic attack __5__ like，“One day the teacher handed me my

21、grade __6__，and I couldn’t breathe. My heart was beating very __7__. I felt disconnected. I saw people trying to talk to me but I couldn’t hear them. Afterwards，I was sent to __8__，” she shared. It was then __9__ the attacks started happening __10__ daily，and they haven’t stopped. “Last year I star

22、ted college. And I can’t be the best student here no matter how hard I try，” she said. “Everyone is so __11__. My panic attacks got so bad that I had to __12__ my first semester.” However，now she is facing her anxiety，and things are getting better. “I used to try to hide __13__. I thought that __14

23、__ nobody knew，it would not exist，” she said. “But the more I talk about my __15__，the more I realize that other people experience __16__ things. So I’m trying to express it more. I had a great teacher __17__ told me，‘Instead of letting anxiety keep you from doing your art，let it be the thing that _

24、_18__your art.’” Recently，women all over the world took to Twitter to __19__ what anxiety is like. We are __20__ alone. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。一個(gè)女孩分享了她曾經(jīng)的焦慮經(jīng)歷，后來(lái)，她勇敢面對(duì)焦慮，情況得以好轉(zhuǎn)。作者借這個(gè)事例說(shuō)明直面困難、坦陳問(wèn)題往往是解決心理健康問(wèn)題的良策。 1．A.project　　　　　　　 B．program C．platform　　 D．station B　解析：根據(jù)“In a TV ______，one girl get

25、s very real about dealing with anxiety and panic.”可知，在一個(gè)電視節(jié)目(program)中，一個(gè)女孩坦誠(chéng)地分享了她克服焦慮和驚恐的經(jīng)歷，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“項(xiàng)目”，C項(xiàng)意為“平臺(tái)”，D項(xiàng)意為“站”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 2．A.weight B．height　　 C．pressure D．measure C　解析：根據(jù)前一句“I was the best student in my high school.”再結(jié)合該句“ I put so much ______ on myself”可知，該句是說(shuō)，在學(xué)校里這個(gè)女孩是一位優(yōu)等生，她自己

26、給自己施加了很多壓力。C項(xiàng)意為“壓力”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“體重”，B項(xiàng)意為“身高”，D項(xiàng)意為“度量單位”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 3．A.joined B．succeeded C．failed D．a(chǎn)ttended C　解析：根據(jù)上文，再結(jié)合該句“I never ______a class.”可知，這個(gè)女孩從沒(méi)有考試不及格過(guò)；C項(xiàng)意為“不及格”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“加入”；B項(xiàng)意為“成功”；D項(xiàng)意為“參加”。 4．A.fall behind B．fall down C．leave behind D．leave alone A　解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，

27、在十年級(jí)時(shí)這個(gè)女孩生病了，成績(jī)開(kāi)始落后；A項(xiàng)意為“落后”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“跌倒；失敗”；C項(xiàng)意為“留下，遺留”；D項(xiàng)意為“不打擾”。 5．A.looks B．sounds C．tastes D．feels D　解析：根據(jù)空處前后句可知，這個(gè)女孩是在描述焦慮癥發(fā)作時(shí)的感覺(jué)。feel like為固定搭配，意為“感覺(jué)像是……”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。 6．A.report B．survey C．research D．notice A　解析：根據(jù)該句中“One day the teacher handed me my grade ______，and I c

28、ouldn’t breathe.”可知，老師將成績(jī)單交給了這個(gè)女孩；表示“成績(jī)單”用“grade report”，故A項(xiàng)正確。 7．A.mildly B．wildly C．slowly D．severely B　解析：根據(jù)后一句“I felt disconnected.”可以判斷，這個(gè)女孩看到了她的成績(jī)單后感覺(jué)無(wú)法呼吸，心臟瘋狂地(wildly)跳動(dòng)，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“溫和地”；C項(xiàng)意為“緩慢地”；D項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)格地”。 8．A.school B．work C．hospital D．home C　解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析并結(jié)合該句“Afterwards，I was se

29、nt to ______”可以判斷，最后，這個(gè)女孩被送往醫(yī)院。故C項(xiàng)正確。 9．A.when B．since C．before D．that D　解析：根據(jù)該句“It was then ______ the attacks started happening ______ daily，and they haven’t stopped.”可知，該句使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是then，故用that引導(dǎo)句中的其他部分，故D項(xiàng)正確。 10．A.still B．a(chǎn)lways C．merely D．a(chǎn)lmost D　解析：根據(jù)空處所在句可知，從那時(shí)起焦慮幾乎每天發(fā)生，沒(méi)有停

30、止過(guò)。D項(xiàng)意為“幾乎”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。 11．A.ambitious B．a(chǎn)nxious C．talented D．experienced C　解析：根據(jù)空處前一句可知，在大學(xué)里，無(wú)論這個(gè)女孩怎么努力都無(wú)法成為最好的學(xué)生；結(jié)合該句“Every one is so ______．”可知，每個(gè)人都有天賦；C項(xiàng)意為“有天賦的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。 12．A.arrange B．perform C．operate D．cancel D　解析：根據(jù)該句“My panic attacks got so bad that I had to ______ my fir

31、st semester.”可知，這個(gè)女孩的焦慮癥變得如此嚴(yán)重，她不得不休學(xué)。D項(xiàng)意為“取消”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。 13．A.it B．them C．me D．us A　解析：根據(jù)空處前后句可知，空處指代前一句的“anxiety”，后一句中的“it would not exist”也是提示。故此處用it。 14．A.unless B．if C．while D．a(chǎn)s B　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故此處用if。 15．A.confidence B．dream C．issue D．desire C　解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，空處是指這個(gè)女孩的

32、焦慮問(wèn)題。C項(xiàng)意為“問(wèn)題”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“信心”；B項(xiàng)意為“夢(mèng)想”；D項(xiàng)意為“渴望”。 16．A.similar B．familiar C．various D．serious A　解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是指這個(gè)女孩對(duì)她的問(wèn)題談得越多，她就越意識(shí)到其他人也經(jīng)歷過(guò)相似的事情。文章的最后一段也是提示。故A項(xiàng)正確。 17．A.who B．whom C．whose D．which A　解析：分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“a great teacher”，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。 18．A.abandons B．qui

33、ts C．motivates D．protests C　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處應(yīng)用與“keep you from doing your art”意義相反的一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。C項(xiàng)意為“激勵(lì)”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“放棄”；B項(xiàng)意為“停止”；D項(xiàng)意為“反對(duì)”。 19．A.advertise B．a(chǎn)dvise C．share D．compare C　解析：根據(jù)該句“Recently，women all over the world took to Twitter to ______ what anxiety is like.”可知，最近，世界各地的女性都在推特上分享了焦慮的經(jīng)歷。C項(xiàng)意為“分享”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。 20．A.always B．sometimes C．seldom D．never D　解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析，再結(jié)合該句“We are ______ alone.”可知，焦慮者不是孤獨(dú)的，故用否定詞never。 6