2022年高一英語(yǔ)《Unit 1 Friendship》Grammar學(xué)案(I)

《2022年高一英語(yǔ)《Unit 1 Friendship》Grammar學(xué)案(I)》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2022年高一英語(yǔ)《Unit 1 Friendship》Grammar學(xué)案(I)（5頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、2022年高一英語(yǔ)《Unit 1 Friendship》Grammar學(xué)案(I) Teaching Aims: 1. 了解直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)。 2. 掌握陳述句、一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)的方法。 Important and difficult Point: 掌握賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的一致性. 一、直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化 1.陳述句 用連詞that引導(dǎo)，that在口語(yǔ)中常省略。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可直接用引語(yǔ)中的said, 也可用told來(lái)代替，注意，可以說(shuō)said that, said to sb that, told sb that，不可直接說(shuō)told that

2、 Eg. He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” → He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ” → He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 解題步驟: “I don’t like puters,” Sarah said to her friends. Sarah s

3、aid to her friends that I don’t like puters . she didn’t →Sarah said to her friends that she didn’t like puters. .2.一般疑問(wèn)句 間接引語(yǔ)用連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，原主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said要改為asked(me/him/us等)，語(yǔ)序是陳述句的語(yǔ)序 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” →He asked (me) whether/if I

4、 had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?” →He asked whether I was interested in English. 解題步驟: Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil? ( They asked him ) “It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.” They asked him if i

5、t is easy to improve the condition of the soil was →They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil. 3.特殊疑問(wèn)句 原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞作為間接引語(yǔ)的連詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用ask(sb. )來(lái)表達(dá)，語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序 He said to me，“What's your name?” → He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car f

6、actories have been built in your country?” →He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 解題步驟： When do you harvest the wheat ? ( They asked him ) you harvest the wheat They asked him When you harvest the wheat. He harvested They asked him when he harv

7、ested the wheat. 4.選擇疑問(wèn)句 用whether…or…表達(dá)，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or… He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” →He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” →I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 二、在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)需要注意的變化 1. 注意時(shí)態(tài)的變

8、化 Direct Indirect Present Past Past Past and Past perfect Present perfect Past perfect Past perfect Past perfect 2. 注意人稱(chēng)變化。 3. 注意指示代詞的變化this, these (that, those) 4. 注意時(shí)間的變化?now, today ,this week ,yesterday, last week ,four days ago ,the day before yesterday ,tomorro

9、w ,next month→ (then, that day, that week,the day before ,the week before, four days before ,two days before ,the next day, the next month) 5. 注意地點(diǎn)的變化?here (?there) 6. 注意個(gè)別趨向動(dòng)詞的變化?e, bring (go, take) 三、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)變化需要注意幾點(diǎn)： 1.直接引語(yǔ)表述的是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變 The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in

10、 the east and sets in the west.” The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 2. 如果直接引語(yǔ)所表述的內(nèi)容在目前和說(shuō)話時(shí)同樣有效，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)可不變 The children said, “We love this game.” They told us that they love that game. 3.主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，在引述時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 She says, “I’ll never forget th

11、e days in the country.” She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country. 從句時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)須改變的還有以下情況: 1. 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候 2. 當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)部分帶有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí) 3. 當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有以when, while引導(dǎo)的從句，表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間時(shí) 4. 當(dāng)引語(yǔ)是諺語(yǔ)、格言時(shí) 5. 當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, nee

12、d時(shí) 四． Exercises: 1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.” 2. He said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.” _____________________________________________________________ 3. Tom said “I will see you next week.” __________________________________________________________

13、___ 4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. _____________________________________________________________ 5. “I don’t like swimming,” said Sarah. _____________________________________________________________ 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian. _______________

14、______________________________________________ 7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me. 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)專(zhuān)練題（二） Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇 1. He asked ________ for the puter. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me.

15、 →He asked me _______. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film 3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. →He ______ me _____ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close

16、D. said to; please close 4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. →He said _________. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher 5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He _____- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said t

17、o his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was 6. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. →She asked ________. A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well

18、 D. had I already got well. 7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” →He asked me _________. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if I was a Party member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a

19、League member. 8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _______. A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along 9. He asked me ________ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. what’s the matt

20、er D. what was the matter 10. He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me _______ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; don’t do C. told me; don’t do D. told me; not to do 11. It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love, at the age of s

21、even, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall Direct and Indirect Speech（Unit One Grammar） 答案 1. He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work. 2. He said t

22、hat he hadn’t heard from him since May 3. Tom said that he would see me the next week. 4. The teacher asked me why I was late again 5. Sarah said she didn’t like swimming. 6. His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?” 7. My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris. 答案與簡(jiǎn)析： 1. D 賓語(yǔ)從句要

23、用陳述句語(yǔ)序。 2. . D 一般疑問(wèn)句要變成whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句. 3. . C 直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句, 變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往根據(jù)直接引語(yǔ)的口氣換用ask (請(qǐng)求), tell (告訴), order (命令), invite (邀請(qǐng)), warn (警告), advise (建議)等, 而直接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要變成動(dòng)詞不等式。即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advise sb. (not) to do sth. 4. . D直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句, 變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用that引導(dǎo)(口語(yǔ)中常省略)。 5. . C 6. . B反意疑問(wèn)

24、句要變成whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 7. . C 選擇疑問(wèn)句要變成whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 8. . C直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問(wèn)句, 變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo), 并將疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序。 9. . D注意時(shí)態(tài)的一致。What作主語(yǔ)，the matter（=wrong）作表語(yǔ)。 10. . D直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句, 變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往根據(jù)直接引語(yǔ)的口 氣換用。. 11.解析：答案B。本題考查了fall in love在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的應(yīng)用，從標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at the age of seven看，賓語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容意指過(guò)去。在虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)中，若指過(guò)去，從句中動(dòng)詞形式用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式用 would/should/might/ could/have done。